CN112007719A

CN112007719A - Shaft mill

Info

Publication number: CN112007719A
Application number: CN202010945610.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 武思军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-09-04
Filing date: 2020-09-04
Publication date: 2020-12-01

Abstract

The invention discloses a shaft grinder, and relates to ore grinding equipment. In order to solve the problems that the grinding efficiency of the existing ore grinding machine is extremely low and the energy consumption is very high, the ore is punched by using double grinding shafts which rotate at a relatively high speed, so that the ore is crushed: the technical principle of the grinding device comprises two grinding shafts, a motor, a bearing, a rack and the like, wherein the grinding parts are two grinding shafts rotating at a relatively high speed, a certain gap is formed between the two grinding shafts according to the grinding requirement of mineral materials, a plurality of double grinding shafts are sequentially horizontally arranged in the rack from top to bottom, the gap width of the double grinding shafts is sequentially arranged according to the grinding requirement and the requirements of coarse materials on the upper part and fine materials on the lower part, ores are crushed under the punching of the double grinding shafts rotating at a relatively high speed, and the crushed finer particles directly fall down and cannot be continuously pressed and ground again, so that the electric energy waste of repeated pressing and grinding is avoided, the two grinding shafts rotating at a relatively high speed are not in contact, impact abrasion between the grinding parts is avoided, and scrap iron cannot be generated in the grinding process. The powder passing rate after ore grinding of the invention reaches one hundred percent.

Description

Shaft mill

Technical Field

The invention relates to ore grinding equipment, in particular to an ore grinding machine which generates punching force by utilizing double grinding shafts rotating relatively, is mainly applied to fine grinding and superfine grinding of various ore powder bodies, and can also be applied to flour processing of grains.

Background

The mining quantity of various ores such as coal mines, iron mines, cement and the like in China is dozens of billions of tons every year, most of the ores can be reasonably sorted and applied by fine grinding, the grinding efficiency of the existing various mills is extremely low, the energy consumption is extremely high, according to data analysis, the grinding efficiency of the mills is only about one percent, most of electric energy is consumed as heat energy, and the ball mill is most popularized in the existing ore grinding equipment. The ore grinding equipment consumes more than eighty percent of the ore, the electricity consumption of the ore grinding equipment such as the ball mill and the like is as high as five million degrees every year, the electricity consumption of the ore grinding equipment accounts for more than 4 percent of the total electricity of China every year, and the electricity consumption of hundreds of millions of degrees of the ore grinding equipment is consumed on ore grinding every year. The existing ore grinding machine has a plurality of defects and problems, the large-scale ore grinding machine has the weight of more than one hundred tons, is large in size, needs special infrastructure installation for placement, is quick in grinding piece damage, needs frequent overhaul, is complex in manual operation, and is large in material loss and labor cost.

The crushing and grinding process is a process of extruding, rolling, impacting and grinding ores by using energy through a grinding machine to cleave useful mineral monomers in the ores and facilitate the next stage of sorting. The grinding machine can be divided into the following parts according to different grinding media and grinding materials: ball mills, column mills, rod mills, tube mills, autogenous mills, rotary mortar mills, vertical mills, multi-layer vertical mills, vertical roller mills, disk mills, DMC mills, etc.

The ball mill is widely applied to the production industries of cement, coal dust, novel building materials, refractory materials, chemical fertilizers, black and non-ferrous metal ore dressing, glass ceramics and the like, and is used for carrying out dry-type or wet-type grinding on various ores and other grindable materials. The device comprises a feeding part, a discharging part, a rotating part, a transmission part (a transmission gear, a motor, an electric control) and other main parts. The ball mill is composed of horizontal cylinder, hollow feeding and discharging shaft and grinding head, the cylinder is long cylinder, the grinding body is installed in the cylinder, the cylinder is made of steel plate, and is fixed with the cylinder by steel lining plate, the grinding body is generally steel ball, and is loaded into the cylinder according to different diameters and a certain proportion, the grinding body can also be steel section. When the ball mill barrel rotates, the grinding body is attached to a lining plate of the barrel and taken away by the barrel under the action of inertia and centrifugal force and friction force, and when the grinding body is taken to a certain height, the grinding body is thrown off under the action of gravity of the grinding body, and the falling grinding body breaks the material in the barrel like a projectile. The hollow shaft is made of cast steel, the lining can be detached and replaced, the rotary large gear is machined by cast hobbing, and the cylinder body is embedded with a wear-resistant lining plate, so that the wear-resistant cylinder has good wear resistance. Is a device for dry or wet grinding in the production industries of silicate products, novel building materials, refractory materials, fertilizers, ferrous and nonferrous metals, quartz sand, glass ceramics and the like. The ball mill has a large application range, but has extremely high energy consumption, the power consumption of the ball mill is about 30 degrees per ton for grinding ore of 200 meshes generally, the loss of the steel balls and the lining plates can reach about one kilogram per ton, the ball mill has a large volume and hundreds of tons in weight, a special factory needs to be built for placement, and the capital investment is large.

The column mill and the vertical mill adopt a continuous repeated rolling grinding principle, the upper part of the column mill is driven to drive the main shaft to rotate, so that the roller rotates in the annular conical lining, after materials are fed from the upper part, a material layer is formed between the roller and the lining plate under the action of dead weight and upper part pushing material, the material layer is subjected to powder formed by rolling of the roller, and finally, the materials are automatically discharged from the lower part of the column mill. The roller only performs regular revolution and rotation, the material layer acting force mainly comes from the extrusion force and the pressure given by the elastic device, and the roller only performs regular rotation and revolution, so that the loss and abrasion caused by the collision between the roller and the lining plate are avoided, the energy saving and consumption reduction effects of the column mill are better than that of a ball mill, but the application range of the ball mill is large, and a lot of ores with large hardness cannot be finely ground. The column mill and the vertical mill have the common problems of abrasion of a grinding roller and a grinding disc lining plate of the vertical mill, abrasion of a bearing chamber of the grinding roller of the vertical mill, leakage of a speed reducer and the like due to poor working conditions in the use process. Immediately, grinding roller body and wear-resisting welt are at the use, in case the fit clearance appears, will make wearing and tearing aggravation between body and the welt, and hot-blast and cement granule in addition lead to the production of slot to constantly erodeing of fitting surface, cause to strike the collision between body and the welt, make the welt produce the crackle even fracture when serious, the machine damages, especially the damage of speed reducer, causes malignant incident. Once the problems occur, the common repair method is difficult to solve, and the replacement cost is high; the assembly requirement of the grinding roller bearing of the vertical mill is strict, and enterprises generally adopt a mode of putting the bearing in dry ice for cooling for assembly. Once a gap is formed between the bearing and the bearing chamber, the normal operation of the bearing is influenced, the bearing is heated, and the bearing burning phenomenon is caused in serious cases; the leakage of the vertical mill speed reducer not only affects the attractive appearance of the machine, but also wastes oil products and causes great trouble to the maintenance of equipment

In China, a large amount of metal mineral resources such as iron ore, ilmenite and gold ore with low embarrassment fineness cannot be reasonably utilized, one important factor is that the superfine grinding power consumption of the minerals is extremely high, the yield is low, and the mining of the mineral products is economically irreparable. Coal mine is needed to be finely ground for coal power and steel making, the pulverized coal is more fully combusted as the pulverized coal is finer, the pulverized coal is limited by the ore grinding technology, the power consumption of the ball mill is larger than the power added by pulverized coal combustion when the ball mill is finely ground to about one hundred mills, the cost is not low in economy, the carbon ash content is high due to emission of coal power and steel making waste gas, and the atmospheric environment is polluted. The haze reason in winter in northern China is that the fineness of coal powder does not reach the standard, the weather and the like are only surface phenomena, grinding in the cement industry in China is a large energy-consuming household, the power consumption accounts for two percent of the total power consumption in China, the power consumption for producing one ton of cement on average consumes ninety degrees, the grinding fineness is unsatisfactory, two hundred meshes and more than ten percent of particles cannot pass through, the cement fineness and the passing rate determine the quality of the cement, and the finer value of the cement is higher, and the higher value of the passing rate is higher. All the problems are difficult to solve and urgent problems in the prior art, and therefore, the market urgently needs an ultrafine ore grinding mill with low energy consumption and high yield to solve the production problems.

With the continuous and fine quality requirement of the current market on the powder product, the powder passing rate of foreign advanced enterprises is more than ninety percent on the requirement of the ore grinding mesh number, while the actual passing rate of the national powder enterprises is less than eighty percent, thereby not only influencing the ore dressing effect, but also reducing the quality requirement of the ore product.

Iron removal from non-metallic mineral materials such as kaolin, potash feldspar, quartz sand, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide and the like has been a technical problem in the field, particularly, the kaolin has the very few iron oxide impurities, so that the quality of the kaolin is greatly reduced, and iron impurities such as scrap iron, iron powder and the like can be generated in the ore grinding production process of ore grinding equipment such as a ball mill and the like, so that secondary pollution is caused, and the quality improvement of the minerals is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The first main reason is that the grinding part is actually a relatively large surface rather than a point and a line, so that the driving force is doubled, the mechanical energy loss is increased, and meanwhile, the load of transmission parts such as bearings, gears and the like is also increased, so that the service life of the grinding machine is greatly shortened. The second main reason is that during the fine grinding of the ore, the accumulated powder has great fluidity and flows away under the stamping of the grinding part, and the mechanical energy and the kinetic energy of the grinding part mostly act on the grinding part and the lining plate, so that the energy is greatly wasted, and the mechanical damage of the grinding part is also caused. The third main reason is that a part of the punching kinetic energy of the grinding part is transferred to the opposite grinding part and the lining plate through the ore powder, and the generated heat energy and the sound energy are wasted. The fourth main reason is that the ore can not reach the fineness requirement in the first time when the grinding part is contacted with the ore, therefore, the ore must be repeatedly pressed and ground, the ground ore does not immediately separate from the grinding part, the grinding time of the mineral aggregate in the ball mill is as long as dozens of minutes, the grinding time of the mineral aggregate in the vertical mill is also several minutes, long-time repeated grinding can generate a large amount of redundant heat in the grinding production process, which is an important source of energy consumption, if the temperature is reduced without water vapor, the temperature of the powder and the temperature of the machine body can exceed more than 200 degrees, even if the temperature is reduced by water vapor, the temperature is close to 100 degrees, the part of heat energy accounts for the vast majority of the energy consumption of the mill, not only electric energy is wasted, but also the temperature environment for equipment and powder operation is damaged.

Aiming at solving the problems of extremely low grinding efficiency and extremely high energy consumption of the existing ore grinding machine, improving the quality of powder and reasonably utilizing and exploiting fine refractory gold ore, iron ore, ilmenite and the like, the invention utilizes the momentum of two steel shafts rotating at a relatively high speed to punch ore particles by aiming at the advantages and the disadvantages of various ore grinding machine technologies, and the technical principle is as follows: the grinding parts are two grinding shafts rotating at a high speed, a gap is formed between the two grinding shafts at a certain interval according to mineral material grinding requirements, the two grinding shafts rotate at a high speed and have high momentum, ore particles falling between the two grinding shafts rotating at a high speed move along with the rotating grinding shafts, if the diameter of the ore particles is larger than the gap, the ore particles cannot pass through the gap, the ore particles are stamped by the two grinding shafts rotating at a high speed relatively, partial momentum of the grinding shafts rotating at a high speed is converted into momentum acting on the ore, and the ore particles are crushed, so that the ore particles can pass through the gap. The crushed and cleaved fine ore particles directly fall down and can not be continuously pressed and ground, and the waste of electric energy caused by repeated pressing and grinding is avoided.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: including two grinding shaft, motor, bearing, frame, transmission, feeding case, blanking baffle, discharge gate, crack adjusting device and bearing sleeve, its characterized in that: in the frame, a plurality of double grinding shafts are horizontally arranged, each double grinding shaft consists of two horizontally arranged grinding shafts, each horizontally arranged grinding shaft is in the shape of a shaft rod, the two horizontally arranged grinding shafts are axially parallel, a certain gap is formed between the two horizontally arranged grinding shafts, the gap is a crack of the double grinding shafts, two end parts of each grinding shaft are thinner than a middle part, namely the diameter of two ends of each grinding shaft is smaller than that of the middle part, two ends of each grinding shaft are matched with bearings, the outer diameter of each bearing is generally smaller than that of the middle part of each grinding shaft, each bearing is provided with a bearing seat sleeve, the bearing seat sleeves are arranged on two side beams of the frame, the outer sides of the bearing seat sleeves at two ends of each movable grinding shaft are provided with crack adjusting devices, the double grinding shafts are connected with transmission devices or directly connected with motors, and the transmission devices are connected with the ends of the fixed grinding shafts, the transmission device is connected with the end of the movable grinding shaft, the transmission device is connected with the motor, the fixed grinding shaft and the movable grinding shaft rotate relatively, the top end of the frame is a feeding box, a blanking baffle is arranged below the double grinding shaft, the blanking baffle guides the grinding materials of the double grinding shaft to fall down, a discharge hole is arranged below the blanking baffle at the bottom, and the ore grinding requirement is that the included angle of ore particles falling into the double grinding shaft crack is smaller than the occlusion included angle.

The technical scheme is suitable for equipment with only one double grinding shaft and equipment with more than two double grinding shafts, because the fineness of fed mineral materials of most mineral materials is several millimeters or even dozens of millimeters, if one-time fine grinding is required to reach hundreds of meshes, the diameter of the corresponding grinding shaft can exceed one meter, the weight size is too large, a multi-stage double grinding shaft method can be adopted, the grinding shaft is ground only a little at one time, and the technical requirements are met after multi-stage multiple-time fine grinding, such as: the feeding mineral aggregate particles of the first-stage double grinding shaft are 10 meshes, the gap is 20 meshes, the discharging mineral aggregate particles are smaller than 20 meshes, the feeding mineral aggregate particles of the second-stage double grinding shaft are 20 meshes, the gap is 40 meshes, the discharging mineral aggregate particles are smaller than 40 meshes, and the rest can be done in the same way.

The two grinding shafts are connected with a transmission device and a motor, generally, one end of one grinding shaft is connected with the transmission device, the other end of the other grinding shaft is connected with the transmission device, the transmission devices are not all located in the same place, one end of the grinding shaft connected with the transmission device is longer than the other end of the grinding shaft, otherwise, the diameter of the transmission device is too large, the transmission device is collided with a shaft rod of the grinding shaft, and one side of the transmission device connected with the grinding shaft is proper.

The included angle of the ore particles falling into the double grinding shafts is an included angle formed by the width of the ore particles falling between the two grinding shafts and tangent lines of the two grinding shafts, the occlusion included angle is an included angle formed by the included angle of the ore particles falling between the two grinding shafts and the tangent lines of the two grinding shafts, when the included angle is equal to or smaller than a certain specific angle, the extrusion force generated by the relative rotation of the two grinding shafts on the ore particles is larger than the upward lateral shearing force, at the moment, the ore particles are tightly occluded by the two grinding shafts, the ore particles can move downwards along with the grinding shafts and are crushed by extrusion, generally, the occlusion included angle of most types of ore particles is between 20 and 40 degrees, the friction coefficient of some types of ore particles and the surfaces of the grinding shafts is larger, the occlusion included angle is between 40 and 50 degrees, the size of the ore particles is smaller than the occlusion included angle, and the ore particles can not be extruded upwards by the lateral shearing force but are occluded by the two grinding, the ore particles are extruded upwards by the side shearing force if the included angle between the ore particles and the tangent lines of the two grinding shafts is larger than the occlusion included angle, so that the ore particles cannot be extruded and crushed by the grinding shafts.

In the double grinding shafts, one end of at least one grinding shaft is connected with a transmission device, or is not connected with the transmission device but directly connected with a motor, and the transmission device is connected with the motor, namely: two grinding shafts in the double grinding shafts can rotate relatively as long as one grinding shaft is rotated by the motor and the other grinding shaft is driven by the extrusion of mineral aggregate particles,

the relative synchronous rotation between the two grinding shafts can be realized by respectively connecting motors and transmission devices with the same power and the same rotating speed. The synchronous gear can be connected to one end of the grinding shaft, the two grinding shafts can rotate synchronously relative to each other by using a motor and a transmission device, the synchronous gear is connected to the same end of the fixed grinding shaft and the movable grinding shaft, and the synchronous gears between the fixed grinding shaft and the movable grinding shaft are tightly meshed to form the relative synchronous rotation of each double grinding shaft.

The relative differential rotation between the two grinding shafts is realized by using motors with different models or transmission devices with different transmission ratios, and the relative differential rotation between the grinding shafts is favorable for removing viscous materials.

The double-grinding shaft comprises a fixed grinding shaft and a movable grinding shaft, wherein bearing fixing seats at two ends of the fixed grinding shaft are fixedly installed on cross beams at two sides of a rack and cannot move, the bearing fixing seats at two ends of the movable grinding shaft are movably arranged on the cross beams at two sides of the rack and can move transversely, a crack adjusting device is arranged on the outer side of the bearing fixing seats at two ends of the movable grinding shaft and is matched with the bearing fixing seats of the movable grinding shaft, the crack adjusting device comprises a fixing seat and a rotating screw, the fixing seat is fixed on the cross beams of the rack, the rotating screw comprises a rotating head, a shaft rod part and a screw part, the shaft rod part is matched with the fixing seat, and the rotating head is provided with scales.

Bearing fixing base foreign side in circle, constitute by two interior semicircular liners, have the bolt hole, can screw up and dismantle, or the closure mode, one end has the loose axle to connect, and the other end is fixed with the bolt there is the screw hole one side of bearing fixing base, the screw hole uses with the screw part cooperation of rotatory screw rod, is transverse motion survey in the bearing fixing base, be provided with dustproof sealing circle, prevent that the mineral aggregate dust from getting into in the bearing.

The movable grinding shaft is characterized in that retaining devices are arranged at the bearing fixing seats at the two ends of the movable grinding shaft, and the retaining devices are pressure springs and prevent iron blocks from entering the grinding machine and causing overload shutdown.

The double grinding shafts comprise a multistage double-grinding-shaft ore grinding system consisting of a plurality of double grinding shafts, and the double-grinding-shaft ore grinding system is technically characterized in that: in the frame, from the top down, the double grinding axle of multilayer is crouched in proper order and is provided with two grinding axles of multilayer, constitutes the grinding system of multistage double grinding axle, and the double grinding axle quantity of lower one deck equals or is more than the double grinding axle quantity of last one deck, the crack width of double grinding axle, according to the double grinding axle grinding requirement of multilayer, the crack width of the double grinding axle of multilayer is according to the coarse fodder last, and the thin material is descending step by step in proper order in the lower requirement, and that is to say that the double grinding axle that the crack width is relatively big sets up on the double grinding axle that the crack width is relatively little, and the double grinding axle that the crack width is relatively little sets up below the double grinding axle that the crack width is relatively big, promptly: the width of a crack of the first layer of double grinding shafts is larger than that of a crack of the second layer of double grinding shafts, the width of the crack of the second layer of double grinding shafts is larger than that of a crack of the third layer of double grinding shafts, and so on, from top to bottom, the feeding flow rate of each upper layer of double grinding shaft must be equal to or smaller than that of the lower layer of double grinding shaft, so that blockage is avoided.

The double grinding shafts are characterized by further comprising a parallel ore grinding system consisting of the double grinding shafts: in the frame, a plurality of double grinding shafts are horizontally arranged to form a parallel grinding system with the double grinding shafts, the power transmission mode of the double grinding shaft parallel grinding system comprises that each grinding shaft is connected with a transmission device, the transmission device is connected with a motor, or each grinding shaft is directly connected with the motor, or the motor is connected with the transmission device at one end of the grinding shaft, the transmission device at the other end of the grinding shaft is connected with the transmission device of the other group of double grinding shafts with the same grinding shaft, and the rest is done in this way, so that the number of the motors can be reduced.

The double grinding shafts of the plurality of grinding shafts further comprise a multi-group parallel double grinding shaft combined grinding system consisting of a plurality of double grinding shafts and a plurality of double grinding shafts, and the double grinding shaft combined grinding system is characterized in that: in the frame, from top to bottom, the series connection has multilayer double-grinding axle in proper order, and the bottom is the parallelly connected double-grinding axle of multiunit, because the pan feeding granule generally is not less than several millimeters, need pass through the preceding attrition of multilayer double-grinding axle, makes the mineral aggregate granule be less than 2 millimeters fineness, and the mineral aggregate that is less than 2 millimeters fineness passes through reposition of redundant personnel blanking baffle and shunts to each group double-grinding axle and carries out the fine grinding or superfine grinding.

A transmission device is arranged between the motor and the double grinding shafts, and the transmission device is a combination of a transmission belt and a belt wheel or a gear set.

The feeding box, including box, blanking hang plate and feed inlet regulating plate, the box be the cuboid, length direction and two mill axle axial direction parallels, the box install in the frame, the export below is the rectangle mouth, the crack of two mill axles is aimed at in the export, feed inlet department on it is provided with blanking hang plate and feed inlet regulating plate, the certain angle of blanking hang plate slope, general slope 45 degrees is fit for to 70 degrees, the feed inlet regulating plate is the fly leaf, the feed inlet regulating plate is apart from certain clearance with the blanking hang plate, the clearance be exactly the feed inlet of feeding box, adjust the clearance of feed inlet regulating plate and blanking hang plate, can change feed inlet cross-sectional area and feeding ore flow. The feed inlet regulating plate is inclined at an angle of 29 to 30 so that excessive ore falling onto the blanking inclined plate flows to the feed inlet regulating plate, and the inclined feed inlet regulating plate facilitates the flow of excessive ore. The blanking inclined plate and the feed inlet adjusting plate are provided with a screen, the screen is inclined at a certain angle, and the screen is inclined at 30-45 degrees, so that the mineral aggregate particles smaller than the screen holes can fall into the box body, and the mineral aggregate particles larger than the screen holes can flow out of the mill along the gradient.

The blanking baffle is a rectangular pipeline consisting of two front panels and two side panels, is arranged along the falling direction of the grinding materials, is used for guiding the grinding materials of the upper double grinding shafts to fall down, two side panels are provided with round holes, two ends of the grinding shafts pass through the round holes, the blanking baffle is axially parallel to the double grinding shafts, the blanking baffle is tightly attached to the double grinding shafts, the blanking baffle is generally made of plastic plates and rubber plates or metal plates, a scraper blade or a brush is arranged in the blanking baffle, mineral aggregate dust is ensured not to be taken out by the rotating grinding shafts, and viscous mineral aggregates can be removed.

The blanking baffle in be provided with the filter sieve, the filter sieve is the net formula sieve, the mesh aperture of filter sieve equals or is less than the crack width of the two grinding shafts of upper strata, the mesh aperture of filter sieve equals or is greater than the crack width of the two grinding shafts of lower floor, the effect of filter sieve is to prevent difficult kibbling iron granule, debris such as plastics and saw-dust fall into the two grinding shafts of lower floor, when the iron granule, debris such as plastics and saw-dust can be further flattened through the two grinding shafts of upper strata, the debris size after flattening is greater than the mesh of filter sieve, consequently, can not pass through the filter sieve, operating personnel is according to actual conditions, interval certain time, opens the blanking baffle, clears up the debris of staying on the filter sieve.

The discharge port is connected with a powder wind conveying device, the ground mineral aggregate dust can be quickly sucked away by negative pressure generated by the powder wind conveying device, the powder wind conveying device comprises a dust collector, a wind power splitter and the like, a wind power classification box is arranged at an outlet of the powder wind conveying device, the wind power classification box is in a barrel box shape, and a multi-stage mineral aggregate baffle is arranged in the box.

The frame be the frame construction who makes up by a plurality of square girder steels or steel sheet, square girder steel be square steel pipe and square rod iron, the frame be by four perpendicular shape girder steels as the stand, at a certain distance between four stands, with many horizontal square girder steels of multilayer and vertical square girder steel fastening connection, the frame package have the shell, the frame be the rack shape.

It should be noted that the double grinding shafts described in the present invention are not a plate-turning of a roll crusher, and first, the roll crusher can only be applied to the field of ore crushing, but cannot be finely ground, generally, the thinness of the roll crusher can only reach 20 meshes, about one millimeter, and the fine grinding generally requires that the fineness of powder reaches at least 200 meshes and is below zero one millimeter, the basic requirement of the double grinding shafts described in the present invention on the fineness of powder is 200 meshes to 2000 meshes, the two are different in grinding level, the grinding level of the roll crusher is coarse grinding and fine grinding, the discharging is gravel, the grinding level of the double grinding shafts is fine grinding and ultra fine grinding, and the discharging is powder. Secondly, the common sense definition of the rollers is that the rollers are short, heavy and have low requirement on precision, the diameter is generally about half a meter to one meter, the length is about half a meter to one meter, the diameter and the length are relatively close, and the gap error between the rollers can only reach a few tenths of millimeters, so that the grinding cannot be carried out. The common sense definition of the shaft is slender and light, the requirement on diameter precision is high, the diameter of the double-grinding shaft is generally several centimeters, the length of the double-grinding shaft is generally one meter to six meters, the requirement on diameter precision is extremely high, and the gap error between the rotating double-grinding shaft must reach the level of silk meters or even microns. The grinding spindle cannot be considered as a grinding rod, and the spindle and the rod are different in working condition and precision requirement, and the grinding spindle is completely processed and operated according to the standard of the spindle. Third, the crushing and grinding principles are different for the roll and the twin grinding shaft, and the crushing for the roll is a brute force pressing the ore by the driving force, therefore, the counter roll crusher with low counter roll rotating speed, large power and daily handling capacity of kiloton generally has the rotating speed of one meter per second to two meters per second and the power of more than hundred thousand newtons, the double grinding shafts crush the ore by the inertia kinetic energy of the high-speed rotation of the grinding shafts, so the rotating speed of the grinding shafts is required to be high and is generally not lower than ten meters per second, the rotating speed of the last-stage double grinding shaft is generally about twenty meters per second, the rotating speed of the grinding shafts is required to be higher for superfine grinding, the daily handling capacity of the double grinding shafts is kiloton, the driving force is usually only hundreds of newtons, the driving force is not enough to extrude and crush the ore, and only the kinetic energy loss of the double grinding shafts can be supplemented, therefore, the double grinding shafts must be started up to reach the rated rotating speed to allow feeding, otherwise, the double grinding shafts are locked and cannot be started. Fourthly, the processing and manufacturing processes of the roll and the double grinding shafts are completely different, the manufacturing process of the grinding roll is to wrap a layer of wear-resistant steel lining on the outer surface of a steel cylinder, and the grinding shafts are processed and manufactured on a precision lathe completely according to the process requirements of the wear-resistant steel shafts. Fifth, the double grinding shafts usually need to pass through three or more layers of six-shaft double grinding shafts to finely grind the feed material of about one centimeter to hundreds of meshes to thousands of meshes, the twin-shaft grinding system mainly adopts multi-stage multi-layer grinding, and generally, more than eight layers of double grinding shafts are needed to grind the ore in series to gradually finely grind the ore in tens of millimeters to twenty millimeters to hundreds of meshes or thousands of meshes, which is quite different from the twin-shaft grinding system.

The working principle is as follows: adjusting the gap between the two grinding shafts in advance to enable the gap to reach the required mesh number of ore grinding, switching on a power supply, enabling a motor to work, driving the grinding shafts to rotate through a belt, enabling the two grinding shafts to rotate relatively, enabling the mineral aggregate to fall into a feeding box through a screen after the rated rotation speed is reached, firstly enabling the mineral aggregate to enter a crack of a first layer of the two grinding shafts, enabling the mineral aggregate particles to be punched and crushed by the grinding shafts rotating relatively at high speed to become relatively smaller mineral aggregate particles, enabling the mineral aggregate particles to flow into the crack of a second layer of the two grinding shafts along a cavity between lower blanking baffles, enabling the mineral aggregate particles to be punched and crushed by the grinding shafts rotating relatively at high speed again to become relatively smaller mineral aggregate particles, enabling the mineral aggregate particles to flow into the crack of a third layer of the two grinding shafts along the cavity between the lower blanking baffles, and repeating the steps until the crack of the two grinding shafts at the bottommost layer reaches the required powder fineness of the ore grinding, and finally, and finishing the grinding work.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the ore sand is punched by utilizing the double grinding shafts rotating at a relatively high speed, the double grinding shafts are almost in line contact with material powder, the double grinding shafts rotate relatively to generate a side shearing force which is labor-saving, ore particles are crushed and cleaved under the punching of the double grinding shafts rotating at the relatively high speed, and the crushed and cleaved finer ore particles directly fall down and cannot be continuously pressed and ground, so that the waste of electric energy due to repeated pressing and grinding is avoided, the two grinding shafts rotating relatively to each other are not in contact, the impact and the abrasion between grinding pieces are avoided, and the over-grinding phenomenon is avoided. The first main reason is that the grinding part is contacted with the ore and actually is a relatively large surface rather than a point and a line, so that the driving force is doubled, the mechanical energy loss is increased, and meanwhile, the load of transmission parts such as bearings, gears and the like is also increased, so that the service life of the grinding device is greatly shortened. The second main reason is that during the fine grinding of the ore, the accumulated powder has great fluidity and flows away under the stamping of the grinding part, and the mechanical energy and the kinetic energy of the grinding part mostly act on the grinding part and the lining plate, so that the energy is greatly wasted, and the mechanical damage of the grinding part is also caused. The third main reason is that a part of the punching kinetic energy of the grinding part is transferred to the opposite grinding part and the lining plate through the ore powder, and the generated heat energy and the sound energy are wasted. The fourth main reason is that the ore can not reach the fineness requirement in the first time when the grinding part is contacted with the ore, and the ground ore does not immediately separate from the grinding part, so the ore must be repeatedly pressed and ground, which is an important source of energy consumption, and the ball mill needs tens of minutes from feeding to discharging, and the vertical mill needs several minutes, but the invention only has a few milliseconds. The annual power consumption of grinding equipment such as a ball mill and the like accounts for 4 percent of the total electric quantity of China, the same mineral aggregate and the same processing capacity of a shaft mill have less than one tenth of the energy consumption of the ball mill, the comprehensive application and popularization of the invention can save hundreds of billions of DEG of electricity for the country every year, the powder mesh passing rate of the existing grinding equipment in China is only sixty to eighty percent actually, and the grading treatment is needed, so that the ore dressing effect is influenced, and the quality requirement of mineral products is reduced. The ball mill and the vertical mill generate a large amount of redundant heat in the ore grinding production process, the temperature of a powder temperature machine body which is not cooled by water vapor can exceed more than 200 ℃, the temperature is 100 ℃ even if the water vapor is used for cooling, the heat energy accounts for most of the energy consumption of the mill, the electric energy is wasted, and the temperature environment of equipment and powder operation is damaged. The invention can mix and grind ores, and simultaneously grind various different mineral aggregates finely, so that the mineral aggregates can be uniformly mixed during discharging, can be directly fired in a kiln, is particularly suitable for dry mixing and kiln entering in the cement industry, and saves a large amount of standard coal. The mechanical structure of the invention is stable and reliable, the weight of the equipment with the same treatment capacity is only one tenth of that of the ball mill, the working noise of the invention is less than 80 decibels and much less than 110 decibels of that of the ball mill, and the harm to the health of workers is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a double grinding shaft structure of a shaft grinder.

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a double grinding shaft of the shaft grinder.

Figure 3 is a schematic view of the angle of ore particles between the grinding axes.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a shaft mill frame.

FIG. 5 is a view showing the structure of the bearing holder and the nip adjusting device.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a feed box structure of a shaft mill

FIG. 7 is a view of the structure of the multi-layer double grinding shaft of the grinder.

FIG. 8 is a side view of a multi-layer grinding spindle combination drive.

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a multi-layer grinding shaft combined transmission mode of the shaft grinder.

FIG. 10 is a view of multiple sets of parallel structures of the shaft mill.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of sets of parallel transmission modes of the shaft mill.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a synchronous shaft mill.

Detailed Description

Example 1, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 6: the utility model provides a shaft mill is cabinet-shaped, generally there are four feet, 4 package shells on the frame of mill are exactly the rack shape, frame 4 adopts a plurality of thick square girder steels or steel sheet to make the combined frame, generally by four thicker square girder steels of size as perpendicular stand, a certain distance is apart from between four stands, with horizontal square girder steel and vertical square girder steel fastening connection, a fastening connection roof beam is the welding as usual, horizontal square girder steel and vertical square girder steel are exactly the crossbeam and the longeron of frame 4, the crossbeam is generally two beam structure, constitute the crossbeam with certain clearance side by side of a pair of square girder steel interval, its clearance can be used for the bearing fixing base 31 of activity grinding spindle 11 to do lateral shifting, and conveniently fasten with the bolt. If the frame 4 is higher, the upper layer and the lower layer must be fastened and connected by the transverse square steel beam and the longitudinal square steel beam at least, so as to meet the stable requirement of the frame 4 structure. A foot rest is arranged below the machine frame 4, generally four upright posts are used as the foot rest,

the double-grinding-shaft grinding machine is characterized in that a double-grinding shaft 1 is arranged between a front cross beam and a rear cross beam of a rack 4, the double-grinding shaft 1 is composed of two horizontal grinding shafts, the two horizontal grinding shafts are in a shaft rod shape and are generally made of materials with high hardness such as quenched steel, carbon steel, alloy steel and ceramics, the materials need to be machined into optical axes through a precision lathe, the two horizontal grinding shafts are axially parallel, a certain gap is formed between the grinding shafts, the gap is a crack 12 of the double-grinding shaft 1, the crack 12 of the double-grinding shaft 1 needs to be smaller than the average size of fed particles, and the included angle of the fed particles cannot be larger than the occlusion included angle between the two grinding shafts. The two end parts of the grinding shaft are thinner than the middle part, namely: the diameter of two ends of the grinding shaft is smaller than that of the middle section part, the shape of the grinding shaft is almost the same as that of the calendering roller, the two ends of the grinding shaft are matched with the bearings 3, the outer diameter of the bearings 3 is generally smaller than that of the middle section part of the grinding shaft, and therefore ore can be ground, otherwise, the crack is too large to achieve the fineness required by ore grinding. The bearing 3 is provided with a bearing fixing seat 31, the axle distance between the two bearing fixing seats 3 cannot be larger than the diameter of the middle section of the grinding shaft, the reason is as above, the bearing fixing seats 31 are arranged on the cross beams at the two sides of the frame, the two horizontal grinding shafts are arranged in parallel in the axial direction, the double grinding shafts 1 are generally required to be parallel to the horizon line, and thus the feeding flow rate is uniform.

As shown in fig. 3: the occlusion included angle is that when the included angle of ore particles falling between two grinding shafts is equal to or smaller than a certain specific angle, the relative rotation of the two grinding shafts generates a punching force larger than an upward lateral shearing force on the ore particles, at the moment, the ore particles are tightly occluded by the two grinding shafts, the ore particles can move downwards along with the grinding shafts and are crushed by extrusion, generally, the occlusion included angle of most types of ore particles is between 20 and 40 degrees, the friction coefficient of some types of ore particles and the surfaces of the grinding shafts is larger, the occlusion included angle is between 40 and 50 degrees, the size of the ore particles is smaller than the occlusion included angle, under the punching action, the ore particles cannot be extruded upwards by the lateral shearing force but are occluded by the two grinding shafts, and move downwards along with the grinding shafts rotating relative to each other and are crushed by punching, or the ore particles are smaller than the width of a crack and directly fall from the crack, if the included angle between the ore particles and the tangent lines of the two grinding shafts is larger than the occlusion, the ore particles are pushed up by the side shear forces and thus cannot be crushed by the grinding spindles, so that the above-mentioned requirement for the included angle of bite must be taken into account when designing the diameter of the grinding spindle and the width of the nip 12 between the two grinding spindles. Generally, the diameter of the two grinding shafts is 50 mm, the ore particles fed into the two grinding shafts can be 1 mm to 2 mm, and the number of discharging meshes of the two grinding shafts can be 15 meshes to 5000 meshes or more in one-step grinding.

As shown in fig. 1: the double-grinding shaft 1 comprises a fixed grinding shaft 10 and a movable grinding shaft 11, bearing fixing seats 31 at two ends of the fixed grinding shaft 10 are fixedly installed on cross beams at two sides of a rack 4 and cannot move, the bearing fixing seats 31 at two ends of the movable grinding shaft 11 are movably arranged on the cross beams at two sides of the rack 4 and can move transversely, a crack adjusting device 9 is arranged at the outer side of each bearing fixing seat 31 at two ends of the movable grinding shaft 11, the crack adjusting device 9 is matched with the bearing fixing seats 31 of the movable grinding shaft 11 for use, each crack adjusting device 9 comprises a fixing seat 91 and a rotating screw 92, the fixing seats 91 are fixed on the cross beams of the rack 4, and each rotating screw 92 comprises a rotating head, a shaft rod part and a screw part, wherein the shaft rod part is matched with the fixing seat 91, and scales are arranged on the rotating head.

Bearing fixing base 31 the foreign side in circle, constitute by two interior semicircular liners, have the bolt hole, can screw up and dismantle, or the closure mode, one end has the loose axle to connect, and the other end is fixed with the bolt there is the screw hole one side of bearing fixing base 31, the screw hole uses with the screw part cooperation of rotatory screw rod, is transverse motion bearing fixing base 31 is interior to be surveyed, is provided with dust seal, prevents that the mineral aggregate dust from getting into the bearing, on the dust seal disc or be provided with a plurality of blades, grind the high-speed rotation of axle, dust seal 14 is also rotatory at a high speed thereupon, and the blade of high-speed rotation produces centrifugal cyclone, prevents that the mineral aggregate dust from getting into in the bearing 3.

An elastic retaining device can be installed on one side of the bearing fixing seat 31, the elastic retaining device generally adopts a pressure spring matched with the limit load of the grinding shaft, the bearing fixing seat 31 on which the retaining device is installed cannot be fixed, a certain transverse moving distance is reserved, and the distance is generally less than one centimeter. The purpose of installing the retaining device is that when tough materials which are difficult to crush iron fall into the double-grinding shaft 1, the pressure spring can automatically yield larger pressure, retract and expand the width of the crack 12, and the tough materials can pass through. The common grinding materials are deironing through the deironing device, most iron materials can be removed by the deironing device, few iron impurities which are not magnetized can be flattened by the double grinding shafts 1 rotating at high speed, the kinetic energy of the high-speed rotation of the grinding shafts is large, the size of common feeding particles is several millimeters, the kinetic energy stored by the high-speed rotation of the double grinding shafts 1 is enough to flatten iron particles of several millimeters, but harder alloy steel can damage the grinding shafts.

The theory of operation of crack adjusting device 9, when needs are adjusted 200 meshes crack 12 width to 300 meshes, loosen earlier with the bottom bolt of activity mill spindle 111 complex bearing fixing base 31, clockwise wrench movement rotatory screw rod 92, have the scale on the rotating head circumference, confirm the yardstick according to the scale, do not have the scale, use the crack board chi, put the crack board chi between two bearing fixing bases 31, wrench movement rotatory screw rod 92 is until pressing from both sides the crack board chi, but tighten the bottom bolt of movable bearing housing 31. When the width of the 200-mesh crack 12 needs to be adjusted to 100 meshes, the bottom bolt of the movable bearing fixing seat 31 is loosened firstly, the rotating screw 92 is twisted anticlockwise, scales are arranged on the circumference of the rotating head, the scale is determined according to the scales, and the crack board ruler is used without scales, the crack board ruler is placed between the movable bearing fixing seat 31 and the fixing seat 91, the rotating screw 92 is twisted until the crack board ruler is clamped, and the bottom bolt of the movable bearing fixing seat 31 is screwed down.

In the double grinding shafts 1, one end of at least one grinding shaft is connected with a transmission device 5, the transmission device 5 is connected with a motor 2, the transmission device is generally a combination of a transmission belt and a belt wheel, the transmission belt and the belt wheel are convenient to adjust the distance, a gear set is adopted in special cases, the gear set is inconvenient to adjust the width of the gap 12, the gear set is generally used for the double grinding shafts 1 with the fixed width of the gap 12, and the width of the gap 12 can also be adjusted by replacing and synchronizing the gear. In general, in the double grinding shaft 1, the fixed grinding shaft 10 and the movable grinding shaft 11 are preferably connected with the transmission device 5 and the motor 2, so that the rotation and the stress of the two grinding shafts are balanced. The two grinding shafts are connected with the transmission device 5 and the motor 2, generally, one end of one grinding shaft is connected with the transmission device 5, the other end of the other grinding shaft is connected with the transmission device 5, the transmission devices 5 are not all in the same place, one end of the grinding shaft connected with the transmission device 5 is longer than the other end, otherwise, the diameter of the transmission device 5 is too large, the transmission device 5 conflicts with the shaft rod of the grinding shaft, and one side of the transmission device 5 connected with the grinding shaft is suitable.

The relative synchronous rotation between the two grinding shafts can be realized by respectively connecting the motor 2 and the transmission device 5 with the same power and the same rotating speed. A synchronous gear can also be connected at one end of the grinding shaft, and the relative synchronous rotation of the two grinding shafts is realized by one motor 2 and a transmission device 5, but the width of the crack 12 is not convenient to adjust by gear transmission. Typically for a double grinding spindle 1 with a fixed width of the nip 12. The relative differential rotation between the two grinding shafts is realized by using motors with different models or different transmission ratios, and the relative differential rotation between the grinding shafts is favorable for removing viscous materials. In addition, as long as one of the two grinding shafts in the double-grinding shaft 1 is rotated by the motor and the other grinding shaft is driven by the extrusion of mineral aggregate particles, the relative rotation of the two grinding shafts can be realized.

Blanking baffle 7 be the rectangle pipeline of compriseing two positive panels and two side panels, set up along abrasive material whereabouts direction, the abrasive material that is used for guiding upper double-grinding axle 1 falls down, two side panels of blanking baffle 7 need to be opened there is the round hole, make two ends of grinding axle can pass through, blanking baffle and double-grinding axle 1 axial direction parallel, blanking baffle 7 hug closely double-grinding axle 1, blanking baffle 7 the material generally adopt plastic slab and rubber slab, or metal sheet, be provided with scraper blade or brush in blanking baffle 7, ensure that the mineral aggregate dust is not taken out by pivoted grinding axle to can clear away viscidity mineral aggregate.

The blanking baffle 7 is internally provided with a filter screen 71, the filter screen 71 is a grid type screen, the aperture of the screen hole of the filter screen 71 is equal to or smaller than the width of the crack 12 of the upper layer of the double grinding shaft 1, the aperture of the screen hole of the filter screen 71 is equal to or larger than the width of the crack 12 of the lower layer of the double grinding shaft 1, the filter screen 71 has the function of preventing impurities such as iron particles, plastics and wood chips which are not easy to crush from falling into the lower layer of the double grinding shaft 1, when the impurities such as the iron particles, the plastics and the wood chips pass through the upper layer of the double grinding shaft 1, the impurities are further crushed, and the size of the crushed impurities is larger than that of the screen hole of the filter screen 71, so that the impurities cannot pass through the filter screen 71, and an operator opens the blanking baffle 7 at certain time intervals according to actual conditions to clean.

Feeding case 6, including box 60, blanking hang plate 61 and feed inlet regulating plate 62, box 60 be the rectangle body, length direction and the 1 axial direction parallel of two grinding shafts, box 60 install in frame 4, the export below is the rectangle mouth, the crack 12 of two grinding shafts 1 is aimed at in the export, feed inlet department above-mentioned is provided with blanking hang plate 61 and feed inlet regulating plate 62, blanking hang plate 61 inclines certain angle, general slope 45 degrees is suitable to 70 degrees, feed inlet regulating plate 62 is the fly leaf, feed inlet regulating plate 62 is apart from certain clearance with blanking hang plate 61, the clearance be exactly the feed inlet of feeding case 6, adjust the clearance of feed inlet regulating plate 62 and blanking hang plate 61, can change feed inlet cross sectional area and feeding ore flow. The feed inlet adjustment plate is preferably inclined at an angle 29 to 30 such that excessive ore falling onto the blanking inclined plate flows towards the feed inlet adjustment plate 62, the inclined feed inlet adjustment plate 62 facilitating the flow of excess ore away. A screen 63 is arranged between the blanking inclined plate 61 and the feed inlet adjusting plate 62, the screen 63 is inclined at a certain angle, and the inclination is preferably 30-45 degrees, so that the mineral aggregate particles smaller than the screen holes can fall into the box body 60, and the mineral aggregate particles larger than the screen holes can flow out of the mill along the gradient.

Discharge gate 8 can be the export of lower floor blanking baffle 7, also can be the exit device of other types, like dustproof sack etc. discharge gate 8 is connected with powder wind-force conveying equipment, powder wind-force conveying equipment includes the dust catcher, and wind press and wind-force reposition of redundant personnel machine etc. the negative pressure that powder wind-force conveying equipment produced can be siphoned away the mineral aggregate dust that has ground fast, powder wind-force conveying equipment's export is provided with the wind-force classification case, the wind-force classification case is the barrel box shape, is provided with multistage mineral aggregate baffle in the incasement.

When the double-grinding-shaft feeding device works, the gap between the double grinding shafts 1 is adjusted in advance to enable the double grinding shafts to reach the mesh number required by grinding, if the width of a crack 12 is set to be 200 meshes, the power is switched on, the motor 2 works to drive the grinding shafts to rotate through a belt, the two grinding shafts rotate at a relatively high speed, after the rated speed is reached, mineral aggregate with the fineness of 2 millimeters falls into the feeding box 6 through the screen 15 and enters the crack 12 of the double grinding shafts 1, the mineral aggregate particles are punched and crushed by the grinding shafts rotating at a relatively high speed to form fine mineral aggregate powder with the size of 200 meshes, the fine mineral aggregate powder flows down along a cavity between the blanking baffles 7 below to reach the fineness required by grinding, and finally the fine aggregate powder is sucked away by powder wind conveying equipment or is conveyed away.

Example 2, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7, fig. 8 and fig. 9: the utility model provides a shaft mill is cabinet-shaped, generally there are four feet, 4 package shells on the frame of mill are exactly the rack shape, frame 4 adopts a plurality of thick square girder steels or steel sheet to make the combined frame, generally by four thicker square girder steels of size as perpendicular stand, a certain distance is apart from between four stands, with horizontal square girder steel and vertical square girder steel fastening connection, a fastening connection roof beam is the welding as usual, horizontal square girder steel and vertical square girder steel are exactly the crossbeam and the longeron of frame 4, the crossbeam is generally two beam structure, constitute the crossbeam with certain clearance side by side of a pair of square girder steel interval, its clearance can be used for the bearing fixing base 31 of activity grinding spindle 11 to do lateral shifting, and conveniently fasten with the bolt. If the frame 4 is higher, the upper layer and the lower layer must be fastened and connected by the transverse square steel beam and the longitudinal square steel beam at least, so as to meet the stable requirement of the frame 4 structure. A foot rest is arranged below the machine frame 4, generally four upright posts are used as the foot rest,

a plurality of layers of double grinding shafts 1 are sequentially arranged on a cross beam of a frame 4 from top to bottom, each double grinding shaft 1 is composed of two horizontal grinding shafts, the two horizontal grinding shafts are in a shaft rod shape and are generally made of materials with high hardness such as quenched steel, carbon steel, alloy steel, ceramics and the like, the materials need to be machined into an optical axis through a precision lathe, the two horizontal grinding shafts are axially parallel, a certain gap is formed between the grinding shafts, the gap is a crack 12 of the double grinding shafts 1, the crack 12 of the double grinding shafts 1 needs to be smaller than the average size of fed particles, but the included angle of the fed particles cannot be larger than the occlusion included angle between the two grinding shafts. The two end parts of the grinding shaft are thinner than the middle part, namely: the diameter of two ends of the grinding shaft is smaller than that of the middle section part, the shape of the grinding shaft is almost the same as that of the calendering roller, the two ends of the grinding shaft are matched with the bearings 3, the outer diameter of the bearings 3 is generally smaller than that of the middle section part of the grinding shaft, and therefore ore can be ground, otherwise, the crack is too large to achieve the fineness required by ore grinding. The bearing 3 is provided with a bearing fixing seat 31, the axle distance between the two bearing fixing seats 3 cannot be larger than the diameter of the middle section of the grinding shaft, the reason is as above, the bearing fixing seats 31 are arranged on the cross beams at the two sides of the frame, the two horizontal grinding shafts are arranged in parallel in the axial direction, the double grinding shafts 1 are generally required to be parallel to the horizon line, and thus the feeding flow rate is uniform.

Because the fineness of the fed mineral aggregate of most mineral aggregates is several millimeters or even dozens of millimeters, if one-time fine grinding is required to reach several hundred meshes, the diameter of a corresponding grinding shaft can exceed one meter, and the weight size is too large, a method of a multilayer double-grinding shaft 1 can be adopted, a grinding shaft with the diameter of 50 millimeters to 80 millimeters is used for grinding only once for 2 to 3 millimeters, and the mesh number of the technical requirement is reached after multiple layers of fine grinding, such as: the feeding mineral aggregate particles of the first layer of double grinding shafts are 8 mm, the width of the crack 12 is 5 mm, the discharging mineral aggregate particles are smaller than 5 mm, the feeding mineral aggregate particles of the second layer of double grinding shafts are 5 mm, the width of the crack 12 is 2 mm, the discharging mineral aggregate particles are smaller than 2 mm, finally, the feeding mineral aggregate particles of the third layer of double grinding shafts 1 are 2 mm, and the width range of the crack 12 can be arbitrarily finely ground and ultrafine ground below 1 mm to 1 micron.

The theory of operation of crack adjusting device 9, when needs are adjusted 200 mesh crack 12 width to 300 meshes, loosen earlier with activity mill axle 111 complex, the bottom bolt of movable bearing fixing base 31, clockwise wrench movement rotating screw 92, the scale has on the rotating head circumference, confirm the yardstick according to the scale, there is not the scale, use the crack board chi, put the crack board chi between two bearing fixing bases 31, wrench movement rotating screw 92 is until pressing from both sides the crack board chi, screw up the bottom bolt of movable bearing fixing base 31. When the width of the 200-mesh crack 12 needs to be adjusted to 100 meshes, the bottom bolt of the movable bearing fixing seat 31 is loosened firstly, the rotating screw 92 is twisted anticlockwise, scales are arranged on the circumference of the rotating head, the scale is determined according to the scales, and the crack board ruler is used without scales, the crack board ruler is placed between the movable bearing fixing seat 31 and the fixing seat 91, the rotating screw 92 is twisted until the crack board ruler is clamped, and the bottom bolt of the movable bearing fixing seat 31 is screwed down.

From top to bottom, the feeding flow rate of each upper layer of double grinding shafts 1 must be equal to or less than that of the next lower layer of double grinding shafts 1, so that the occurrence of material blockage is avoided, and therefore, the rotating speed of each layer of double grinding shafts 1 must be strictly designed. The linear speed of rotation of the grinding shaft 11 of the upper layer of double grinding shafts 1 must be greater than that of the next layer of double grinding shafts 1, and the rotational speed of the double grinding shafts 1 refers to the linear speed, not the angular speed, of the two grinding shafts rotating relative to each other.

When the double-grinding-shaft feeding device works, the gap between the double grinding shafts 1 is adjusted in advance to enable the gap to reach the mesh number required by grinding, if the fed ore particles are 6 mm, and the fineness of the discharged ore particles is 500 meshes, the width of a crack 12 of a first layer of the double grinding shafts 1 is 4 mm, the width of a crack 12 of a second layer of the double grinding shafts 1 is 2 mm, the width of a crack 12 of a third layer of the double grinding shafts 1 is 25 microns, a power supply is switched on, the motor 2 works to drive the grinding shafts to rotate through a belt, the two grinding shafts rotate relatively at high speed, after the rated rotating speed is reached, mineral materials fall into the feeding box 6 through the screen 15 and firstly enter the crack 12 of the first layer of the double grinding shafts 1, the mineral material particles are punched and crushed by the grinding shafts rotating relatively at high speed to become relatively smaller mineral material particles, the mineral material particles flow into the crack 12 of the second layer of the double grinding shafts 1 along a cavity between the lower baffle plates 7, and the mineral material particles, the particles become relatively smaller mineral aggregate particles, then flow into the crack 12 of the third layer double-grinding shaft 1 along the cavity between the blanking baffles 7 below to reach the 500-mesh powder fineness required by grinding, finish grinding work and finally are carried away by powder conveying equipment.

Example 3, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 10, and fig. 11: the utility model provides a superfine grinding shaft mill is cabinet-shaped, a shaft mill is cabinet-shaped, generally there are four feet, 4 wraps the shell in the frame of mill is exactly the rack-shaped, frame 4 adopts a plurality of thick square girder steel or steel sheet to make the composite frame, generally by four thicker square girder steel of size as vertical column, a certain distance apart between four stands, with horizontal square girder steel and vertical square girder steel fastening connection, the fastening connection is the welding generally, horizontal square girder steel and vertical square girder steel are the crossbeam and the longeron of frame 4, the crossbeam generally is the dual beam structure, constitute the crossbeam with certain clearance side by side of a pair of square girder steel interval, its clearance can be used to the bearing fixing base 31 of activity grinding shaft 11 and do lateral shifting, and conveniently fasten with the bolt. If the frame 4 is higher, the upper layer and the lower layer must be fastened and connected by the transverse square steel beam and the longitudinal square steel beam at least, so as to meet the stable requirement of the frame 4 structure. A foot rest is arranged below the machine frame 4, generally four upright posts are used as the foot rest,

a plurality of groups of double grinding shafts 1 are sequentially arranged on front and rear cross beams of a frame 4, each double grinding shaft 1 is composed of two horizontal grinding shafts, each horizontal grinding shaft is in a shaft rod shape, materials with high hardness such as quenched steel, carbon steel, alloy steel and ceramics are generally adopted, the two horizontal grinding shafts are machined into an optical axis through a precision lathe, the two horizontal grinding shafts are axially parallel, a certain gap is formed between the grinding shafts, the gap is a crack 12 of the double grinding shafts 1, the crack 12 of the double grinding shafts 1 is required to be smaller than the average size of fed particles, but the included angle of the fed particles cannot be larger than the occlusion included angle between the two grinding shafts. The two end parts of the grinding shaft are thinner than the middle part, namely: the diameter of two ends of the grinding shaft is smaller than that of the middle section part, the shape of the grinding shaft is almost the same as that of the calendering roller, the two ends of the grinding shaft are matched with the bearings 3, the outer diameter of the bearings 3 is generally smaller than that of the middle section part of the grinding shaft, and therefore ore can be ground, otherwise, the crack is too large to achieve the fineness required by ore grinding. The bearing 3 is provided with a bearing fixing seat 31, the axle distance between the two bearing fixing seats 3 cannot be larger than the diameter of the middle section of the grinding shaft, the reason is as above, the bearing fixing seats 31 are arranged on the cross beams at the two sides of the frame, the two horizontal grinding shafts are arranged in parallel in the axial direction, the double grinding shafts 1 are generally required to be parallel to the horizon line, and thus the feeding flow rate is uniform.

The parallel grinding system that a plurality of two grinding shafts 1 are constituteed is in frame 4, and the parallel grinding system that constitutes two grinding shafts 1 is provided with a plurality of two grinding shafts 1 to the flat bed, the power transmission mode of the parallel grinding system of two grinding shafts 1, including three kinds of connection forms, firstly every grinding shaft is through connecting transmission 5, transmission 5 reconnection motor 2, secondly every grinding shaft lug connection motor 2, three is a or two motor 2 and establishes ties a plurality of grinding shafts, carries out the mode of joint drive, as shown in fig. 10: the belt wheel and the belt of the transmission device 5 of the right motor 2 are connected with the belt wheel of the transmission device 5 of the fixed grinding shaft 10 adjacent to the double grinding shaft 1, and the belt wheel and the belt of the other transmission device 5 of the fixed grinding shaft 10 are connected with the belt wheel of the transmission device 5 of the other group of fixed grinding shafts 10. Similarly, the belt wheel and the belt of the transmission device 5 of the motor 2 on the left are connected with the belt wheel of the transmission device 5 of the movable grinding shaft 11 adjacent to the double grinding shaft 1, and the belt wheel and the belt of the other transmission device 5 of the movable grinding shaft 11 are connected with the belt wheel of the transmission device 5 of the other group of movable grinding shafts 11. This can reduce the number of motors 2.

When the double-grinding-shaft feeding device works, the gap between the double grinding shafts 1 is adjusted in advance to enable the double grinding shafts to reach the mesh number required by grinding, if the width of a crack 12 is set to be 200 meshes, the power is switched on, the motor 2 works to drive the grinding shafts to rotate through a belt, the two grinding shafts rotate at a relatively high speed, after the rated speed is reached, mineral aggregate with the fineness of 2 millimeters falls into the feeding box 6 through the screen 15 and enters the crack 12 of the double grinding shafts 1, the mineral aggregate particles are punched and crushed by the grinding shafts rotating at a relatively high speed to form fine mineral aggregate powder with the size of 200 meshes, the fine mineral aggregate powder flows down along a cavity between the blanking baffles 7 below to reach the powder with the fineness required by grinding, the grinding work is completed, and finally the mineral aggregate powder is sucked away.

Example 4, as shown in fig. 3, 6 and 12: a synchronous shaft mill is in a cabinet shape and generally comprises four legs, a frame 4 is made of a plurality of thick steel plates to form a cabinet-shaped frame, a plurality of layers of double grinding shafts 1 are sequentially arranged on the frame 4 from top to bottom, each double grinding shaft 1 consists of two horizontal grinding shafts, the two horizontal grinding shafts are in a shaft rod shape and are generally made of materials with high hardness, such as quenched steel, carbon steel, alloy steel, ceramics and the like, the materials are required to be machined into an optical axis by a precision lathe, the two horizontal grinding shafts are axially parallel, a certain gap is formed between the grinding shafts, the gap is a crack 12 of the double grinding shafts 1, the crack 12 of the double grinding shafts 1 is required to be smaller than the average size of fed particles, and the included angle of the fed particles cannot be larger than the occlusion included angle between the two grinding shafts. The two end parts of the grinding shaft are thinner than the middle part, namely: the diameter of two ends of the grinding shaft is smaller than that of the middle section part, the shape of the grinding shaft is almost the same as that of the calendering roller, the two ends of the grinding shaft are matched with the bearings 3, the outer diameter of the bearings 3 is generally smaller than that of the middle section part of the grinding shaft, and therefore ore can be ground, otherwise, the crack is too large to achieve the fineness required by ore grinding. The bearing 3 is provided with a bearing fixing seat 31, the axle distance between the two bearing fixing seats 3 cannot be larger than the diameter of the middle section of the grinding shaft, the reason is as above, the bearing fixing seats 31 are arranged on two sides of the frame, the two horizontal grinding shafts are arranged in parallel in the axial direction, the double grinding shafts 1 are generally required to be parallel to the horizon line, and thus the feeding flow rate is uniform.

The relative synchronous rotation between the two grinding shafts is realized by using a synchronous gear 21, one end of the cylinder of the two grinding shafts is connected with the synchronous gear 21, and the synchronous gears between the two grinding shafts are tightly meshed, so that the relative synchronous rotation of the two grinding shafts is realized by using a motor 2 and a transmission device 5.

The above-mentioned embodiments only represent several embodiments of the present invention, which are described in detail and concrete, but not to be understood as the limitation of the scope of the invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which falls into the scope of the invention, therefore, the scope of the invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a shaft mill, includes two grinding shaft (1), motor (2), bearing (3), frame (4), transmission (5), feeding case (6), blanking baffle (7), discharge gate (8), bearing fixing base (31), its characterized in that: in frame (4), be provided with a plurality of two grinding spindle (1), two grinding spindle (1) constitute by two flat grinding spindle that crouch, two flat grinding spindle that crouch are the axostylus axostyle shape, two flat grinding spindle that crouch are axially parallel, a certain clearance is apart from between two flat grinding spindle that crouch, the clearance be double grinding spindle (1) crack (12), two end part of grinding spindle is thinner than the middle section part, promptly: the diameter of two ends of the grinding shaft is smaller than that of the middle section part, the two ends of the grinding shaft are matched with bearings (3), the bearings (3) are matched with bearing fixing seats (31), the bearing fixing seats (31) are arranged on two sides of a rack (4), the double grinding shaft (1) is connected with a transmission device (5) or is directly connected with a motor (2), the transmission device (5) is connected with the end of a fixed grinding shaft (10), the transmission device (5) is connected with the end of a movable grinding shaft (11), the transmission device (5) is connected with the motor (2), the fixed grinding shaft (10) and the movable grinding shaft (11) rotate relatively, a feeding box (6) is arranged at the top end of the rack (4), a blanking baffle (7) is arranged below the double grinding shaft (1), and the blanking baffle (7) guides the grinding materials of the double grinding shaft (1) to fall down, there is discharge gate (8) under blanking baffle (7) of bottom, and the ore mill requires: the included angle of the ore particles falling into the crack (12) of the double grinding shafts (1) is smaller than the occlusion included angle.

2. A shaft mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: the double-grinding shaft (1) comprises a fixed grinding shaft (10) and a movable grinding shaft (11), bearing fixing seats (31) at two ends of the fixed grinding shaft (10) are fixedly arranged on cross beams at two sides of a rack (4), the bearing fixing seats (31) at two ends of the movable grinding shaft (11) are arranged on the cross beams at two sides of the rack (4), a crack adjusting device (9) is arranged at the outer side of the bearing fixing seats (31) at two ends of the movable grinding shaft (11), the crack adjusting device (9) is matched with the bearing fixing seats (31) of the movable grinding shaft (11) for use, the crack adjusting device (9) comprises a fixing seat (91) and a rotating screw rod (92), the fixing seat (91) is fixedly arranged on the cross beams at two sides of the rack (4), the rotating screw rod (92) comprises a rotating head, a shaft rod part and a screw part, wherein the shaft rod part is matched with the fixing seat (91), the rotary head is provided with scales.

3. A shaft mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the rack (4), from top to bottom, a plurality of layers of double grinding shafts (1) are sequentially horizontally arranged to form a grinding system of the multistage double grinding shafts (1), the number of the double grinding shafts (1) on the next layer is equal to or more than that of the double grinding shafts (1) on the previous layer, the width of a crack (12) of the double grinding shafts (1) is gradually reduced layer by layer according to the grinding requirement of the multilayer double grinding shafts (1), the width of the crack (12) of the multilayer double grinding shafts (1) is arranged above the double grinding shafts (1) with the relatively small width of the crack (12), and the double grinding shafts (1) with the relatively small width of the crack (12) are arranged below the double grinding shafts (1) with the relatively large width of the crack (12), namely: the width of a crack (12) of a first layer of double-grinding shaft (1) is larger than that of a crack (12) of a second layer of double-grinding shaft (1), the width of the crack (12) of the second layer of double-grinding shaft (1) is larger than that of the crack (12) of a third layer of double-grinding shaft (1), and so on, from top to bottom, the feeding flow rate of each upper layer of double-grinding shaft (1) must be equal to or smaller than that of the lower layer of double-grinding shaft (1).

4. A shaft mill according to claim 1 and claim 3, characterized in that: the multi-layer double-grinding-shaft (1) grinding system is characterized in that an upper grinding shaft and a lower grinding shaft are connected through a transmission device (5) to transmit rotating power, and the transmission device (5) comprises a transmission belt and a belt wheel or a gear combination.

5. A shaft mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: in frame (4), a plurality of two grinding axles (1) are horizontally arranged to form the parallelly connected grinding system of two grinding axles (1), the power transmission mode of the parallelly connected grinding system of two grinding axles (1) includes that one end or two ends of each grinding axle are provided with transmission (5), transmission (5) are connected with motor (2), or grinding axle lug connection motor (2), or transmission (5) of grinding axle one end is connected with motor (2), transmission (5) of the other end of grinding axle are connected with transmission (5) of the equidirectional grinding axle of another group of two grinding axles (1), and so on.

6. A shaft mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: blanking baffle (7) be the rectangle pipeline of compriseing two positive panels and two side panels, set up along abrasive material whereabouts direction, two side panels open and to have the round hole, grind two ends of the axle and pass through the round hole, blanking baffle (7) and two grinding axle (1) axial direction parallel, blanking baffle (7) hug closely two grinding axle (1) blanking baffle (7) in be provided with scraper blade or brush.

7. A shaft mill according to claim 1 and claim 6, characterized in that: the blanking baffle (7) is internally provided with a filter sieve (71), the filter sieve (71) is a grid sieve, the aperture of the sieve mesh of the filter sieve (71) is equal to or less than the width of the crack (12) of the upper layer of double grinding shafts (1), and the aperture of the sieve mesh of the filter sieve (71) is equal to or more than the width of the crack (12) of the lower layer of double grinding shafts (1).

8. A shaft mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: bearing fixing base (31) foreign side in circle, constitute by two interior semicircular liners, have the bolt hole, can screw up and dismantle, or the closure mode, one end has the loose axle to connect, and the other end is fixed with the bolt, bearing fixing base (31) for open-close type support cover one side of bearing fixing base (31) has the screw hole, the screw part cooperation of screw hole and rotatory screw rod (92) use, be transverse motion.

9. A shaft mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: feeding case (6) include box (60), blanking hang plate (61) and feed inlet regulating plate (62), box (60) be the cuboid, length direction and two grinding axle (11) axial direction parallel, box (60) install in frame (4), box (60) below export be the rectangle mouth, export the crack (12) of two grinding axle (1) the feed inlet department above box (60) be provided with blanking hang plate (61) and feed inlet regulating plate (62), blanking hang plate (61) slope certain angle blanking hang down blanking hang plate (61) and feed inlet regulating plate (62) between be provided with screen cloth (63), screen cloth (63) certain angle of net slope.

10. A shaft mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: frame (4) be the frame construction who makes up by a plurality of square steel beams, frame (4) be by four perpendicular square steel beams as the stand, at a distance of a certain distance between four stands, connect with many horizontal square steel beams of multilayer and vertical square steel beam fastening, frame (4) package have a shell, frame (4) be the rack shape.

11. A shaft mill according to claim 1 and claim 2, characterized in that: and a backstop device is arranged at the bearing fixing seat (31) at the two ends of the movable grinding shaft (11), and the backstop device is a pressure spring.

12. A shaft mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: the same end of the two grinding shafts is connected with a synchronous gear (21), and the synchronous gear (21) between the two horizontal grinding shafts is tightly meshed to form relative synchronous rotation of each double grinding shaft (1).