CN111999564A - Method and device for calculating internal dielectric constant value of cable accessory - Google Patents
Method and device for calculating internal dielectric constant value of cable accessory Download PDFInfo
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- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
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Abstract
The application provides a cable accessory internal dielectric constant value calculation method and a calculation device, which are applied to the cable accessory internal dielectric constant value calculation device, and are characterized in that the cable accessory internal dielectric constant value calculation device comprises an electrode array, at least two electrode pairs contained in the electrode array are arranged on the side surface of the cable accessory in a surrounding manner, and the method comprises the following steps: collecting capacitance values between each electrode pair of at least two electrode pairs; acquiring the coupling relation between the internal dielectric constant distribution corresponding to the cable accessory and the boundary capacitance information; and calculating the internal dielectric constant value of the cable accessory according to the coupling relation and the capacitance value between each electrode pair in the at least two electrode pairs. Therefore, the flexible electrode array arrangement mode is adopted, and the test and installation requirements of cable accessories with different voltage grades and different structures are met. The internal dielectric constant value of the cable accessory is calculated by a non-invasive, real-time, non-destructive inspection method. The realization process is simple, convenient and fast.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of power technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for calculating an internal dielectric constant value of a cable accessory.
Background
In a cable transmission system, cable accessories are important factors affecting the normal operation of the cable system. When the cable terminal is installed, an outer shielding layer of a section of cable must be stripped, so that the electric field distribution of the terminal is uneven, and a tangential electric field which is unfavorable for insulation is generated. In the prior art, the terminal electric field intensity can be controlled by adopting the stress cone, the electric field can be homogenized to a certain degree, and the electric field intensity at the cut-off position of the cable shielding layer is improved. The electric field distribution in the stress cone can be optimized by adjusting the thickness, the end curvature and the axial length of the stress cone, but the optimization effect is limited.
With the improvement of the performance of the insulating material, the composite material can also have the function of homogenizing the alternating current electric field distribution by changing the dielectric constant of the material, so that the aim of improving the terminal electric field distribution is fulfilled. However, it is currently impossible to measure the internal dielectric constant value of a cable accessory.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a method and a device for calculating an internal dielectric constant value of a cable accessory, which are used for solving the problem that the internal dielectric constant value of the cable accessory cannot be measured in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for calculating an internal dielectric constant value of a cable accessory, applied to an internal dielectric constant value calculation device of a cable accessory, where the internal dielectric constant value calculation device of a cable accessory includes an electrode array, and at least two electrode pairs included in the electrode array are disposed around a side surface of the cable accessory, and the method includes:
collecting capacitance values between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs;
acquiring the coupling relation between the internal dielectric constant distribution corresponding to the cable accessory and the boundary capacitance information;
and calculating the internal dielectric constant value of the cable accessory according to the coupling relation and the capacitance value between each electrode pair in the at least two electrode pairs.
Further, the internal dielectric constant value calculation device of the cable accessory further comprises a high voltage power supply connected to each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs, and before the step of acquiring a capacitance value between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs, the method further comprises:
the high-voltage power supply outputs alternating current to each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs;
the acquiring capacitance values between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs comprises:
acquiring a capacitance value between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs under the condition that the alternating current passes between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs.
Furthermore, at least two electrode pairs contained in the electrode array are arranged on the side surface of the inner wall or the side surface of the outer wall of the cable accessory in a surrounding mode.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides an internal permittivity value calculation device for a cable accessory, the internal permittivity value calculation device for a cable accessory including an electrode array, at least two electrode pairs included in the electrode array being disposed around a side surface of the cable accessory, the internal permittivity value calculation device for a cable accessory including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring capacitance values between each electrode pair in the at least two electrode pairs;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the coupling relation between the internal dielectric constant distribution corresponding to the cable accessory and the boundary capacitance information;
and the calculation module is used for calculating the internal dielectric constant value of the cable accessory according to the coupling relation and the capacitance value between each electrode pair in the at least two electrode pairs.
Further, the internal dielectric constant value calculation device of the cable accessory further comprises a high-voltage power supply connected with each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs;
the high-voltage power supply outputs alternating current to each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs;
the acquisition module is specifically configured to acquire a capacitance value between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs when the alternating current is passed between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs.
Furthermore, at least two electrode pairs contained in the electrode array are arranged on the side surface of the inner wall or the side surface of the outer wall of the cable accessory in a surrounding mode.
As can be seen from the foregoing technical solutions, an internal dielectric constant value calculation method and a calculation apparatus for a cable accessory according to an embodiment of the present invention include an electrode array, where at least two electrode pairs included in the electrode array are disposed around a side surface of the cable accessory, and the method includes: collecting capacitance values between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs; acquiring the coupling relation between the internal dielectric constant distribution corresponding to the cable accessory and the boundary capacitance information; and calculating the internal dielectric constant value of the cable accessory according to the coupling relation and the capacitance value between each electrode pair in the at least two electrode pairs. Therefore, the flexible electrode array arrangement mode is adopted, and the test and installation requirements of cable accessories with different voltage grades and different structures are met. The internal dielectric constant value of the cable accessory is calculated by a non-invasive, real-time, non-destructive inspection method. The realization process is simple, convenient and fast.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for calculating an internal dielectric constant value of a cable accessory according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electrode array provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of an apparatus for calculating an internal dielectric constant value of a cable accessory according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following examples do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. But merely as exemplifications of systems and methods consistent with certain aspects of the application, as recited in the claims.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for calculating an internal permittivity value of a cable accessory according to the present invention, applied to an internal permittivity value calculating apparatus of a cable accessory. The internal dielectric constant value calculation device of the cable accessory comprises an electrode array, wherein at least two electrode pairs contained in the electrode array are arranged on the side face of the cable accessory in a surrounding mode. As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the following steps:
In step 101, capacitance values between each electrode pair of at least two electrode pairs may be collected.
Different electrode arrays and electrode arrangements inside and outside the cable accessory can be designed aiming at the dielectric constant gradient cable accessory with different voltage grades. The method can adopt 8 groups of 24 Electrode Capacitance Tomography (ECT) sensors in an electrode rotation excitation measurement mode, the independent Capacitance measurement quantity is similar to that of a traditional 12-electrode ECT sensor, and the real-time imaging speed can be well guaranteed. Meanwhile, the measured capacitance value is large, the dynamic range is small, the design difficulty of a signal detection circuit is reduced, the measurement precision is improved, the balance of a sensitive field in a measurement area is improved, and the imaging quality of an object in the center of the field area is improved.
In an electric power system, the electric power system is divided into different voltage grades according to the voltage of a power transmission line, such as 35kV, 110kV, 220kV, 330kV, 500kV and the like, the shapes and the sizes of cable accessories in the different voltage grades are different, and specific analysis is needed during measurement.
The topological structure of the electrode array is the arrangement mode of the electrode array, and comprises the number, the size, the spatial position information and the like of the electrodes. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electrode array. The electrode array is composed of a plurality of electrodes, the electrodes are arranged around the inner wall of the cable accessory at equal intervals, and the electrodes are annularly, parallelly and orderly arranged on the inner wall of the cable accessory or are parallelly and crossly arranged.
Optionally, the internal dielectric constant value calculation device of the cable accessory further includes a high voltage power supply connected to each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs, and before the step of acquiring a capacitance value between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs, the method further includes:
the high-voltage power supply outputs alternating current to each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs;
the acquiring capacitance values between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs comprises:
acquiring a capacitance value between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs under the condition that the alternating current passes between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs.
It should be noted that the internal permittivity value calculation means of the cable accessory may further comprise a high voltage power supply connected to each of the at least two electrode pairs. The high voltage power supply may output an alternating current to each of the at least two electrode pairs. At this time, in the case where an alternating current is passed between each of the at least two electrode pairs, a capacitance value between each of the at least two electrode pairs may be acquired.
Knowing the dielectric constant distribution (x, y), calculating the potential distributionThen the induced charge Q on the electrode plate can be obtained according to the Gauss flux theorem, that is
In the formula, V is the potential difference between the two electrode plates, and D is the area of the electrode plate.
Can be obtained from the above analysisFurther, the discrete value of (d) is used instead of the continuous vector (x, y), and the capacitance value between the i-j electrode pair can be obtained according to the above expression.
And 102, acquiring the coupling relation between the internal dielectric constant distribution corresponding to the cable accessory and the boundary capacitance information.
In step 102, a coupling relationship between the internal permittivity distribution and the boundary capacitance information corresponding to the cable accessory can be obtained. The electrostatic field simulation can be performed by simulating Comsol software, corresponding geometric and material properties are established, and the coupling relationship (sensitive field matrix) is determined by calculating the relationship between the internal material properties and the boundary capacitance information.
The sensitive matrix algorithm is a dynamic imaging algorithm, so two groups of data in different states need to be acquired, and the steps of obtaining the dielectric constant distribution by adopting the sensitive matrix algorithm are as follows:
(1) and determining the geometric size and shape of the uniform field and subdividing.
The method comprises the steps of firstly modeling through finite element simulation software, establishing a model with the same structure as an actual measurement structure, and subdividing a grid, setting the cable accessory as a uniform material because the internal dielectric constant of the cable accessory is unknown, and then continuously adjusting and correcting material parameters through an algorithm until the measured value of the boundary capacitance is closer to a simulated value.
(2) A plurality of measurements of the potential distribution on the boundary electrode are made as data obtained by the measurement.
The capacitance values between different pairs of electrodes at the boundary are measured. The value is a reference value, and the simulation process is to continuously adjust the internal dielectric constant distribution so that the boundary capacitance obtained by simulation is close to the value.
(3) An initial dielectric constant distribution is set.
Because the internal dielectric constant of the structure to be measured is unknown, an initial value needs to be set in the simulation process, the initial dielectric constant is uniform, namely the dielectric constant of the homogeneous cable accessory, the initial boundary capacitance is obtained through simulation according to the initial dielectric constant distribution, then the difference between the capacitance and the actually measured capacitance is utilized and fed back to the adjustment of the dielectric constant value, and the iteration is carried out continuously, so that the real dielectric constant value is obtained.
(4) A coefficient matrix S (coupling relation) is calculated.
And calculating a sensitivity matrix between different electrodes according to potential distribution information obtained by finite element calculation while calculating the boundary capacitance, wherein the specific calculation formula is as follows:
where Sij (k) is the sensitivity distribution between electrodes i and j,0in order to have a dielectric constant in a vacuum,andpotential distribution at (x, y) when electrode i is an excitation electrode and j is an excitation electrode, respectively. V is the potential difference between the two electrodes.
(5) A new dielectric constant distribution of the field is obtained.
And according to the sensitivity matrix obtained by simulation, combining the difference between the boundary capacitance obtained by measurement and the boundary capacitance obtained by simulation, calculating the dielectric constant difference by utilizing a regularization algorithm, and adding the dielectric constant obtained by the last calculation to the difference to obtain a new dielectric constant.
The method for establishing the sensitive field in the numerical simulation mode is high in efficiency, can directly extract the sensitivity distribution in the field, and avoids the problems of low efficiency, poor precision and the like in the actual measurement process.
And 103, calculating an internal dielectric constant value of the cable accessory according to the coupling relation and the capacitance value between each electrode pair in the at least two electrode pairs.
In step 103, an internal dielectric constant value of the cable accessory can be calculated based on the coupling relationship and the capacitance value between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs.
And reconstructing dielectric constant distribution information of the internal space of the cable accessory according to the output capacitance distribution information by a high-performance regularized nonlinear inversion algorithm.
ΔC=SΔ
In the above formula, S is the sensitive field matrix (new dielectric constant distribution is obtained through the sensitive matrix), Δ C is the boundary capacitance information, and Δ is the internal dielectric constant value. In fact, the internal dielectric constant value is obtained by solving the above equation. However, the inversion process is serious in nonlinearity and cannot be directly inverted, so that a regularization algorithm is needed to ensure that a calculation result is relatively close to a true value.
The ECT inverse problem can be calculated by using a regularized Gauss-Newton algorithm, which comprises the following steps:
(1) setting an initial value of the regularization Gauss-Newton algorithm as a dielectric constant distribution value of a uniform field region, and calculating capacitance distribution on the boundary electrode;
(2) calculating a Jacobian matrix, and obtaining an iteration step length h through the following formulaTRGNAnd a new dielectric constant distribution:
where F () is the potential at the boundary electrode determined from the conventional dielectric constant distribution, and C is the measured value of the boundary capacitance, which is the dielectric constant distribution of the field to be measured. The mutual relation among the subdivision units can be represented by a modulation matrix R, and the construction rule of the matrix R is as follows: let R be an N matrix, with the number of elements of the finite element model being N. And alpha is a relaxation iteration coefficient.
(3) Solving the ECT positive problem to obtain capacitance on a lower boundary electrode of the permittivity distribution;
(4) the following expression is calculated and it is determined whether or not the result thereof meets the condition for the end of the algorithm. If yes, the iteration is ended, otherwise, the step (2) is returned.
Where f () is a function of the measured value of the boundary capacitance C with respect to the dielectric constant.
The dielectric constant value can be calculated according to the steps.
The nonlinearity of the electromagnetic inversion problem sensitive field can be approximately simulated by utilizing the nonlinearity of the regularization inversion algorithm, so that the high inversion precision can be achieved.
Optionally, at least two electrode pairs included in the electrode array are disposed around the inner wall side or the outer wall side of the cable accessory.
It should be noted that at least two electrode pairs included in the electrode array may be disposed around the inner wall side or the outer wall side of the cable accessory. The cable accessory is of a hollow structure and is divided into an inner side and an outer side, wherein the inner side is an inner side, and the outer side is an outer side.
As can be seen from the foregoing technical solutions, the internal permittivity value calculation method for a cable accessory provided in the embodiments of the present invention is applied to an internal permittivity value calculation device for a cable accessory, where the internal permittivity value calculation device for a cable accessory includes an electrode array, and at least two electrode pairs included in the electrode array are disposed around a side surface of the cable accessory, and the method includes: collecting capacitance values between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs; acquiring the coupling relation between the internal dielectric constant distribution corresponding to the cable accessory and the boundary capacitance information; and calculating the internal dielectric constant value of the cable accessory according to the coupling relation and the capacitance value between each electrode pair in the at least two electrode pairs. Therefore, the flexible electrode array arrangement mode is adopted, and the test and installation requirements of cable accessories with different voltage grades and different structures are met. The internal dielectric constant value of the cable accessory is calculated by a non-invasive, real-time, non-destructive inspection method. The realization process is simple, convenient and fast.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a block diagram of an internal permittivity value calculation apparatus of a cable accessory according to the present invention. The internal permittivity value calculation device 300 of the cable accessory includes an electrode array including at least two electrode pairs disposed around a side surface of the cable accessory. As shown in fig. 3, the internal dielectric constant value calculation apparatus 300 of the cable accessory includes an acquisition module 301, an acquisition module 302, and a calculation module 303, wherein:
an acquisition module 301, configured to acquire a capacitance value between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs;
an obtaining module 302, configured to obtain a coupling relationship between internal dielectric constant distribution and boundary capacitance information corresponding to the cable accessory;
a calculating module 303, configured to calculate an internal dielectric constant value of the cable accessory according to the coupling relationship and a capacitance value between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs.
Optionally, the internal dielectric constant value calculation device of the cable accessory further comprises a high-voltage power supply, and the high-voltage power supply is connected with each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs;
the high-voltage power supply outputs alternating current to each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs;
the acquisition module 301 is specifically configured to acquire a capacitance value between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs when the alternating current passes between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs.
Optionally, at least two electrode pairs included in the electrode array are disposed around the inner wall side or the outer wall side of the cable accessory.
The internal permittivity value calculation apparatus 300 of the cable accessory can implement each process implemented by the internal permittivity value calculation apparatus of the cable accessory in the method embodiment of fig. 1, and is not described herein again to avoid repetition. And the internal dielectric constant value calculation device 300 of the cable accessory can realize the adoption of a flexible electrode array arrangement mode, and meet the test and installation requirements of cable accessories with different voltage grades and different structures. The internal dielectric constant value of the cable accessory is calculated by a non-invasive, real-time, non-destructive inspection method. The realization process is simple, convenient and fast.
The embodiments provided in the present application are only a few examples of the general concept of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application. Any other embodiments extended according to the scheme of the present application without inventive efforts will be within the scope of protection of the present application for a person skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. A method for calculating an internal dielectric constant value of a cable accessory is applied to an internal dielectric constant calculating device of the cable accessory, and is characterized in that the internal dielectric constant calculating device of the cable accessory comprises an electrode array, at least two electrode pairs contained in the electrode array are arranged on the side face of the cable accessory in a surrounding mode, and the method comprises the following steps:
collecting capacitance values between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs;
acquiring the coupling relation between the internal dielectric constant distribution corresponding to the cable accessory and the boundary capacitance information;
and calculating the internal dielectric constant value of the cable accessory according to the coupling relation and the capacitance value between each electrode pair in the at least two electrode pairs.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the internal permittivity calculation means of the cable accessory further comprises a high voltage power supply connected to each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs, the method further comprising, prior to the step of acquiring a capacitance value between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs:
the high-voltage power supply outputs alternating current to each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs;
the acquiring capacitance values between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs comprises:
acquiring a capacitance value between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs under the condition that the alternating current passes between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the electrode array comprises at least two electrode pairs disposed around the inner wall side or the outer wall side of the cable accessory.
4. An internal dielectric constant calculation device of an electrical cable accessory, the internal dielectric constant calculation device of the electrical cable accessory comprising an electrode array, at least two electrode pairs included in the electrode array being disposed around a side surface of the electrical cable accessory, the internal dielectric constant calculation device of the electrical cable accessory comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring capacitance values between each electrode pair in the at least two electrode pairs;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the coupling relation between the internal dielectric constant distribution corresponding to the cable accessory and the boundary capacitance information;
and the calculation module is used for calculating the internal dielectric constant value of the cable accessory according to the coupling relation and the capacitance value between each electrode pair in the at least two electrode pairs.
5. The electrical cable accessory internal permittivity calculation device of claim 4, further comprising a high voltage power supply connected to each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs;
the high-voltage power supply outputs alternating current to each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs;
the acquisition module is specifically configured to acquire a capacitance value between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs when the alternating current is passed between each electrode pair of the at least two electrode pairs.
6. The apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the electrode array comprises at least two electrode pairs disposed around the inner wall side or the outer wall side of the cable accessory.
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