CN111997130A

CN111997130A - Ditch mud dredging weeding equipment for hydraulic engineering

Info

Publication number: CN111997130A
Application number: CN202010942026.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谭霞福
Original assignee: Hangzhou Fuyang Xuanxing Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Fuyang Xuanxing Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-09
Filing date: 2020-09-09
Publication date: 2020-11-27

Abstract

The invention discloses canal dredging and weeding equipment for hydraulic engineering, which comprises a main body, wherein a power cavity with a downward opening is arranged in the main body, two guide rods are fixedly connected in front of the front inner side wall and the rear inner side wall of the power cavity, the two guide rods are placed in front and at the back, a sliding block is arranged on each guide rod in a sliding manner, an internal tooth-shaped cavity is arranged in each sliding block, and the internal tooth-shaped cavity is positioned between the two guide rods; the invention crushes the sludge and the waterweeds in the canal by the cutting knife, then sucks the crushed sludge and the waterweeds through the absorption tube and sprays the crushed sludge and the crushed waterweeds onto the ground beside the canal through the spray head to apply the soil beside the canal, so that crops in the soil can obtain sufficient nutrition; the transmission shaft is driven to rotate by the synchronous chain, so that the transmission shaft does not break off from the transmission between the synchronous chain while moving back and forth, and the stability of power output of the equipment is further ensured.

Description

Ditch mud dredging weeding equipment for hydraulic engineering

Technical Field

The invention relates to the related field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a water channel mud dredging and weeding device for hydraulic engineering.

Background

Silt in the ditch contains a large amount of nutrient composition, does not salvage silt for a long time, will generate a large amount of pasture and water, makes the ditch take place the phenomenon of jam in the long term for the ditch can not normally be discharged water, thereby influences the irrigation and the drainage work in follow-up whole farmland, and the rainy season makes the crops next to the ditch suffer the flooding of water, and the dry season makes the crops next to the ditch can not obtain due irrigation, and then can take place the consequence that can't estimate.

The invention discloses canal dredging and weeding equipment for hydraulic engineering, which can solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the embodiment designs a canal mud digging and weeding device for hydraulic engineering, which comprises a main body, wherein a power cavity with a downward opening is arranged in the main body, two guide rods are fixedly connected with the front inner side wall of the power cavity and the rear inner side wall of the power cavity and are placed in front of and behind the guide rods, a sliding block is arranged on each guide rod in a sliding manner, an inner tooth-shaped cavity is arranged in each sliding block and is positioned between the two guide rods, a transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the upper side of the inner tooth-shaped cavity and extends upwards to the upper side of each sliding block, a linkage gear is fixedly connected to one end of each transmission shaft in the inner tooth-shaped cavity, two planet gears are symmetrically arranged in the inner tooth-shaped cavity relative to the linkage gear, the planet gears are meshed with the linkage gear, and, an annular guide groove is formed in the inner wall of the upper side of the internal tooth-shaped cavity, an engagement hole with a downward opening is formed in the inner wall of the lower side of the internal tooth-shaped cavity in a communicating mode, linkage rods are fixedly connected into the two planetary gears, extend upwards into the annular guide groove and are in sliding fit with the annular guide groove, the linkage rods extend downwards to extend through the engagement hole to the inside of the power cavity, cutting knives are fixedly connected to one ends of the two linkage rods in the power cavity, and the two cutting knives extend downwards to the lower side of the main body; a mud suction pump is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the sliding block and is positioned on the right side of the transmission shaft, an absorption pipe is arranged in the sliding block and is positioned on the right side of the internal tooth-shaped cavity, the absorption pipe extends upwards and is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the mud suction pump, and the absorption pipe extends downwards to the lower side of the main body; a relay pipe is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the upper side of the power cavity, the relay pipe is connected with the dredge pump through a hose, the relay pipe extends upwards to the upper side of the main body, and a spray head is fixedly connected to the upper end of the relay pipe; two wheel shafts are rotatably connected between the front inner side wall and the rear inner side wall of the power cavity, inner spline cavities which are communicated from front to back are arranged in the two wheel shafts, two connecting shafts are in spline connection in the two inner spline cavities, the two connecting shafts in the two inner spline cavities are placed in front and back, the two connecting shafts on the rear side extend to the rear side of the main body, the two connecting shafts on the front side extend to the front side of the main body, and wheels are fixedly connected to the extending tail ends of the two connecting shafts; the transmission shaft rotates, and then drives planetary gear through the linkage gear and rotates, and then drives planetary gear through the gangbar and rotates and smash silt and pasture and water, and then the dredge pump inhales silt and pasture and water after will smashing through the absorption tube, and then carries to the relay pipe in through the hose, and then spouts subaerial to the next door through the shower nozzle.

Beneficially, a motor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rear side of the power cavity, a power output shaft is dynamically connected to the front end face of the motor, a driving belt pulley and a driving bevel gear are fixedly connected to the power output shaft, the driving bevel gear is located on the front side of the driving belt pulley, a driven belt pulley is fixedly connected to the wheel axle on the left side, and the driven belt pulley is connected with the driving belt pulley through a synchronous belt; a synchronizing shaft and a positioning shaft are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the upper side of the power cavity, the synchronizing shaft is positioned on the rear side of the positioning shaft, a driving chain wheel and a driven bevel gear are fixedly connected to the synchronizing shaft, the driving chain wheel is positioned on the upper side of the driven bevel gear, the driven bevel gear is meshed with the driving bevel gear, a driven chain wheel is fixedly connected to the lower end of the positioning shaft, and the driven chain wheel is connected with the driving chain wheel through a synchronizing chain; the motor is started, the driving belt pulley is driven to rotate through the power output shaft, the driven belt pulley is driven to rotate through the synchronous belt, the connecting shaft is driven to rotate through the wheel shaft, the wheel is driven to rotate, and therefore the equipment is enabled to move.

Beneficially, a supporting shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the right side of the power cavity, a synchronous bevel gear is fixedly connected to the left end of the supporting shaft, a relay bevel gear is fixedly connected to the wheel axle on the right side, the relay bevel gear is meshed with the synchronous bevel gear, a connecting handle is rotatably connected to the left end face of the synchronous bevel gear, a connecting rod is rotatably connected to the connecting handle, a matching handle is fixedly connected to the end face of the sliding block, and the matching handle is rotatably connected to the free end of the connecting rod; the axletree rotates, and then drives synchronous bevel gear through relay bevel gear and rotates, and then drives the connecting rod through linking the handle and drive, and then drives the sliding block through the cooperation handle and slides along the guide bar.

Beneficially, one end of the transmission shaft, which is located at the upper side of the sliding block, is fixedly connected with a linkage sprocket and a linkage bevel gear, the linkage sprocket is located at the upper side of the linkage bevel gear, the end surface of the left side of the dredge pump is in power connection with a power input shaft, the left end of the power input shaft is fixedly connected with a linking bevel gear, the linking bevel gear is meshed with the linkage bevel gear, and the linkage sprocket is located at the right side of the synchronous chain and meshed with the synchronous chain; the synchronous chain rotates, and then drives the transmission shaft to rotate through the linkage chain wheel, and then drives the linking bevel gear to rotate through the linkage bevel gear, and then drives the suction dredge to start through the power input shaft.

Beneficially, a guide groove with an upward opening is formed in the inner wall of the upper side of the power cavity in a communicated mode, the guide groove is located on the upper side of the transmission shaft, a linkage slide rod is arranged in the guide groove in a sliding mode, the linkage slide rod extends downwards and is connected to the upper end of the transmission shaft in a rotating mode, a sliding rack is fixedly connected to the upper end of the linkage slide rod and abuts against the upper end face of the main body, a swing gear is fixedly connected to the relay pipe and is located on the lower side of the spray head and abuts against the upper end face of the main body, and the sliding rack is meshed with the swing; the transmission shaft slides, and then drives the slip rack to slide through the linkage slide bar, and then drives the swing gear through the slip rack and rotates, and then drives the shower nozzle through the relay pipe and rotates.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention crushes the sludge and the waterweeds in the canal by the cutting knife, then sucks the crushed sludge and the waterweeds through the absorption tube and sprays the crushed sludge and the crushed waterweeds onto the ground beside the canal through the spray head to apply the soil beside the canal, so that crops in the soil can obtain sufficient nutrition; the transmission shaft is driven to rotate by the synchronous chain, so that the transmission shaft does not break off from the transmission between the synchronous chain while moving back and forth, and the stability of power output of the equipment is further ensured.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall construction of a canal dredging and weeding apparatus for hydraulic engineering according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of C-C in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of D-D of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of E-E in FIG. 1.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 6, for the sake of convenience of description, the following orientations are now defined: the up, down, left, right, and front-back directions described below correspond to the up, down, left, right, and front-back directions in the projection relationship of fig. 1 itself.

The invention relates to canal dredging and weeding equipment for hydraulic engineering, which comprises a main body 11, wherein a power cavity 12 with a downward opening is arranged in the main body 11, two guide rods 16 are fixedly connected in front of the front inner side wall and the rear inner side wall of the power cavity 12, the two guide rods 16 are placed in front of and behind, a sliding block 15 is arranged on each guide rod 16 in a sliding manner, an internal tooth cavity 26 is arranged in each sliding block 15, the internal tooth cavity 26 is positioned between the two guide rods 16, a transmission shaft 32 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the upper side of the internal tooth cavity 26, the transmission shaft 32 extends upwards to the upper side of the sliding block 15, one end of the transmission shaft 32 in the internal tooth cavity 26 is fixedly connected with a linkage gear 25, two planet gears 23 are symmetrically arranged in the internal tooth cavity 26 relative to the linkage gear 25, the planet gears 23 are meshed with the linkage gear 25, and the planet gears 23 are, an annular guide groove 57 is formed in the inner wall of the upper side of the internal tooth-shaped cavity 26, an engagement hole 24 with a downward opening is formed in the inner wall of the lower side of the internal tooth-shaped cavity 26 in a communicating manner, linkage rods 21 are fixedly connected to the two planetary gears 23, the linkage rods 21 extend upwards into the annular guide groove 57 and are in sliding fit with the annular guide groove 57, the linkage rods 21 extend downwards to extend through the engagement hole 24 to the power cavity 12, cutting knives 22 are fixedly connected to one ends of the two linkage rods 21 in the power cavity 12, and the two cutting knives 22 extend downwards to the lower side of the main body 11; a mud suction pump 31 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the sliding block 15, the mud suction pump 31 is located on the right side of the transmission shaft 32, an absorption pipe 27 is arranged in the sliding block 15, the absorption pipe 27 is located on the right side of the internal tooth-shaped cavity 26, the absorption pipe 27 extends upwards and is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the mud suction pump 31, and the absorption pipe 27 extends downwards to the lower side of the main body 11; a relay pipe 35 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the upper side of the power cavity 12, the relay pipe 35 is connected with the dredge pump 31 through a hose 33, the relay pipe 35 extends upwards to the upper side of the main body 11, and a spray head 37 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the relay pipe 35; two wheel shafts 18 are rotatably connected between the front inner side wall and the rear inner side wall of the power cavity 12, inner spline cavities 19 which are communicated from front to back are formed in the two wheel shafts 18, two connecting shafts 50 are connected in the two inner spline cavities 19 in a spline mode, the two connecting shafts 50 in the two inner spline cavities 19 are placed in front and back, the two connecting shafts 50 on the rear side extend backwards to the rear side of the main body 11, the two connecting shafts 50 on the front side extend backwards to the front side of the main body 11, and wheels 20 are fixedly connected to the extending tail ends of the two connecting shafts 50; the transmission shaft 32 rotates, the linkage gear 25 drives the planetary gear 23 to rotate, the linkage rod 21 drives the planetary gear 23 to rotate to crush the sludge and the aquatic weeds, the suction pump 31 sucks the crushed sludge and the crushed aquatic weeds through the absorption pipe 27, the crushed sludge and the crushed aquatic weeds are conveyed into the relay pipe 35 through the hose 33, and the crushed sludge and the crushed aquatic weeds are sprayed to the ground beside the relay pipe through the spray head 37.

Beneficially, a motor 48 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rear side of the power cavity 12, a power output shaft 47 is dynamically connected to the front end face of the motor 48, a driving pulley 49 and a driving bevel gear 13 are fixedly connected to the power output shaft 47, the driving bevel gear 13 is located at the front side of the driving pulley 49, a driven pulley 17 is fixedly connected to the left wheel axle 18, and the driven pulley 17 is connected to the driving pulley 49 through a synchronous belt 14; a synchronizing shaft 42 and a positioning shaft 45 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the upper side of the power cavity 12, the synchronizing shaft 42 is located on the rear side of the positioning shaft 45, a driving sprocket 41 and a driven bevel gear 43 are fixedly connected to the synchronizing shaft 42, the driving sprocket 41 is located on the upper side of the driven bevel gear 43, the driven bevel gear 43 is meshed with the driving bevel gear 13, a driven sprocket 46 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the positioning shaft 45, and the driven sprocket 46 is connected with the driving sprocket 41 through a synchronous chain 44; the motor 48 is started, and then the driving pulley 49 is driven to rotate through the power output shaft 47, and then the driven pulley 17 is driven to rotate through the synchronous belt 14, and then the connecting shaft 50 is driven to rotate through the wheel shaft 18, and then the wheel 20 is driven to rotate, so that the device moves.

Beneficially, a supporting shaft 52 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the right side of the power cavity 12, a synchronous bevel gear 51 is fixedly connected to the left end of the supporting shaft 52, a relay bevel gear 56 is fixedly connected to the wheel axle 18 on the right side, the relay bevel gear 56 is meshed with the synchronous bevel gear 51, an engaging handle 53 is rotatably connected to the left end face of the synchronous bevel gear 51, a connecting rod 54 is rotatably connected to the engaging handle 53, a matching handle 55 is fixedly connected to the end face of the sliding block 15, and the matching handle 55 is rotatably connected to the free end of the connecting rod 54; the wheel shaft 18 rotates, and the bevel gear shaft 51 rotates via the bevel gear 56, and the connecting rod 54 via the connecting rod 53, and the slide block 15 slides along the guide bar 16 via the engaging rod 55.

Beneficially, a linkage sprocket 34 and a linkage bevel gear 28 are fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft 32 on the upper side of the sliding block 15, the linkage sprocket 34 is located on the upper side of the linkage bevel gear 28, a power input shaft 30 is dynamically connected to the left end surface of the dredge pump 31, an engagement bevel gear 29 is fixedly connected to the left end of the power input shaft 30, the engagement bevel gear 29 is engaged with the linkage bevel gear 28, and the linkage sprocket 34 is located on the right side of the synchronization chain 44 and is engaged with the synchronization chain 44; the timing chain 44 rotates to drive the transmission shaft 32 to rotate through the link sprocket 34, and further drives the engaging bevel gear 29 to rotate through the link bevel gear 28, and further drives the suction pump 31 to start through the power input shaft 30.

Beneficially, a guide groove 40 with an upward opening is formed in an inner wall of the upper side of the power cavity 12 in a communicating manner, the guide groove 40 is located on the upper side of the transmission shaft 32, a linkage slide rod 38 is slidably disposed in the guide groove 40, the linkage slide rod 38 extends downward and is rotatably connected to the upper end of the transmission shaft 32, a sliding rack 39 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the linkage slide rod 38, the sliding rack 39 abuts against the upper end surface of the main body 11, a swing gear 36 is fixedly connected to the relay pipe 35, the swing gear 36 is located on the lower side of the spray head 37 and abuts against the upper end surface of the main body 11, and the sliding rack 39 is engaged with the swing gear 36; the transmission shaft 32 slides, and then the sliding rack 39 slides through the linkage sliding rod 38, and then the swinging gear 36 rotates through the sliding rack 39, and further the nozzle 37 rotates through the relay pipe 35.

The steps of using a hydraulic engineering canal dredging and weeding apparatus according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 6: initially, the adapter shaft 50 is fully seated within the internal spline cavity 19.

The distance between the front and rear wheels is adjusted by the sliding connecting shaft 50, so that the equipment can operate the water channels with different widths.

The apparatus is placed on the canal and the motor 48 is activated, which in turn drives the drive pulley 49 through the power take-off shaft 47, the driven belt pulley 17 is driven to rotate by the synchronous belt 14, the left connecting shaft 50 is driven to rotate by the left wheel axle 18, thereby driving the left two wheels 20 to rotate, further realizing the movement of the equipment, driving the drive bevel gear 13 to rotate while the power output shaft 47 rotates, thereby driving the driving sprocket 41 to rotate through the synchronous shaft 42, further driving the synchronous chain 44 to rotate, the transmission shaft 32 is driven to rotate by the linkage chain wheel 34, and the planet gear 23 is driven to rotate by the linkage gear 25, thereby driving the cutting knife 22 to rotate through the linkage rod 21, simultaneously leading the planet gear 23 to rotate along the inner circular side wall of the internal tooth cavity 26, the cutter 22 revolves around the linkage gear 25 while rotating, so that sludge and waterweeds are removed more effectively; the transmission shaft 32 rotates and simultaneously drives the engaging bevel gear 29 to rotate through the linkage bevel gear 28, then the power input shaft 30 drives the suction dredge pump 31 to start, and then the crushed sludge and waterweeds are sucked into the suction dredge pump 31 through the absorption pipe 27 and then conveyed into the relay pipe 35 through the hose 33, and then sprayed onto the nearby ground through the spray head 37; the device drives the two right wheels 20 to rotate while moving, further drives the right wheel axle 18 to rotate through the right connecting shaft 50, further drives the synchronous bevel gear 51 to rotate through the relay bevel gear 56, further drives the connecting rod 54 to drive through the connecting handle 53, further drives the sliding block 15 to slide along the guide rod 16 in a reciprocating manner through the matching handle 55, and further enables the cutting knife 22 to move in a reciprocating manner, so that the removal work of a larger area is realized; the sliding block 15 reciprocates back and forth and drives the transmission shaft 32 to reciprocate back and forth at the same time, so that the sliding rack 39 is driven by the linkage sliding rod 38 to reciprocate back and forth along the guide groove 40, the swinging gear 36 is driven to rotate, and the spray head 37 is driven by the relay pipe 35 to swing back and forth, so that the crushed sludge and the waterweeds are uniformly sprayed on the left side of the advancing direction of the equipment; after the purge is completed, the motor 48 is stopped and the apparatus is returned to its initial state.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a ditch equipment of weeding of dredging for hydraulic engineering, includes the main part, its characterized in that: the power cavity with a downward opening is arranged in the main body, two guide rods are fixedly connected with the front inner side wall and the rear inner side wall of the power cavity, the two guide rods are placed in front and back, sliding blocks are arranged on the guide rods in a sliding mode, inner tooth-shaped cavities are arranged in the sliding blocks and located between the two guide rods, transmission shafts are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the upper side of each inner tooth-shaped cavity, the transmission shafts extend upwards to the upper sides of the sliding blocks, linkage gears are fixedly connected to one ends of the transmission shafts in the inner tooth-shaped cavities, two planetary gears are symmetrically arranged in the inner tooth-shaped cavities relative to the linkage gears and are meshed with the linkage gears, the planetary gears are meshed with the inner circular side walls of the inner tooth-shaped cavities, annular guide grooves are formed in the inner wall of the upper side of the inner tooth-, linkage rods are fixedly connected in the two planetary gears, extend upwards into the annular guide grooves and are in sliding fit with the annular guide grooves, extend downwards through the connecting holes to the power cavity, cutting knives are fixedly connected at one ends of the two linkage rods in the power cavity, and extend downwards to the lower side of the main body; a mud suction pump is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the sliding block and is positioned on the right side of the transmission shaft, an absorption pipe is arranged in the sliding block and is positioned on the right side of the internal tooth-shaped cavity, the absorption pipe extends upwards and is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the mud suction pump, and the absorption pipe extends downwards to the lower side of the main body; a relay pipe is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the upper side of the power cavity, the relay pipe is connected with the dredge pump through a hose, the relay pipe extends upwards to the upper side of the main body, and a spray head is fixedly connected to the upper end of the relay pipe; the power cavity is characterized in that two wheel shafts are rotatably connected between the front inner side wall and the rear inner side wall of the power cavity, inner spline cavities which are communicated from front to back are arranged in the wheel shafts, two connecting shafts are connected to the inner splines in the inner spline cavities, two connecting shafts in the inner spline cavities are placed in the front and the back, the connecting shafts are connected in the back, the connecting shafts are arranged in the back, the connecting shafts.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: a motor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rear side of the power cavity, a power output shaft is in power connection with the front end face of the motor, a driving belt pulley and a driving bevel gear are fixedly connected to the power output shaft, the driving bevel gear is located on the front side of the driving belt pulley, a driven belt pulley is fixedly connected to the wheel axle on the left side, and the driven belt pulley is connected with the driving belt pulley through a synchronous belt; the power cavity upper side inner wall is connected with synchronizing shaft, location axle in the rotation, the synchronizing shaft is located location axle rear side, the rigid coupling has drive sprocket, driven bevel gear on the synchronizing shaft, drive sprocket is located driven bevel gear upside, driven bevel gear with the drive bevel gear meshing, location axle lower extreme rigid coupling has driven sprocket, driven sprocket with drive sprocket passes through synchronous chain and connects.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the power cavity right side inner wall is connected with the back shaft in a rotating mode, the back shaft left end is fixedly connected with a synchronous bevel gear, the right side wheel axle is fixedly connected with a relay bevel gear, the relay bevel gear is meshed with the synchronous bevel gear, the left end face of the synchronous bevel gear is connected with a linking handle in a rotating mode, the linking handle is connected with a connecting rod in a rotating mode, the sliding block is provided with a matching handle in a fixedly connected mode on the end face, and the matching handle is connected with the free end of the connecting rod in a rotating mode.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the transmission shaft in the one end rigid coupling of sliding block upside has linkage sprocket, linkage bevel gear, the linkage sprocket is located linkage bevel gear's upside, power connection has the power input shaft on the dredge pump left side terminal surface, the power input shaft left end rigid coupling has linking bevel gear, linking bevel gear with the linkage bevel gear meshing, the linkage sprocket is located synchronous chain's right side and with synchronous chain meshing.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the intercommunication is equipped with the ascending guide way of opening on the power chamber upside inner wall, the guide way is located the upside of transmission shaft, it is equipped with the linkage slide bar to slide in the guide way, linkage slide bar downwardly extending rotate connect in the transmission shaft upper end, linkage slide bar upper end rigid coupling has the slip rack, the slip rack contradict in the main part up end, the rigid coupling has the swing gear on the relay pipe, the swing gear is located the shower nozzle downside and contradict in the main part up end, the slip rack with swing gear engagement.