CN111996531B - Laser protective coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Laser protective coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111996531B CN111996531B CN202010900828.8A CN202010900828A CN111996531B CN 111996531 B CN111996531 B CN 111996531B CN 202010900828 A CN202010900828 A CN 202010900828A CN 111996531 B CN111996531 B CN 111996531B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
- C23C28/025—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only with at least one zinc-based layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/18—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
- C23C10/20—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions only one element being diffused
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/027—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material including at least one metal matrix material comprising a mixture of at least two metals or metal phases or metal matrix composites, e.g. metal matrix with embedded inorganic hard particles, CERMET, MMC.
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of protective coatings, and particularly discloses a laser protective coating and a preparation method thereof. The laser protective coating comprises a zinc dipping layer and Ni/n-Al which are sequentially laminated from inside to outside 2 O 3 Plating layer and Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 A spray coating layer of said Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The electroplated layer comprises nickel and nano aluminum oxide (n-Al) 2 O 3 ) (ii) a The Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The spray coating layer comprises nano aluminum oxide (n-Al) 2 O 3 ) The powder is mixed with nickel powder and/or nickel alloy powder. The coating has strong binding force with a substrate, low internal stress, difficult cracking, peeling and other problems, has excellent laser protection capability and can resist 1kW/cm 2 Laser light 10s,600w/cm 2 The coating is slightly burnt by the irradiation of the laser for 100s, and only local melting occurs under the irradiation of the laser with the energy of 2-5 times, and the conditions of burning, breakdown, cracking, peeling and the like do not occur.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of protective coatings, in particular to a laser protective coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Since the invention in 1960, lasers have found practical applications in many areas such as communications, storage, manufacturing, medical, measurement, etc. Because laser can carry very high energy in very little area, all countries of the world have carried out the safety class number to laser, and its protection problem also receives increasing attention. In China, the development of laser devices is rapid, products are numerous, the development of laser protection is still lacked, and the protection capability is relatively lagged behind.
The coating technology is one of effective means for solving the problem of laser protection of equipment, the protection capability is higher when the coating is carried out by the conventional spraying technology, but the conventional laser protection coating has poor binding capability with a substrate, large internal stress, easy cracking, peeling and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a laser protective coating and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of poor bonding capability, large internal stress, easy cracking and peeling and the like of the existing laser protective coating and a substrate.
In order to achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides, in one aspect, a laser protective coating comprising a zincating layer, ni/n-Al, and a layer sequentially stacked from inside to outside 2 O 3 Plating layer and Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 A spray coating layer of said Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The electroplated layer comprises nickel and nano aluminum oxide (n-Al) 2 O 3 ) The Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The electroplated layer is formed by coating by using an electroplating process; the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The spray coating layer comprises nano aluminum oxide (n-Al) 2 O 3 ) Powder with nickel powder and/or nickel alloy powder, said Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The spray coating is formed by coating using a spray coating process.
Optionally, the zincating layer comprises a first zincating layer and a second zincating layer which are sequentially stacked from inside to outside, the first zincating layer is formed by soaking a first zincating solution, and the first zincating solution comprises the following components in concentration: 50-200g/L of zinc oxide, 300-1000g/L of sodium hydroxide, 1-5g/L of ferric trichloride and 5-20g/L of potassium sodium tartrate; the second zinc dipping layer is formed by dipping a second zinc dipping solution, and the second zinc dipping solution comprises the following components in concentration: 10-50g/L of zinc oxide, 50-300g/L of sodium hydroxide, 1-5g/L of ferric trichloride, 5-20g/L of potassium sodium tartrate and 0.5-5g/L of sodium nitrate.
Alternatively, the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The volume fraction of the nano alumina in the electroplated layer is 0.1-10%.
Alternatively, the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Nano oxidation in spray coatingThe aluminum powder has a volume fraction of 5 to 50%.
Alternatively, the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The volume fraction of the nano alumina in the spray coating is higher than that of the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Volume fraction of nano alumina powder in the electroplated layer. Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Spray coating layer phase ratio of Ni/i/n-Al 2 O 3 The nano alumina content of the electroplated layer is higher, which is beneficial to further improving the heat resistance and ablation resistance of the coating.
Alternatively, the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The electroplated layer is made of Ni/i/n-Al 2 O 3 Electroplating in a plating solution to form the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The plating solution included the following components in concentrations: 150-300g/L of nickel sulfate, 10-30g/L of nickel chloride, 10-50g/L of boric acid and 5-30g/L of nano aluminum oxide.
Optionally, the thickness of the zincating layer is 50nm-0.5mm.
Alternatively, the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The thickness of the electroplated layer is 0.1mm-2mm.
Alternatively, the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The thickness of the spray coating is 0.1mm-2mm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the laser protective coating, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning the substrate;
(2) Soaking the substrate treated in the step (1) in a zinc dipping solution to prepare a zinc dipping layer;
(3) Taking the substrate treated in the step (2) as a cathode, taking a sulfur-containing nickel plate as an anode, and immersing the cathode and the anode in Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Electroplating in the electroplating solution to form Ni/n-Al on the surface of the zinced layer 2 O 3 Electroplating layer;
(4) In the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Spraying Ni/n-Al on the surface of the electroplating layer 2 O 3 Powdering to Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Spraying the coating to obtain the laser protective coating.
Further, in the step (2), the step of preparing the zinc-impregnated layer on the surface of the substrate is divided into two steps: step one, soaking the substrate treated in the step (1) in a first zinc dipping solution, taking out the substrate, and cleaning the first zinc dipping solution remained on the surface of the substrate with water to prepare a first zinc dipping layer; secondly, soaking the substrate treated in the first step in a nitric acid solution, taking out the substrate, cleaning the nitric acid solution remained on the surface of the substrate with water, soaking the substrate in a second zinc dipping solution, taking out the substrate, cleaning the second zinc dipping solution remained on the surface of the substrate with water, and preparing a second zinc dipping layer, thereby preparing the zinc dipping layer; wherein the first zincating solution comprises the following components in concentration: 50-200g/L of zinc oxide, 300-1000g/L of sodium hydroxide, 1-5g/L of ferric trichloride and 5-20g/L of potassium sodium tartrate; the second zincating solution comprises the following components in concentration: 10-50g/L of zinc oxide, 50-300g/L of sodium hydroxide, 1-5g/L of ferric trichloride, 5-20g/L of potassium sodium tartrate and 0.5-5g/L of sodium nitrate.
Optionally, in the first step of the step (2), the soaking time of the substrate in the first zinc soaking solution is 10-120s.
Optionally, in the second step of step (2), the volume fraction of the nitric acid solution is 40-60%, preferably 50%.
Optionally, in the second step of the step (2), the soaking time of the substrate in the nitric acid solution is 10-60s.
Optionally, in the second step of the step (2), the soaking time of the substrate in the second zinc soaking solution is 10-120s.
Optionally, in the step (3), the electroplating temperature is 40-65 ℃, and the current is 2-6A/dm 2 。
Optionally, in the step (3), the electroplating time is 1-48h. The plating time is set to reach the designed thickness.
Optionally, in the step (3), the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The plating solution included the following components in concentrations: 150-300g/L of nickel sulfate, 10-30g/L of nickel chloride, 10-50g/L of boric acid and 5-30g/L of nano aluminum oxide.
Optionally, in the step (4), the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The powder is made by mixing nickel powder or nickel alloy powder with nano-alumina powderHas a volume fraction of the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 5-50% of the powder.
Further, in the step (4), the spraying mode adopts a plasma spraying technology.
Optionally, the process parameters of the plasma spraying technology are as follows: the current is 400-600A, the voltage is 70-80V, the argon flow is 50-100L/min, the powder feeding amount is 35-50g/min, and the distance is 70-150mm.
Optionally, the substrate is made of aluminum, an aluminum alloy, or an alloy containing more than 10% of aluminum.
Optionally, the cleaning manner of the substrate in the step (1) is degreasing treatment, and the degreasing treatment includes the following steps: and soaking the matrix in boiling alkaline degreasing fluid, and then taking out the matrix and cleaning the alkaline degreasing fluid remained on the surface of the matrix with water.
Optionally, the temperature of the alkaline deoiling liquid is above 65 ℃.
Optionally, the soaking time of the matrix in the alkaline degreasing liquid is 30-120s.
Optionally, the alkaline deoiling liquid comprises the following components in concentration: 10-50g/L of sodium carbonate, 20-50g/L of sodium phosphate and 1-5mL/L of OP emulsifier.
As mentioned above, the laser protective coating and the preparation method thereof have the following beneficial effects:
the laser protective coating has a three-layer structure of a zinc-dipped layer and Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Plating layer, ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The spraying layer is formed by sequentially transiting from a substrate to a surface layer and respectively adopting the processes of zinc dipping, electroplating and spraying, and the zinc dipping layer and the Ni/n-Al are prepared by the zinc dipping process and the electroplating process 2 O 3 The electroplated layer improves the bonding capacity of the coating and the matrix; ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Electroplated layer and Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The materials of the sprayed layers are similar and the combination is excellent; preparation of Ni/n-Al by spray coating 2 O 3 The spraying layer ensures that nano alumina particles are uniformly dispersed, so that the pinning effect and the dispersion strengthening effect are obvious, the density of an electroplated layer and the spraying layer is further increased, the heat resistance is improved, and the laser protection capability of the coating is favorably improved. The coating and the baseThe binding force of the body is strong, the internal stress is low, and the problems of cracking, peeling and the like are not easy to occur.
The coating has excellent laser protection capability and can resist 1kW/cm 2 Laser light 10s,600w/cm 2 The coating irradiated by the laser for 100s is only slightly burnt on the surface, and is only partially melted under the irradiation of the energy laser of 2-5 times, so that the conditions of burning, breakdown, cracking, peeling and the like are avoided. Meanwhile, the binding force between the coating and the substrate can reach 28MPa, and the good binding property between the coating and the substrate can be ensured so as to meet the long-time use requirement.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments of the present invention are provided by way of specific examples, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a laser protective coating, which comprises a zinc-dipped layer and Ni/n-Al which are sequentially laminated from inside to outside 2 O 3 Plating layer and Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 A spray coating layer of said Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The electroplated layer comprises nickel and nano aluminum oxide (n-Al) 2 O 3 ) Coating by using an electroplating process; the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The spray coating layer comprises nano aluminum oxide (n-Al) 2 O 3 ) The powder and the nickel powder and/or the nickel alloy powder are formed by coating through a spraying process.
Further, the zinc dipping layer comprises a first zinc dipping layer and a second zinc dipping layer which are sequentially stacked from inside to outside. Specifically, the first zincating layer is formed by soaking a first zincating solution, and the first zincating solution comprises the following components in concentration: 50-200g/L of zinc oxide, 300-1000g/L of sodium hydroxide, 1-5g/L of ferric trichloride and 5-20g/L of potassium sodium tartrate; the second zinc dipping layer is formed by dipping a second zinc dipping solution, and the second zinc dipping solution comprises the following components in concentration: 1o-50g/L of zinc oxide, 50-300g/L of sodium hydroxide, 1-5g/L of ferric trichloride, 5-20g/L of potassium sodium tartrate and 0.5-5g/L of sodium nitrate.
Specifically, the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The volume fraction of nano alumina in the electroplated layer is 0.1-10%, and the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The volume fraction of the nano alumina in the spray coating is 5-50%. Wherein the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The volume fraction of the nano alumina in the spray coating is higher than that of the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Volume fraction of nano-alumina in the electroplated layer, thus Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Spray coating layer phase ratio of Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The nano alumina content of the electroplated layer is higher, which is helpful for further improving the heat resistance and ablation resistance of the coating.
Specifically, the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The electroplated layer is made of Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Electroplating in a plating solution to form the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The plating solution included the following components in concentrations: 150-300g/L of nickel sulfate, 10-30g/L of nickel chloride, 10-50g/L of boric acid and 5-30g/L of nano aluminum oxide.
Specifically, the thickness of the zinc dipping layer is 50nm-0.5mm, and the Ni/n-Al is 2 O 3 The thickness of the electroplated layer is 0.1mm-2mm, and the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The thickness of the spray coating is 0.1mm-2mm.
The preparation method of the laser protective coating comprises the following steps:
(1) And cleaning the substrate.
(2) And (2) soaking the substrate treated in the step (1) in a zinc dipping solution to prepare a zinc dipping layer.
(3) Taking the substrate treated in the step (2) as a cathode, taking a sulfur-containing nickel plate as an anode, and immersing the cathode and the anode in Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Electroplating in the electroplating solution to form Ni/n-Al on the surface of the zinced layer 2 O 3 And (4) electroplating.
(4) In the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Spraying Ni/n-Al on the surface of the electroplating layer 2 O 3 Powdering to Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Spraying the coating to obtain the laser protective coating.
Further, in the step (2), the step of preparing the zinc-impregnated layer on the surface of the substrate is divided into two steps: step one, soaking the substrate treated in the step (1) in a first zinc dipping solution for 10-120s, taking out the substrate, and cleaning the first zinc dipping solution remained on the surface of the substrate with water to prepare a first zinc dipping layer; and secondly, soaking the substrate treated in the first step in a nitric acid solution for 10-60s, taking out, cleaning the residual nitric acid solution on the surface of the substrate with water, soaking the substrate in a second zinc dipping solution for 10-120s, taking out, cleaning the residual second zinc dipping solution on the surface of the substrate with water, and preparing a second zinc dipping layer, thereby preparing the zinc dipping layer.
Wherein the first zincating solution comprises the following components in concentration: 50-200g/L of zinc oxide, 300-1000g/L of sodium hydroxide, 1-5g/L of ferric trichloride and 5-20g/L of potassium sodium tartrate; the volume fraction of the nitric acid solution is 40-60%, and the volume fraction of the nitric acid solution adopted in the following examples is 50%; the second zincating solution comprises the following components in concentration: 10-50g/L of zinc oxide, 50-300g/L of sodium hydroxide, 1-5g/L of ferric trichloride, 5-20g/L of potassium sodium tartrate and 0.5-5g/L of sodium nitrate. Wherein the water used for cleaning adopts deionized water.
The principle of zinc immersion is that zinc ions are replaced by aluminum, so that a zinc simple substance is separated out to form a zinc layer. In the invention, the first zinc dipping aims to etch and remove the oxide film and replace the oxide film with a zinc layer, then the zinc layer is partially dissolved in concentrated nitric acid solution, and the exposed surface after zinc stripping provides good conditions for the second zinc dipping and other metal deposition. The two times of zinc dipping can ensure the full activation of the surface of the matrix, so that the plating layer obtains good binding force.
In the preparation of the zinc dipping solution, the zinc solution can be slightly concentrated or diluted, and the ratio of zinc oxide to alkali in the zinc dipping solution is 1: 5 or 1: 6. Zinc oxide is insoluble in water, and sodium hydroxide undergoes a complexation reaction with the zinc oxide to form ions, so that the zinc oxide is dissolved in the solution. Wherein the potassium sodium tartrate acts as a complexing agent. The proportion of the iron element relative to the zinc element in the formula of the second zinc dipping solution is larger than that of the first zinc dipping solution, so that more iron enters a zinc layer, and the zinc dipping layer is finally more compact. In addition, in order to prevent the over corrosion of the substrate, control the reducing capability of Zn, prevent the growth of zinc grains, promote the formation of crystal nuclei and ensure the fineness and brightness of a zinc layer, the corrosion inhibitor is added into the second zinc dipping solution to control the corrosion rate. Sodium nitrate is the corrosion inhibitor.
Specifically, in the step (3), the electroplating temperature is 40-65 ℃, and the current is 2-6A/dm 2 (ii) a The electroplating time is 1-48h. The plating time is set to reach the designed thickness.
Specifically, in the step (3), the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The plating solution included the following components in concentrations: 150-300g/L of nickel sulfate, 10-30g/L of nickel chloride, 10-50g/L of boric acid and 5-30g/L of nano aluminum oxide.
Specifically, in the step (4), the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The powder is prepared by mixing nickel powder or nickel alloy powder with nano-alumina powder, and the volume fraction of the nano-alumina powder is Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 5-50% of the powder. The nickel powder or the nickel alloy powder and the nano-alumina powder are mixed uniformly in a ball milling mode, and the method is simple, convenient and easy to operate and suitable for large-scale application.
Further, in the step (4), a plasma spraying technology is adopted as a spraying mode; the plasma spraying technology comprises the following process parameters: the current is 400-600A, the voltage is 70-80V, the argon flow is 50-100L/min, the powder feeding amount is 35-50g/min, and the distance is 70-150mm.
The matrix material suitable for the laser protective coating is aluminum, aluminum alloy and alloy containing more than 10% of aluminum.
Further, the cleaning mode of the substrate in the step (1) is degreasing treatment, and the degreasing treatment comprises the following steps: and soaking the matrix in boiling alkaline degreasing fluid, and then taking out the matrix and cleaning the alkaline degreasing fluid remained on the surface of the matrix with water. Wherein the temperature of the alkaline deoiling liquid is above 65 ℃; the soaking time of the matrix in the alkaline degreasing liquid is 30-120s; the alkaline deoiling liquid comprises the following components in concentration: 10-50g/L of sodium carbonate, 20-50g/L of sodium phosphate and 1-5mL/L of OP emulsifier.
The specific embodiment of the invention is as follows:
example 1
A laser protective coating is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Deoiling the surface of the aluminum matrix: soaking the aluminum substrate in alkaline degreasing fluid at the temperature of over 65 ℃ (boiling), taking out after 30s, and cleaning the degreasing fluid remained on the surface of the aluminum sheet by using deionized water. The alkaline degreasing fluid has the following formula: 50g/L of sodium carbonate, 50g/L of sodium phosphate and 5mL/L of OP emulsifier.
(2) Preparing a zinc dipping layer on the surface of an aluminum substrate: soaking the aluminum matrix treated in the step (1) in a first zinc dipping solution for 15s, taking out the aluminum matrix, and cleaning the residual first zinc dipping solution on the surface of the aluminum matrix with water to prepare a first zinc dipping layer.
And secondly, soaking the aluminum substrate treated in the first step in a nitric acid solution for 15s, taking out the aluminum substrate, cleaning the residual nitric acid solution on the surface of the substrate with water, soaking the substrate in a second zinc dipping solution for 15s, taking out the aluminum substrate, cleaning the residual second zinc dipping solution on the surface of the substrate with water, and preparing a second zinc dipping layer, thereby preparing the zinc dipping layer. The thickness of the zincating layer is 0.3mm.
The formula of the first zinc dipping solution is as follows: 200g/L of zinc oxide, 1000g/L of sodium hydroxide, 5g/L of ferric trichloride and 20g/L of potassium sodium tartrate; the formulation of the second zincating solution is as follows: 50g/L of zinc oxide, 300g/L of sodium hydroxide, 5g/L of ferric trichloride, 20g/L of potassium sodium tartrate and 5g/L of sodium nitrate.
(3) Making Ni/n-Al on the surface of the zincing layer 2 O 3 Electroplating layer: taking the aluminum matrix treated in the step (2) as a cathode, taking a sulfur-containing nickel plate as an anode, and then immersing the cathode and the anode in Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Electroplating in the electroplating solution to obtain Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 And (4) electroplating. The electroplating temperature is 55 ℃ and the current is 6A/dm 2 The electroplating time is 30h, ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The thickness of the plating layer is 2mm.
Wherein, ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The formula of the electroplating solution is as follows: 300g/L of nickel sulfate, 30g/L of nickel chloride, 50g/L of boric acid and 30g/L of alumina.
(4) At Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Making Ni/n-Al on the surface of the electroplating layer 2 O 3 Spraying a coating: spraying Ni/n-Al on the surface of the aluminum matrix treated in the step (3) by using a plasma spraying technology 2 O 3 Powder formation of Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Spraying the coating to finish the preparation of the laser protective coating. Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The thickness of the sprayed layer was 2mm.
Wherein, ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The powder is prepared by mixing nickel powder and nano-alumina powder, and a ball mill is used for ensuring the uniform powder mixing.
The process parameters of the plasma spraying technology are as follows: the current is 600A, the voltage is 80V, the argon flow is 100L/min, the powder feeding amount is 50g/min, and the distance is 150mm.
And (3) performance testing:
1. through 1kW/cm 2 Laser 15s, 600w/cm 2 After the irradiation of the laser 150s, the coating of the embodiment only generates a slight burning phenomenon on the surface, and only generates local melting under the irradiation of the laser with 2-5 times of the energy, and the conditions of burning, breakdown, cracking, peeling and the like do not occur.
2. The bonding force between the coating and the substrate of the embodiment is 29MPa.
Example 2
A laser protective coating is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Deoiling the surface of the aluminum matrix: soaking the aluminum substrate in alkaline degreasing fluid at the temperature of over 65 ℃ (boiling), taking out after 120s, and cleaning the degreasing fluid remained on the surface of the aluminum sheet by using deionized water. The alkaline degreasing fluid has the following formula: 10g/L of sodium carbonate, 20g/L of sodium phosphate and 1mL/L of OP emulsifier.
(2) Preparing a zinc dipping layer on the surface of an aluminum substrate: soaking the aluminum matrix treated in the step (1) in a first zinc dipping solution for 120s, taking out the aluminum matrix, and cleaning the residual first zinc dipping solution on the surface of the aluminum matrix with water to prepare a first zinc dipping layer.
And secondly, soaking the aluminum substrate treated in the first step in a nitric acid solution for 60s, taking out the aluminum substrate, cleaning the residual nitric acid solution on the surface of the substrate with water, soaking the substrate in a second zinc dipping solution for 60s, taking out the aluminum substrate, cleaning the residual second zinc dipping solution on the surface of the substrate with water, and preparing a second zinc dipping layer, thereby preparing the zinc dipping layer. The thickness of the zincating layer was 50nm.
The formula of the first zinc dipping solution is as follows: 50g/L of zinc oxide, 300g/L of sodium hydroxide, 1g/L of ferric trichloride and 5g/L of potassium sodium tartrate; the formulation of the second zincating solution is as follows: 10g/L of zinc oxide, 50g/L of sodium hydroxide, 1g/L of ferric trichloride, 5g/L of potassium sodium tartrate and 0.5g/L of sodium nitrate.
(3) Making Ni/n-Al on the surface of the zincing layer 2 O 3 Electroplating layer: taking the aluminum matrix treated in the step (2) as a cathode, taking a sulfur-containing nickel plate as an anode, and then immersing the cathode and the anode in Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Electroplating in the electroplating solution to obtain Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 And (4) electroplating. The electroplating temperature is 60 ℃, and the current is 2A/dm 2 The plating time is 5h, ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The thickness of the plating layer is 0.1mm.
Wherein, ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The formula of the electroplating solution is as follows: 150g/L of nickel sulfate, 10g/L of nickel chloride, 10g/L of boric acid and 5g/L of alumina.
(4) In the presence of Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Making Ni/n-Al on the surface of the electroplating layer 2 O 3 Spraying a coating: spraying Ni/n-Al on the surface of the aluminum matrix treated in the step (3) by using a plasma spraying technology 2 O 3 Powder formation of Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Spraying the coating to finish the preparation of the laser protective coating. Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The thickness of the sprayed layer was 0.1mm.
Wherein, ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The powder is prepared by mixing nickel alloy powder (Ni 60, nickel-chromium-boron-silicon alloy powder, the main components are Ni, cr, B, si, fe and the like) and nano-alumina powder, and a ball mill is used for ensuring the uniform powder mixing.
The technological parameters of the plasma spraying technology are as follows: the current is 400A, the voltage is 70V, the argon flow is 50L/min, the powder feeding amount is 30g/min, and the distance is 70mm.
And (3) performance testing:
1. through 1kW/cm 2 Laser 10s,600w/cm 2 After irradiation of laser light for 100sThe coating of the embodiment has only slight burning phenomenon on the surface, and only local melting occurs under the irradiation of 2-5 times of the energy laser, and burning, puncture, cracking, peeling and the like do not occur.
2. The bonding force between the coating and the substrate of the embodiment is 28MPa.
Example 3
A laser protective coating is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Deoiling the surface of the aluminum matrix: soaking the aluminum substrate in alkaline degreasing fluid at the temperature of over 65 ℃ (boiling), taking out after 80s, and cleaning the degreasing fluid remained on the surface of the aluminum sheet by using deionized water. The alkaline degreasing fluid has the following formula: 30g/L of sodium carbonate, 30g/L of sodium phosphate and 3mL/L of OP emulsifier.
(2) Preparing a zinc dipping layer on the surface of an aluminum substrate: soaking the aluminum matrix treated in the step (1) in a first zinc dipping solution for 80s, taking out the aluminum matrix, and cleaning the residual first zinc dipping solution on the surface of the aluminum matrix with water to prepare a first zinc dipping layer.
And secondly, soaking the aluminum substrate treated in the first step in a nitric acid solution for 40s, taking out the aluminum substrate, cleaning the residual nitric acid solution on the surface of the substrate with water, soaking the substrate in a second zinc dipping solution for 80s, taking out the aluminum substrate, cleaning the residual second zinc dipping solution on the surface of the substrate with water, and preparing a second zinc dipping layer, thereby preparing the zinc dipping layer. The thickness of the zincating layer is 200nm.
The formula of the first zinc dipping solution is as follows: 150g/L of zinc oxide, 750g/L of sodium hydroxide, 3g/L of ferric trichloride and 10g/L of potassium sodium tartrate; the formulation of the second zincating solution was as follows: 40g/L of zinc oxide, 200g/L of sodium hydroxide, 3g/L of ferric trichloride, 10g/L of potassium sodium tartrate and 3g/L of sodium nitrate.
(3) Making Ni/n-Al on the surface of the zincing layer 2 O 3 Electroplating layer: taking the aluminum matrix treated in the step (2) as a cathode, taking a sulfur-containing nickel plate as an anode, and then immersing the cathode and the anode in Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Electroplating in the electroplating solution to obtain Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 And (4) electroplating. The plating temperature is 50 ℃, the current is 4A/dm2, the plating time is 6h 2 O 3 The thickness of the electroplating layer is 0.24mm.
Wherein, ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The formula of the electroplating solution is as follows: 250g/L of nickel sulfate, 20g/L of nickel chloride, 40g/L of boric acid and 20g/L of alumina.
(4) In the presence of Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Making Ni/n-Al on the surface of the electroplating layer 2 O 3 Spraying a coating: spraying Ni/n-Al on the surface of the aluminum matrix treated in the step (3) by using a plasma spraying technology 2 O 3 Powder formation of Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Spraying a coating, thereby completing the preparation of the laser protective coating. Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The thickness of the sprayed layer was 0.5mm.
Wherein, ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The powder is prepared by mixing nickel powder and nano-alumina powder, and a ball mill is used for ensuring the uniform powder mixing.
The technological parameters of the plasma spraying technology are as follows: the current is 500A, the voltage is 70V, the argon flow is 80L/min, the powder feeding amount is 40g/min, and the distance is 100mm.
And (3) performance testing:
1. 1kW/cm 2 Laser 12s, 600w/cm 2 After the laser 110s is irradiated, the coating of the embodiment only generates a slight burning phenomenon on the surface, and only generates local melting under the irradiation of 2-5 times of the energy laser, and the conditions of burning, breakdown, cracking, peeling and the like do not occur.
2. The bonding force between the coating and the substrate of the embodiment is 30MPa.
Example 4
A laser protective coating is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Deoiling the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate: and (3) soaking the aluminum alloy matrix in alkaline degreasing fluid at the temperature of over 65 ℃ (until boiling), taking out after 100 seconds, and cleaning the degreasing fluid remained on the surface of the aluminum sheet by using deionized water. The alkaline degreasing fluid has the following formula: 40g/L of sodium carbonate, 40g/L of sodium phosphate and 4mL/L of OP emulsifier.
(2) Preparing a zinc dipping layer on the surface of an aluminum alloy substrate: and (2) soaking the aluminum alloy substrate treated in the step (1) in a first zinc dipping solution for 100s, taking out the aluminum alloy substrate, and cleaning the residual first zinc dipping solution on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate with water to prepare a first zinc dipping layer.
And step two, soaking the aluminum alloy substrate treated in the step one in a nitric acid solution for 50s, taking out the aluminum alloy substrate, cleaning the nitric acid solution remained on the surface of the substrate with water, soaking the substrate in a second zinc dipping solution for 100s, taking out the aluminum alloy substrate, cleaning the second zinc dipping solution remained on the surface of the substrate with water, and preparing a second zinc dipping layer, thereby preparing the zinc dipping layer. The thickness of the zincating layer is 0.3mm.
The formula of the first zinc dipping solution is as follows: 100g/L of zinc oxide, 500g/L of sodium hydroxide, 2g/L of ferric trichloride and 10g/L of potassium sodium tartrate; the formulation of the second zincating solution was as follows: 20g/L of zinc oxide, 100g/L of sodium hydroxide, 2g/L of ferric trichloride, 10g/L of potassium sodium tartrate and 2g/L of sodium nitrate.
(3) Making Ni/n-Al on the surface of the zincing layer 2 O 3 Electroplating layer: taking the aluminum alloy matrix treated in the step (2) as a cathode, taking a sulfur-containing nickel plate as an anode, and then immersing the cathode and the anode in Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Electroplating in the electroplating solution to obtain Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 And (4) electroplating. The plating temperature was 60 ℃, the current was 3A/dm2, the plating time was 10h, ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The thickness of the electroplating layer is 0.3mm.
Wherein, ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The formula of the electroplating solution is as follows: 150g/L of nickel sulfate, 10g/L of nickel chloride, 10g/L of boric acid and 5g/L of alumina.
(4) In the presence of Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Making Ni/n-Al on the surface of the electroplating layer 2 O 3 Spraying a coating: spraying Ni/n-Al on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate treated in the step (3) by using a plasma spraying technology 2 O 3 Powder formation of Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Spraying a coating, thereby completing the preparation of the laser protective coating. Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The thickness of the sprayed layer was 1mm.
Wherein, ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The powder is prepared by mixing nickel powder and nano-alumina powder, and a ball mill is used for ensuring the uniform powder mixing.
The process parameters of the plasma spraying technology are as follows: the current is 400A, the voltage is 70V, the argon flow is 50L/min, the powder feeding amount is 35g/min, and the distance is 100mm.
And (3) performance testing:
1. through 1kW/cm 2 Laser 12s, 600w/cm 2 After the laser is irradiated for 100s, the coating of the embodiment only generates a slight burning phenomenon on the surface, and only generates local melting under the irradiation of 2-5 times of the energy laser, and the conditions of burning, breakdown, cracking, peeling and the like do not occur.
2. The bonding force between the coating and the substrate of the embodiment is 28MPa.
Example 5
A laser protective coating is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Deoiling the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix: and (3) soaking the aluminum alloy matrix in alkaline degreasing fluid at the temperature of over 65 ℃ (boiling), taking out after 50 seconds, and cleaning the degreasing fluid remained on the surface of the aluminum sheet by using deionized water. The alkaline degreasing fluid has the following formula: 20g/L of sodium carbonate, 20g/L of sodium phosphate and 2mL/L of OP emulsifier.
(2) Preparing a zinc dipping layer on the surface of an aluminum alloy substrate: and (2) soaking the aluminum alloy substrate treated in the step (1) in a first zinc dipping solution for 50s, taking out the aluminum alloy substrate, and cleaning the residual first zinc dipping solution on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate with water to prepare a first zinc dipping layer.
And secondly, soaking the aluminum alloy substrate treated in the first step in a nitric acid solution for 20s, taking out, cleaning the residual nitric acid solution on the surface of the substrate with water, soaking the substrate in a second zinc dipping solution for 50s, taking out, cleaning the residual second zinc dipping solution on the surface of the substrate with water, and preparing a second zinc dipping layer, thereby preparing the zinc dipping layer. The thickness of the zincating layer is 0.2mm.
The formula of the first zinc dipping solution is as follows: 100g/L of zinc oxide, 500g/L of sodium hydroxide, 3g/L of ferric trichloride and 10g/L of potassium sodium tartrate; the formulation of the second zincating solution is as follows: 20g/L of zinc oxide, 80g/L of sodium hydroxide, 2g/L of ferric trichloride, 10g/L of potassium sodium tartrate and 2g/L of sodium nitrate.
(3) Making Ni/n-Al on the surface of the zincing layer 2 O 3 Electroplating layer: the aluminum treated in the step (2) is treatedTaking an alloy matrix as a cathode, taking a sulfur-containing nickel plate as an anode, and immersing the cathode and the anode in Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Electroplating in the electroplating solution to obtain Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 And (4) electroplating. The electroplating temperature is 50 ℃, the current is 5A/dm2, the electroplating time is 5h 2 O 3 The thickness of the plating layer is 0.25mm.
Wherein, ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The formula of the electroplating solution is as follows: 250g/L of nickel sulfate, 20g/L of nickel chloride, 20g/L of boric acid and 20g/L of alumina.
(4) In the presence of Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Making Ni/n-Al on the surface of the electroplating layer 2 O 3 Spraying a coating: spraying Ni/n-Al on the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix treated in the step (3) by using a plasma spraying technology 2 O 3 Powder formation of Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Spraying a coating, thereby completing the preparation of the laser protective coating. Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The thickness of the sprayed layer was 0.2mm.
Wherein, ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The powder is prepared by mixing nickel powder and nano-alumina powder, and a ball mill is used for ensuring the uniform powder mixing.
The technological parameters of the plasma spraying technology are as follows: the current is 400A, the voltage is 70V, the argon flow is 100L/min, the powder feeding amount is 30g/min, and the distance is 150mm.
And (3) performance testing:
1. through 1kW/cm 2 Laser 10s,600w/cm 2 After the laser is irradiated for 100s, the coating of the embodiment only generates a slight burning phenomenon on the surface, and only generates local melting under the irradiation of 2-5 times of the energy laser, and the conditions of burning, breakdown, cracking, peeling and the like do not occur.
2. The bonding force between the coating and the substrate of the embodiment is 29MPa.
In conclusion, the laser protective coating has excellent laser protection capability and can resist at least 1kW/cm 2 Laser light 10s,600w/cm 2 The coating irradiated by the laser for 100s only has slight burning phenomenon on the surface and only has local melting under the irradiation of 2-5 times of the energy laser, and does not have burning, breakdown, cracking, peeling and the likeThe situation is. Meanwhile, the bonding force between the coating and the substrate can reach at least 28MPa, so that the coating and the substrate can be ensured to have good bonding property, the internal stress is low, the problems of cracking, peeling and the like are not easy to occur, and the long-time use requirement can be met.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The laser protective coating is characterized by being prepared by taking aluminum or aluminum alloy as a matrix and comprising a zinc dipping layer and Ni/n-Al which are sequentially stacked from inside to outside 2 O 3 Plating layer and Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 A coating is sprayed on the surface of the substrate,
the zinc dipping layer comprises a first zinc dipping layer and a second zinc dipping layer which are sequentially stacked from inside to outside, the first zinc dipping layer is formed by dipping a first zinc dipping solution, and the first zinc dipping solution comprises the following components in concentration: 50-200g/L of zinc oxide, 300-1000g/L of sodium hydroxide, 1-5g/L of ferric trichloride and 5-20g/L of potassium sodium tartrate; the second zinc dipping layer is formed by dipping a second zinc dipping solution, and the second zinc dipping solution comprises the following components in concentration: 10-50g/L of zinc oxide, 50-300g/L of sodium hydroxide, 1-5g/L of ferric trichloride, 5-20g/L of potassium sodium tartrate and 0.5-5g/L of sodium nitrate;
the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The electroplated layer comprises nickel and nano-alumina n-Al 2 O 3 The volume fraction of the nano alumina is 0.1-10%; the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The electroplated layer is made of Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Electroplating in a plating solution to form the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The plating solution included the following components in concentrations: 150-300g/L of nickel sulfate, 10-30g/L of nickel chloride, 10-50g/L of boric acid and 5-30g/L of nano aluminum oxide; the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Use of a spray coatingThe spraying process is formed by coating and comprises the following steps:
in the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Spraying Ni/n-Al on the surface of the electroplating layer 2 O 3 Powdering to Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Spraying a layer; the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The powder is prepared by mixing nickel powder or nickel alloy powder with nano alumina powder, and the volume fraction of the nano alumina powder is Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 5-50% of the powder;
the thickness of the zinc dipping layer is 50nm-0.5mm, and the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The thickness of the electroplated layer is 0.1mm-2mm, and the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The thickness of the spray coating is 0.1mm-2mm.
2. The laser protective coating according to claim 1, wherein: the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The volume fraction of the nano alumina in the spray coating is higher than that of the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Volume fraction of nano alumina in the electroplated layer.
3. A method of preparing the laser protective coating of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) Cleaning a substrate, wherein the substrate is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy;
(2) Soaking the substrate treated in the step (1) in a zinc dipping solution to prepare a zinc dipping layer:
step one, soaking the substrate treated in the step (1) in a first zinc dipping solution, taking out the substrate, and cleaning the first zinc dipping solution remained on the surface of the substrate with water to prepare a first zinc dipping layer;
secondly, soaking the substrate treated in the first step in a nitric acid solution, taking out the substrate, cleaning the nitric acid solution remained on the surface of the substrate with water, soaking the substrate in a second zinc dipping solution, taking out the substrate, cleaning the second zinc dipping solution remained on the surface of the substrate with water, and preparing a second zinc dipping layer, thereby preparing the zinc dipping layer;
wherein the first zincating solution comprises the following components in concentration: 50-200g/L of zinc oxide, 300-1000g/L of sodium hydroxide, 1-5g/L of ferric trichloride and 5-20g/L of potassium sodium tartrate; the second zincating solution comprises the following components in concentration: 10-50g/L of zinc oxide, 50-300g/L of sodium hydroxide, 1-5g/L of ferric trichloride, 5-20g/L of potassium sodium tartrate and 0.5-5g/L of sodium nitrate;
(3) Taking the substrate treated in the step (2) as a cathode, taking a sulfur-containing nickel plate as an anode, and immersing the cathode and the anode in Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Electroplating in the electroplating solution to form Ni/n-Al on the surface of the zinced layer 2 O 3 Electroplating layer; the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The plating solution included the following components in concentrations: 150-300g/L of nickel sulfate, 10-30g/L of nickel chloride, 10-50g/L of boric acid and 5-30g/L of nano aluminum oxide;
(4) In the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Spraying Ni/n-Al on the surface of the electroplating layer 2 O 3 Powdering to Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 Spraying a layer to obtain a laser protection layer; the Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 The powder is prepared by mixing nickel powder or nickel alloy powder with nano-alumina powder, and the volume fraction of the nano-alumina powder is Ni/n-Al 2 O 3 5-50% of the powder.
4. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the first step of the step (2), the soaking time of the substrate in the first zinc soaking solution is 10-120s;
and/or, in the second step of the step (2), the volume fraction of the nitric acid solution is 40-60%;
and/or in the second step of the step (2), the soaking time of the matrix in the nitric acid solution is 10-60s;
and/or in the second step of the step (2), the soaking time of the substrate in the second zinc soaking solution is 10-120s.
5. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step (3), the electroplating temperature is 40-65 ℃, and the current is 2-6A/dm 2 ；
And/or in the step (3), the electroplating time is 1-48h;
and/or in the step (4), the spraying mode adopts a plasma spraying technology.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: in the step (4), the plasma spraying technology has the following process parameters: the current is 400-600A, the voltage is 70-80V, the argon flow is 50-100L/min, the powder feeding amount is 35-50g/min, and the distance is 70-150mm.
7. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the cleaning mode of the matrix in the step (1) is deoiling treatment, and the deoiling treatment comprises the following steps: soaking the matrix in boiling alkaline degreasing fluid, and then taking out the matrix and cleaning the alkaline degreasing fluid remained on the surface of the matrix with water;
the temperature of the alkaline degreasing fluid is above 65 ℃, and the soaking time of the matrix in the alkaline degreasing fluid is 30-120s;
the alkaline deoiling liquid comprises the following components in concentration: 10-50g/L of sodium carbonate, 20-50g/L of sodium phosphate and 1-5mL/L of OP emulsifier.
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| JPS55115972A (en) * | 1979-02-27 | 1980-09-06 | Toshiba Corp | Production of high-temperature gas turbine blade |
| US5362523A (en) * | 1991-09-05 | 1994-11-08 | Technalum Research, Inc. | Method for the production of compositionally graded coatings by plasma spraying powders |
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| JPS55115972A (en) * | 1979-02-27 | 1980-09-06 | Toshiba Corp | Production of high-temperature gas turbine blade |
| US5362523A (en) * | 1991-09-05 | 1994-11-08 | Technalum Research, Inc. | Method for the production of compositionally graded coatings by plasma spraying powders |
| JP2005260046A (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2005-09-22 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | Member for plasma processing apparatus |
| CN104099647A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2014-10-15 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Preparation method of Ni-Co-Al2O3 gradient composite coating |
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Inventor after: Feng Ke Inventor after: Lacquer Inventor after: Yu Chenyun Inventor after: Wang Shuigen Inventor after: Chen Xin Inventor before: Lacquer Inventor before: Yu Chenyun Inventor before: Feng Ke Inventor before: Wang Shuigen Inventor before: Chen Xin |
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