CN111995289B - Environment-friendly ecological plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly ecological plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111995289B CN111995289B CN202010918108.4A CN202010918108A CN111995289B CN 111995289 B CN111995289 B CN 111995289B CN 202010918108 A CN202010918108 A CN 202010918108A CN 111995289 B CN111995289 B CN 111995289B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/045—Polyalkenes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing halogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of building material products, in particular to an environment-friendly ecological plate and a preparation method thereof. The first aspect of the invention provides an environment-friendly ecological plate, which is prepared from 50-200 parts by weight of modified wood dust, 100-500 parts by weight of stone powder, 10-60 parts by weight of short fibers, 0-50 parts by weight of alkaline earth metal oxide or alkaline earth metal salt, 0-30 parts by weight of thermoplastic resin material and 30-100 parts by weight of curable composition; the modified wood chip is prepared from wood chips, a silane coupling agent and a phosphate compound. The method reasonably utilizes the recycled waste wood, changes waste into valuable, reduces the production and manufacturing cost, relieves the environmental protection pressure, realizes the comprehensive utilization of resources, and the prepared ecological plate has the characteristics of high compressive strength, good waterproof and fireproof performance, zero formaldehyde and zero VOC emission and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building material products, in particular to an environment-friendly ecological plate and a preparation method thereof.
Technical Field
With the development of modern construction and urbanization, the demand of the plate materials is increased. China is actively promoting the urbanization process, and if the urbanization rate is increased by 1 percent, over 1000 ten thousand rural populations are driven to enter urban life, and large-scale real estate construction projects and consumption demands are brought. With the reduction of forest resources and the increase of the demand of the society on wood products, a series of problems occur, such as unbalanced supply and demand, and the extinction of expensive tree species by imminent can not meet the market demand.
Building material enterprises need to innovate and develop, utilize wood resources with high value and change the traditional wood concept. The emergence of the artificial board marks the beginning of the modernization period of wood processing, and the development of the artificial board industry is beneficial to relieving the contradiction between supply and demand of Chinese wood, and is an important way for saving wood resources. In addition, the artificial board can also improve the comprehensive utilization rate of wood. Nowadays, new varieties of artificial boards are increasing. With the improvement of living standard of people, the artificial board has more and more important status in social development and will gradually replace the traditional wood. With the improvement of living standard of modern people, consumers pursue fashion quality and upgrade consumption. The requirement for public buildings is higher and higher, and functional and aesthetic integration is continuously pursued. Some low end quality panels will be phased out, while high quality panels with superior performance will dominate the market.
In the field of decoration at present, the floor widely adopted by people is generally a laminate wood floor, a stone-plastic floor and a rubber floor, but the laminate wood floor has poor elasticity, easy shrinkage, deformation, short service life and large limitation of use places; the stone-plastic floor has poor elasticity, easy aging and poor heat insulation; the rubber floor has the defects of low tensile strength, easy breakage, easy aging and easy combustion.
A comparison patent ZL03155936.0 discloses a natural plant elastic floor, and the natural plant elastic floor mainly adopts natural plants as main raw materials, and elastic adhesive and stone powder are added, and the elastic adhesive selected for use is a high-elasticity polyurethane preparation, so that the floor prepared by the natural plant elastic floor has the characteristics of good elasticity and the like, but the mechanical strength is not enough, and the flame retardant property of the floor prepared by the technical scheme adopted by the comparison patent can not meet the requirements of markets and consumers because the high-elasticity polyurethane preparation is combustible at a certain temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the first aspect of the invention provides an environment-friendly ecological plate, which comprises, by weight, 50-200 parts of modified wood flour, 100-500 parts of stone powder, 10-60 parts of short fibers, 0-50 parts of alkaline earth metal oxide or alkaline earth metal salt, 0-30 parts of thermoplastic resin material and 30-100 parts of curable composition; preferably, the preparation raw materials comprise, by weight, 60-150 parts of modified wood chips, 180-390 parts of stone powder, 20-42 parts of short fibers, 10-36 parts of alkaline earth metal oxides or alkaline earth metal salts, 1-25 parts of thermoplastic resin materials and 50-80 parts of curable reaction compositions; further preferably, the preparation raw materials comprise, by weight, 80-120 parts of modified wood chips, 200-310 parts of stone powder, 30-42 parts of short fibers, 20-32 parts of alkaline earth metal oxides or alkaline earth metal salts, 5-15 parts of thermoplastic resin materials and 62-78 parts of curable reaction compositions.
The modified wood chips are one of the main components of the environment-friendly ecological board material, and have great influence on the performance of the environment-friendly ecological board material, preferably, the preparation raw materials of the modified wood chips comprise the wood chips, a silane coupling agent and a phosphate compound, the purpose of in-situ modification is realized under the action of the silane coupling agent, and the phosphate compound can better act with the wood chips, so that the flame retardant property of the wood chip substrate is improved; further preferably, the phosphate ester compound is selected from any one or more of triethyl phosphate, trimethyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, diisooctyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphite and diphenyl monoisooctyl phosphite; the kind of the silane coupling agent is not particularly limited in the present invention, and may be any one or a combination of two or more of KH-550, KH-560, KH-570 and KH-590.
Based on the consideration of the flame retardant property of the board and the application place, the weight ratio of the wood chips, the phosphate compound and the silane coupling agent is further preferably 1: 0.01-0.2: 0.01-0.05; more preferably, the weight ratio of the wood chips, the phosphate compound and the silane coupling agent is 1: 0.03-0.1: 0.02-0.03; in addition, the silane coupling agent needs to be matched with the amount of the sawdust and the phosphate ester compound, and the excessive or insufficient amount of the silane coupling agent can cause the reduction of the acting force between the phosphate ester compound and the sawdust.
The source of the used wood chips is not particularly limited, for example, the wood chips and the sawdust of the wood processing factory are selected as raw materials; preferably, the sawdust used is sawdust with a particle size of 120-3000 μm, such as 120-200 μm, 250-350 μm, 400-450 μm, 1000-1500 μm, 2000-3000 μm, etc., which is obtained by crushing and sieving with a crusher; the problems that the wood chips cannot be well physically extruded due to large particle sizes and are broken in the process of modifying the plate are avoided, and the problems that the particle sizes are small, the wood chips fly and the plate quality is unstable are also avoided.
The stone powder and the modified wood dust act togetherThe invention is also one of the main components of the ecological environment-friendly plate material, the source of the used stone powder is not particularly limited, for example, the stone powder is formed by natural processing, at present, most of the plate materials usually adopt some stone powder with larger hardness as a raw material for improving the mechanical strength of the plate materials, and the comfort degree of the plate materials in the actual use process and the processing performance of the plate materials in the preparation process are neglected, preferably, the stone powder with Mohs hardness less than 6 is adopted in the invention, so that the stone powder is favorable for mixing and extruding with various materials in the processing process, the stability of the plate materials is improved, and the damage to a cutter and the breakage rate of the plate materials in the subsequent processing of the formed plate materials are reduced; further preferably, the stone dust has a density of less than 3.5g/cm3The sinking of the stone powder in the mixing process of the components is avoided, so that the dispersibility of the stone powder in the plate is influenced, and the performance of the plate is prevented from being influenced; further preferably, the particle size of the stone powder is 20-500 μm, which is smaller than that of the wood chips, and is also beneficial to mixing and extruding with various materials in the processing process.
The curable reaction composition is an epoxy resin system and/or a polyurethane resin system, and can be used for bonding and curing different components to form an ecological plate material.
In some embodiments, when the curable composition is an epoxy resin system, the curable composition is prepared from bisphenol a epoxy resin, PU-modified epoxy resin, glycidyl ether epoxy diluent, and amine; preferably, the weight ratio of the bisphenol A type epoxy resin to the PU modified epoxy resin to the glycidyl ether type epoxy diluent to the amine substance is 1: 0-2: 0-1: 0.2-3; more preferably, the weight ratio of the bisphenol A type epoxy resin to the PU modified epoxy resin to the glycidyl ether type epoxy diluent to the amine substance is 1: 0.5-2: 0.1-1: 1.2-3; when the composition of the curable reaction is an epoxy resin system, the invention adopts the combined action of different types of epoxy resin, which is beneficial to improving the binding power and the waterproof performance of the obtained ecological plate and simultaneously avoiding the damage of the ecological plate; the epoxy groups with reaction activity contained in the bisphenol A type epoxy resin, the PU modified epoxy resin and the glycidyl ether type epoxy diluent form a network structure with proper density under the action of amine substances, the benzene ring in the bisphenol A type epoxy resin also improves the mechanical property of the system, and the flexible chain segments of the bisphenol A type epoxy resin, the PU modified epoxy resin and the glycidyl ether type epoxy diluent improve the entanglement degree of the molecular chain, provide the volume space for molecular migration and improve the compatibility among the components.
Preferably, the epoxy value of the bisphenol A epoxy resin is 0.4-0.6 eq/100 g; specific examples include, but are not limited to: one or more of E44, E51 and E54 has a lower softening point, a shorter molecular chain segment and a lower viscosity, is favorable for molecular migration in a system, and is synergistic with the PU modified epoxy resin and the glycidyl ether type epoxy diluent to improve the compatibility of the system and the curing crosslinking density.
Preferably, the epoxy equivalent of the PU modified epoxy resin is 185-250 g/eq, such as but not limited to: one or more of an epoxy resin having a trade name of NPER-133, an epoxy resin having a trade name of NPER-133L, and an epoxy resin having a trade name of NPER-133M, which are available from south Asia plastics industry, Inc.; the PU modified epoxy resin with the epoxy equivalent of 185-250 g/eq is adopted to act synergistically with bisphenol A epoxy resin and glycidyl ether epoxy diluent, and the viscosity of the PU modified epoxy resin is relatively proper, so that the components of the system are matched with each other under the conditions of different molecular viscosities and molecular chain segments, the tight adhesion and the good compatibility of materials are realized, and the performance of the obtained plate is improved.
Preferably, the glycidyl ether type epoxy diluent is selected from any one or a combination of butyl glycidyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether, benzyl glycidyl ether, C12-14 alkyl glycidyl ether, 1, 4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, 1, 6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, glycerol triglycidyl ether, diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane glycidyl ether, p-tert-butylphenyl glycidyl ether; when the glycidyl ether type epoxy diluent is used as a component of an epoxy resin system, the viscosity of the system and the compatibility of each component can be effectively adjusted, a buffering effect is achieved between the PU modified epoxy resin and the bisphenol A type epoxy resin, and the influence on the uniformity of the system and the dispersion effect of other components in the epoxy resin system due to poor molecular dispersibility of the PU modified epoxy resin and the bisphenol A type epoxy resin is avoided.
The amine is used for realizing the curing of an epoxy resin system, and is preferably any one or a combination of more of a 590 curing agent, a 591 curing agent, a 593 curing agent, a T31 curing agent, a 701 curing agent, a 703 curing agent, a polyether amine D220 and a polyether amine D230; the amine substance has low viscosity, low volatility, low toxicity and high activity with epoxy resin, and is favorable for forming a cured product with high mechanical strength and good heat resistance and aging resistance.
When the epoxy resin system is used, various raw materials are mixed and stirred uniformly.
In some embodiments, when the curable composition is a polyurethane resin system, the raw materials for preparing the curable composition include castor oil and its derivatives, polyether polyols, and diisocyanates; preferably, the weight ratio of the castor oil and the derivatives thereof to the polyether polyol to the diisocyanate is 1: 0.8-1.2: 0.5-1.5, except for an epoxy resin system, a polyurethane resin system formed by the castor oil and the derivatives thereof, the polyether polyol and the diisocyanate can be adopted, and the castor oil and the derivatives thereof and the polyether polyol act together to react with the diisocyanate to adjust the flexibility and polarity of the formed polyurethane molecules, so that the compatibility and dispersion with the components of the system are facilitated, and the mechanical property of the ecological plate is improved.
Preferably, the hydroxyl value of the polyether polyol is 300-500 mg KOH/g; preferably, the viscosity of the polyether polyol is 450-1000 cps at 25 ℃; specific examples include, but are not limited to: the polyether polyol with the brand number of Puranol RF 335, the polyether polyol with the brand number of Puranol RF 345, the polyether polyol with the brand number of Puranol RF 8335, the polyether polyol with the brand number of Puranol RF 635 and the polyether polyol with the brand number of Puranol RF 8021 are purchased from the company of optimized chemical Co., Ltd, and the polyether polyol with the hydroxyl value of 300-500 mg KOH/g and the viscosity of 450-1000 cps at the temperature of 25 ℃ is selected to be beneficial to obtaining a polyurethane resin system with proper cross-linking density, so that poor bonding performance with other components due to large cohesive force is avoided, and poor dispersion effect is also avoided.
Preferably, the castor oil derivative is selected from any one or more of modified castor oil with the trade name of AP10, AP11, A30, A32, A40 and S310, which are produced by Shanghai Jing Nikkai New materials science and technology Limited; the balance of polarity and non-polarity in the system is adjusted, so that the polyurethane system is formed, and the dispersion and compatibility of the polyurethane resin system and other components are facilitated.
The diisocyanate is not particularly limited in the present invention, and examples thereof include, but are not limited to: hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI), Lysine Diisocyanate (LDI), butylene diisocyanate, 1, 3-butadiene-1, 4-diisocyanate, octamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate (hydrogenated MDI), hydrogenated xylylene diisocyanate (hydrogenated XDI), cyclohexane diisocyanate, methylcyclohexane diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate (TMXDI), and the like.
When the polyurethane resin system is used, various raw materials are mixed and stirred uniformly.
The short fiber is preferably short fiber of 3-8 m, such as but not limited to any one or combination of wood fiber, straw fiber, grass fiber, polypropylene fiber, nylon fiber, glass fiber, carbon fiber and basalt fiber; the composite material is used as a dopant of the ecological board and is dispersed in a raw material for preparing the ecological board, the short fiber is beneficial to further improving the mechanical property of the ecological board, meanwhile, the 3-8 m specification is also beneficial to the dispersion of the composite material in a system, the agglomeration caused by small size is avoided, and the problems of uneven dispersion and poor compatibility caused by large size are also avoided.
The alkaline earth metal oxide or the alkaline earth metal salt can react quickly with water to form a stable compound, so that residual water in the ecological plate can be removed effectively in the production process, and specific choices are as follows, for example, but not limited to: any one or more of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium sulfate hemihydrate, tricalcium silicate.
The thermoplastic resin of the present invention has hydrophobic properties, and is preferably a natural or synthetic resin material having a softening point in the range of 60 to 200 ℃, for example, any one or a combination of polyethylene resin, polytetrafluoroethylene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, and polypropylene resin, in view of the processability of the ecological plate.
The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of the environment-friendly ecological plate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing raw materials: weighing modified sawdust, stone powder, short fibers, alkaline earth metal oxide or alkaline earth metal salt, thermoplastic resin material and curable composition in parts by weight, and putting the weighed raw materials into a stirrer to be fully and uniformly stirred to obtain a mixed material;
(2) and (3) pressing and forming: adding the mixed raw materials into a forming die, sending the mixed raw materials into a hot press for pressing, performing thermosetting at the temperature of 120-200 ℃, then releasing pressure, opening the die, and taking out a formed finished product to obtain the finished product; preferably, the shaped finished product is further polished and trimmed to obtain the ecological plate material.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified wood chips comprises the following steps: drying the wood chips, adding a silane coupling agent and a phosphate compound, stirring, discharging and cooling to obtain modified wood chips; further preferably, the preparation method of the modified wood chips comprises the following steps: putting the wood chips into a vacuum drier, drying, controlling the drying temperature at 120 ℃ and 150 ℃, the pressure at-0.08 to-0.03 MPa, and the drying time for 30 to 60 min; adding a silane coupling agent and a phosphate compound, stirring, discharging and cooling to obtain modified wood chips.
The invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
1. the invention reasonably utilizes the recycled waste timber, changes waste into valuable, reduces the production and manufacturing cost, lightens the environmental protection pressure, and realizes the comprehensive utilization of resources;
2. the method adopts the vacuum reduced pressure drying technology to treat the sawdust, so that the sawdust can be quickly dried, meanwhile, the drying process is equivalent to the primary reduced pressure distillation of the sawdust, and small molecular substances such as methanol, acetic acid, phenol, aldehyde and the like generated by fermentation in the sawdust can be removed, so that the peculiar smell is removed, and the color stability and the mechanical strength of the formed plate are improved;
3. according to the invention, the dried sawdust is treated by adopting the phosphate compound and the silane coupling agent, so that the fireproof grade of the sawdust is greatly improved, the bonding force between the sawdust and stone powder and other components is favorably enhanced, and the mechanical strength of the formed plate is improved;
4. the ecological plate prepared by adopting the composition capable of being subjected to the curable reaction as the raw material has the characteristics of no formaldehyde, no solvent, high bonding strength of all components, high compressive strength, good waterproof and fireproof performance, zero formaldehyde, zero VOC (volatile organic compound) emission and the like;
5. the invention adopts stone powder as an additive, which not only can reduce the comprehensive cost, but also can improve the density, compressive strength and flexural strength of the formed plate;
6. the alkaline earth metal oxide or the alkaline earth metal salt adopted by the invention can quickly react with water to form a stable compound, and can quickly react with residual moisture of a mixed material in the hot-press forming process of the plate, so that the size stability of the formed plate is improved, the oxygen index of the plate can be improved, and the flame retardant property of the plate is improved;
7. the invention adopts the thermoplastic resin material with specific softening point to be melted into liquid state in the high-temperature hot-pressing process, can automatically fill the micro-pore defects in the formed plate, and improves the water resistance and waterproof performance of the formed plate;
8. the invention adopts the high-temperature hot-pressing rapid molding technology, and has high production efficiency.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following detailed description, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following described examples are some, not all, of the examples of the present invention, and are only used for illustrating the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Example 1
The embodiment 1 of the invention provides an environment-friendly ecological plate, which comprises the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight:
(1) selecting leftover wood and sawdust of a wood processing factory as raw materials, removing impurities, and crushing and screening sawdust with a crusher, wherein the particle size of the sawdust is 1000-1500 mu m; putting the wood dust into a vacuum drier, controlling the drying temperature to be 140 ℃ and the drying pressure to be-0.04 MPa, and drying for 60 min; weighing and metering the sawdust subjected to vacuum drying, directly transferring the sawdust into a mixer while the sawdust is hot, adding 10kg of triethyl phosphate and 3kg of KH-560 silane coupling agent into each 100kg of dried sawdust, stirring for 10-15min, discharging and cooling to obtain modified sawdust;
(2) weighing 100kg of modified sawdust, 200kg of stone powder, 70kg of curable composition, 30kg of calcium oxide, 10kg of glass fiber and 15kg of polyethylene resin particles, and putting the weighed raw materials into a stirrer to be fully and uniformly stirred to obtain a mixed material; the Mohs hardness of the stone powder is less than 6, and the density is less than 3.5g/cm3The polyethylene resin particle is purchased from Qingyuan high peak powder company, the length of the glass fiber is 3-8 mm, the polyethylene resin particle is purchased from China megastone company, and the polyethylene resin particle is purchased from Qilu branch company of China petrochemical company;
(3) and (3) pressing and forming: adding the mixed raw materials into a forming die, feeding the mixed raw materials into a 1500-ton hot press for pressing, carrying out thermocuring for 8 minutes at the temperature of 150 ℃, then carrying out pressure relief and die opening, taking out a formed finished product, polishing and trimming the formed product to obtain a finished plate;
the curable reaction composition is an epoxy resin system, and the preparation raw materials comprise bisphenol A epoxy resin, PU modified epoxy resin, glycidyl ether epoxy diluent and amine substances; the weight ratio of the bisphenol A type epoxy resin, the PU modified epoxy resin, the glycidyl ether type epoxy diluent and the amine substance is 1: 1.36: 1: 1.2;
the bisphenol A type epoxy resin is E51; the PU modified epoxy resin is NPER-133L epoxy resin which is purchased from south Asia plastic industry GmbH; the glycidyl ether type epoxy diluent is 1, 6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether; the amine substance is T31 curing agent.
Example 2
The embodiment 2 of the invention provides an environment-friendly ecological plate, which comprises the following preparation raw materials and preparation methods:
(1) selecting leftover wood and sawdust of a wood processing factory as raw materials, removing impurities, and crushing and screening sawdust with a crusher, wherein the particle size of the sawdust is 1000-1500 mu m; placing the sawdust into a vacuum drier, controlling the drying temperature at 100 ℃ and 120 ℃, the pressure at-0.06 MPa, and the drying time at 60 min; weighing and metering the sawdust subjected to vacuum drying, directly transferring the sawdust into a mixer while the sawdust is hot, adding 10kg of triethyl phosphate and 3kg of KH-560 silane coupling agent into every 100kg of the dried sawdust, stirring for 10-15min, discharging and cooling to obtain modified sawdust;
(2) weighing 100kg of modified wood chips, 200kg of stone powder, 80kg of curable composition, 50kg of calcium sulfate hemihydrate, 10kg of glass fiber and 15kg of polyvinyl chloride resin powder, and putting the weighed raw materials into a stirrer to be fully and uniformly stirred to obtain a mixed material; the curable composition was the same as in example 1; the specification of the stone powder and the glass fiber is the same as that of the example 1, and the polyvinyl chloride resin powder is SG-5 type and is purchased from Junzheng energy chemical group corporation of inner Mongolia;
(3) and (3) compression molding: adding the mixed raw materials into a forming die, feeding the mixed raw materials into a 1500-ton hot press for pressing, carrying out hot curing at the temperature of 200 ℃ for 5 minutes, then carrying out pressure relief and die opening, taking out a formed finished product, polishing the formed product, and trimming to obtain a finished plate.
Example 3
The embodiment 3 of the invention provides an environment-friendly ecological plate, which comprises the following preparation raw materials and preparation methods:
(1) selecting leftover wood and sawdust of a wood processing factory as raw materials, removing impurities, and crushing and screening sawdust with a crusher, wherein the particle size of the sawdust is 1000-1500 mu m; placing the wood dust into a vacuum drier, controlling the drying temperature at 130-140 ℃, the pressure at-0.05 MPa and the drying time for 60 min; weighing and metering the sawdust subjected to vacuum drying, directly transferring the sawdust into a mixer while the sawdust is hot, adding 10kg of triethyl phosphate and 3kg of KH-560 silane coupling agent into each 100kg of dried sawdust, stirring for 10-15min, discharging and cooling to obtain modified sawdust;
(2) weighing 100kg of modified sawdust, 200kg of stone powder, 70kg of curable composition, 30kg of magnesium oxide, 10kg of glass fiber and 15kg of polypropylene resin particles, and putting the weighed raw materials into a stirrer to be fully and uniformly stirred to obtain a mixed material; the curable composition was the same as in example 1; the specifications of the stone powder and the glass fiber are the same as those of example 1, and the polypropylene resin particles are purchased from Guangzhou division of petrochemical Co., Ltd;
(3) and (3) compression molding: adding the mixed raw materials into a forming die, feeding the mixed raw materials into a 1500-ton hot press for pressing, carrying out hot curing at 180 ℃ for 5 minutes, then carrying out pressure relief and die opening, taking out a formed finished product, polishing the formed product, and trimming to obtain a finished plate.
Example 4
Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides an environment-friendly ecological plate, which comprises the following raw materials and preparation methods:
(1) selecting leftover wood and sawdust of a wood processing factory as raw materials, removing impurities, and crushing and screening sawdust with a crusher, wherein the particle size of the sawdust is 1000-1500 mu m; putting the wood dust into a vacuum drier, controlling the drying temperature to be 140 ℃ and the drying pressure to be-0.04 MPa, and drying for 60 min; weighing and metering the sawdust subjected to vacuum drying, directly transferring the sawdust into a mixer while the sawdust is hot, adding 10kg of triphenyl phosphite and 3kg of KH-560 silane coupling agent into every 100kg of the dried sawdust, stirring for 10-15min, discharging and cooling to obtain modified sawdust;
(2) weighing 100kg of modified wood chips, 150kg of stone powder, 100kg of curable composition, 30kg of calcium oxide, 10kg of glass fiber and 10kg of polyethylene resin particles, and putting the weighed raw materials into a stirrer to be fully and uniformly stirred to obtain a mixed material; the specifications of stone powder, glass fiber and polyethylene resin particles are the same as those of example 1;
(3) and (3) pressing and forming: adding the mixed raw materials into a forming die, feeding the mixed raw materials into a 1500-ton hot press for pressing, carrying out thermocuring for 10 minutes at the temperature of 130 ℃, then releasing pressure, opening the die, taking out a formed finished product, polishing and trimming the formed product to obtain a finished plate;
the curable reaction composition is a polyurethane resin system, and the preparation raw materials comprise castor oil and derivatives thereof, polyether polyol and diisocyanate; the weight ratio of the castor oil and the derivative thereof to the polyether polyol to the diisocyanate is 1: 1.1; the weight ratio of the castor oil to the castor oil derivative is 1: 1;
the polyether polyol is a polyether polyol under the brand number Puranol RF 345 and is available from Iavailable chemical Co., Ltd; the castor oil derivative is AP11, and is available from Shanghai Jing Nissan New materials science and technology Co., Ltd; the diisocyanate is diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
Example 5
Embodiment 5 of the present invention provides an eco-friendly board, which comprises the following raw materials and preparation methods:
(1) selecting leftover wood and sawdust of a wood processing factory as raw materials, removing impurities, and crushing and screening sawdust with the particle size of 1000-1500 mu m by using a crusher; placing the wood dust into a vacuum drier, controlling the drying temperature at 140 ℃ and 150 ℃, the pressure at-0.04 MPa and the drying time for 60 min; weighing and metering the sawdust subjected to vacuum drying, directly transferring the sawdust into a mixer while the sawdust is hot, adding 10kg of triphenyl phosphite and 3kg of KH-560 silane coupling agent into every 100kg of the dried sawdust, stirring for 10-15min, discharging and cooling to obtain modified sawdust;
(2) weighing 100kg of modified sawdust, 150kg of stone powder, 100kg of curable composition, 30kg of magnesium oxide, 10kg of glass fiber and 15kg of polyethylene resin particles, and putting the weighed raw materials into a stirrer to be fully and uniformly stirred to obtain a mixed material; the curable composition was the same as in example 4; the specifications of stone powder, glass fiber and polyethylene resin particles are the same as those of example 1;
(3) and (3) pressing and forming: adding the mixed raw materials into a forming die, feeding the mixed raw materials into a 1500-ton hot press for pressing, carrying out thermocuring for 8 minutes at the temperature of 150 ℃, then releasing pressure, opening the die, taking out a formed finished product, polishing the formed product, and trimming to obtain a finished product plate.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example 1 of the present invention provides an eco-friendly board, which comprises the following raw materials and preparation methods:
(1) selecting leftover wood and sawdust of a wood processing factory as raw materials, removing impurities, and crushing and screening sawdust with the particle size of 1000-1500 mu m by using a crusher; putting the wood dust into a vacuum drier, controlling the drying temperature at 130 ℃ and 140 ℃, the pressure at-0.05 MPa, and the drying time for 60 min;
(2) weighing 100kg of dried sawdust, 200kg of stone powder, 70kg of curable composition, 30kg of calcium oxide and 10kg of glass fiber, and putting the weighed raw materials into a stirrer to be fully and uniformly stirred to obtain a mixed material; the curable composition was the same as in example 1; the specifications of the stone powder and the glass fiber are the same as those of the embodiment 1;
(3) and (3) compression molding: adding the mixed raw materials into a forming die, feeding the mixed raw materials into a 1500-ton hot press for pressing, carrying out hot curing at the temperature of 180 ℃ for 5 minutes, then carrying out pressure relief and die opening, taking out a formed finished product, polishing the formed product, and trimming to obtain a finished product plate.
The finished plates prepared in the above examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 1 were subjected to compressive strength, flexural strength, water absorption and combustion performance level tests, wherein the compressive strength and flexural strength test methods were tested with reference to GB/T50081-2002, the water absorption test method was tested with reference to GB/T461.3-2005, and the combustion performance level test was tested with reference to GB8624-2012, and the test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the fireproof grade of the board prepared by using the modified wood chips is improved from grade B1 to grade A; the water absorption of the prepared plate is obviously reduced.
Comparative example 2
The comparison example 2 of the present invention provides an eco-friendly board, which is the same as the embodiment 1 except that sawdust having a particle size of 8 to 9mm is crushed and sieved by a crusher.
Comparative example 3
The invention provides a comparative example 3 which is an environment-friendly ecological plate, and the specific implementation mode of the environment-friendly ecological plate is the same as that of the example 1, but the density of stone powder is more than 3.5g/cm3Purchased from Jinpeng Friction Material, Inc., of Meta city, Dayu.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 of the present invention provides an eco-friendly board, which is the same as example 1 except that the bisphenol a type epoxy resin is E20.
Comparative example 5
The comparison example 5 of the invention provides an environment-friendly ecological plate, which is the same as the embodiment 1 in the specific implementation manner, except that the PU modified epoxy resin is HS-EP-0004 which is purchased from Chuzhou Huishan electronic materials Co., Ltd, and the viscosity of the PU modified epoxy resin is 1500-3000 cps at 25 ℃.
Comparative example 6
Comparative example 6 of the present invention provides an eco-friendly panel, which is the same as example 1 except that the glycidyl ether type epoxy resin content is replaced with 0.
Comparative example 7
The invention provides a comparison example 7 for providing an environment-friendly ecological plate, which is the same as the embodiment 4 in the specific implementation mode, and is characterized in that polyether polyol is replaced by Puranol RF 635, the viscosity of the plate is 4000-6500 cps at 25 ℃, and the hydroxyl value of the plate is 480-520 mg KOH/g.
Comparative example 8
A comparative example 8 of the present invention provides an eco-friendly board, which is the same as example 4 except that the content of the castor oil derivative is 0.
The finished plates prepared in the comparative examples 2 to 8 are respectively subjected to compression strength and combustion performance grade tests, the compression strength test method is tested according to GB/T50081-2002, the combustion performance grade test is tested according to GB8624-2012, whether the finished plates in the example 1 and the comparative examples 2 to 8 are broken or not and damaged is observed, and the grades are divided into: each experiment corresponds to 100 samples, A-no fracture damage, B-1-10 fracture damages, C-11-25 fracture damages and D-more than or equal to 26 fracture damages; the test results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
| Item | Compressive strength MPa | Grade of combustion performance | Whether or not to break or damage |
| Example 1 | 65.5 | A | A |
| Comparative example 2 | 55.3 | B1 | B |
| Comparative example 3 | 59.6 | B1 | C |
| Comparative example 4 | 54.6 | B1 | C |
| Comparative example 5 | 50.4 | B1 | B |
| Comparative example 6 | 47.9 | B1 | C |
| Comparative example 7 | 51.1 | B1 | B |
| Comparative example 8 | 52.6 | B1 | C |
The foregoing examples are merely illustrative and serve to explain some of the features of the method of the present invention. The appended claims are intended to claim as broad a scope as can be conceived and the examples presented herein are merely illustrative of selected implementations in accordance with all possible combinations of examples. Accordingly, it is applicants' intention that the appended claims are not to be limited by the choice of examples illustrating features of the invention. Where the claims recite a range of values, such ranges are intended to include all sub-ranges subsumed therein, and variations within the ranges are intended to be encompassed by the claims as appended hereto where possible.
Claims (2)
1. The environment-friendly ecological plate is characterized in that the preparation raw materials comprise, by weight, 60-150 parts of modified wood chips, 180-390 parts of stone powder, 20-42 parts of short fibers, 10-36 parts of alkaline earth metal oxides or alkaline earth metal salts, 1-25 parts of thermoplastic resin materials and 50-80 parts of curable reaction compositions;
the preparation method of the modified wood chips comprises the following steps: putting the wood chips into a vacuum drier, drying at the drying temperature of 120 ℃ and the pressure of-0.08 to-0.03 MPa for 30 to 60min, adding a silane coupling agent and a phosphate compound, stirring, discharging and cooling to obtain modified wood chips;
the short fibers are 3-8 mm short fibers;
the Mohs hardness of the stone powder is less than 6; the density of the stone powder is less than 3.5g/cm3(ii) a The particle size of the stone powder is 20-500 mu m;
the alkaline earth metal oxide or the alkaline earth metal salt is selected from any one or a combination of more of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium sulfate hemihydrate and tricalcium silicate;
the thermoplastic resin is any one or combination of polyethylene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin and polypropylene resin;
the curable reaction composition is an epoxy resin system, and the preparation raw materials of the curable reaction composition comprise bisphenol A epoxy resin, PU modified epoxy resin, glycidyl ether epoxy diluent and amine substances; the weight ratio of the bisphenol A type epoxy resin to the PU modified epoxy resin to the glycidyl ether type epoxy diluent to the amine substance is 1: 0.5-2: 0.1-1: 1.2-3; the epoxy value of the bisphenol A type epoxy resin is 0.4-0.6 eq/100 g;
the epoxy equivalent of the PU modified epoxy resin is 185-250 g/eq, and the PU modified epoxy resin is selected from one or more of epoxy resin with the trademark of NPER-133, epoxy resin with the trademark of NPER-133L and epoxy resin with the trademark of NPER-133M;
the particle size of the sawdust is 120-3000 mu m; the weight ratio of the wood chips to the phosphate compound to the silane coupling agent is 1: 0.01-0.2: 0.01-0.05.
2. The method for preparing the eco-friendly ecological plate according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing raw materials: weighing modified wood chips, stone powder, short fibers, alkaline earth metal oxide or alkaline earth metal salt, a thermoplastic resin material and a curable composition in parts by weight, and putting the weighed raw materials into a stirrer to be fully and uniformly stirred to obtain a mixed material;
(2) and (3) compression molding: adding the mixed raw materials into a forming die, sending the mixed raw materials into a hot press for pressing, carrying out thermosetting at the temperature of 120-200 ℃, then releasing pressure, opening the die, and taking out a formed finished product to obtain the finished product.
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| CN113548835B (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2022-09-06 | 广东景龙建设集团有限公司 | Epoxy grindstone and preparation method thereof |
| CN113651584B (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2022-07-29 | 广东景龙建设集团有限公司 | Inorganic grindstone and method for producing same |
| CN114181538A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-15 | 鲁山欧文斯工贸有限公司 | MCM ecological wood and preparation method thereof |
| CN114350111B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-09-19 | 常州市贝美家居科技有限公司 | Floor and preparation method thereof |
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| DE102005059900A1 (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2007-06-28 | Lud. Kuntz Gmbh | Production of fire-retardant wood chip- and wood fiberboard using phosphate compounds and tannin formaldehyde resin, by treating the chips with mixture of tannin and fire retardant, drying the chips and condensing tannin with formaldehyde |
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