CN111993505A

CN111993505A - Apparatus and method for manufacturing material boards

Info

Publication number: CN111993505A
Application number: CN202010459402.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: M·韦森; U·梅尔
Original assignee: Siempelkamp Maschinen und Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Siempelkamp Maschinen und Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2019-05-27
Filing date: 2020-05-27
Publication date: 2020-11-27
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-27
Also published as: DE102019003684A1; CN111993505B

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for producing a material sheet (10), in particular for dividing a web which extends in three spatial directions and has limited dimensions in at least two spatial directions, comprising at least one separating mechanism with a separating tool and a base, at least the base of the separating mechanism being arranged so as to be movable along the guide, and a guide mechanism, the apparatus having a first drive for moving the separating tool relative to the base and a second drive for moving the base relative to the guide. An operator of a material panel production plant, in particular for wood material panels, is to be provided with a possibility of producing material panels, in particular in operation, which is particularly economical. In particular, the energy costs required for manufacturing material boards from a web moving at high production speeds should be reduced. For this purpose, at least one drive is provided for switching between an electric motor mode of operation and a generator mode of operation. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a material sheet.

Description

Apparatus and method for manufacturing material boards

Technical Field

The invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing material boards, in particular for dividing a web extending in three spatial directions and having limited dimensions in at least two spatial directions, comprising at least one separating mechanism with a separating tool and a base, at least the base of the separating mechanism being arranged movable along the guiding mechanism, and a guiding mechanism, the apparatus having a first drive for moving the separating tool relative to the base and a second drive for moving the base relative to the guiding mechanism.

The invention also relates to a method for producing material sheets, in particular for dividing a web which extends in three spatial directions and has a limited dimension in at least two spatial directions, the material sheets being successively separated from the web by means of a separating tool which is arranged on a base belonging to a separating device, for which purpose the base is moved along a guide which is assigned to the same separating device, a first drive driving the separating tool and a second drive moving the base along the guide.

Background

The production of the material sheet can be carried out either batchwise or continuously. While in clock-time production material sheets are produced as planar objects with limited dimensions in all three spatial directions, material sheets produced in a continuous process are dimensioned shears of a web with limited dimensions in only two spatial directions. The mode of operation of the joining and/or compression unit thereby prescribes whether the entire process is a clocked process or a continuous process. Since the compression unit or the combined joining and compression unit usually also operates at considerable pressures in the production of material panels, the skilled person usually refers to these units as press parts with respect to the entire plant. When producing material sheets in the sense of this document, the working pressure is generally about 80N/cm, depending on the material and the dimensions of the material sheet to be produced²To 330N/cm²And advantageously in the range between 130N/cm²To 280N/cm²Within the range of (a).

The material boards in the sense of this document are preferably made of composite materials and here preferably of fibers, in particular wood composite materials, gypsum composite materials, textile composite materials and/or reinforced thermoplastics. Wood composite materials include, for example, laminated paperboard, OSB material (oriented strand board material), MDF material (medium density wood fiber material), HDF material (high density wood fiber material), multi-ply board, plywood, lightweight building board, fourier plywood, and the like. Gypsum composites are understood here to mean, in particular, gypsum boards of various types. The term textile composite material is understood to mean a composite in which at least one composite component comprises a textile. This is often the case in so-called fabric-reinforced laminates. But in the simplest embodiment the term may also include only impregnated fabrics. Reinforced thermoplastics are understood to be all (fibre) reinforced thermoplastics according to the usual language convention.

A material sheet in the sense of this document can also be made of a hybrid composite material in the form of a laminate, as long as at least one layer of the laminate corresponds to one of the composite materials.

Depending on the composite material and the plate thickness, this yields about 3.0kg/m²And about 55.0kg/m²Weight per unit area in between. The plate dimensions that are now common are about 1.8m to 3.7m wide and between 4.0m to 12.0m long, mostly 6.0 m. This can result in a total weight of more than 2,400 kg per sheet of material.

The advantage of the beat press component lies primarily in the lower cost machine design. While continuously operating press components and corresponding production methods are distinguished by a significant increase in productivity and thus by a reduction in the overall production costs. For example, only two of the four side edges of the material sheet are usually cut in order to achieve sufficiently uniform product properties over the entire sheet. Of the present applicant

The press is technically advanced here.

New generation

The press should achieve higher production speeds. It is specified here that the possible production speeds should be increased from a web speed of about 2m/s by a web speed of about 50% to about 3 m/s.

This poses a great challenge for apparatuses which are connected downstream of the press, since these apparatuses are responsible for the transition from continuous to discontinuous production and/or further processing or are already completely designed for discontinuous processing of material boards produced from the web. These apparatuses, so-called finishing areas, include, for example, longitudinal cutters, such as trimming or trimming apparatuses, transverse cutters, such as multi-diagonal cutters, cooling and storage apparatuses, pre-stacking and stacking systems, marking areas, packaging devices and various transport units.

The capacity of these plants assigned to the finishing area must be able to follow the production speed of the presses upstream of them, in order not to unnecessarily reduce the overall productivity of the plant for producing slabs of material.

Since a discontinuously operating production process also comprises stationary and acceleration phases alternating with useful phases in comparison with a continuously operating production process, the processing speed in the useful phases must be higher than in a corresponding continuously operating production process.

The crosscutting device, which is also commonly referred to as a manufacturing apparatus, takes a special position in the apparatus of the finishing area and changes the production process from a continuous mode of operation to a discontinuous mode of operation by separating a sheet of material, limited in size in three dimensions, from a web material, limited in size in only two dimensions and moving at web speed.

The crosscutting devices known from the prior art mostly comprise a cutting device which can usually be guided at an angle relative to the moving web by means of a transverse beam. Such crosscutting devices are described, for example, in DE 3217941 a1, DE 10002802 a1 or DE 102004015891 a 1. In order for a transverse cutting device to be able to produce a rectangular material sheet from a moving web, its speed of movement must be synchronized angularly with the web speed. In order to obtain a clean cut or a clean material sheet edge, the cutting speed of the cutting edge, which is usually rotated about an axis moving linearly along the beam, must also be synchronized accordingly.

From the cited document it is known in the past to arrange a plurality of crosscutting devices in sequence or to equip one crosscutting device with a plurality of cutting devices, so that the productivity of the material sheet production plant can be increased.

In addition, the drive units have also adapted to ever increasing requirements.

To satisfy the described new generation

The requirements of the press and its increased production speed (web speed)Degree) the useful and acceleration phases must be optimized and the rest time minimized.

But from a simple physical relationship it can be seen that increasing the acceleration capability by 50% means that the engine power required for this purpose will increase to 3 times the output power. The power demand will increase even further if other aspects, such as an increase in inertia of the drive unit, are reconsidered.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide the operator of a material board production plant (in particular for wood material boards) with the possibility of producing material boards, in particular in a particularly economical manner during operation. In particular, the energy costs required for manufacturing material boards from a web moving at high production speeds should be reduced.

The object of the invention is achieved in a device of the type mentioned at the outset in the following manner: at least one drive device is provided for switching between an electric motor mode of operation and a generator mode of operation.

At least a part of the energy dissipated as heat during the braking of the separating tool or during the deceleration of the base can thus be recovered, which greatly increases the economy of the operation of the device. The drive in question can perform the task of a brake in generator mode and can also in some cases completely replace the brake that would otherwise be necessary, so that, for example, only one emergency brake has to be provided which is not used or is used only to a very limited extent in normal operation.

The device preferably comprises an electrical energy storage device and preferably a control device operatively connectable to the electrical energy storage device.

In this way, a particularly economical energy budget can be achieved. The (recovered) energy obtained by the generator operation can of course also be provided indirectly (i.e. after temporary storage) or directly to other locations of the plant or to systems in the vicinity of or at a higher level of the plant.

The advantage of providing an accumulator in the apparatus is that the path is short and energy losses in long line paths are avoided.

The electrical storage device may preferably include a capacitor.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the electrical storage device has a consumption point and is operatively connected to at least one electrical consumer, in particular an electric machine, which has a substantially constant energy requirement during normal operation.

For this purpose, although the control device is required to be designed to calculate the energy to be constantly output from the energy intermittently fed into the storage device, the required energy costs can be reduced particularly well in this way.

It can also be provided that the electrical storage device has a consumption point and is operatively connected to at least one consumer, in particular one of the drive devices, which has a changing energy requirement during normal operation.

In this case, the electrical storage device is advantageously designed to provide a high voltage at least for a short time.

Even though this may be slightly less than the overall efficiency of the previous embodiment, this embodiment is preferred because it can cover smaller grid maximum supply peaks. Since supply peaks which can be called up from the (public) grid, for example when starting up a megawatt plant, which are required to ensure the operation of a material panel production plant, usually lead to high contract costs, it is important for the operator to keep the maximum supply peak small. In this regard, electrical storage devices previously fed with energy, which has hitherto been converted uselessly into wear and heat, can be of high value.

In some cases it may be advantageous to configure at least one drive as a rotary electric machine.

Such a drive is inexpensive. There are also rotating electrical machines on the market which can be simply provided for generator-type operation. It is therefore conceivable to upgrade or retrofit existing installations, which have a drive designed as a rotating electrical machine, by appropriate measures, such as interfaces, control devices, electrical storage devices and/or the like, in accordance with the meaning of the invention.

It may also be advantageous if at least one drive is designed as a linear motor.

Linear motors have particularly good acceleration values and are well suited for accelerating small to medium masses (e.g. up to the range of about 300 kg) quickly, accurately and efficiently. The linear motor may thus advantageously influence the energy budget of the device.

The nominal power of the at least one drive is preferably between 2.5KW and 19.5KW, in particular between 4.0KW and 14.5KW, particularly preferably between 4.5KW and 9.5 KW.

Tests have surprisingly shown that these relatively low power ranges in combination with the arrangement of the linear motor are already entirely sufficient for processing material boards, such as wood material boards with a thickness between 2.5mm and 70 mm.

Advantageously, the apparatus comprises or is operatively connected to a transport mechanism forming a transport path for transporting the web material and/or the material sheets.

The transport means forming the transport path for transporting the web and/or material sheets are arranged such that the material sheets to be separated for the manufacture of the material sheets ("master sheets") or preferably the web to be separated pass the separation means of the apparatus and are separated during the movement of the web and/or material sheet(s) produced.

For this purpose, the transport path can preferably comprise a section of the transport device, which can preferably be driven by means of a motor and is arranged in a circulating manner.

In this way, the material sheet to be separated ("master sheet") or preferably the web to be separated can pass through the separating device of the apparatus in a constant working manner, whereby unnecessary start/stop processes and the unnecessary wear and energy consumption associated therewith are avoided.

Advantageously, the apparatus comprises at least one further separating means.

Thereby, the apparatus can also cut off relatively short material sheets from a mother sheet or web which passes the separating means relatively quickly, since one separating means is not usable, i.e. for example on its way back to the original position, another separating means is usable. It is also possible to cut material sheets with a length (direction of movement along the transport path) of 4.0m to 6.0m, for example, when the transport speed (along the transport path) is 2.5m/s to, for example, 3.0 m/s.

In a method for producing material boards, in particular for dividing webs which extend in three spatial directions and have a limited dimension in at least two spatial directions, the material boards are successively separated from the web by means of separating knives arranged on a base belonging to a separating device, for which purpose the base is moved along a guide which is assigned to the same separating device, a first drive drives the separating knives and a second drive moves the base along the guide. The object of the invention is achieved by the following means: the at least one drive device is switched at least once between the motor-type operation and the generator-type operation during operation.

The method is preferably carried out for this purpose using an apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

The advantages resulting from the use of the method and the use of the device can be ascertained in a meaningful manner from the description of the advantages of the device or can be easily transferred or derived therefrom.

Drawings

The invention is explained in detail below on the basis of the accompanying drawings which show only one embodiment. The attached drawings are as follows:

fig. 1 shows a material sheet production plant according to the prior art with a crosscutting device attached thereto and a plant for transporting material sheets in a perspective view.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of an apparatus for manufacturing a material sheet.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a section of a material panel production device 23, as known from the prior art, with a device 1 for producing a material panel 10 connected thereto, in a perspective view.

The material sheet production apparatus 23 is disposed in the space such that its longitudinal direction is along the X axis, its transverse direction (width) is along the Y axis, and its height direction is along the Z axis. The illustrated section corresponds to at least part of a system for transporting and in particular for separating and dividing a material sheet 10, which emerges as a continuous web 2 from a production plant 34, in particular with a continuously operating press, as in the case of the applicant

Presses, also included here for the manufacture of materialsApparatus for singulating a web 2 extending in three spatial directions X, Y, Z and having a limited dimension in at least two spatial directions Y, Z, said apparatus 1 comprising at least one separating mechanism 5 with a separating tool 3 and a base 4 and comprising a guide mechanism 6, at least the base 4 of the separating mechanism 5 being arranged movable along the guide mechanism 6, said apparatus 1 comprising first drive means for moving the separating tool 3 relative to the base 4 and second drive means for moving the base 4 relative to the guide mechanism 6.

The apparatus 1 may comprise a transport mechanism 17 forming a transport path 18 for transporting the web 2 and/or the material sheet 10 or be operatively connected to such a transport mechanism 17.

Fig. 2 now shows, in a schematic representation, one embodiment of an apparatus 1 according to the invention for producing a material sheet 10. The apparatus 1 shown in the figures for manufacturing a material sheet 10, in particular for dividing a web 2 extending in three spatial directions X, Y, Z and having limited dimensions in at least two spatial directions Y, Z, comprises at least one separating means 5 having a separating tool 3 and a base 4, and comprises a guide means 6, at least the base 4 of the separating means 5 being arranged movable along the guide means 6, the apparatus 1 comprising first drive means for moving the separating tool 3 relative to the base 4 and second drive means for moving the base 4 relative to the guide means 6, the apparatus being characterized by third drive means 9, which, like the second drive means 8, are arranged for moving the same base 4 relative to the guide means 6.

The device has a control device 27, by means of which at least the second drive 8 and the third drive 9 can be controlled and/or regulated and which is also suitable for wireless data transmission in the case shown. Alternatively or additionally, the control device 27 may also be adapted for wired data transmission.

In the normal operation of the device 1, the separating tool 3 engages, in the illustrated phase, the web 2, which is transported by the transport mechanism 17 along the transport path 18 substantially in the X direction (i.e. out of the plane of the drawing). In the further course of the separation process, a material sheet 10 is formed from the left edge of the figure, i.e. from the direction of the first side 24. The separating tool is driven by a first drive 7 and in the present case rotates about an axis as part of the base 4. The base 4 is in turn driven by a second drive 8 which moves an endless belt 35 designed to be detachably connected to the base and thus indirectly to the third drive 9 via a coupling 22. The third drive means 9 and the second drive means 8 are of different construction. The second drive 8 is designed as a rotary electric machine 19, while the third drive is designed as a linear electric machine 20. Although the second and third driving means 8, 9 are both in the nominal power range between 4.0KW and 12.5KW, their nominal powers differ from each other.

The third drive 9, which is designed as a linear motor 20, comprises a rail 11 and two

movers

12 and 13, which are arranged on the machine frame in a positionally fixed manner relative to the guide 6, while the rail 11 is connected to the base 4. In the case shown, the width of the track 11 (in the Y direction) is shorter than the width of the useful region 14 (likewise in the Y direction). The length of the overlap thus produced on each

side

24 or 25 of the web 2 to be separated is sufficient for the third drive means 9 to accelerate the second drive means 8 sufficiently for the base 4 to reach the speed required for a straight and perfect cut of the web 2 when the base 4 is moved over the material to be separated at an angle to the transport direction of the web 2.

In one of the

edge regions

15 or 16 arranged next to the useful region 14, the base is therefore accelerated together over a short stroke by the two drives 8 and 9 and is subsequently moved in the useful region only by the drive 8. This is done in a space and energy saving manner. The end point of the respective mover facing the web may also be said to be a kind of coupling, since the track 11 is automatically disengaged when leaving the active area of the

respective mover

12 or 13.

As an alternative, however, the track can also be configured in a manner not shown so long (in the Y direction) that it covers at least the useful region completely (in the Y direction).

The

movers

12 and 13 are each operatively connected to a cooling device 21. Of course, this can also be the same cooling device 21 with two active areas.

The linear motor 20 acts in motoring operation when the base 4 is accelerated, and it acts in generator operation when the base 4 is decelerated as required after the decoupling process and is therefore suitable for converting a portion of the kinetic energy to be reduced in deceleration into storable energy and supplying it to the storage device.

For the return path, i.e. the path that should not bring the separating knives 3 into active engagement with the web 2 to be separated, the separating knives are configured to be lifted upwards (in the Z direction) by the telescopic structure of the base 4 and thus to be able to change their distance a from the web.

In order to facilitate a particularly precise separation process, but for example also to optimize the energy economy of the linear motor 20 and therefore of the device 1, the track 11 of the linear motor even has two (for redundancy reasons) indicators 36.

The energy "obtained" in the generator mode of operation of the linear machine can be supplied directly or indirectly (via the energy storage device 26) to the consumers of the installation 1 or of the material panel production installation 23. In the case shown, the electrical storage device has a consumption point 32 for this purpose, by means of which the drive 8, which is designed as a rotating electrical machine 19, can be used to consume energy. For this purpose, the drive device 8 and/or the storage device 26 can be controlled or regulated by the control device 27. Furthermore, the energy storage device 26 has a consumption point 33 which is open for connection to consumers, but can be connected to consumers in the system 1 or in the material plate production system 23, for example.

It is of course conceivable that a plurality of separating means 5, 5 'or 5, 5' and 5 "arranged one behind the other in the plane of the drawing can be provided in the described device 1. It is also possible to arrange a plurality of devices 1 one after the other along the transport path 18.

It is of course also conceivable that the other separating means 5 'or 5 "can each be constructed corresponding to the described separating means 5 and can be arranged so as to be movable along the same guide means 6 or a separate guide means 6' or 6" associated therewith. Fig. 2 merely shows by way of example a base 4 'which is arranged in the direction of movement of the web to be separated even before the above-described assembly comprising the separating blade 3, the base 4, the guide means 6 and the drive devices 7 to 9, and represents further separating means 5', 5 "and, if appropriate, associated guide means 6', 6" and corresponding drive devices 7', 7 ", 8', 8", 9', 9 ". But this order is used here only for better display and its naming is of course reversible.

The illustrated embodiments may be modified, altered, and expanded in various ways within the disclosure of this document without departing from the scope of the invention.

For example, embodiments are also conceivable in which only one drive is provided for each base, which drive is designed, for example, as a simple rotary motor.

List of reference numerals

1 apparatus

2 Web Material

3 separating tool

4 base

5 separating mechanism

5' second/other separating means

6 guiding mechanism

7 first driving device

8 second drive device

9 third driving device

10 sheet of material

11 track

12 mover (first mover)

13 other mover (second mover)

13' other movers

14 useful region

15 edge area

16 edge region

17 transport mechanism

18 transport path

19 rotating electric machine

20 linear motor

21 cooling device

22 coupling

23 material board production facility

24 first side

25 second side

26 electric storage device

27 control device

28 indicator

29 rotating electric machine

30 electric machine

31 transport mechanism

32 consumption point

33 consumption point

34 production equipment (continuous working press)

35 leather belt

36 indicator

Distance A

X spatial direction, longitudinal direction

Y-space direction and transverse direction

Z space direction and height direction

Claims

1. An apparatus (1) for manufacturing a material sheet (10), in particular for dividing a web (2) extending in three spatial directions (X, Y, Z) and having limited dimensions in at least two spatial directions (Y, Z), the device (1) comprises at least one separating means (5) with a separating tool (3) and a base (4) and comprises a guide means (6), at least the base (4) of the separating means (5) being arranged to be movable along the guide means (6), the device (1) has a first drive (7) for moving the separating tool (3) relative to the base (4) and a second drive (8) for moving the base (4) relative to the guide (6), characterized in that at least one drive (7, 8) is provided for switching between an electric motor mode of operation and a generator mode of operation.

2. An apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the apparatus (1) comprises an electrical storage device (26) and preferably a control device (27) operatively connected to the electrical storage device (26).

3. Device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the storage means (26) have a consumption point (31, 32) and are operatively connected to at least one consumer, in particular an electric motor (30), which has a substantially constant energy requirement during normal operation.

4. Device (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the storage means (26) has a consumption point (32, 33) and is operatively connected to at least one consumer, in particular one of the drive means (7, 8), which has a changing energy requirement during normal operation.

5. The apparatus (1) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one drive device (7, 8) is configured as a rotary electric machine (29).

6. The apparatus (1) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one drive device (7, 8) is configured as a linear motor (20).

7. The plant (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nominal power of at least one drive (7, 8) is between 2.5KW and 19.5KW, in particular between 4.0KW and 14.5KW, particularly preferably between 4.5KW and 9.5 KW.

8. An apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the apparatus comprises a transport mechanism (17) forming a transport path (18) for transporting the web material (2) and/or the material sheet (10) or is in operative connection with such a transport mechanism (17).

9. The apparatus (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the transport path (18) comprises a section of an endless transport device (31), preferably drivable by means of a motor (30).

10. The apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the apparatus (1) comprises at least one further separating means (5').

11. A method for manufacturing a material sheet (10), in particular for dividing a web (2) extending in three spatial directions (X, Y, Z) and having limited dimensions in at least two spatial directions (Y, Z), the material sheet (10) being successively separated from the web (2) by means of a separating tool (3) arranged on a base (4) belonging to a separating means (5), for which purpose the base (4) is moved along a guide means (6) associated with the same separating means (5), a first drive (7) driving the separating tool (3) and a second drive (8) moving the base (4) along the guide means (6), characterized in that at least one drive (7, 8) is switched at least once between motor-type operation and generator-type operation during operation.

12. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it is implemented using a device according to any one of claims 1 to 10.