CN111988108B - Anti-interference high-precision signal synchronization method based on access code in Bluetooth receiver - Google Patents

Anti-interference high-precision signal synchronization method based on access code in Bluetooth receiver Download PDF

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CN111988108B
CN111988108B CN202011138305.0A CN202011138305A CN111988108B CN 111988108 B CN111988108 B CN 111988108B CN 202011138305 A CN202011138305 A CN 202011138305A CN 111988108 B CN111988108 B CN 111988108B
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value
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access code
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peak value
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CN111988108A (en
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刘德良
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Nanjing Qinheng Microelectronics Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J11/00—Orthogonal multiplex systems, e.g. using WALSH codes
    • H04J11/0023—Interference mitigation or co-ordination
    • H04J11/0026—Interference mitigation or co-ordination of multi-user interference
    • H04J11/0036—Interference mitigation or co-ordination of multi-user interference at the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/0077—Multicode, e.g. multiple codes assigned to one user
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2656—Frame synchronisation, e.g. packet synchronisation, time division duplex [TDD] switching point detection or subframe synchronisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J2013/0096—Network synchronisation

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-interference high-precision signal synchronization method based on an access code in a Bluetooth receiver, wherein the access code agreed by two parties is used as a local training sequence; sampling a received signal, continuously carrying out delay difference operation on two sampling values separated by one code element period, obtaining a sequence to be correlated according to the result of the delay difference operation, carrying out sliding correlation operation on the sequence to be correlated and a local training sequence, searching a peak value of a correlation value, and taking a sampling moment corresponding to the peak value as an initial position of an access code to realize frame timing synchronization. The invention utilizes the Bluetooth access code to carry out signal synchronization, is not easy to be interfered by other signals in the same frequency band, has high signal detection accuracy, and greatly reduces the problems of missed detection or false detection, thereby improving the working efficiency of the Bluetooth receiver, ensuring the accurate and safe Bluetooth communication and leading the communication system to be more stable and reliable.

Description

Anti-interference high-precision signal synchronization method based on access code in Bluetooth receiver
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of Bluetooth signal transmission, and particularly relates to an anti-interference high-precision signal synchronization method based on an access code in a Bluetooth receiver.
Background
In a bluetooth receiver, since the frame header part of the frame structure has strong regularity (e.g. the frame header is 01010101 or 10101010 in bluetooth 4.2), the frame header is usually used for signal detection and symbol synchronization. However, the frequency band where bluetooth is used for communication is an unlicensed frequency band, and communication devices using the frequency band for communication include many devices conforming to different protocol standards, such as wifi and the like, in addition to bluetooth. Therefore, the bluetooth communication process is very susceptible to severe influences of multiple interferences such as co-channel interference, adjacent channel interference and the like. At this time, if the frame header is used to detect the signal, the problems of missing detection and false detection are easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides an anti-interference high-precision signal synchronization method based on an access code in a Bluetooth receiver, aiming at solving the problem that the detection signal of the Bluetooth receiver is easy to have missed detection and false detection in the prior art.
The technical scheme is as follows: an anti-interference high-precision signal synchronization method based on an access code in a Bluetooth receiver comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking the access codes agreed by both parties as local training sequences;
step two: sampling a received signal, continuously performing delay difference operation on two sampling values which are separated by one code element period, wherein the delay difference operation comprises phase operation, taking a phase difference obtained by the delay difference operation as a sequence to be correlated, performing sliding correlation operation on the sequence to be correlated and a local training sequence, setting a first threshold value, taking a maximum value which appears after the correlation value exceeds the first threshold value as a peak value of the correlation value, and taking a sampling time corresponding to the peak value as an initial position of an access code, thereby realizing frame timing synchronization.
Further, in the second step, the method for obtaining the peak value of the correlation value includes: setting a first threshold value and a first time length, and determining the maximum value appearing in the first time length after the correlation value exceeds the first threshold value as the peak value of the correlation value.
Further, in the second step, the method for obtaining the peak value of the correlation value includes: setting a first threshold value; when the extreme value appears for the first time after the correlation value exceeds the first threshold value, the peak value of the correlation value is determined.
Further, the method also comprises the third step of:
based on the position of the access code and the position of the frame header, determining the position of the frame header according to the initial position of the access code, and enabling the signal to be receivedr(t) iniTbThe sample value at/M time isr i Delaying the sampling value of the frame header part by 2TbIs related to the delay difference and is summed to obtain the angle
Figure 361111DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Where v denotes the number of symbols involved in the frequency offset estimation, M denotes an oversampling factor, TbIs a sampling period;
obtaining an estimate of frequency offset
Figure 747093DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Comprises the following steps:
Figure 995672DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
。
an anti-interference high-precision signal synchronization method based on an access code in a Bluetooth receiver comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking the access codes agreed by both parties as local training sequences;
step two: sampling a received signal, continuously carrying out delay difference operation on two sampling values which are separated by one code element period, taking a difference result of the delay difference operation as a sequence to be correlated, carrying out sliding correlation operation on the sequence to be correlated and a local training sequence, searching a peak value of a correlation value, and taking a sampling moment corresponding to the peak value as an initial position of an access code to realize frame timing synchronization;
the method for obtaining the peak value of the correlation value comprises the following steps: setting a second threshold value and a second time length, and determining a maximum value appearing in the second time length after the correlation value exceeds the second threshold value as a peak value of the correlation value;
setting the second threshold value as Th1EkThe second threshold value is determined by the following method:
set the sampling value asr(T) a sampling period of Tb，
Figure 859722DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Difference result of delayed difference operation
Figure 142936DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
Comprises the following steps:
Figure 434240DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
wherein, a0In order to achieve the gain,hin order to be the modulation index,I k for the k-th symbol of the transmission,
Figure 904536DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
g (t) is the response of a rectangular pulse of symbol period length through a Gaussian filter, n (t) is additive white Gaussian noise,
Figure 572278DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
to demodulate the frequency offset;
defining an energy value Ek
Figure 208533DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
Let the proportional parameter of the second threshold be Th1Obtaining a second threshold value T according to the proportional parameter and the energy value of the second thresholdh1EkThe size of (2).
Further, in the second step, the method for obtaining the peak value of the correlation value includes: setting a second threshold value; and determining the peak value of the correlation value when the extreme value appears for the first time after the correlation value exceeds the second threshold value.
Further, the method also comprises the third step of:
based on the position of the access code and the position of the frame header, determining the position of the frame header according to the initial position of the access code, and enabling the signal to be receivedr(t) iniTbThe sample value at/M time isr i Delaying the sampling value of the frame header part by 2TbIs related to the delay difference and is summed to obtain the angle
Figure 670738DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
WhereinvRepresenting the number of symbols participating in the frequency offset estimation, M representing the oversampling factor, TbIs a sampling period;
obtaining an estimate of frequency offset
Figure 893909DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
Comprises the following steps:
Figure 99763DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
。
has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the anti-interference high-precision synchronization method based on the access code in the Bluetooth receiver utilizes the Bluetooth access code to perform signal synchronization, is not easily interfered by other signals in the same frequency band, has high signal detection accuracy, and greatly reduces the problems of missed detection or false detection, thereby improving the working efficiency of the Bluetooth receiver, ensuring the accuracy and safety of Bluetooth communication and leading a communication system to be more stable and reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the output of correlation values for a sliding correlation operation;
FIG. 2 is a probability distribution diagram of frame timing errors;
fig. 3 is an output graph of the root mean square error of the frequency offset estimate.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows:
an anti-interference high-precision signal synchronization method based on an access code in a Bluetooth receiver comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking the access codes agreed by both parties as local training sequences;
step two: sampling a received signal, continuously carrying out delay difference operation on two sampling values separated by one code element period, wherein the delay difference operation comprises phase operation, taking the phase difference as a sequence to be correlated, carrying out sliding correlation operation on the sequence to be correlated and a local training sequence, searching the peak value of a correlation value, and taking the sampling time corresponding to the peak value as the initial position of an access code to realize frame timing synchronization.
The method for obtaining the peak value of the correlation value comprises the following steps: setting a first threshold value and a first time length, and determining the maximum value appearing in the first time length after the correlation value exceeds the first threshold value as the peak value of the correlation value.
In this embodiment, the bluetooth BLE uses a GFSK with a modulation coefficient of 0.5 as a specific modulation method, and a frequency band signal formed by modulation thereof can be represented as follows:
Figure 91989DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
whereinT b For the duration of the transmission of the symbol,I n is the first of transmissionnA symbol, which takes the value of +1 or-1. Passing Gaussian of rectangular pulse with g (t) being the length of symbol periodThe response of the filter is such that,his a modulation index, the value of which is 0.5,f cis a carrier modulation frequency, andg(t) satisfies
Figure 990675DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
Let us order
Figure 701142DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
Then
Figure 445107DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
. Since the energy of the Gaussian filter is mainly concentrated in
Figure 55955DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
Within the range, can be approximately considered
Figure 859963DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
。
Assuming demodulation frequency offset of
Figure 57726DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
And the channel is an additive white gaussian noise channel, the receiving of the down-converted baseband signal can be represented as:
Figure 870961DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
where n (t) is additive white Gaussian noise,
Figure 837780DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
are frequency offsets of both the transmitting and receiving sides.
Order to
Figure 78269DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
Wherein
Figure 232170DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
。
For a time interval of TbCarrying out difference operation on two received signal sample values, carrying out phase operation, neglecting the influence of noise, and then
Figure 849096DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
Let t0=TbThen, then
Figure 168956DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
Let the access code of the transmitting end be cm(0. ltoreq. m. ltoreq.31), performing the following correlation operation
Figure 580346DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
If Ik+m=cm(0. ltoreq. m.ltoreq.31), then
Figure 487122DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
Due to the pseudo-randomness of the access code, then
Figure 376581DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
Thus, therefore, it is
Figure 317992DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
As can be seen from the above, when the received signal and the local training sequence are aligned, the correlation value has a peak, thereby achieving high-precision frame timing synchronization. Fig. 1 shows the result of correlation with the present method at an oversampling factor of 8, and it can be seen that when the received signal is aligned with the local sequence, a significant correlation peak occurs, thus ensuring accurate frame timing synchronization. Fig. 2 shows the probability distribution of timing error with SNR =9dB, over-sampling factor of 8. The probability of a timing error exceeding 60% is zero and the probability of a timing error exceeding two sampling intervals is close to zero.
To find the best frame timing position, a first threshold T needs to be seth0When y isk＞Th0Then, the optimum frame timing position is considered to be close, and the position is found in a plurality of sampling values in the following first time length so that ykThe maximum position, then the position is the best frame timing position. Or the method without setting the first time length can be adopted, at yk＞Th0The peak value is considered to be reached when the first extreme point is reached, the method is not unique, and the peak value is selected to be searched for in the embodiment for convenience of operation.
Example two:
the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the phase is not operated during the delay difference operation, and the delay difference value is directly used to perform the subsequent correlation operation.
When t is0=TbNeglecting the influence of noise, the delay difference value is
Figure 900283DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
But now the correlation value will be subjected to a gain value a0Due to the influence of
Figure 294355DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
If Ik+m=cm(0. ltoreq. m.ltoreq.31), then
Figure 987505DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
Since G (0) is much less than 1/2, it is preferable that
Figure 744940DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
Obviously, this correlation value is subject to a gain a0The influence of (c). For this purpose, the following energy values need to be calculated
Figure 498132DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
Setting a second threshold Th1EkWherein, Th1Is a proportional parameter of the second threshold when
Figure 379501DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
Then the optimum frame timing position is approached. Searching for the sampled value in a subsequent second time period
Figure 876341DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
The maximum position, then the position is the best frame timing position. Or a method of not setting the first time period may be adopted in
Figure 526765DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
The peak value is considered to be reached when the first extreme point is reached, the method is not unique, and the peak value is selected to be searched for in the embodiment for convenience of operation.
In contrast to the first embodiment, the method of the second embodiment does not require calculation of phase values, but requires calculation of energy values. In practice, the method can be flexibly selected according to specific requirements.
Example three:
in the third embodiment, a step of frequency offset estimation is added on the basis of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, that is, the third step:
after the frame timing synchronization is realized, the initial position of the access code is determined, and the position of the frame header is also determined according to the relationship between the position of the access code and the position of the frame header. Since the frame header is 01010101 or 10101010 sequence, the waveform of the frame header part is 2T periodbAnd repeatedly occurs. Let the received signal r (t) be atiTb/MThe sample value of the time isr i Delaying the sampling value of frame head to 2TbIs related to the delay difference and is summed to obtain the angle
Figure 185280DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
WhereinvRepresenting the number of symbols participating in the frequency offset estimation and M representing the oversampling factor.
Thereby obtaining an estimate of the frequency offset
Figure 553944DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
Figure 3 shows the root mean square frequency offset estimation error (RMSE) after this estimation method. This error is less than 2.2kHz at SNR =9 dB. Since the symbol rate is 1 Msymbol/s, the normalized error is about 2.2 × 10-4. For GFSK demodulation, this frequency offset estimation accuracy is fully satisfactory.

Claims (7)

1. An anti-interference high-precision signal synchronization method based on an access code in a Bluetooth receiver is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking the access codes agreed by both parties as local training sequences;
step two: sampling the received signal, and continuously performing delay difference operation on two sampling values separated by one code element period
Figure 469097DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
，
Figure 979713DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
And
Figure 228292DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
respectively two sampling values, and calculating
Figure 485485DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
The phase difference is obtained, the phase difference obtained by the delay difference operation is used as a sequence to be correlated, the sequence to be correlated and a local training sequence are subjected to sliding correlation operation, a first threshold value is set, the maximum value appearing after the correlation value exceeds the first threshold value is used as the peak value of the correlation value, the sampling time corresponding to the peak value is used as the initial position of the access code, and frame timing synchronization is achieved.
2. The method for synchronizing anti-interference high-precision signals based on access codes in a bluetooth receiver according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the method for obtaining the peak value of the correlation value comprises: setting a first threshold value and a first time length, and determining the maximum value appearing in the first time length after the correlation value exceeds the first threshold value as the peak value of the correlation value.
3. The method for synchronizing anti-interference high-precision signals based on access codes in a bluetooth receiver according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the method for obtaining the peak value of the correlation value comprises: setting a first threshold value; when the extreme value appears for the first time after the correlation value exceeds the first threshold value, the peak value of the correlation value is determined.
4. The method for synchronizing interference-free high-precision signals based on access codes in a Bluetooth receiver according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising the steps of:
based on the position of the access code and the position of the frame header, determining the position of the frame header according to the initial position of the access code, and enabling the signal to be receivedr(t) iniTbThe sample value at/M time isr i Delaying the sampling value of the frame header part by 2TbIs related to the delay difference and is summed to obtain the angle
Figure 96595DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Where v represents the number of symbols involved in the frequency offset estimation and M represents the oversamplingFactor, TbIs a sampling period;
obtaining an estimate of frequency offset
Figure 653479DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Comprises the following steps:
Figure 717249DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
。
5. an anti-interference high-precision signal synchronization method based on an access code in a Bluetooth receiver is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking the access codes agreed by both parties as local training sequences;
step two: sampling the received signal, and continuously performing delay difference operation on two sampling values separated by one code element period
Figure 775204DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
，
Figure 912924DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
And
Figure 499764DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
respectively taking the difference result of the delay difference operation as a to-be-correlated sequence, performing sliding correlation operation on the to-be-correlated sequence and a local training sequence, searching a peak value of the correlation value, and taking a sampling moment corresponding to the peak value as an initial position of an access code to realize frame timing synchronization;
the method for obtaining the peak value of the correlation value comprises the following steps: setting a second threshold value and a second time length, and determining a maximum value appearing in the second time length after the correlation value exceeds the second threshold value as a peak value of the correlation value;
setting the second threshold value as Th1EkThe second threshold value is determined by the following method:
set the sampling value asr(T) a sampling period of Tb，
Figure 722935DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Difference result of delayed difference operation
Figure 53422DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
Comprises the following steps:
Figure 45649DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
wherein, a0In order to achieve the gain,hin order to be the modulation index,I k for the k-th symbol of the transmission,
Figure 68968DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
g (t) is the response of a rectangular pulse of symbol period length through a Gaussian filter, n (t) is additive white Gaussian noise,
Figure 107331DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
to demodulate the frequency offset;
defining an energy value Ek
Figure 851296DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
Let the proportional parameter of the second threshold be Th1Obtaining a second threshold value T according to the proportional parameter and the energy value of the second thresholdh1EkThe size of (2).
6. The method for synchronizing anti-interference high-precision signals based on the access codes in the bluetooth receiver according to claim 5, wherein in the second step, the method for obtaining the peak value of the correlation value comprises: setting a second threshold value; and determining the peak value of the correlation value when the extreme value appears for the first time after the correlation value exceeds the second threshold value.
7. The method for synchronizing interference-free high-precision signals based on the access codes in the Bluetooth receiver according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising the steps of:
based on the position of the access code and the position of the frame header, determining the position of the frame header according to the initial position of the access code, and enabling the signal to be receivedr(t) iniTbThe sample value at/M time isr i Delaying the sampling value of the frame header part by 2TbIs related to the delay difference and is summed to obtain the angle
Figure 91172DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
WhereinvRepresenting the number of symbols participating in the frequency offset estimation, M representing the oversampling factor, TbIs a sampling period;
obtaining an estimate of frequency offset
Figure 895180DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
Comprises the following steps:
Figure 217577DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
。
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