CN111985798A - Water shortage type northern city multi-condition water resource supply and demand balance calculation analysis method - Google Patents
Water shortage type northern city multi-condition water resource supply and demand balance calculation analysis method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water shortage type northern city multi-condition water resource supply and demand balance calculation analysis method, which comprises the following steps: collecting water demand data and water supply data; determining a reference year and a planned horizontal year; calculating the water demand based on the water demand data, the reference year and the planning horizontal year; and (4) carrying out multi-condition water resource supply and demand balance analysis by combining the water demand calculation result and the water supply data. The method makes up the defects that the traditional analysis does not specially aim at the water resource supply and demand balance of northern water-deficient cities, does not consider various factors and the like, carries out detailed and perspective water resource supply and demand balance analysis on local water resources, and provides a plurality of solutions and methods for urban water resource allocation and planning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water resource management, in particular to a water shortage type northern city multi-condition water resource supply and demand balance calculation analysis method.
Background
With the rapid development of economic society of China, the short board of water resource shortage is shown, and particularly in northern water-deficient cities, the development of social economy and the promotion of beautiful life of people are limited to a certain extent. According to the latest survey data, more than 400 cities in 600 cities in the country have water shortage, and northern cities account for 62% of the total number. And the northern cities have the problems of weak water-saving consciousness, less precipitation, large evaporation capacity, undeveloped river network, water resource shortage and the like of people, and the contradiction between supply and demand in city development is more prominent.
With the rapid development of economic society of China, the short board of water resource shortage is shown, and particularly in northern water-deficient cities, the development of social economy and the promotion of beautiful life of people are limited to a certain extent. According to the latest survey data, more than 400 cities in 600 cities in the country have water shortage, and northern cities account for 62% of the total number. And the northern cities have the problems of weak water-saving consciousness, less precipitation, large evaporation capacity, undeveloped river network, water resource shortage and the like of people, and the contradiction between supply and demand in city development is more prominent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water shortage type northern city multi-condition water resource supply and demand balance calculation and analysis method, overcomes the defects that the traditional analysis does not specially aim at the water resource supply and demand balance of northern water shortage type cities, does not consider various factors and the like, performs detailed and perspective water resource supply and demand balance analysis on local water resources, and provides various solutions and methods for urban water resource allocation and planning.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention:
the invention provides a water shortage type northern city multi-condition water resource supply and demand balance calculation analysis method, which comprises the following steps:
collecting water demand data and water supply data;
determining a reference year and a planned horizontal year;
calculating the water demand based on the water demand data, the reference year and the planning horizontal year;
and (4) carrying out multi-condition water resource supply and demand balance analysis by combining the water demand calculation result and the water supply data.
Further, the water demand data comprises at least one of domestic water demand, industrial water demand, agroforestry water demand and ecological water demand.
Further, the domestic water demand is calculated by formula (1):
Q＝Nq×365/1000 (1)
in the formula: q is the comprehensive water demand of life and the unit is m3(ii) a N is the number of planned horizontal annual population, and the unit is human; and q is the quota standard of the comprehensive domestic water consumption of all people in the planning period, and the unit is L/person.d.
Further, the industrial water demand is calculated by equation (2):
Wt＝αt×It (2)
in the formula: wtPlanning the water consumption of the ten thousand yuan industrial output value for t; alpha is alphatPlanning water consumption for ten thousand yuan industrial output value for t; i istThe horizontal year industrial production value is specified for t.
Further, the agroforestry water demand is calculated by formula (3):
WArg＝Wt, agricultural+WGrazing method+WForest (forest) (3)
In the formula: wt, agriculturalPlanning horizontal annual field irrigation for t, WGrazing methodWater requirement for animal husbandry, WForest (forest)Water is needed for the forest industry;
wherein, t planning horizontal year farmland irrigation quantity is calculated through a formula (4):
in the formula: wt, agriculturalPlanning horizontal annual field irrigation quantity, alpha, for ttPlanning the Water quota for irrigation of the horizontal year Farmland for t, AtPlanning the effective irrigation area of the crops in the horizontal year for t;
calculating the livestock water demand by formula (5):
Wgrazing method＝∑nimi (5)
In the formula: wGrazing methodWater requirement for animal husbandry, niThe number of heads or pieces of various livestock or poultry, miWater ration for various livestock or poultry;
calculating the forest industry water demand through a formula (6):
Wforest (forest)＝∑aibi (6)
In the formula: wForest (forest)For water demand in the forest industry, aiThe planting area of various tree species, biWater ration for various tree species.
Further, the ecological water demand is calculated by the formula (7):
WEco＝WG+Wct+Wch (7)
in the formula: wEcoFor ecological water demand, WGFor green land ecological water demand, WctThe water supply quantity for the river and lake year is WchWater is needed for environmental sanitation;
wherein, the green land ecological water demand is calculated by the formula (8):
WG＝SGqG (8)
in the formula: wGFor green land ecological water demand, SGIs the green area, qGThe urban green land is irrigated with a fixed amount;
calculating the annual water supply of rivers and lakes through a formula (9):
Wct＝F+fV-S(P-E)/1000 (9)
in the formula: wctThe annual water replenishing amount of rivers and lakes, F the water leakage amount, F the water changing period, V the water volume of cities and towns rivers and lakes, S the water surface area, and P, E the precipitation amount and the water surface evaporation amount respectively;
calculating the sanitation water demand by equation (10):
Wch＝Scqc (10)
in the formula: wchWater requirement for environmental hygiene, ScIs the urban area, qcThe water demand for environmental sanitation of unit area is rated.
Further, the water resource supply and demand balance analysis comprises a first water resource supply and demand balance analysis, a second water resource supply and demand balance analysis and a third water resource supply and demand balance analysis.
Further, the first time water resource supply and demand balance analysis is one time supply and demand balance based on the current water supply capacity;
the first supply and demand balance analysis is based on the current water level and water supply capacity, and the supply and demand characteristics of water resources in the future area are analyzed on the premise of not considering new water-saving measures.
Further, the second water resource supply and demand balance analysis is a second supply and demand balance based on overseas water transfer as ground water;
and the second water resource supply and demand balance analysis is based on the first water resource supply and demand balance analysis, and the local water and the outdoor water are uniformly configured by providing a low-medium-high scheme and combining the utilization of the outdoor water for the supply and demand gaps still existing in the northern water-deficient area.
Further, the third water resource supply and demand balance analysis is a third supply and demand balance based on the local water resource bearing capacity;
and the third water resource supply and demand balance analysis is based on the first supply and demand balance, and unreasonable water increase is inhibited from the demand side through various reinforced water saving measures which are technically, economically and feasible, so that the water shortage rate is reduced.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method is based on the current situation, the local water resource bearing capacity and the overseas water transfer compensation as the ground water, overcomes the defects that no water resource supply and demand balance specially aiming at northern water shortage type cities exists in the traditional analysis, and no multi-aspect factors are considered, performs detailed and perspective water resource supply and demand balance analysis on the local water resources, and provides various solutions and methods for urban water resource allocation and planning.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention discloses a water shortage type northern city multi-condition water resource supply and demand balance calculation analysis method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting data;
s2: determining a reference year and a planned horizontal year;
s3: calculating water demand;
s4: the first time water resource supply and demand balance analysis;
s5: the second time of water resource supply and demand balance analysis;
s6: and thirdly, carrying out balance analysis on water resource supply and demand.
The data collected in S1 above mainly includes the following data: water demand (including domestic water demand, industrial water demand, agriculture and forestry water demand, ecological water demand and the like) and available water resource quantity (including surface water, underground water, diversion water, unconventional water and the like).
In the above S2, the reference year and the planning horizontal year are determined, that is, the reference year and the planning horizontal year for the balance analysis of the supply and demand of water resources in the northern city are selected. Generally, existing data in the last year is selected as a reference year, generally, the next 3-20 years are selected as planning horizontal years, and the data are determined according to the conditions of each city.
The calculation of the water demand in S3 includes the following calculation:
a1: the water requirement for life;
a2: industrial water demand;
a3: water demand for agriculture and forestry;
a4: the ecological water requirement.
The A1 water demand for life can be obtained by directly consulting the reference year data, and the planned horizontal year data needs to be obtained by calculating the planned horizontal year population and the per-capita comprehensive domestic water consumption quota standard in the planning period. The calculation formula is shown as formula (1):
Q＝Nq×365/1000 (1)
in the formula: q is the comprehensive water demand of life and the unit is m3(ii) a N is the number of planned horizontal annual population, and the unit is human; and q is the quota standard of the comprehensive domestic water consumption of all people in the planning period, and the unit is L/person.d.
The planned horizontal year population and the planned horizontal year data are obtained by calculating the population total amount of the current year, the comprehensive population growth rate and the years from the current year to the planned horizontal year. The calculation formula is shown in formula (2):
N＝P0(1+k)n (2)
in the formula: p0The total population of the current year; k is the comprehensive growth rate of the human mouth; n is the number of years from the reference year to the planned horizontal year.
The A2 industrial water demand and the reference year data can be obtained by direct consultation, and the planning horizontal year data is obtained by calculating the ten-thousand-yuan industrial output value water consumption of the t planning horizontal year and the industrial output value of the t planning horizontal year. The calculation formula is shown in formula (3):
Wt＝αt×It (3)
in the formula, Wt,Planning water consumption for ten thousand yuan industrial output value for t; alpha is alphatPlanning water consumption for ten thousand yuan industrial output value for t; i istThe horizontal year industrial production value is specified for t.
And the t is used for planning the industrial output value of the horizontal year, and the planning horizontal year data is obtained by calculating the industrial output value of the current year, the average growth rate of the industrial output value and the number of years from the current year to the planning horizontal year. The calculation formula is shown in formula (4):
in the formula: i istThe industrial production value of the horizontal year is specified for t; i is0The current year industrial output value;
the average growth rate of industrial output value; n is the number of years from the current year to the planned horizontal year.
The A3 agricultural and forestry water demand comprises three parts of farmland irrigation, animal husbandry water demand and forest and wood industry water demand. The calculation formula of the water demand for agriculture and forestry is shown as the formula (5):
WArg＝Wt, agricultural+WGrazing method+WForest (forest) (5)
In the formula: wt, agriculturalPlanning horizontal year farmland irrigation quantity for t; wGrazing methodWater is needed for animal husbandry; wForest (forest)The water requirement of the forest industry is met.
And the t planning horizontal year farmland irrigation quantity and the planning horizontal year data are obtained by calculating the t planning horizontal year farmland irrigation water quota and the t planning horizontal year crop effective irrigation area. The calculation formula is shown in formula (6):
in the formula: wt, agriculturalPlanning horizontal year farmland irrigation quantity for t; alpha is alphatPlanning the rated amount of farmland irrigation water for the horizontal year for t; a. thetAnd planning the effective irrigation area of the crops in the horizontal year for t.
Wherein, the water demand for livestock and the planned horizontal year data need to be calculated by the head number or the number of the livestock or poultry and the water quota of the livestock or poultry. The calculation formula is shown in formula (7):
Wgrazing method＝∑nimi (7)
In the formula: wGrazing methodWater is needed for animal husbandry; n isiThe number of the heads or the number of the poultry of various livestock; m isiThe water ration for various livestock or poultry is provided.
The forest industry water demand and the planning horizontal year data are obtained by calculating the planting areas of various tree species and water use quota of various tree species. The calculation formula is shown in formula (8):
Wforest (forest)＝∑aibi (8)
In the formula: wForest (forest)Water is needed for the forest industry; a isiThe planting area of various tree species; biWater ration for various tree species.
The A4 ecological water demand refers to the water quantity needed for maintaining the water balance of living creatures in an ecological system and the water quantity needed for protecting and improving human living environment and water environment, and mainly comprises town river and lake water replenishing quantity, town green land water demand quantity and town environmental sanitation water demand quantity. The ecological water demand calculation formula is shown as formula (9):
WEco＝WG+Wct+Wch (9)
in the formula: wEcoWater is needed for ecology; wGThe ecological water demand for the green land; wctThe water supplement amount for the year of rivers and lakes; wchWater is needed for environmental sanitation.
Wherein, the ecological water demand of the green land and the planning horizontal year data need to be calculated by the green land area and the irrigation quota of the urban green land. The formula for calculating the ecological water demand of the green land is shown as the formula (10):
WG＝SGqG (10)
in the formula: wGThe ecological water demand for the green land; sGIs the green area; q. q.sGThe method is used for the urban green land irrigation quota.
The annual water supplement quantity of the rivers and the lakes and the planning horizontal annual data need to be obtained through calculation of water leakage quantity, water changing period, water volume of the rivers and the lakes in cities and towns, water surface area, precipitation and water surface evaporation quantity. The formula for calculating the annual water supply of rivers and lakes is shown as formula (11):
Wct＝F+fV-S(P-E)/1000 (11)
in the formula: wctThe water supplement amount for the year of rivers and lakes; f is the water leakage amount; f is the water changing period; v is the volume of the water body of the town rivers and lakes; s is the water surface area; p, E are precipitation and surface evaporation.
The environmental sanitation water demand and planning horizontal year data are obtained by calculating the environmental sanitation water demand quota of urban area and unit area. The calculation formula is shown in formula (12):
Wch＝Scqc (12)
in the formula: wchWater is needed for environmental sanitation; scIs the urban area; q. q.scThe water demand for environmental sanitation of unit area is rated.
In the above S3, the reference year and the planning horizontal year are determined, that is, the reference year and the planning horizontal year for the balance analysis of the supply and demand of water resources in the northern city are selected. Generally, existing data in the last year is selected as a reference year, generally, the next 5-20 years are selected as planning horizontal years, and the data are determined according to the conditions of each city.
The first analysis of the water resource supply and demand balance in S4 is a primary supply and demand balance based on the current water supply capacity. The primary supply and demand balance analysis is based on the current water level and water supply capacity, and analyzes the supply and demand characteristics of water resources in the future on the premise of not considering new water-saving measures, and aims to fully expose the largest possible gap in the supply and demand of the water resources in the region under the epitaxial development mode and provide a basis for reasonably configuring water-saving, antifouling, submergence and new water-supplying measures. The utilization degree of unconventional water resources, particularly reclaimed water, is improved by further excavation and transformation and optimized layout of the existing water supply engineering from the supply end.
The second water resource supply and demand balance analysis in S5 is a second supply and demand balance based on the use of overseas water diversion as ground water. On the basis of one-time water resource supply and demand balance analysis, supply and demand gaps still existing in northern water-deficient areas are subjected to unified allocation on local water and outdoor water by giving a low-medium-high scheme and considering the increase of the utilization of the overseas water (including cross-regional and cross-basin water transfer).
The third water resource supply and demand balance analysis in S6 is a third supply and demand balance based on the local water resource carrying capacity. The third supply and demand balance analysis is also based on the first supply and demand balance, and the unreasonable water increase is inhibited and the water shortage rate is reduced by various reinforced water saving measures which are technically, economically and feasible from the demand side.
The following takes northern county A as an example to illustrate the specific implementation steps of the invention:
s1: collecting data
The current annual data collected by the embodiment mainly comprises the following aspects: water demand (including domestic water demand, industrial water demand, agriculture and forestry water demand, ecological water demand and the like) and available water resource quantity (including surface water, underground water, diversion water, unconventional water and the like).
S2: determining a reference year and a planned horizontal year
In the embodiment, 2017 is selected as the current year, and the planned horizontal years are 2022 and 2025 respectively.
S3: water demand calculation
The water demand calculation comprises the following prediction calculation aspects:
a1 water demand for life;
according to the prediction of the comprehensive domestic water consumption, combined with the prediction of the population in the central urban area, the comprehensive domestic water demand prediction of the city A near, middle and rural areas is respectively shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1A prediction of water demand for comprehensive life in county and city areas
TABLE 2A prediction of water demand for rural and comprehensive life in county
A2 Water demand for industry
The prediction results of the water consumption prediction method for ten thousand yuan industrial added value are shown in the following table.
TABLE 3 urban area Industrial Water prediction
A3 water demand for agriculture and forestry
The agricultural and forestry water is mainly divided into agricultural irrigation, water requirement for animal husbandry and water requirement for forestry and wood industry. Predictive analysis the calculated data are shown in the table below.
TABLE 4A water demand prediction result table for farm irrigation in different years in county
TABLE 5A prediction result table for irrigation (water supplement) water demand of forest and fishery in county
TABLE 6A Water demand prediction achievement table for county animal husbandry
A4 ecological water demand
The ecological water mainly comprises three parts of urban green land water demand, urban river and lake water supply and urban environmental sanitation water demand. Due to urban properties and other reasons, the method does not consider the requirements of urban river and lake water supply and urban environmental sanitation water demand for the time, and mainly predicts the green land irrigation water quantity.
TABLE 7 urban green space flush water demand prediction
Other water requirements include unpredicted water demand, water leakage from water supply networks, etc., calculated as 10% of the sum of the water requirements.
S4: first water resource supply and demand balance analysis
The first water resource supply and demand balance analysis is one-time supply and demand balance based on the current water supply capacity. The primary supply and demand balance analysis is based on the current water level and water supply capacity, and analyzes the supply and demand characteristics of water resources in the future on the premise of not considering new water-saving measures, and aims to fully expose the largest possible gap in the supply and demand of the water resources in the region under the epitaxial development mode and provide a basis for reasonably configuring water-saving, antifouling, submergence and new water-supplying measures. The utilization degree of unconventional water resources, particularly reclaimed water, is improved by further excavation and transformation and optimized layout of the existing water supply engineering from the supply end.
From the above calculated data on water demand and the existing data on water supply amount, the following table is obtained.
TABLE 82022 and 2025 plan water supply and demand balance sheet
S5: the second time of water resource supply and demand balance analysis;
and the second water resource supply and demand balance analysis is the second supply and demand balance based on the overseas water transfer as the ground water. On the basis of one-time water resource supply and demand balance analysis, supply and demand gaps still existing in northern water-deficient areas are further considered to increase the utilization of overseas water (including cross-regional and cross-basin water transfer) by providing a low-medium scheme, and local water and outdoor water are uniformly configured.
1) Low scheme
The low scheme design idea is to supply water for the late 2022 year and the middle 2025 year by maintaining the water supply status of 2017 year. In 2022, 2642 km water shortage under the condition that the guarantee rate is P50%3The water shortage rate is 15.68 percent; the water shortage is 3475 ten thousand m under the condition that the guarantee rate is P is 75 percent3And the water shortage rate is 19.65 percent. In 2025, the water shortage is 3168 km under the condition that the guarantee rate is P is 50 percent3The water shortage rate is 18.23 percent; the water shortage is 4741 ten thousand m under the condition that the guarantee rate is P75 percent3And the water shortage rate is 25.02 percent.
2) Scheme III
The design idea of the traditional scheme is that the balance of underground water collection and supplement is ensured while meeting the requirements of water demand in the near 2022 year and the middle 2025 year, and the water shortage part is supplemented by yellow lead, sanitary lead and water adjustment. In 2022, when the guarantee rate is 50%, yellow water diversion and defensive water diversion 6462 ten thousand m are needed3(ii) a Under the condition that the guarantee rate is 75 percent, yellow water needs to be introduced to guide toilet water to adjust 7993 ten thousand meters3. In 2025, when the guarantee rate is 50%, yellow water and defensive water are required to be introduced for regulating 6079 ten thousand m3(ii) a When the guarantee rate is 75 percent, yellow water guiding, sanitation and water adjusting 8350 ten thousand m is needed to be guided3。
3) High scheme
The high scheme design idea is that the water supply and demand balance for the short 2022 year and the middle 2025 year in planning is met while underground water is not exploited, and the water shortage part is supplemented by yellow lead, sanitary lead and water adjustment. In 2022, when the guarantee rate is 50%, yellow water is required to be introduced to guide the toilet water to adjust the volume of 13310 ten thousand meters3(ii) a When the guarantee rate is that P is 75 percent, yellow water needs to be introduced to introduce sanitary water adjusting 14841 ten thousand meters3. In 2025, when the guarantee rate is 50%, the yellow water diversion and the sanitary water diversion need to be conducted for 12927 ten thousand meters3(ii) a When the guarantee rate is 75 percent, yellow water diversion and sanitation water diversion 15198 ten thousand meters is needed to be diverted3。
The design results of the low, medium and high schemes are shown in tables 9, 10 and 11.
Table 9 low scheme water supply design table
Water supply design table of the scheme in table 10
Table 11 high plan water supply design table
S6: and thirdly, carrying out balance analysis on water resource supply and demand.
And the third water resource supply and demand balance analysis is the third supply and demand balance based on the local water resource bearing capacity. The third supply and demand balance analysis is also based on the first supply and demand balance, and the unreasonable water increase is inhibited and the water shortage rate is reduced by various reinforced water saving measures which are technically, economically and feasible from the demand side.
Water-saving measures can be classified into water-saving measures in the aspects of life, industry, agriculture and the like.
1) Water-saving for life
The analysis of the domestic water-saving potential mainly comprises two aspects of saving domestic water for residents and saving water for public service industry. The water-saving device is popularized, a water efficiency identification system is popularized, a stepped water price mechanism is perfected, water-saving thought propaganda is enhanced, and the like, so that the water-saving goal of life is realized.
According to the data, in all the uses of domestic water (toilets, washing machines, showers, faucets, drinking, kitchens, etc.), the water consumption ratio is the highest: toilet flushes, showers, and washing machines. As can be seen from Table 3.13, the water saving amount of the water saving type II water saving type water using apparatus can reach 14.93L/person d compared with the common water using apparatus. The total number of the households in A county is 12.56 ten thousand, 60 percent of households are expected to replace common water using appliances with II-level water-saving water using appliances, and the water can be saved by 123.2 ten thousand meters according to the number of three households3。
In addition to the toilets, showers and washers in the home listed in the above paragraph, toilets, urinals and non-contact water nozzles are also used in public areas. Assuming that 20% of population works in public places throughout the year and water-saving appliances in the public places are used, the annual water saving is 68.39 km3。
Most public buildings adopt a centralized air conditioning system, and the centralized air conditioning system needs to supplement a large amount of water into a cooling circulating water system every year, and the water supplementing rate of the current general design is 1.5-2%, but the actual operation sometimes exceeds 2%. The water supplement amount can be calculated according to the building area by adopting a centralized air-conditioning building, and the circulating cooling water amount is generally 30L-40L/h. Taking the administrative office land as an example, the administrative office land area of prefecture A is 34.35 hectares, if 5% of the administrative office land area is 34350m2Installing a central air-conditioning system, and adding water in an amount of 12023m according to the circulating cooling system of a conventional air-conditioning system3And h, if a system with high concentration multiple is adopted, water is supplemented, and the water supplement amount is as follows: 9017m3The water saving rate is 25%, if the operation time of one day is 10 hours, the water saving amount can reach 3006m3D, it can be seen that the water saving of the air-conditioning cooling circulating water system is considerable, and the annual water saving is 109 ten thousand meters3。
2) Industrial water saving
Promotes the water-saving reconstruction of the existing industrial park, and popularizes and applies the integrated optimized water-using system for newly-built enterprises and parks. Considering the restriction factors of production processes of part of industries, production flows of enterprises and the like, the reuse ratio of industrial water is expected to be improved by 10% in planning years.
3) Agricultural water-saving
Prefecture A is a region mainly based on agriculture, the part with the largest water demand in prefecture is agriculture, the current annual agricultural water accounts for 87.74% of the total water, and the agricultural water-saving potential is very large. The agricultural water-saving method adopts seasonal fallow and popularizes the surface water brackish water rotation irrigation technology and the like.
Firstly, implement seasonal fallow policy
Implementation of seasonal fallow policies may result in effective water conservation, particularly in reduced pumping of groundwater. The main strategy of seasonal fallow policies is to reduce the double cropping crop to one cropping, with losses to farmers being compensated in other ways. Taking wheat as an example, according to investigation, the total water consumption per mu is about 170m3Left and right. The seasonal fallow policy can lead the wheat mu to save water by 170m3Water saving of 1700 ten thousand meters can be realized in 10 ten thousand mu project areas in the whole county3。
② popularizing the technique of surface water brackish water wheel irrigation
Part of the brackish water in the ground water cannot be used as drinking water, but can be used as irrigation water. The development of brackish water can not only relieve the situation of short agricultural water resources, but also regulate and control the underground water level and promote the underground water to be desalinated. The method can effectively develop the potential of agricultural water saving by using brackish water, and the annual brackish water utilization amount reaches 2500 ten thousand m according to statistics3The expected usage amount of brackish water in 2022 years reaches 2800 ten thousand meters3In 2022 years, the utilization amount of brackish water reaches 3000 ten thousand meters3。
The results of the supply and demand balance after considering the water saving potential of life, industry and agriculture were compared with the first analysis of the supply and demand balance, and the results are shown in table 12.
TABLE 12 Water conservation potential considered later 2022 and 2025 plan water supply and demand balance table
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Claims (10)
1. A water shortage type northern city multi-condition water resource supply and demand balance calculation analysis method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting water demand data and water supply data;
determining a reference year and a planned horizontal year;
calculating the water demand based on the water demand data, the reference year and the planning horizontal year;
and (4) carrying out multi-condition water resource supply and demand balance analysis by combining the water demand calculation result and the water supply data.
2. The method for computation and analysis of water demand balance in multiple situations in northern cities for water shortage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water demand data comprises at least one of domestic water demand, industrial water demand, agroforestry water demand and ecological water demand.
3. The method for calculating and analyzing the balance of water supply and demand under multiple conditions in a northern city in the water shortage type according to claim 2, wherein the domestic water demand is calculated by the formula (1):
Q＝Nq×365/1000 (1)
in the formula: q is the comprehensive water demand of life and the unit is m3(ii) a N is the number of planned horizontal annual population, and the unit is human; and q is the quota standard of the comprehensive domestic water consumption of all people in the planning period, and the unit is L/person.d.
4. The method for calculating and analyzing the balance of water supply and demand under multiple conditions in a northern city in the water shortage type according to claim 1, wherein the industrial water demand is calculated by the formula (2):
Wt＝αt×It (2)
in the formula: wtPlanning the water consumption of the ten thousand yuan industrial output value for t; alpha is alphatPlanning water consumption for ten thousand yuan industrial output value for t; i istThe horizontal year industrial production value is specified for t.
5. The water shortage type northern city multi-condition water resource supply and demand balance calculation and analysis method as claimed in claim 1, wherein agroforestry water demand is calculated by formula (3):
WArg＝Wt, agricultural+WGrazing method+WForest (forest) (3)
In the formula: wt, agriculturalPlanning horizontal annual field irrigation for t, WGrazing methodWater requirement for animal husbandry, WForest (forest)Water is needed for the forest industry;
wherein, t planning horizontal year farmland irrigation quantity is calculated through a formula (4):
in the formula: wt, agriculturalPlanning horizontal annual field irrigation quantity, alpha, for ttPlanning the Water quota for irrigation of the horizontal year Farmland for t, AtPlanning the effective irrigation area of the crops in the horizontal year for t;
calculating the livestock water demand by formula (5):
Wgrazing method＝∑nimi (5)
In the formula: wGrazing methodWater requirement for animal husbandry, niThe number of heads or pieces of various livestock or poultry, miWater ration for various livestock or poultry;
calculating the forest industry water demand through a formula (6):
Wforest (forest)＝∑aibi (6)
In the formula: wForest (forest)For water demand in the forest industry, aiThe planting area of various tree species, biWater ration for various tree species.
6. The method for calculating and analyzing the balance of water supply and demand under multiple conditions in a northern city in the water shortage type according to claim 1, wherein the ecological water demand is calculated by the formula (7):
WEco＝WG+Wct+Wch (7)
in the formula: wEcoFor ecological water demand, WGFor green land ecological water demand, WctThe water supply quantity for the river and lake year is WchWater is needed for environmental sanitation; wherein, the green land ecological water demand is calculated by the formula (8):
WG＝SGqG (8)
in the formula: wGFor green land ecological water demand, SGIs the green area, qGThe urban green land is irrigated with a fixed amount;
calculating the annual water supply of rivers and lakes through a formula (9):
Wct＝F+fV-S(P-E)/1000 (9)
in the formula: wctThe annual water replenishing amount of rivers and lakes, F the water leakage amount, F the water changing period, V the water volume of cities and towns rivers and lakes, S the water surface area, and P, E the precipitation amount and the water surface evaporation amount respectively;
calculating the sanitation water demand by equation (10):
Wch＝Scqc (10)
in the formula: wchWater requirement for environmental hygiene, ScIs the urban area, qcThe water demand for environmental sanitation of unit area is rated.
7. The method for computational analysis of multi-condition water resource supply and demand according to claim 1, wherein the water resource supply and demand balance analysis comprises a first water resource supply and demand balance analysis, a second water resource supply and demand balance analysis, and a third water resource supply and demand balance analysis.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the first analysis of water supply and demand balance is a primary supply and demand balance based on current water supply capacity;
the first supply and demand balance analysis is based on the current water level and water supply capacity, and the supply and demand characteristics of water resources in the future area are analyzed on the premise of not considering new water-saving measures.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the second analysis of water supply and demand balance is based on the compensation of off-shore water supply as ground water;
and the second water resource supply and demand balance analysis is based on the first water resource supply and demand balance analysis, and the local water and the outdoor water are uniformly configured by providing a low-medium-high scheme and combining the utilization of the outdoor water for the supply and demand gaps still existing in the northern water-deficient area.
10. The method according to claim 7, wherein the third water supply and demand balance analysis is a triple supply and demand balance based on local water bearing capacity;
and the third water resource supply and demand balance analysis is based on the first supply and demand balance, and unreasonable water increase is inhibited from the demand side through various reinforced water saving measures which are technically, economically and feasible, so that the water shortage rate is reduced.
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