CN111982205A - Comprehensive monitoring system and method for stress deformation of tailing dam - Google Patents
Comprehensive monitoring system and method for stress deformation of tailing dam Download PDFInfo
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- CN111982205A CN111982205A CN202010964184.9A CN202010964184A CN111982205A CN 111982205 A CN111982205 A CN 111982205A CN 202010964184 A CN202010964184 A CN 202010964184A CN 111982205 A CN111982205 A CN 111982205A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Abstract
The invention discloses a tailing dam stress deformation comprehensive monitoring system and method based on integration of unmanned aerial vehicle tailing dam body full deformation monitoring and pre-buried sensor stress monitoring, and belongs to the technical field of tailing dam safety monitoring. The integrated monitoring system of the present invention comprises: the device comprises a stress sensor, a cube permeable rock, an unmanned aerial vehicle, a high-definition camera, a static level gauge, a stay wire displacement meter, a liquid communicating pipe and a data acquisition instrument. The method comprises the following steps: a stress measuring block is pre-buried in the tailing dam, a static level gauge and a stay wire displacement meter are mounted on the surface of the dam body, an unmanned aerial vehicle provided with a high-definition camera carries out image acquisition on the tailing dam according to a planned route, and the stress and deformation conditions of the tailing dam body are obtained by matching with monitoring data. The invention solves the problems of inconvenient and inaccurate monitoring of the stress and deformation of the tailing dam, is not influenced by the geographical environment, and has advanced technology, safety, reliability and strong feasibility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of safety monitoring of tailing ponds, in particular to a tailing dam stress deformation monitoring system and a tailing dam stress deformation monitoring method.
Background
The reserves and the varieties of mineral resources in China are rich, and the development of the mineral resources makes important contribution to the economic development of China. When metal mineral resources are developed and utilized, a series of environmental and disaster problems are inevitably generated, wherein tailings are important mineral solid wastes, a tailing pond is a high-potential artificial debris flow danger source, and once a dam is broken, downstream rivers, farmlands and vegetation are damaged, so that the life and property safety of people is seriously threatened. Therefore, the stress and deformation monitoring of the tailing dam is of great significance for preventing the structural damage of the tailing pond.
At present, the monitoring of the tailing dam is mainly manual site survey, the deformation and stress conditions of the tailing dam are measured and checked on site, the operation is complex, and the complex terrain causes the survey to be very difficult as tailing reservoirs are mainly distributed in mountainous areas. The existing tailing dam stress monitoring application is less, and only a pore pressure sensor is embedded in the inner part of a stacking dam to monitor the position of a saturation line; in recent years, GPS and optical fiber monitoring technologies are adopted for monitoring the deformation of the tailing dam, but the methods can only monitor small-range areas such as monitoring points, monitoring routes and the like, and cannot carry out full-coverage deformation monitoring on the whole dam body.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the conventional tailing dam safety monitoring technology, the invention provides a tailing dam stress deformation comprehensive monitoring system and a tailing dam stress deformation comprehensive monitoring method, which can accurately monitor the internal stress of a tailing dam and the full deformation of the surface of the dam. The invention has simple operation, reliable data and high automation degree, can monitor and analyze data in real time, is beneficial to realizing the goal of digitally monitoring the safety of the tailing dam, and has important significance for preventing disasters such as dam break of the tailing pond and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the comprehensive monitoring system and method for the stress deformation of the tailing dam comprise a tailing dam internal stress monitoring subsystem and a tailing dam surface full deformation monitoring subsystem.
The internal stress monitoring subsystem of the tailing dam comprises a cube permeable rock, a stress sensor and a stress data acquisition instrument.
The cube permeable rock and the stress sensor form a stress measuring block for monitoring the internal stress of the tailing dam, wherein the diameter of the stress sensor is 40mm, the thickness of the stress sensor is 6mm, the size of the permeable rock is 100mm, circular grooves with the diameter of 40mm and the thickness of 6mm are machined on three adjacent vertical surfaces of the permeable rock, so that the stress sensor can be placed right in, a data line is fixed on the surface of the permeable rock, and the stress measuring block is connected with a stress data acquisition instrument; the stress measuring block can monitor the stress in three vertical directions in the dam body.
The tailing dam surface full-deformation monitoring subsystem comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, a high-definition camera, a static level gauge, a stay wire displacement meter, a liquid communicating pipe, GPS-RTK equipment and a data acquisition instrument; the deformation monitoring content of the tailing dam body comprises the following steps: and (4) laying accurate measurement and non-control point regional photogrammetry by the control point.
The static leveling instruments are uniformly distributed and fixedly arranged on the tailing dam, the control points are distributed on the static leveling instruments, and special mark points are used as coding point marks and serve as comparison reference points for unmanned aerial vehicle photographic deformation measurement; measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the control points by using a GPS-RTK; the stay wire displacement meter is arranged on a fixed shell of the static level gauge; the static level is connected by a liquid communicating pipe; the hydrostatic level is connected with the displacement data acquisition instrument through a data line, and the stay wire displacement meter is connected with the displacement data acquisition instrument through a data line.
The high-definition camera is installed on the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the unmanned aerial vehicle carries out flight shooting and data storage on the surface of the tailing dam according to the planned route, and transmits the data to the central processing system.
Altitude of unmanned aerial vehicle during flightHDetermined as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances, fis the focal length of the lens,ais the size of the picture element,GSDis the ground resolution.
The deformation monitoring data acquired by the unmanned aerial vehicle are analyzed and processed by professional remote sensing data processing software, spatial coordinates of the surface of the tailing dam are generated through an air-to-three encryption algorithm, and displacement data are fitted by matching with three-dimensional coordinates of control points to obtain the full-field deformation data of the surface of the tailing dam.
A comprehensive monitoring method for stress deformation of a tailing dam adopts the comprehensive monitoring system for stress deformation of the tailing dam and comprises the following steps.
The method comprises the following steps: installing a stress measurement block: drilling holes at the pre-embedded positions of the stress measuring blocks in the stress monitoring design scheme, wherein the hole diameter is 110-150 mm, the drilling depth is determined according to the number of drill rods, after the preset depth is reached, the stress measuring blocks are placed at the bottom of the holes through mounting pipes, and then 100mm tailing sand is filled in the holes and tamped; 3 stress measuring blocks are placed in the same drilling hole and are respectively arranged below a designed safe infiltration line, above the infiltration line and at the surface position of a dam body in the accumulated dam; and after the installation is finished, the drill hole is sealed, and the stress data line is connected to the stress data acquisition instrument.
Step two: mounting a displacement sensor: fixedly mounting the static level gauge on the surface of the sub-dam at the designated position of the displacement monitoring design scheme, and connecting the adjacent static level gauges by using a liquid communicating pipe; mounting the stay wire displacement meter on a fixed shell of the static level gauge; connecting the static level gauge and the stay wire displacement meter with a displacement data acquisition instrument through a data line; carrying out initial zero setting on stress and displacement values on the data acquisition instrument before data monitoring begins; and marking a control point on the top of the static level by using a special marking point.
Step three: monitoring the full deformation of the unmanned aerial vehicle: installing a high-definition camera on an unmanned aerial vehicle, planning a flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the terrain, the landform and relevant factors of a region to be researched, operating the unmanned aerial vehicle to carry out flight shooting according to the planned route by matching with a handheld controller, and transmitting an image shooting result to a central processing system; and processing the image data by professional remote sensing data processing software, and finally obtaining the stress and deformation conditions of the tailing dam body by matching with the stress of the fixed measuring point and the displacement measurement result of the GPS-RTK equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize the following beneficial effects:
the invention solves the problems of inconvenient and inaccurate stress deformation monitoring of the tailing dam, is not influenced by the geographical environment, and has advanced technology, safety, reliability and strong feasibility.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a side view of a comprehensive monitoring system for stress deformation of a tailing dam according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of the comprehensive monitoring system for stress deformation of a tailing dam according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1-stress measuring block, 2-data transmission sleeve, 3-permeable rock, 4-stress sensor, 5-data transmission line, 6-unmanned aerial vehicle, 7-high definition camera, 8-hand-held controller, 9-static level, 10-liquid communicating pipe, 11-stay wire displacement meter, 12-GPS-RTK equipment, 13-data acquisition instrument, 14-initial dam, 15-sub dam, 16-pile up dam.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in figures 1-2, the comprehensive monitoring system and method for the stress deformation of the tailing dam comprise a tailing dam internal stress monitoring subsystem and a tailing dam surface full deformation monitoring subsystem.
The internal stress monitoring subsystem of the tailing dam comprises a cube permeable rock 3, a stress sensor 4 and a stress data acquisition instrument 13.
The cube permeable rock 3 and the stress sensor 4 form a stress measuring block 1 for monitoring the internal stress of the tailing dam, wherein the stress sensor is 40mm in diameter and 6mm in thickness, the permeable rock 3 is 100 mm-100 mm in size, circular grooves 40mm in diameter and 6mm in thickness are machined in three adjacent vertical surfaces of the permeable rock 3, the stress sensor 4 can be just placed in the grooves, the data line 5 is fixed on the surface of the permeable rock 3, and the stress measuring block is connected with a stress data acquisition instrument 13; the stress measuring block 1 can monitor the stress in three vertical directions in the dam body.
The tailing dam surface total deformation monitoring subsystem comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle 6, a high-definition camera 7, a static level 9, a stay wire displacement meter 11, a liquid communicating pipe 10, a GPS-RTK device 12 and a data acquisition instrument 13; the deformation monitoring content of the tailing dam body comprises the following steps: and (4) laying accurate measurement and non-control point regional photogrammetry by the control point.
The static leveling instruments 9 are uniformly distributed and fixedly arranged on the tailing sub-dam 15, the control points are distributed on the static leveling instruments 9, and special mark points are used as coding point marks and serve as comparison reference points for the unmanned aerial vehicle 6 photography deformation measurement; measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the control points by using GPS-RTK equipment 12; the stay wire displacement meter 11 is arranged on a fixed shell of the static level gauge 9; the static level 9 is connected by a liquid communicating pipe 10; the static water level gauge 9 is connected with the data acquisition instrument 13 through a data line, and the stay wire displacement meter 11 is connected with the data acquisition instrument 13 through a data line.
High definition camera 7 installs on unmanned aerial vehicle 6, and unmanned aerial vehicle 6 carries out the flight shooting, saves data to tailing dam surface according to the route that plans well to give central processing system with data transmission.
6 flight time height of unmanned aerial vehicleHDetermined as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances, fis the focal length of the lens,ais the size of the picture element,GSDis the ground resolution.
The deformation monitoring data acquired by the unmanned aerial vehicle 6 are analyzed and processed through professional remote sensing data processing software, space coordinates of the surface of the tailing dam are generated through an air-triple encryption algorithm, and displacement data are fitted through the three-dimensional coordinates of the control points to obtain full-field deformation data of the surface of the tailing dam.
A comprehensive monitoring method for stress deformation of a tailing dam adopts the comprehensive monitoring system for stress deformation of the tailing dam and comprises the following steps.
The method comprises the following steps: drilling holes at the pre-embedded positions of the stress measuring blocks 1 in the stress monitoring design scheme, wherein the hole diameter is 110-150 mm, the drilling depth is determined according to the number of drill rods, after the preset depth is reached, the stress measuring blocks 1 are placed at the bottom of the holes through mounting pipes, and then 100mm tailing sand is filled in the holes and tamped; 3 stress measuring blocks 1 are placed in the same drilling hole and are respectively arranged below a designed safe infiltration line, above the infiltration line and on the surface of a dam body in the accumulation dam 16; and after the installation is finished, the hole is drilled in a closed mode, and the stress data line 5 is connected to the data acquisition instrument 13.
Step two: fixedly mounting the static level gauge 9 on the surface of the sub-dam 15 at the designated position of the displacement monitoring design scheme, and connecting the adjacent static level gauges 9 by using a liquid communicating pipe 10; mounting a stay wire displacement meter 11 on a fixed shell of the static level 9; the static level 9 and the stay wire displacement meter 11 are connected with a data acquisition instrument 13 through data lines; the stress and displacement values on the data acquisition instrument 13 are initially zeroed before data monitoring begins; and marking a control point on the top of the static level 9 by using a special marking point.
Step three: installing a high-definition camera 7 on an unmanned aerial vehicle 6, planning a flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle 6 according to the terrain, the landform and relevant factors of a region to be researched, operating the unmanned aerial vehicle 6 to carry out flight shooting according to the planned route by matching with a handheld controller 8, and transmitting an image shooting result to a central processing system; and processing the image data by professional remote sensing data processing software, and finally obtaining the stress and deformation conditions of the tailing dam body by matching with the stress of the fixed measuring point and the displacement measurement result of the GPS-RTK device 12.
The embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or modifications that do not depart from the scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A tailing dam stress deformation comprehensive monitoring system and a method are characterized in that: the system comprises a tailing dam internal stress monitoring subsystem and a tailing dam surface full-deformation monitoring subsystem.
2. The tailings dam internal stress monitoring subsystem of claim 1, wherein: the stress sensor comprises a cube permeable rock, a stress sensor and a stress data acquisition instrument.
3. The tailings dam internal stress monitoring subsystem of claim 2, wherein: the cube permeable rock and the stress sensor form a stress measuring block for monitoring the internal stress of the tailing dam, wherein the diameter of the stress sensor is 40mm, the thickness of the stress sensor is 6mm, the size of the permeable rock is 100mm, circular grooves with the diameter of 40mm and the thickness of 6mm are machined on three adjacent vertical surfaces of the permeable rock, so that the stress sensor can be placed right in, a data line is fixed on the surface of the permeable rock, and the stress measuring block is connected with a stress data acquisition instrument; the stress measuring block can monitor the stress in three vertical directions in the dam body.
4. The tailings dam surface total deformation monitoring subsystem of claim 1, wherein: the system comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, a high-definition camera, a static level gauge, a stay wire displacement meter, a liquid communicating pipe, GPS-RTK equipment and a data acquisition instrument; the deformation monitoring content of the tailing dam body comprises the following steps: and (4) laying accurate measurement and non-control point regional photogrammetry by the control point.
5. The tailings dam surface total deformation monitoring subsystem of claim 4, wherein: the static leveling instruments are uniformly distributed and fixedly arranged on the tailing dam, the control points are distributed on the static leveling instruments, and special mark points are used as coding point marks and serve as comparison reference points for unmanned aerial vehicle photographic deformation measurement; measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the control points by using a GPS-RTK; the stay wire displacement meter is arranged on a fixed shell of the static level gauge; the static level is connected by a liquid communicating pipe; the hydrostatic level is connected with the displacement data acquisition instrument through a data line, and the stay wire displacement meter is connected with the displacement data acquisition instrument through a data line.
6. The tailings dam surface total deformation monitoring subsystem of claim 4, wherein: the high-definition camera is installed on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the unmanned aerial vehicle carries out flight shooting on the surface of the tailing dam according to the planned route, data are stored, and the data are transmitted to the central processing system;
the flying height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is determined according to the following formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,Hthe height of the shot line is high,fis the focal length of the lens,ais the size of the picture element,GSDis the ground resolution.
7. The tailings dam surface total deformation monitoring subsystem of claim 1, wherein: the deformation monitoring data acquired by the unmanned aerial vehicle are analyzed and processed by professional remote sensing data processing software, spatial coordinates of the surface of the tailing dam are generated through an air-to-three encryption algorithm, and displacement data are fitted by matching with three-dimensional coordinates of control points to obtain the full-field deformation data of the surface of the tailing dam.
8. A comprehensive monitoring method for stress deformation of a tailing dam, which adopts the comprehensive monitoring system for stress deformation of the tailing dam disclosed by claim 1, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: installing a stress measurement block: drilling holes at the pre-embedded positions of the stress measuring blocks in the stress monitoring design scheme, wherein the hole diameter is 110-150 mm, the drilling depth is determined according to the number of drill rods, after the preset depth is reached, the stress measuring blocks are placed at the bottom of the holes through mounting pipes, and then 100mm tailing sand is filled in the holes and tamped; 3 stress measuring blocks are placed in the same drilling hole and are respectively arranged below a designed safe infiltration line, above the infiltration line and at the surface position of a dam body in the accumulated dam; after the installation is finished, the drill hole is sealed, and the stress data line is connected to a stress data acquisition instrument;
step two: mounting a displacement sensor: fixedly mounting the static level gauge on the surface of the sub-dam at the designated position of the displacement monitoring design scheme, and connecting the adjacent static level gauges by using a liquid communicating pipe; mounting the stay wire displacement meter on a fixed shell of the static level gauge; connecting the static level gauge and the stay wire displacement meter with a displacement data acquisition instrument through a data line; carrying out initial zero setting on stress and displacement values on the data acquisition instrument before data monitoring begins; marking a control point on the top of the static level by using a special marking point;
step three: monitoring the full deformation of the unmanned aerial vehicle: installing a high-definition camera on an unmanned aerial vehicle, planning a flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the terrain, the landform and relevant factors of a region to be researched, operating the unmanned aerial vehicle to carry out flight shooting according to the planned route by matching with a handheld controller, and transmitting an image shooting result to a central processing system; and processing the image data by professional remote sensing data processing software, and finally obtaining the stress and deformation conditions of the tailing dam body by matching with the stress of the fixed measuring point and the displacement measurement result of the GPS-RTK equipment.
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| CN202010964184.9A CN111982205A (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2020-09-15 | Comprehensive monitoring system and method for stress deformation of tailing dam |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113188463A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-07-30 | 上海同禾工程科技股份有限公司 | System and method for monitoring deformation of dam body of tailing pond |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113188463A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-07-30 | 上海同禾工程科技股份有限公司 | System and method for monitoring deformation of dam body of tailing pond |
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