CN111978077A - 一种干熄焦焦罐及仓体工作衬用含堇青石的复合耐火材料 - Google Patents

一种干熄焦焦罐及仓体工作衬用含堇青石的复合耐火材料 Download PDF

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CN111978077A
CN111978077A CN202010779294.8A CN202010779294A CN111978077A CN 111978077 A CN111978077 A CN 111978077A CN 202010779294 A CN202010779294 A CN 202010779294A CN 111978077 A CN111978077 A CN 111978077A
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cordierite
refractory material
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coke tank
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李要现
化人杰
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Henan Haoyunxiang Refractory Material Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种干熄焦焦罐及仓体工作衬用含堇青石的复合耐火材料，原始料的加入重量份数为：1‑3㎜的电熔莫来石20‑45份，3‑5㎜的电熔莫来石10‑45份，0‑1mm的堇青石10‑20份，1‑3mm的堇青石15‑40份，200目的刚玉细粉5‑20份，氮化硅细粉3‑8份，铝酸钙水泥4‑15份，硅微粉2‑6份，氧化铝微粉1‑7份，石棉纤维0.5‑2份，复合添加剂加入量为原始料总重量的0.1‑10%；本发明具有较好的涂抹性能，用于施工困难，空间狭窄，工作面不规则等位置，解决了因耐热钢衬板出现比较严重的变形、裂纹、磨损时，导致焦罐整体使用寿命低的问题，提高了罐体的使用寿命及运转率，节能降耗。

Description

一种干熄焦焦罐及仓体工作衬用含堇青石的复合耐火材料
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料领域，尤其涉及一种干熄焦焦罐及仓体工作衬用含堇青石的复合耐火材料。
背景技术
我国干熄焦装备技术始于20世纪80年代，这期间经历了许多的工艺改良以及设备的更换，方形焦罐将逐渐被淘汰。由于各种因素的制约，还有少数企业的生产中仍在使用方形焦罐。方形焦罐用于焦炭在焦炉和干熄炉间的转运和提升。干熄焦罐的衬板需要在承受较大冲击力的同时，承受950℃-1050℃的高温，并且，在空载时，全部暴露在空气中氧化，这种高温重载与空载的转换约10分钟左右，特别是环境温度较低时，这种转换易导致衬板的使用寿命更低。
为了解决这个问题，本领域技术人员采用耐热铸钢平板做干熄焦罐的衬板。这种ZG35Cr24Ni7SiN的耐热铸钢虽有较高的耐热性能及较高的硬度，但是，它强度较低，导热快，热损大，易变形，抗热应力能力差，易产生热疲劳损坏，并易受化学物质侵蚀，耐冲击性能较低，衬板极易产生裂痕，特别是衬板磨薄后，极易产生变形、开裂，导致干熄焦罐的门板及锥段等衬板的使用寿命仅为3-6个月左右，特别是当出现焦炉内头焦或尾焦烧不透的情况下，燃烧的头焦或尾焦易粘接在衬板上，该处衬板的使用寿命一般为1-2个月，当衬板出现比较严重的变形及裂纹时会导致焦罐的整体使用寿命降低。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种干熄焦焦罐及仓体工作衬用含堇青石的复合耐火材料，解决了耐热钢衬板出现比较严重的变形、裂纹、磨损（斜面）时，导致焦罐的整体使用寿命降等问题，还可应用于其他容器和仓体。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：
本发明原始料的加入重量份数为：1-3㎜的电熔莫来石20-45份，3-5㎜的电熔莫来石10-45份，0-1mm的堇青石10-20份，1-3mm的堇青石15-40份，200目的刚玉细粉5-20份，氮化硅细粉3-8份，铝酸钙水泥4-15份，硅微粉2-6份，氧化铝微粉1-7份，石棉纤维0.5-2份，复合添加剂加入量为原始料总重量的0.1-10%。
其中复合添加剂含减水剂，缓凝剂，塑化剂，促凝剂，可以为六偏磷酸钠、三聚磷酸钠、柠檬酸，酒石酸，羧甲基纤维素、高分子胶粉，软质黏土，碳酸钠，硅酸钠，氯化钙中的一种或两种以上。
堇青石具有强度高，热膨胀系数小，抗热震稳定性优异。堇青石热膨胀系数a=2.12×10-6/℃,电熔莫来石的热膨胀系数a=5.3×10-6/℃,由于前者的热膨胀系数远低于后者，相应自身产生的热应力也小的多，因而能承受更频繁的热冲击。
氮化硅具有较高的强度，低的膨胀系数，良好的抗热震性，抗腐蚀性，跟普通高铝莫来石浇注料相比大大提高了产品的使用性能。
本发明在中低温下采用水化结合，凝胶结合及高分子胶结，利用自身的结合性将颗粒与细粉紧密结合，从而提高了强度及耐磨性；当使用温度在1000℃左右时，氧化铝微粉，硅微粉靠其自身的高活性熔化结合形成莫来石溶液包裹堇青石颗粒，既发挥了莫来石的强度高、稳定性好，又发挥了堇青石（分解温度1450℃左右）的体积密度小、稳定性优异等特点，加上氮化硅的优异性能，使复合耐火材料在1300℃以下使用性能提高，传热减少，节能降耗。
本发明具有的积极效益：
本发明提高了罐体的使用寿命及运转率，节能降耗，施工方便。
本发明的性能指标为：110℃×24h 耐压强度>70MPa，抗折强度：6-8MPa；1200℃×3h耐压强度>75MPa，抗折强度12-13MPa。
本发明具有较好的涂抹性能，适用范围广，效率高，成本低，施工方便，用于施工组摸困难，空间狭窄，工作面不规则等。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的描述，并非对其保护范围的限制。
实施例1
实施例1具有较好的流动性，适合浇注预制。
本发明原始料的加入重量份数为：1-3㎜的电熔莫来石20份，3-5㎜的电熔莫来石45份，0-1mm的堇青石10份，1-3mm的堇青石40份，200目的刚玉细粉20份，氮化硅细粉3份，铝酸钙水泥4份，硅微粉2份，氧化铝微粉7份，石棉纤维2份，三聚磷酸钠加入量为原始料总重量的0.15%，柠檬酸加入量为原始料总重量的1%，胶粉加入量为原始料总重量的2%。
将上述组分倒入搅拌机内干混3-5分钟，再加入8-10％的自来水或工业用水搅拌5-10分钟，均匀后，然后在模具内浇注成型，自然养护，烘干使用。
实施例2
实施例2；具有较好的涂抹性能，适用范围广，成本低，施工方便，用于施工组摸困难，空间狭窄，工作面不规则等；主要用于料仓和灰斗。
本发明原始料的加入重量份数为：1-3㎜的电熔莫来石45份，3-5㎜的电熔莫来石10份，0-1mm的堇青石10份，1-3mm的堇青石40份，200目的刚玉细粉5份，氮化硅细粉8份，铝酸钙水泥4份，硅微粉6份，氧化铝微粉7份，石棉纤维0.5份，三聚磷酸钠和六偏磷酸钠为原始料总重量的0.15%，软质黏土为原始料总重量的3%，胶粉为原始料总重量的0.05%，羧甲基纤维素钠为原始料总重量的0.1%。
将上述组份加到搅拌机内干混5分钟，再加入自来水或工业用水8-10份， 搅拌10分钟，使其充分均匀出料，即可涂抹施工，施工时自下向上，用力适中，厚度均匀，避免分层等现象。施工后的材料，自然养护，烘干使用。
实施例3
组份3；适用于喷涂，适用范围广，具有施工方便，效率高，成本低等优势；主要用于料仓和灰斗。
按质量份数电熔莫来石3-1mm35份，电熔莫来石1-0mm10份，堇青石1-0mm20份，刚玉粉200目5份，铝酸钙水泥20份，氧化铝微粉1份，硅微粉1份，氮化硅细粉8份，石棉纤维1份，软质黏土加入量为原始料总重量的2%，羧甲基纤维素为原始料总重量的0.5%，高分子胶粉为原始料总重量的0.5%，8%的碳酸钠和硅酸钠溶液为原始料总重量的1%。
将上述组份（除去碳酸钠和硅酸钠溶液）倒入搅拌机内干混3分钟，然后加入自来水或工业用水9-11份，继续搅拌10分钟，出料加入到喷射机料斗内，接通促凝剂溶液，调整好压力参数，按规程施工。施工后的材料，自然养护。
实施例1、2和3的性能指标如下：
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001

Claims (3)

1.一种干熄焦焦罐及仓体工作衬用含堇青石的复合耐火材料，其特征在于：本发明原始料的加入重量份数为：1-3㎜的电熔莫来石20-45份，3-5㎜的电熔莫来石10-45份，0-1mm的堇青石10-20份，1-3mm的堇青石15-40份，200目的刚玉细粉5-20份，氮化硅细粉3-8份，铝酸钙水泥4-15份，硅微粉2-6份，氧化铝微粉1-7份，石棉纤维0.5-2份，复合添加剂加入量为原始料总重量的0.1-10%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种干熄焦焦罐及仓体工作衬用含堇青石的复合耐火材料，其特征在于：复合添加剂含减水剂，缓凝剂，塑化剂，促凝剂，可以为六偏磷酸钠、三聚磷酸钠、柠檬酸，酒石酸，羧甲基纤维素、高分子胶粉，软质黏土，碳酸钠，硅酸钠，氯化钙中的一种或两种以上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种干熄焦焦罐及仓体工作衬用含堇青石的复合耐火材料的制备方法，其特征在于：原料倒入搅拌机内干混3-5分钟，再加入8-10％的自来水或工业用水搅拌5-10分钟，均匀后，然后在模具内浇注成型，自然养护，烘干使用。
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