CN111362674B - 一种耐酸刚玉捣打料以及用其制作酸再生炉烧嘴的方法 - Google Patents

一种耐酸刚玉捣打料以及用其制作酸再生炉烧嘴的方法 Download PDF

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CN111362674B
CN111362674B CN202010194082.3A CN202010194082A CN111362674B CN 111362674 B CN111362674 B CN 111362674B CN 202010194082 A CN202010194082 A CN 202010194082A CN 111362674 B CN111362674 B CN 111362674B
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李剑峰
赵玲娣
杨瑞德
王礼玮
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Shanghai Kerui Metallurgical Furnace Burden Co ltd
Shanghai Pengpu Special Refractory Material Factory Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种耐酸刚玉捣打料以及用其制作酸再生炉烧嘴的方法,耐酸刚玉捣打料按质量计量组成为:白刚玉5~3mm:12~16份;白刚玉3~1mm:23~27份;白刚玉1~0.1mm:20~23份;白刚玉180目:12~16份;白刚玉320目:8~10份;刚玉微粉:3~5份;氧化铝粉:8~10份;软质粘土:1~2份;同时外加塑性剂为0.1~0.15份;以及液体结合剂磷酸二氢铝为3~6份。本发明制备的捣打料通过添加塑性剂、粘土和刚玉微粉,不但捣打成型方便,且具有优异的耐酸性、耐压强度和化学稳定性,其荷重软化温度可达1600℃,可长期在高温下使用,耐火度高,有极强的热稳定性。

Description

一种耐酸刚玉捣打料以及用其制作酸再生炉烧嘴的方法
技术领域
本发明属于耐火材料领域,特别涉及一种耐酸刚玉捣打料以及用其制作酸再生炉烧嘴的方法。
背景技术
钢厂所用的酸再生炉,其内部为高温酸性气体,烧嘴部位更是承受较高的温度,并承受火焰的冲刷,对烧嘴的耐酸、耐磨及耐高温要求较高。
传统的酸再生炉烧嘴制作方法多以高粘土结合,杂质较多,荷重软化温度较低,所以国内钢铁厂多使用国外技术,现国内在酸再生炉烧嘴用耐酸刚玉捣打料技术方面还相对空白。
发明内容
有鉴于现有技术的上述缺陷,本发明的目的在于提供一种具有优异的耐酸性、耐压强度、化学稳定性和热稳定性的耐酸刚玉捣打料以及用其制作酸再生炉烧嘴的方法。
为了达到上述目的,第一个方面,本发明提供了一种耐酸刚玉捣打料,耐酸刚玉捣打料包括骨料和添加剂,所述骨料按质量计量组成如下:
白刚玉5~3mm:12~16份;白刚玉3~1mm:23~27份;白刚玉1~0.1mm:20~23份;白刚玉180目:12~16份;白刚玉320目:8~10份;刚玉微粉:3~5份;氧化铝粉:8~10份;软质粘土:1~2份;
需要特别说明的是,以上白刚玉的颗粒度范围值是表示商业白刚玉颗粒的平均粒径规格,并不表示其中所有颗粒的粒径必然严格处于该范围内。例如,白刚玉5~3mm是指该规格白刚玉颗粒的平均粒径或者大多数颗粒的粒径处于5~3mm范围,并不意味着其中完全没有大于5mm或小于3mm的颗粒。
进一步地,骨料还包括少量纯铝酸钙水泥,纯铝酸钙水泥按质量计量加入量为0.2~1份。
进一步地,添加剂按质量计量组成如下:
塑性剂:0.1~0.15份;液体结合剂:3~6份;水:1.5~3份。
进一步地,耐酸刚玉捣打料的组成以白刚玉为主,具有较高的使用温度,荷重软化温度可达1600℃,耐火度大于1790℃。
进一步地,软质粘土加入量为1~2份,合适的软质粘土量不但提高捣打料的塑性,也有利于捣打烧嘴在高温时的烧结,较低的加入量,可减少杂质的引入,不影响烧嘴的高温性能。
进一步地,外加塑性剂为CMC、吐温-80、黄糊精中的一种;外加塑性剂可有效提高捣打料的塑性,便于捣打成型,高温烧失,对材料高温性能无影响。
进一步地,刚玉微粉的主要成分为Al2O3,粒度为微米级,对捣打料的塑性及烧后强度提高有较好作用。
进一步地,液体结合剂为磷酸二氢铝,使捣打料具有粘性,并使浇注料整体呈酸性,提高耐酸性能,且在烘烤后提高强度。
进一步地,纯铝酸钙水泥的加入量少,纯铝酸钙水泥为碱性,加入量少可降低对耐酸刚玉捣打料耐酸性的影响。
第二个方面,本发明提供了一种使用上述耐酸刚玉捣打料制作酸再生炉烧嘴的方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤1、将白刚玉按颗粒由大到小的顺序依次加入搅拌机;再依次加入刚玉微粉、氧化铝粉、软质粘土、纯铝酸钙水泥,搅拌均匀,制成骨料;
步骤2、在骨料中加入塑性剂干混一段时间,再加入液体结合剂和水,搅拌混合均匀,制成耐酸刚玉捣打料;
步骤3、将搅拌均匀的耐酸刚玉捣打料放于模具中,用捣打工具捣实后,将表面打毛,然后继续补料,逐层进行捣打,每层加入量控制在50mm以内,得到捣实后的耐酸刚玉捣打料;
步骤4、将捣实后的耐酸刚玉捣打料打毛处理并放至硬化后脱模,常温养护一段时间后进行高温烘烤,即得到酸再生炉烧嘴。
进一步地,步骤2中的干混时间为1~2分钟。
进一步地,步骤3和步骤4中所述的“捣实”是指捣打至密度大于3.0g/cm3
进一步地,步骤4中常温养护的时间为24小时。
进一步地,步骤4中高温烘烤的设定温度为110~1500℃,到达设定温度以后的烘烤时间为24小时。
进一步地,高温烘烤时800℃以内升温速率需小于20℃/小时,800~1100℃升温速率需小于30℃/小时。本发明的耐酸捣刚玉打料经110℃烘烤24小时后耐压强度可大于40MPa,经1100℃烧成后耐压强度可大于80MPa,经1500℃烧成后耐压强度可大于100MPa,因此可根据实际需要灵活选择高温烘烤的温度。
进一步地,本发明所用的提高塑性的外加剂为塑性剂CMC、吐温-80、黄糊精中的一种,使用的液体结合剂为磷酸二氢铝,纯铝酸钙水泥为电熔80水泥,软质粘土为广西泥,白刚玉为电熔白刚玉,刚玉微粉为细度微米级的白刚玉粉,其组成不但兼顾纯度提高使用温度,并且具有较好的耐酸性及强度,非常适合酸再生炉烧嘴使用。
本发明的有益技术效果至少表现在以下方面:
1、耐酸刚玉捣打料的制备过程中通过添加磷酸二氢铝,不但提高了捣打料的烘烤后强度,还可大幅提高捣打料的耐酸性。
2、加入了极少量的粘土,可减少杂质的引入,又可保证一定的塑性,确保产品的高温使用性能。
3、刚玉微粉的加入,也在一定程度上提高捣打料的塑性,对高温烧结起到一定的增强作用。
4、本发明的耐酸刚玉捣打料,不但捣打成型方便,且具有优异的耐酸性、抗侵蚀性、化学稳定性,其荷重软化温度可达1600℃,可长期在高温下使用,耐火度高,有极强的热稳定性。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明,下述的实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1
耐酸刚玉捣打料按质量计量组成如下:
白刚玉5~3mm:15份;白刚玉3~1mm:26份;白刚玉1~0.1mm:21份;白刚玉180目:14份;白刚玉320目:9份;刚玉微粉:3.5份;氧化铝粉:10份;软质粘土:1份;纯铝酸钙水泥:0.5份;塑性剂:0.15份;磷酸二氢铝:5份;水:2份。
实施例2
实施例2与实施例1组成基本相同,区别仅在于塑性剂含量不同,塑性剂含量为0.1份。
对比例1-7
对比例1-7的耐酸刚玉捣打料按质量计量组成如下表所示:
Figure BDA0002416942190000031
Figure BDA0002416942190000041
将实施例1、2和对比例1-7按质量计量称量后,按如下步骤操作:
步骤1、将白刚玉按颗粒由大到小的顺序依次加入搅拌机;再依次加入刚玉微粉、氧化铝粉、软质粘土、纯铝酸钙水泥,搅拌均匀,制成骨料;
步骤2、在搅拌均匀的骨料中,加入塑性剂干混1~2分钟,再加入磷酸二氢铝和水,搅拌混合均匀;
步骤3、将搅拌均匀的耐酸刚玉捣打料放于模具中,用捣打工具捣实后,将表面打毛,然后继续补料,逐层进行捣打,每层加入量控制在50mm以内;
步骤4、将捣实后的耐酸刚玉捣打料进行打毛处理并放至硬化后脱模,常温养护24小时后,在110℃烘烤24小时,然后分别在1100℃和1500℃烧成,进行荷重软化实验,实验数据如下表所示:
Figure BDA0002416942190000042
Figure BDA0002416942190000051
由上表数据可见,实施例1、2的各项数据均明显优于对比例1-6,其中,实施例2的强度和荷重软化温度都达到了很高的水准。
相对地,对比例1-6中皆有某一材料含量不在优选范围内,烧成的样块经检测后强度和荷重软化温度都达不到要求,由此可见,实施例中的各材料比例为优选比例。
在对比例7中,液体磷酸二氢铝的含量明显多于实施例1、2中的含量,但烧成后的强度和荷重软化温度并无很大差异。发明人将对比例7所烧制的烧嘴和实施例2所烧制的烧嘴放置在不同酸再生炉上使用,两台酸再生炉中一直做相同的酸再生反应,经6个月后再将烧嘴熔断取下后称量重量,对比例7的烧嘴使用6个月后的重量为原重量的98.5%,实施例2的烧嘴使用6个月后的重量为原重量的98.3%,并无太大差异。由此可见,虽然磷酸二氢铝在提高耐酸性能和强度方面有很大作用,但是过多的量并不能加大其效果,基于节约成本的角度,实施例2中磷酸二氢铝的含量即可达到提高耐酸性和强度的效果,又不会产生浪费。
本发明在耐酸刚玉捣打料的制备过程中添加磷酸二氢铝,不但提高了捣打料的烘烤后强度,还可大幅提高捣打料的耐酸性;极少量的粘土加入,可减少杂质的引入,又可保证一定的塑性,确保产品的高温使用性能;适量刚玉微粉的加入,也在一定程度上提高捣打料的塑性,对高温烧结起到一定的增强作用。本发明的酸再生炉烧嘴用耐酸刚玉捣打料,不但捣打成型方便,且具有优异的耐酸性、抗侵蚀性、化学稳定性,其荷重软化温度可达1600℃,可长期在高温下使用,耐火度高,有极强的热稳定性。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解,本领域的普通技术无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此,凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的试验可以得到的技术方案,皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围。

Claims (4)

1.一种耐酸刚玉捣打料,其特征在于,所述耐酸刚玉捣打料包括骨料和添加剂;其中,
所述骨料按质量计量组成如下:白刚玉5~3mm:12~16份;白刚玉3~1mm:23~27份;白刚玉1~0.1mm:20~23份;白刚玉180目:12~16份;白刚玉320目:8~10份;刚玉微粉:3~5份;氧化铝粉:8~10份;软质粘土:1~2份;
所述添加剂按质量计量组成如下:塑性剂:0.1~0.15份;液体结合剂:3~6份;水:1.5~3份;
所述塑性剂选自CMC、吐温-80、黄糊精中的一种;
所述液体结合剂为磷酸二氢铝;
所述骨料还包括纯铝酸钙水泥,所述纯铝酸钙水泥按质量计量加入量为0.2~1份。
2.使用如权利要求1所述的耐酸刚玉捣打料制作酸再生炉烧嘴的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤1、将白刚玉按颗粒由大到小的顺序依次加入搅拌机;再依次加入刚玉微粉、氧化铝粉、软质粘土、纯铝酸钙水泥,搅拌均匀,制成骨料;
步骤2、在所述骨料中加入塑性剂干混一段时间,再加入液体结合剂和水,搅拌混合均匀,制成耐酸刚玉捣打料;
步骤3、将所述耐酸刚玉捣打料放于模具中,用捣打工具捣实后,将表面打毛,然后继续补料,逐层进行捣打,每层加入量控制在50mm以内,得到捣实后的耐酸刚玉捣打料;
步骤4、将所述捣实后的耐酸刚玉捣打料打毛处理并放至硬化后脱模,常温养护一段时间后进行高温烘烤,即得到酸再生炉烧嘴;高温烘烤的设定温度为110~1500℃,到达设定温度以后的烘烤时间为24小时;常温养护的时间为24小时;其中,高温烘烤时800℃以内升温速率小于20℃/小时,800~1100℃升温速率小于30℃/小时。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤2中的干混时间为1~2分钟。
4.如权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤3和步骤4中所述的“捣实”是指捣打至密度大于3.0g/cm3
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