CN111976459B - 一种汽车及其混合动力传动机构 - Google Patents

一种汽车及其混合动力传动机构 Download PDF

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CN111976459B
CN111976459B CN201910429886.4A CN201910429886A CN111976459B CN 111976459 B CN111976459 B CN 111976459B CN 201910429886 A CN201910429886 A CN 201910429886A CN 111976459 B CN111976459 B CN 111976459B
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shaft
motor
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CN111976459A (zh
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仇杰
祝勇
姜超
李益南
何小明
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SAIC Motor Corp Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种汽车及其混合动力传动机构,所述混合动力传动机构包括:输入轴和输出轴,两者通过齿轮和同步器传动;发动机,所述发动机的曲轴通过离合器与所述输入轴相连;第一电机,所述第一电机的第一电机轴与所述输入轴相连;第二电机,所述第二电机的第二电机轴与所述输出轴相连。该机构在执行换档操作时,可以利用第二电机向输出轴提供补充动力,使换档过程中始终有动力传输到输出轴上,从而可以保持输出轴的动力连贯性,由此可以防止因为短暂的动力中断造成的换档冲击问题。

Description

一种汽车及其混合动力传动机构
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车技术领域,特别是涉及一种汽车及其混合动力传动机构。
背景技术
近年来,随着汽车燃油消耗限值标准以及排放标准的日益严苛,采用电力和燃油驱动的混合动力汽车逐渐得到推广应用。
目前,市场上的具有多个档位的混合动力汽车,在换档时普遍存在换档冲击现象,影响驾驶体验和汽车安全性能。
有鉴于此,如何缓解混合动力汽车的换档冲击现象,是亟待本领域技术人员解决的技术问题。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种汽车的混合动力传动机构,所述混合动力传动机构包括:
输入轴和输出轴,两者通过齿轮和同步器传动;
发动机,所述发动机的曲轴通过离合器与所述输入轴相连;
第一电机,所述第一电机的第一电机轴与所述输入轴相连;
第二电机,所述第二电机的第二电机轴与所述输出轴相连,用于换档时向所述输出轴提供补充动力。
该机构在执行换档操作时,可以利用第二电机向输出轴提供补充动力,使换档过程中始终有动力传输到输出轴上,从而可以保持输出轴的动力连贯性,由此可以防止因为短暂的动力中断造成的换档冲击问题。
如上所述的混合动力传动机构,所述第二电机轴上设有第一齿轮;所述混合动力传动机构还包括第一传动轴,所述第一传动轴上设有与所述第一齿轮啮合的第二齿轮,并空套有第三齿轮、第四齿轮,并设有能够与所述第三齿轮、所述第四齿轮接合的第一同步器;所述输入轴上设有与所述第三齿轮啮合的第五齿轮;所述输出轴上设有与所述第四齿轮啮合传动的第六齿轮。
如上所述的混合动力传动机构,所述第二电机轴、所述第一传动轴、所述输入轴和所述输出轴自上至下依次布置且相互平行。
如上所述的混合动力传动机构,所述输入轴上空套有一档输入齿轮、二档输入齿轮,并设有能够与所述一档输入齿轮、所述二档输入齿轮接合的第二同步器,并设有三档输入齿轮、四档输入齿轮;
所述输出轴上设有一档输出齿轮、二档输出齿轮,并空套有三档输出齿轮、四档输出齿轮,并设有能够与所述三档输出齿轮、所述四档输出齿轮接合的第三同步器,并设有与差速器的相应齿轮啮合的差速输出齿轮。
如上所述的混合动力传动机构,所述第五齿轮与所述四档输入齿轮为同一齿轮。
如上所述的混合动力传动机构,所述第一电机轴的一端直接与所述发动机机的曲轴相连,另一端直接与所述输入轴相连。
此外,本发明还提供一种汽车,所述汽车包括上述任一项所述的混合动力传动机构。
本发明提供的汽车的技术效果与上述混合动力传动机构的有益效果一致,在此不再重述。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的混合动力传动机构一种具体实施例的结构示意图。
其中,图1中的附图标记说明如下:
1发动机,2第一电机,3第二电机,4差速器,K离合器;
a1输入轴,a2输出轴,a3第一传动轴;
g1第一齿轮,g2第二齿轮,g3第三齿轮,g4第四齿轮,g5第五齿轮,g6第六齿轮;
G1一档输入齿轮,G2二档输入齿轮,G3三档输入齿轮,G4四档输入齿轮,G5一档输出齿轮,G6二档输出齿轮,G7三档输出齿轮,G8四档输出齿轮,G9差速输出齿轮;
S1第一同步器,S2第二同步器,S3第三同步器。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案,下面接合附图和具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案作进一步的详细说明。
首先,需要说明的是,上下文所述的齿轮设于轴上时,该齿轮与该轴同步转动;上下文所述的齿轮空套于轴上时,该齿轮可相对该轴(绕该轴)转动。
请参考图1,图1为本发明提供的混合动力传动机构一种具体实施例的结构示意图。
该实施例中,混合动力传动机构包括输入轴a1、输出轴a2、发动机1、第一电机2和第二电机3。具体实施中,可以使第二电机的额定功率大于第一电机的额定功率。
其中,输入轴a1和输出轴a2通过若干齿轮和同步器传动。
其中,发动机1的曲轴通过离合器K与输入轴a1相连。具体的,可以使第一电机轴的一端直接与发动机1的曲轴相连,另一端直接与输入轴a1相连,如此设置,利于提高第一电机轴与曲轴以及与输入轴a1之间的传动效率。
其中,第一电机2的第一电机轴与输入轴a1相连。
其中,第二电机3的第二电机轴与输出轴a2相连。
该机构可以实现纯电动、油电混动、纯油动三种运行模式,具体而言:
纯电动模式下,可以由第一电机2提供动力、或者由第二电机3提供动力、或者由第一电机2和第二电机3共同提供动力。
油电混动模式下,可以由发动机1和第一电机2共同提供动力、或者由发动机1和第二电机3共同提供动力、或者由发动机1和第一电机2及第二电机3共同提供动力。
纯油动模式下,由发动机1提供动力。
这三种模式下,在执行换档操作时,均可以利用第二电机3向输出轴a2提供补充动力,使换档过程中始终有动力传输到输出轴a2上,从而可以保持输出轴a2的动力连贯性,由此可以防止因为短暂的动力中断造成的换档冲击问题。
而且,该机构可以利用第一电机2起动发动机1,因而不需要额外设置起动机。相应的,该机构也可以利用发动机1通过第一电机2为蓄电池充电。
具体的,该实施例中,第二电机轴上设有第一齿轮g1。还设置有第一传动轴a3,第一传动轴a3上设有与第一齿轮g1啮合的第二齿轮g2,并空套有第三齿轮g3、第四齿轮g4,并设有能够与第三齿轮g3、第四齿轮g4接合的第一同步器S1。输入轴a1上设有与第三齿轮g3啮合的第五齿轮g5。输出轴a2上设有与第四齿轮g4啮合传动的第六齿轮g6。具体的,第六齿轮g6与第四齿轮g4可以直接啮合,也可以通过其他中间齿轮啮合。
通过设置第三齿轮g3和第五齿轮g5,可以使第二电机3通过两者向输入轴a1提供动力;同时,通过设置第四齿轮g4和第六齿轮g6,可以使第二电机3通过两者向输出轴a2提供补充动力。
该实施例中,第二电机轴、第一传动轴a3、输入轴a1、输出轴a2自上至下依次布置且相互平行。
该实施例中,输入轴a1上空套有一档输入齿轮G1、二档输入齿轮G2,并设有能够与一档输入齿轮G1、二档输入齿轮G2接合的第二同步器S2,并设有三档输入齿轮G3、四档输入齿轮G4。输出轴a2上设有一档输出齿轮G5、二档输出齿轮G6,并空套有三档输出齿轮G7、四档输出齿轮G8,并设有能够与三档输出齿轮G7、四档输出齿轮G8接合的第三同步器S3,并设有与差速器4的相应齿轮啮合的差速输出齿轮G9。应当理解,同档的输入齿轮和输出齿轮相互啮合。
该实施例中,第五齿轮g5与四档输入齿轮G4为同一齿轮,如此设置,可以节约布置空间,并且通过使第三齿轮g3与最高档输入齿轮啮合,利于提升第二电机3与输入轴a1之间的传动效率。
该实施例可以实现四档传动和倒档传动,具体而言:
一档传动时,第二同步器S2与一档输出齿轮G5接合,此时动力传递路线为:输入轴a1→第二同步器S2→一档输入齿轮G1→一档输出齿轮G5输出轴a2→差速输出齿轮G9→差速器4。
二档传动时,第二同步器S2与二档输出齿轮G6接合,此时动力传递路线为:输入轴a1→第二同步器S2→二档输入齿轮G2→二档输出齿轮G6→输出轴a2→差速输出齿轮G9→差速器4。
三档传动时,第三同步器S3与三档输入齿轮G3接合,此时动力传递路线为:输入轴a1→三档输入齿轮G3→三档输出齿轮G7→第三同步器S3→输出轴a2→差速输出齿轮G9→差速器4。
四档传动时,第三同步器S3与四档输入齿轮G4接合,此时动力传递路线为:输入轴a1→四档输入齿轮G4→四档输出齿轮G8→第三同步器S3→输出轴a2→差速输出齿轮G9→差速器4。
倒档传动时,可以通过反转第一电机轴,并使第二同步器S2或者第三同步器S3与对应的一个齿轮接合实现。也可以通过反转第二电机轴,并使第一同步器S1与第四齿轮g4接合实现,此时,第二同步器S2和第三同步器S3与对应的两齿轮均处于分离状态。还可以通过反转第二电机轴,并使第一同步器S1与第三齿轮g3接合,并使第二同步器S2或者第三同步器S3与对应的一个齿轮接合实现。
该实施例在第一电机2提供动力、第一电机2和第二电机3共同提供动力、第二电机3提供动力的纯电动模式下,以及,在第一电机2和发动机1共同提供动力、第二电机3和发动机1共同提供动力、第一电机2和第二电机3及发动机1共同提供动力的混动模式下,以及,在发动机1提供动力的油动模式下,均可以实现上述四档传动。
该实施例在换档时可以通过第二电机3向输出轴a2提供补充动力,从而均可以缓解换档冲击问题,而且,仅设置三个转轴(a1、a2、a3),使整体结构简单紧凑,并且可以实现多种传动模式以及多档传动。
需要说明的是,具体实施中,可以根据实际需要设置更多或者更少的档位输出齿轮和档位输入齿轮,并不局限于该实施例中的四个档位输出齿轮和四个档位输入齿轮。而且,可以根据实际需要选择哪些档位的齿轮空套于轴上,哪些档位的齿轮设于轴上。
另外,本发明还提供一种汽车,所述汽车包括上述的混合动力传动机构。对于混合动力传动机构如何连接在车体上,是本领域技术人员熟知的技术,在此不再详述。
以上对本发明所提供的一种汽车及其混合动力传动机构进行了详细介绍。本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述,以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰,这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (5)

1.一种汽车的混合动力传动机构,其特征在于,所述混合动力传动机构包括:
输入轴(a1)和输出轴(a2),两者通过齿轮和同步器传动;
发动机(1),所述发动机(1)的曲轴通过离合器(K)与所述输入轴(a1)相连;
第一电机(2),所述第一电机(2)的第一电机轴与所述输入轴(a1)相连;
第二电机(3),所述第二电机(3)的第二电机轴与所述输出轴(a2)相连,用于换档时向所述输出轴(a2)提供补充动力;
所述第二电机轴上设有第一齿轮(g1);所述混合动力传动机构还包括第一传动轴(a3),所述第一传动轴(a3)上设有与所述第一齿轮(g1)啮合的第二齿轮(g2),并空套有第三齿轮(g3)、第四齿轮(g4),并设有能够与所述第三齿轮(g3)、所述第四齿轮(g4)接合的第一同步器(S1);所述输入轴(a1)上设有与所述第三齿轮(g3)啮合的第五齿轮(g5);所述输出轴(a2)上设有与所述第四齿轮(g4)啮合传动的第六齿轮(g6)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力传动机构,其特征在于,所述第二电机轴、所述第一传动轴(a3)、所述输入轴(a1)和所述输出轴(a2)自上至下依次布置且相互平行。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力传动机构,其特征在于,所述输入轴(a1)上空套有一档输入齿轮(G1)、二档输入齿轮(G2),并设有能够与所述一档输入齿轮(G1)、所述二档输入齿轮(G2)接合的第二同步器(S2),并设有三档输入齿轮(G3)、四档输入齿轮(G4);
所述输出轴(a2)上设有一档输出齿轮(G5)、二档输出齿轮(G6),并空套有三档输出齿轮(G7)、四档输出齿轮(G8),并设有能够与所述三档输出齿轮(G7)、所述四档输出齿轮(G8)接合的第三同步器(S3),并设有与差速器(4)的相应齿轮啮合的差速输出齿轮(G9)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合动力传动机构,其特征在于,所述第五齿轮(g5)与所述四档输入齿轮(G4)为同一齿轮。
5.一种汽车,其特征在于,所述汽车包括权利要求1-4任一项所述的混合动力传动机构。
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