CN111974682A - Particle grading device - Google Patents
Particle grading device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111974682A CN111974682A CN202010860561.4A CN202010860561A CN111974682A CN 111974682 A CN111974682 A CN 111974682A CN 202010860561 A CN202010860561 A CN 202010860561A CN 111974682 A CN111974682 A CN 111974682A
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 202
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/06—Cone or disc shaped screens
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
- B07B1/4609—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens constructional details of screening surfaces or meshes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
- B07B11/02—Arrangement of air or material conditioning accessories
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- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a particle classifying device, including: the bottom end of the shell is provided with a first particle outlet pipe; a particle inlet pipe and a plurality of gas outlet pipes arranged at the top of the shell, wherein the plurality of gas outlet pipes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction and surround the particle inlet pipe; the dispersing sieve plate, the structured packing and the collecting sieve plate are arranged in the shell from top to bottom in sequence; the tip of the dispersing sieve plate is opposite to the lower end of the particle inlet pipe, and the regular packing is provided with an inclined channel; a second particle outlet pipe connected to a tip end of the collecting sieve plate, a lower end of which is located outside the casing; the gas distributor comprises a circular pipe arranged in the shell and positioned below the collecting sieve plate and a gas inlet pipe communicated with the circular pipe; the ring pipe is provided with a downward opening, and the air inlet pipe penetrates through the side wall of the shell and is connected with an air source. The particle grading device provided by the embodiment of the invention can give consideration to good particle dispersibility, regular airflow field distribution and multiple times of fine powder elutriation by airflow.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of powder preparation and processing, in particular to a particle grading device.
Background
The particle classification is a basic industrial operation, and has wide application in the industries of mineral processing, filter material regeneration, powder selection and the like due to the characteristics of high separation efficiency, good economy, strong environmental adaptability and the like. Among them, air classification has a high efficiency for binary particle classification.
A plurality of technical links need to be considered comprehensively when the air classifier is designed, and the air classifier mainly comprises: particle dispersibility, distribution of airflow flow field and multiple elutriation of fine powder by airflow. The possibility of particle agglomeration and entrainment can be reduced due to good dispersibility, the grading precision and the grading particle size can be controlled at any time due to the stable and regular flow field, and the fine powder elutriation process is graded for multiple times by reasonably arranging the air flow, so that the grading efficiency is improved.
However, the classification process and the classification flow field in the existing air classifier are disordered, so that the problems of low classification precision, irregular pressure drop and the like are caused. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, an inclined baffle classifier, proposed for Barsky et al, passes air from bottom to top through the housing 8 'via a single-sided air inlet 9' while particles enter the apparatus from the inlet duct 1 'and are dumped onto the baffles 6'. The particles are contacted with air in a cross flow manner in the process of sliding downwards to finish classification. But the falling particles are seriously entrained with the fine powder; meanwhile, a vortex is formed below the baffle plate, so that material accumulation and excessive pressure drop are caused; the unilateral air inlet and air outlet cause uneven air distribution, and the grading effect is influenced.
In addition, the particles flow in a zigzag fashion in the separation chamber and are in counter-current contact with the gas stream, as in the broken-line classifier proposed by Kaiser et al. Although multiple elutions of fine powder can be achieved, the entrainment is too large due to insufficient particle dispersibility. The porous column plate grader proposed by Wanghaibo et al adds horizontal porous column plate in the separation cavity, obviously improves the grading quality but has too large pressure drop.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the foregoing defects in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a particle classifying device, which can give consideration to good particle dispersibility, regular airflow field distribution, and multiple elutriation of fine powder by airflow, so as to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
A particle sorting apparatus comprising:
the bottom end of the shell is provided with a first particle outlet pipe;
a particle inlet pipe provided at the center of the top of the housing;
a plurality of gas outlet pipes arranged at the top edge of the shell, wherein the plurality of gas outlet pipes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction and surround the particle inlet pipe;
the dispersing sieve plate is arranged in the shell and is in a cone shape with an upward tip end, and the tip end is opposite to the lower end of the particle inlet pipe; the dispersing sieve plate is spaced from the inner wall of the shell;
the regular packing is arranged in the shell and positioned below the dispersing sieve plate, and an inclined channel which forms a certain included angle with the axial direction of the shell is arranged in the regular packing;
the collecting sieve plate is arranged in the shell and positioned below the structured packing, and the collecting sieve plate is in a frustum shape with a downward pointed end;
a second particle outlet pipe connected to a tip end of the collecting screen plate, a lower end of the second particle outlet pipe being located outside the casing;
a gas distributor, comprising: the circular pipe is arranged in the shell and positioned below the collecting sieve plate, and the air inlet pipe is communicated with the circular pipe; the ring pipe is provided with a downward opening, and the air inlet pipe penetrates through the side wall of the shell and is connected with an air source.
Preferably, the housing comprises: the device comprises a straight cylinder section, an upper end cover arranged at the upper end of the straight cylinder section and a lower end cover arranged at the lower end of the straight cylinder section;
the particle inlet pipe and the plurality of gas outlet pipes are arranged on the upper end cover, and the first particle outlet pipe is arranged on the lower end cover;
the particle inlet pipe extends downwardly beyond the lower end of the upper end cap and into the straight barrel section, but above the tip of the dispersion screen deck.
Preferably, the diameters of the plurality of gas outlet pipes are equal, and the ratio of the diameter of the single gas outlet pipe to the diameter of the straight cylinder section is not lower than 0.25.
Preferably, the dispersing screen deck has a first slope, a first bottom edge diameter and a first screening gap; the first gradient is an included angle between the inclined edge of the dispersing sieve plate and the radial direction of the shell and is between 30 and 60 degrees; the ratio of the diameter of the first bottom edge to the diameter of the straight cylinder section is 0.5-0.66;
and in the classified material entering through the particle inlet pipe, the particles with the particle size smaller than that of the first screening gap are discharged together with the airflow through the gas outlet pipe under the action of airflow drag force, and the particles with the particle size larger than that of the first screening gap slide on the inclined surface of the dispersing sieve plate and are in cross flow contact with the airflow vertically penetrating through the surface of the dispersing sieve plate, so that the particles with the particle size larger than that of the first screening gap are uniformly dispersed on the surface of the dispersing sieve plate and are stripped.
Preferably, a reinforcing part is arranged in the straight cylinder section, and a space below the reinforcing part forms a separation space;
the upper edge of the reinforcing part is flush with the lower edge of the dispersing sieve plate, and the lower edge of the reinforcing part corresponds to the intersection point of the extension line of the inclined edge of the dispersing sieve plate and the inner wall surface of the straight cylinder section; particles having a size larger than the first screening gap, after leaving the dispersing screen deck, bounce off over the reinforcement and then spread over the entire separation space.
Preferably, the structured packing is formed by combining a plurality of corrugated plate sheets, and the adjacent corrugated plate sheets are arranged in a mirror image mode, so that the inclined channels are formed between the adjacent corrugated plate sheets.
Preferably, the corrugated plate has a second slope, and the second slope is an included angle between the inclined channel and the axial direction of the shell and is between 30 and 60 degrees; the whole structured packing is cylindrical and has a second diameter, and the ratio of the second diameter to the diameter of the straight cylinder section is 0.66-0.83.
Preferably, the number of the structured packing is multiple, the structured packing is sequentially overlapped along the axial direction of the straight cylinder section, the adjacent structured packing is symmetrically arranged, and the inclined channels form zigzag channels.
Preferably, the collection screen deck has a third slope and a second screening gap; the third gradient is an included angle between the inclined edge of the collecting sieve plate and the radial direction of the shell and is between 30 and 60 degrees;
and in the materials falling through the structured packing, the particles with the particle size smaller than that of the second screening gap move upwards along with the airflow and are discharged through the gas outlet pipe, and the particles with the particle size larger than that of the second screening gap slide downwards on the surface of the collecting sieve plate and are collected and discharged through the second particle outlet pipe.
Preferably, the second particle outlet pipe comprises a straight pipe section and a bent pipe section which are integrally arranged, and the particle inlet pipe, the plurality of gas outlet pipes, the upper end cover, the dispersing sieve plate, the straight pipe section, the reinforcing part, the structured packing, the collecting sieve plate, the lower end cover, the first particle outlet pipe and the straight pipe section are axially symmetrically distributed on the central axis of the shell.
Compared with the prior art, the particle grading device has the following advantages:
1. the particles are fully dispersed and classified at the feeding part for the first time, so that the entrainment of fine powder in ascending airflow by descending particles is prevented, and the classification burden of the subsequent process is reduced.
2. A plurality of gas outlet pipes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, so that the flow field offset and gas velocity gradient caused by single-side exhaust in an outlet area of the conventional grading device are eliminated, and the axial gas flow distribution is more uniform and reasonable.
3. Regular packing is arranged in the straight cylinder section, the structural constraint can guide airflow to flow, a graded flow field is standardized, and the pressure drop of the device is controlled; the particles are contacted with the air flow in a cross flow manner for many times in the zigzag channel, so that the retention time of the particles is prolonged, and the grading precision is further improved.
4. The sieve is collected to the large granule export connection frustum form that is the second granule export, realizes the abundant strip before the large granule leaves the device, strengthens the air current to the effect of winnowing of granule.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and drawings, indicating the manner in which the principles of the invention may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the invention are not so limited in scope.
Features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments, in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.
It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used herein, is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components.
Drawings
The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. In addition, the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members in the drawings are merely schematic for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and do not specifically limit the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members of the present invention. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of the teachings of this invention, may choose from the various possible shapes and proportional sizes to implement the invention as a matter of case. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art air classifier;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a particle classifying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the dispersing screen of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a single corrugated sheet;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structured packing of FIG. 2.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a single embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a particle classifying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, solid arrows indicate the moving direction of the air flow, and dotted arrows indicate the moving direction of the particles. The particle classifying apparatus includes:
the bottom end of the shell 1 is provided with a first particle outlet pipe 1-1;
a particle inlet pipe 2 provided at the center of the top of the housing 1;
a plurality of gas outlet pipes 3 provided at the top edge of the housing 1, uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction and surrounding the particle inlet pipe 2;
the dispersing sieve plate 4 is arranged in the shell 1 and is in a cone shape with an upward tip end, and the tip end is opposite to the lower end of the particle inlet pipe 2; the dispersing sieve plate 4 is arranged in the middle of the shell 1 and can be suspended at the top of the shell 1 through a plurality of connecting pieces or fixed on the inner wall of the shell 1 through a plurality of support rods;
the regular packing 6 is arranged in the shell 1 and below the dispersing sieve plate 4, and is provided with an inclined channel 6-1 which forms a certain included angle with the axial direction of the shell 1;
the collecting sieve plate 7 is arranged in the shell 1, is positioned below the structured packing 6 and is in a frustum shape with a downward tip;
the second particle outlet pipe 1-2 is connected with the tip end of the collecting sieve plate 7, and the lower end of the second particle outlet pipe is positioned outside the shell 1;
a gas distributor 9 comprising: a circular pipe 9-1 arranged in the shell 1 and positioned below the collecting sieve plate 7, and an air inlet pipe 9-2 communicated with the circular pipe 9-1; the ring pipe 9-1 is provided with a downward opening, and the air inlet pipe 9-2 penetrates through the side wall of the shell 1 and is connected with an air source.
In this embodiment, the casing 1 is a sectional structure, and includes a cylindrical section 1-3, an upper end cap 1-4 disposed at the upper end of the cylindrical section 1-3, and a lower end cap 1-5 disposed at the lower end of the cylindrical section 1-3. The first particle outlet pipe 1-1 is arranged on the lower end cover 1-5, and the particle inlet pipe 2 and the plurality of gas outlet pipes 3 are arranged on the upper end cover 1-4.
The particle inlet pipe 2 extends downwards to exceed the lower end of the upper end cover 1-4, enters the straight cylinder section 1-3, and is not specifically limited in distance from the tip of the dispersing sieve plate 4, but cannot be lower than or higher than the tip of the dispersing sieve plate 4, so that the normal falling of particles is ensured, and the particles are prevented from being accumulated at the inlet. Meanwhile, the particle inlet is separated from the gas outlet, so that the interaction between falling particles and fine powder rising along with airflow is prevented, the fine powder entrainment in coarse powder is reduced, and the classification precision is improved.
Referring to fig. 3, the dispersing screen plate 4 is a cone with an upward pointed end, and includes a plurality of support rods 4-1 uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction and wires 4-2 connected to the plurality of support rods 4-1, the diameter of the wires 4-2 is gradually increased along the direction from top to bottom, and the distance between adjacent wires 4-2 is a first screening gap L1 described below.
The dispersing screen deck 4 is arranged on the central axis of the casing 1 and has a first slope α, a first bottom edge diameter D1 and a first screening gap L1. Wherein, the first slope alpha is the included angle between the inclined edge of the dispersing sieve plate 4 and the radial direction of the shell 1 and is between 30 and 60 degrees. The ratio of the diameter D1 of the first bottom edge to the diameter D of the straight cylinder section 1-3 is 0.5-0.66, so that smooth flowing of particles is ensured, and the dispersion function of the particles is exerted to the maximum extent.
The first screening gap L1 is not particularly limited, but is between the diameters of the two particles in the classified material. After the particles fall from the particle inlet pipe 2, the particles (for short, large particles) with the particle size larger than the first screening gap L1 in the classified material slide on the surface of the dispersing sieve plate 4, and simultaneously, the airflow vertically passes through the surface of the dispersing sieve plate 4, and the particles and the airflow are in cross flow contact, so that the material is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the dispersing sieve plate 4 and is stripped. The particles (small particles for short) with the particle size smaller than the first screening gap L1 in the classified material enter the particle inlet pipe 2 together with the airflow and are discharged under the action of the airflow drag force.
The diameters of the plurality of gas outlet pipes 3 are equal, and the ratio of the diameter of the single gas outlet pipe 3 to the diameter D of the straight cylinder section 1-3 is not less than 0.25, so as to prevent gas flow accumulation and poor feeding caused by excessive gas flow pressure drop. The plurality of gas outlet pipes 3 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, so that the flow field offset and gas velocity gradient caused by single-side exhaust in an outlet area of the conventional grading device are eliminated, and the axial gas flow distribution is more uniform and reasonable.
In a specific embodiment, there are two gas outlet pipes 3, and the two gas outlet pipes 3 are symmetrically arranged.
With continued reference to fig. 2, due to the space between the dispersing screen 4 and the inner wall of the housing 1, large particles sliding down the inclined surface of the dispersing screen 4 enter the lower space through the gap between the dispersing screen and the inner wall. In the process of slipping, the large particles first hit the inner wall of the housing 1 (straight cylinder sections 1-3) and then bounce back. In order to prevent the inner wall of the straight cylinder section 1-3 from being broken down or worn by large particles, in one embodiment, the straight cylinder section 1-3 is provided with a reinforcing part 5 in a ring-shaped structure with a certain thickness. In one implementation, the reinforcing portion 5 may be integrally formed with the straight cylinder sections 1-3, and specifically, the reinforcing portion 5 may be an annular structure formed by inward protrusions of the inner walls of the straight cylinder sections 1-3, and in short, the thickness of the straight cylinder sections 1-3 at the position of the reinforcing portion 5 is thicker than that at other positions. In another implementation, the reinforcement part 5 may be an annular member additionally disposed on the inner wall of the straight cylinder section 1-3, and the two parts may be fixed by welding, bonding, or the like.
The first bottom edge diameter D1 of the dispersing screen plate 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of 5 to ensure the smooth falling of large particles. The space below the reinforcement part 5 forms a separation space 1-6, and particles flying along the surface of the dispersing screen 4, i.e., large particles, hit the reinforcement part 5 and bounce back, and then spread throughout the separation space 1-6, so that the particles are re-dispersed.
Furthermore, the particles to be classified may stick together, for example: several particles of small size (smaller than the first sieving gap L1) are bound together into one large particle; alternatively, one large particle size particle is adhered with several small particle size particles (i.e., entrainment). The large particles formed by bonding together can be debonded to a certain extent in the process of rolling downwards on the inclined surface of the dispersing screen plate 4, so that the single particles are separated or separated, and the small particles are released again. These released small particles can be discharged from the particle inlet tube 2 with the air flow again under the drag force of the air flow.
The upper edge of the reinforcement 5 is flush with the lower edge of the dispersion screen deck 4, and the lower edge is the intersection point of the extension line of the oblique side of the dispersion screen deck 4 and the inner wall surface of the straight cylinder section 1-3, thereby ensuring that most of large particles with the particle size larger than the first screening gap L1 can fall into the range of the reinforcement 5. The specific thickness of the reinforcing portion 5 is not limited in this embodiment, but it is sufficient to ensure that the cylindrical wall of the straight cylindrical sections 1-3 will not leak due to abrasion by particles.
As shown in the combination of FIGS. 4 and 5, the structured packing 6 is formed by combining a plurality of corrugated sheets 6-2, and the adjacent corrugated sheets 6-2 are arranged in a mirror image manner, so that inclined channels 6-1 are formed between the adjacent corrugated sheets 6-2. In this embodiment, the corrugated plates 6-2 are rectangular and corrugated, and the corrugations of the corrugated plates 6-2 are arranged symmetrically to form the inclined channels 6-1.
The process of making structured packing 6 from a plurality of corrugated sheets 6-2 is generally: a plurality of rectangular corrugated plates 6-2 are stacked together in a mirror image manner to form a block-shaped structure which is rectangular overall. Subsequently, the rectangular block-shaped structure is finally formed into a structured packing 6 having a cylindrical structure by a corresponding process (e.g., circular cutting or punching).
As shown in fig. 4, the corrugations of the surface of the corrugated sheet 6-2 are at an angle to the axial direction of the housing 1, i.e. a second slope β. As shown in FIG. 5, adjacent corrugated sheets 6-2 are placed in mirror image with respect to each other such that the corrugated sheets 6-2 define therebetween quadrilateral inclined channels 6-1 that form a single piece of structured packing 6 having a circular cross-sectional shape and a second diameter D2. The second slope beta is 30-60 degrees, the ratio of the second diameter D2 to the diameter D of the straight cylinder section 1-3 is 0.66-0.83, so that the particles can smoothly flow in the inclined channel 6-1 and have enough retention time, and meanwhile, the accumulation of materials near the inner wall of the straight cylinder section 1-3 caused by the overlarge second diameter D2 is avoided.
As can be seen from the above-described process for preparing the structured packing 6 and the structure thereof, some of the inclined channels 6-1 in the structured packing 6 near the edges extend through the upper surface and the sidewalls of the structured packing 6, while only some of the inclined channels 6-1 near the middle region extend through the upper and lower surfaces of the structured packing 6, as shown in FIG. 2. Therefore, to avoid blockage of the inclined channels 6-1 near the edges that extend only through the upper surface and sidewalls of the structured packing 6, in this embodiment, the structured packing 6 is spaced from the inner walls of the straight sections 1-3 with gaps 1-7 formed therebetween. Thus, the inclined channels 6-1 which are close to the edges and only penetrate through the upper surface and the side walls of the structured packing 6 can realize smooth discharge and avoid the phenomenon of material blockage.
Furthermore, two or more structured packings 6 are arranged along the axial direction of the straight cylinder section 1-3, the structured packings 6 are sequentially superposed along the axial direction of the straight cylinder section 1-3 and are symmetrically arranged with each other, so that the inclined channels 6-1 are connected to finally form the zigzag channel. The particles rebounded through the reinforcement 5 fall in a parabolic shape and fall into the inclined channel 6-1 of the structured packing 6. Since the plurality of inclined channels 6-1 are connected to each other to form a zigzag channel, the particles move in zigzag in the zigzag channel. In the period, the particles are contacted with the airflow in a counter-current or cross-current manner for multiple times, so that the contact time of the particles and the airflow is prolonged, the elutriation effect of the airflow on the particles is enhanced, and the grading precision is improved.
In the present embodiment, the number and height of the structured packing 6 are not specifically limited, and may be adjusted according to actual needs and specific application scenarios.
Bearing in mind the above, the dispersing screen 4 has two functions: the first is to disperse the particles and the second is to screen the particles roughly. The particles poured from the particle inlet pipe 2 are scattered by the dispersing sieve plate 4 and are primarily screened, the small particles are carried by the airflow and are discharged through the gas outlet pipe 3, and the large particles slide down on the inclined surface of the dispersing sieve plate 4. However, the large particles inevitably become entrained in the process of falling down, i.e. the small particles are entrained on the surface of the large particles. At the same time, there is also a small portion of small particles missing from the first screening gap L1 of the dispersing screen 4. After the small particles carried by the carrier tape and lost enter a zigzag channel formed by a plurality of regular fillers 6, the speed is slowed down, the retention time is prolonged, the small particles are contacted with the ascending air flow in a counter-current or cross-current manner, the small particles are carried by the air flow to ascend and are finally discharged, the large particles continuously fall, and thus secondary classification is obtained, and the classification effect is improved.
Similarly, the arrangement of a plurality of structured packings 6 for secondary classification inevitably causes entrainment. The particles discharged from the plurality of structured packings 6 fall into the collecting sieve 7 below and are subjected to a final or fine screening.
As shown in fig. 2, the collecting sieve plate 7 is in a frustum shape with gradually reduced inner diameter, and the large opening end is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the straight cylinder section 1-3 in a welding mode; the small opening end or the tip end is connected with the straight pipe section of the second particle outlet pipe 1-2 in a welding mode.
Furthermore, the collecting sieve plate 7 is provided with a third slope gamma and a second sieving gap L2, the third slope gamma is an included angle between the inclined edge of the collecting sieve plate 7 and the radial direction of the shell 1 and is between 30 and 60 degrees, and the arrangement ensures that materials can smoothly flow on the collecting sieve plate 7 and have enough residence time. The second screening gap L2 is between the diameters of two kinds of particles contained in the material falling through the structured packing 6, so that large particles, i.e. particles with a particle size larger than that of the second screening gap, are in cross-flow contact with air vertically passing through the collecting sieve plate 7 in the process of sliding on the surface of the collecting sieve plate 7, and then are collected and discharged out of the particle classification device through the second particle outlet; the small particles, i.e. particles having a size smaller than the second screening gap, move upwards with the gas flow and are discharged out of the particle sorting device through the gas outlet pipe 3.
Further, the collecting screen plate 7 may adopt a johnson net structure, and is made of the same material as the dispersing screen plate 4, which is not described herein again. The second screening gap L2 of the collecting screen deck 7 is equal to the first screening gap L1 of the dispersing screen deck 4, the particle sorting device of the embodiment of the present invention realizes the secondary separation, and the finally obtained particles are the dividing line of the first screening gap L1 or the second screening gap L2: large particles having a size larger than the first screening gap L1 or the second screening gap L2 are discharged from the second particle outlet pipe 1-2, and small particles having a size smaller than the first screening gap L1 or the second screening gap L2 are discharged from the gas outlet pipe 3.
As can be seen from the above, a certain distance is left between the structured packing 6 and the inner wall of the straight cylinder section 1-3, and after rebounding through the reinforcing part 5, inevitable parts of materials directly fall from the gaps 1-7. This fraction finally falls entirely within the confines of the collection sieve 7 and, by stripping, also separates the fines. The lower end cap 1-5 is provided with a first particle outlet pipe 1-1 in order to collect a part of the dust falling from the collecting screen plate 7 when the apparatus is parked and to close the apparatus when it is operating normally.
The gas distributor 9 is not particularly limited in form. In one embodiment, the gas distributor 9 is a ring gas distributor or a tube distributor, having a gas inlet tube 9-2 and a loop tube 9-1. The opening formed in the ring pipe 9-1 is generally inclined inward by 45 degrees, and airflow sprayed from the opening is rebounded upwards after striking the lower end cover 1-5, so that secondary distribution of the airflow is realized, and the airflow is more uniform.
The gas distributor 9 is connected with a gas source (such as a gas pump, an air compressor and the like) through a gas inlet pipe 9-2, and continuous, pulse or rotational flow gas inlet can be realized. The air inflow is such that the air speed of the section 1-3 of the straight cylinder section is between the small particle carrying-out speed and the large particle initial fluidization speed, so that the small particles are carried by the air flow in the process of contacting with the air flow, but the large particles are not affected and continue to move downwards.
As shown in figure 2, the second particle outlet pipe 1-2 comprises a straight pipe section and a bent pipe section which are integrally arranged, and the particle inlet pipe 2, the gas outlet pipe 3, the upper end cover 1-4, the dispersing sieve plate 4, the reinforcing part 5, the structured packing 6, the collecting sieve plate 7, the straight pipe sections 1-3, the ring pipe 9-1 part of the gas distributor 9, the lower end cover 1-5, the straight pipe sections of the first particle outlet pipe 1-1 and the second particle outlet pipe 1-2 are all distributed in axial symmetry with the central axis of the shell 1. Wherein, the particle inlet pipe 2, the upper end cover 1-4, the dispersing sieve plate 4, the straight cylinder section 1-3, the reinforcing part 5, the structured packing 6, the collecting sieve plate 7, the lower end cover 1-5, the straight pipe sections of the first particle outlet pipe 1-1 and the second particle outlet pipe 1-2 are coaxially arranged.
Further, since the collecting screen 7 is located at the middle position of the casing 1, the straight tube sections of the second particle outlet tube 1-2 are also necessarily disposed on both sides of the axis of the casing 1. The second particle outlet pipe 1-2 can either vertically and downwardly directly pass through the first particle outlet pipe 1-1 or turn at a certain angle at a certain height and pass through the lower end cap 1-5, and the specific form is not particularly limited, depending on the application and installation conditions
Through the setting, the materials entering from the particle inlet pipe 2 are dispersed and stripped through the dispersing sieve plate 4 in sequence, rebound and re-dispersed through the reinforcing part 5, fall into the inclined zigzag channel of the regular packing 6, flow in a zigzag manner in the process, and are fully contacted with the airflow from bottom to top, so that the elutriation effect of the airflow is enhanced; finally falls on the surface of the collection sieve plate 7 to be stripped again. After leaving the reinforcement 5, part of the particles fall directly downwards onto the surface of the collecting screen 7. The large particles finally flow into the second particle outlet pipe 1-2 to be discharged outside the classifying device; the small particles are carried by the gas flow during the movement and move upwards, and are discharged out of the device from a plurality of gas outlet pipes 3 which are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction.
Compared with the prior art, the particle grading device has the following advantages:
1. the particles are fully dispersed and classified at the feeding part for the first time, so that the entrainment of fine powder in ascending airflow by descending particles is prevented, and the classification burden of the subsequent process is reduced.
2. The plurality of gas outlet pipes 3 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, so that the flow field offset and gas velocity gradient caused by single-side exhaust in an outlet area of the conventional grading device are eliminated, and the axial gas flow distribution is more uniform and reasonable.
3. Regular packing 6 is arranged in the straight cylinder sections 1-3, the structural constraint can guide airflow to flow, a graded flow field is standardized, and the pressure drop of the device is controlled; the particles are contacted with the air flow in a cross flow manner for many times in the zigzag channel, so that the retention time of the particles is prolonged, and the grading precision is further improved.
4. The large granule export is second granule exit linkage frustum form and is collected sieve 7, realizes the abundant strip before the large granule leaves the device, strengthens the air current to the effect of winnowing of granule.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and for distinguishing similar objects, and no precedence between the two is considered as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The above are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention according to the disclosure of the application document without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A particle sorting apparatus, comprising:
the bottom end of the shell is provided with a first particle outlet pipe;
a particle inlet pipe provided at the center of the top of the housing;
a plurality of gas outlet pipes arranged at the top edge of the shell, wherein the plurality of gas outlet pipes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction and surround the particle inlet pipe;
the dispersing sieve plate is arranged in the shell and is in a cone shape with an upward tip end, and the tip end is opposite to the lower end of the particle inlet pipe; the dispersing sieve plate is spaced from the inner wall of the shell;
the regular packing is arranged in the shell and positioned below the dispersing sieve plate, and an inclined channel which forms a certain included angle with the axial direction of the shell is arranged in the regular packing;
the collecting sieve plate is arranged in the shell and positioned below the structured packing, and the collecting sieve plate is in a frustum shape with a downward pointed end;
a second particle outlet pipe connected to a tip end of the collecting screen plate, a lower end of the second particle outlet pipe being located outside the casing;
a gas distributor, comprising: the circular pipe is arranged in the shell and positioned below the collecting sieve plate, and the air inlet pipe is communicated with the circular pipe; the ring pipe is provided with a downward opening, and the air inlet pipe penetrates through the side wall of the shell and is connected with an air source.
2. The particle sorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the housing comprises: the device comprises a straight cylinder section, an upper end cover arranged at the upper end of the straight cylinder section and a lower end cover arranged at the lower end of the straight cylinder section;
the particle inlet pipe and the plurality of gas outlet pipes are arranged on the upper end cover, and the first particle outlet pipe is arranged on the lower end cover;
the particle inlet pipe extends downwardly beyond the lower end of the upper end cap and into the straight barrel section, but above the tip of the dispersion screen deck.
3. The particle sorting device according to claim 2, wherein the diameters of a plurality of said gas outlet pipes are equal, and the ratio of the diameter of a single gas outlet pipe to the diameter of said straight cylinder section is not less than 0.25.
4. The particle sorting apparatus of claim 2, wherein the dispersing screen has a first slope, a first bottom edge diameter, and a first screening gap; the first gradient is an included angle between the inclined edge of the dispersing sieve plate and the radial direction of the shell and is between 30 and 60 degrees; the ratio of the diameter of the first bottom edge to the diameter of the straight cylinder section is 0.5-0.66;
and in the classified material entering through the particle inlet pipe, the particles with the particle size smaller than that of the first screening gap are discharged together with the airflow through the gas outlet pipe under the action of airflow drag force, and the particles with the particle size larger than that of the first screening gap slide on the inclined surface of the dispersing sieve plate and are in cross flow contact with the airflow vertically penetrating through the surface of the dispersing sieve plate, so that the particles with the particle size larger than that of the first screening gap are uniformly dispersed on the surface of the dispersing sieve plate and are stripped.
5. The apparatus for classifying particles according to claim 4, wherein a reinforcing portion is provided in said straight cylinder section, and a space below said reinforcing portion forms a separation space;
the upper edge of the reinforcing part is flush with the lower edge of the dispersing sieve plate, and the lower edge of the reinforcing part corresponds to the intersection point of the extension line of the inclined edge of the dispersing sieve plate and the inner wall surface of the straight cylinder section; particles having a size larger than the first screening gap, after leaving the dispersing screen deck, bounce off over the reinforcement and then spread over the entire separation space.
6. The particle sorting apparatus of claim 2, wherein the structured packing is formed from a plurality of corrugated sheets, adjacent ones of the corrugated sheets being arranged in mirror image such that the inclined channels are formed between adjacent ones of the corrugated sheets.
7. The particle sorting apparatus of claim 6, wherein the corrugated sheet has a second slope, the second slope being an angle between the inclined passage and an axial direction of the housing, of between 30 ° and 60 °; the whole structured packing is cylindrical and has a second diameter, and the ratio of the second diameter to the diameter of the straight cylinder section is 0.66-0.83.
8. The particle sorting device according to claim 6, wherein the number of the structured packing is plural, a plurality of the structured packing are sequentially stacked in the axial direction of the straight tube section, adjacent structured packing are symmetrically arranged, and the inclined channels form zigzag channels.
9. The particle sorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the collection screen has a third slope and a second screening gap; the third gradient is an included angle between the inclined edge of the collecting sieve plate and the radial direction of the shell and is between 30 and 60 degrees;
and in the materials falling through the structured packing, the particles with the particle size smaller than that of the second screening gap move upwards along with the airflow and are discharged through the gas outlet pipe, and the particles with the particle size larger than that of the second screening gap slide downwards on the surface of the collecting sieve plate and are collected and discharged through the second particle outlet pipe.
10. The particle sorting device according to claim 2, wherein the second particle outlet pipe comprises a straight pipe section and a bent pipe section which are integrally provided, and the particle inlet pipe, the plurality of gas outlet pipes, the upper end cover, the dispersing sieve plate, the straight pipe section, the reinforcing portion, the structured packing, the collecting sieve plate, the lower end cover, the first particle outlet pipe and the straight pipe section are all axially symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the housing.
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| CN202010860561.4A CN111974682B (en) | 2020-08-25 | 2020-08-25 | Particle classification device |
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| CN111974682B (en) | 2024-06-04 |
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