CN111965778B - Method for adjusting and judging coaxial equal height of optical element based on guide rail and sliding block and capable of improving working efficiency - Google Patents

Method for adjusting and judging coaxial equal height of optical element based on guide rail and sliding block and capable of improving working efficiency Download PDF

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CN111965778B
CN111965778B CN202010907241.XA CN202010907241A CN111965778B CN 111965778 B CN111965778 B CN 111965778B CN 202010907241 A CN202010907241 A CN 202010907241A CN 111965778 B CN111965778 B CN 111965778B
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adjusting
laser beam
lens
coaxial
guide rail
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CN111965778A (en
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潘宝珠
崔荣华
汤靖
方靖淮
渠丽华
李博文
陈天昊
蓝新惠
张思远
赵玉杰
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Nantong University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/06Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
    • G09B23/22Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for optics

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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Mounting And Adjusting Of Optical Elements (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for adjusting and judging the coaxial equal height of an optical element based on a guide rail and a slide block, which improves the working efficiency and comprises the following steps: (1) adjusting the coaxial heights of the 2 small holes to be equal; (2) adjusting the laser to level the laser beam; (3) adjusting the coaxial equal height of the lens and the laser beam; (4) and adjusting the coaxial heights of the object screen, the light screen and the laser beam to be equal. The invention has low cost, high precision and convenient realization, can simultaneously meet the requirements of independently adjusting the coaxial height of optical lenses such as a convex lens, a concave lens, a cemented mirror and the like, can also realize the adjustment and judgment of the coaxial height of other plane optical elements such as an object screen, an image screen and the like, and is very suitable for optical experiments and engineering technology.

Description

Method for adjusting and judging coaxial equal height of optical element based on guide rail and sliding block and capable of improving working efficiency
The application is application number: 201811080292.9, filing date: 2018.09.17, entitled "method for adjusting and judging coaxial height of optical elements based on guide rail and slide block".
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for adjusting and judging the coaxial equal height of an optical element based on a guide rail and a slide block.
Background
For the imaging optical system, the definition of the image is related to coma aberration, astigmatism, field curvature, distortion and the like in addition to spherical aberration and chromatic aberration, and particularly in the paraxial region, the definition of the image is greatly influenced by the coma aberration and the astigmatism. In order to reduce the influence of coma and astigmatism, the optical elements should be made coaxial and equal in height as much as possible. In optical experiments, the coaxial height of the lens is generally adjusted and judged by adopting a 'twice imaging' method. The adjusting and judging method comprises the following steps: when the distance between the object screen and the image screenl > 4f ' under the condition that,f the focal length of the convex lens is kept, when the positions of the object screen and the image screen are kept unchanged, the lens can be moved to have two different positions, and a large real image and a small real image are respectively presented on the image screen. If the center of the object is on the optical axis of the lens and the optical axis is parallel to the base line of the guide rail, the centers of the two large and small images are coincided when the lens is moved. If the center of the object deviates from the optical axis or the guide rail is not parallel to the optical axis, the centers of the images do not coincide when the lens moves. When two lenses need to be adjusted, the two lenses need to be adjusted one by one, namely, one lens is adjusted, the position of the image center on the screen is memorized, then the other lens is added, the imaging condition is observed again, and the height of the position of the next lens is adjusted until the image center is still kept at the position of the first imaging. The adjusting and judging method has the disadvantages of complicated process, incapability of ensuring the object screen and the image screen to be vertical to the optical axis and large error. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve a desired adjustment of the coaxial height of the optical element.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for adjusting and judging the coaxial height of an optical element based on a guide rail and a slide block, which can effectively reduce the difficulty of adjusting and judging the coaxial height of the optical element and improve the working efficiency.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a method for adjusting and judging the coaxial height of an optical element based on a guide rail and a slide block is characterized in that: comprises the following steps: (1) adjusting the coaxial heights of the 2 small holes to be equal; (2) adjusting the laser to level the laser beam; (3) adjusting the coaxial equal height of the lens and the laser beam; (4) and adjusting the coaxial heights of the object screen, the light screen and the laser beam to be equal.
The specific method for adjusting the coaxial heights of the 2 small holes in the step (1) is as follows:
the laser and the sliding block of the first small hole are close to and fastened on the guide rail, the first small hole or the support rod of the laser is roughly adjusted to a proper height, and the center of the laser beam passes through the first small hole; taking the adjusted first small hole and the sliding block off the guide rail, and placing aside for later use; and placing the second small hole and the sliding block together at the same position of the first small hole sliding block and fastening, adjusting the second small hole to enable the center of the laser beam to penetrate through the small hole, taking the adjusted second small hole and the sliding block together from the guide rail, and placing aside for later use.
The specific method for adjusting the laser to enable the laser beam to be horizontal in the step (2) is as follows: putting the adjusted first small hole and the adjusted second small hole together with a sliding block on the guide rail, enabling the two small holes to be separated by a certain distance, and fixing the sliding block tightly supporting the small holes; observe whether the laser beam passes through two small holes, if not, by: adjusting two screws on a three-point clamping mirror bracket of the laser to realize the inclination and pitching adjustment of the laser beam; adjusting the precise adjusting rod frame to realize the translation of the laser beam in the vertical direction; adjusting the translation stage to realize the horizontal translation of the laser beam; until the centers of the laser beams pass through the two small holes; after the laser beam horizontal adjustment is completed, the laser can not be adjusted again;
the specific method for adjusting the coaxial equal height of the lens and the laser beam in the step (3) is as follows: the lens is arranged on the adjusting frame and is placed between the two well-adjusted small holes together with the sliding block and is fastened on the guide rail, and the rod frame is precisely adjusted by adjusting and supporting the lens so as to realize the translation of the lens in the vertical direction; adjusting the translation stage to realize the translation of the lens in the horizontal direction; passing the laser beam transmission spot through the second aperture; observing the center of the reflected spot after the laser beam passes through the lens surface, if it cannot return to the first aperture, it is necessary to continue: three points of the adjusting lens clamp two screws on the lens frame, and the first one realizes the inclination and pitching adjustment of the lens; adjusting the precise adjusting rod frame to realize the translation of the lens beam in the vertical direction; adjusting the translation stage to realize the translation of the lens beam in the horizontal direction; until the laser beam passes through the center of the transmission light spot of the lens, passes through the second small hole and the center of the reflection light spot falls on the first small hole; and taking the adjusted lens together with the sliding block off the guide rail, and placing aside for standby.
The specific method for adjusting the coaxial heights of the object screen, the light screen and the laser beam in the step (4) is as follows: placing an imaged target object screen or an imaged light screen together with a sliding block between the two small holes and fastening the object screen or the imaged light screen on the guide rail, and adjusting the height of the object screen or the imaged light screen to enable laser beam spots to fall into the middle of the object screen or the imaged light screen; attaching a reflector to the object screen or the light screen, rotating the object screen to enable laser beam spots to return through the reflector and pass through the small holes, taking off the reflector and enabling the laser beam spots to be still in the middle of the object screen or the light screen, and then completing adjustment of the object screen or the light screen; and the object screen or the light screen and the sliding block are taken up and put aside for standby.
The invention has low cost, high precision and convenient realization, can simultaneously meet the requirements of independently adjusting the coaxial height of optical lenses such as a convex lens, a concave lens, a cemented mirror and the like, can also realize the adjustment and judgment of the coaxial height of other plane optical elements such as an object screen, an image screen and the like, and is very suitable for optical experiments and engineering technology.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the experiment for adjusting the laser beam level according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of coaxial equal height adjustment of lens
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of coaxial height adjustment of an object screen or a light screen.
Detailed Description
The optical system is built on the guide rail, the optical elements are connected with the sliding block through the optical adjusting frame, the sliding block can be fixed or moved on the guide rail and can also be taken away from the guide rail, and the interval of the optical elements is larger than the width of the sliding block. The optical adjusting frame refers to various rod frames, supporting rods, mirror frames, translation tables, clamping devices and the like, and mainly solves the clamping and adjusting of optical elements. The specific adjustment steps are as follows:
(1) 2 small holes are adjusted to be coaxial and equal in height. A slide block 6 for supporting the laser 1 and the small hole 14 is close to and fastened on a guide rail 7, the small hole 14 or the support rod 3 of the laser is roughly adjusted to a proper height, and the center of the laser beam passes through the small hole 14; taking the adjusted small hole 14 and the slide block off the guide rail, and lightly placing aside for later use; and placing the small hole 15 and the sliding block together at the same position of the small hole 14 and fastening, adjusting the small hole 15 to enable the center of the laser beam to penetrate through the small hole, taking the adjusted small hole 15 and the sliding block together from the guide rail, and lightly placing aside for standby. The diameter of the small hole is preferably 1-2 mm.
(2) The laser is adjusted to level the laser beam. The adjusted small holes 14 and 15 are put on the guide rail together with the sliding block lightly to ensure that the two small holes are spaced at a proper distance, generally reaching about 80 percent of the length of the guide rail, and the sliding block for supporting the small holes is fixed and tightly supported. And observing whether the laser beam passes through two small holes or not, and if the laser beam does not pass through the two small holes, clamping two 2 screws (realizing laser beam inclination and pitching adjustment) on the lens bracket 2 by adjusting three points of the laser, precisely adjusting the rod bracket 4 (realizing translation in the vertical direction of the laser beam) and the translation table 5 (realizing translation in the horizontal direction of the laser beam) until the centers of the laser beams pass through the two small holes. After the laser beam leveling is complete, the laser cannot be readjusted.
(3) The adjusting lens and the laser beam are coaxial and have the same height. The lens 8 is arranged on the adjusting frame and is placed between the two well-adjusted small holes together with the sliding block and is fastened on the guide rail, and the laser beam transmission light spot passes through the small hole 15 by adjusting the supporting lens precision adjusting rod frame 10 (realizing the translation of the lens in the vertical direction) and the translation table 11 (realizing the translation of the lens in the horizontal direction); observing the center of the reflected light spot after the laser beam passes through the surface of the lens, if the laser beam cannot return to the small hole 14, two 2 screws (for realizing lens inclination and pitching adjustment), a precise adjusting rod frame (for realizing translation in the vertical direction of the lens beam) and a translation table (for realizing translation in the horizontal direction of the lens beam) on the three-point clamping frame 9 of the lens need to be continuously adjusted until the laser beam passes through the small hole 15 through the center of the transmitted light spot of the lens and the center of the reflected light spot falls on the small hole 14. The adjusted lens together with the slider is removed from the guide rail and is gently placed aside for use. The concave and convex lens adjustment methods are the same.
(4) Adjusting the object screen and the light screen to be coaxial and equal in height with the laser beam refers to. Placing an object screen 12 (an imaged target object) or a light screen together with a sliding block between the two small holes and fastening the object screen or the light screen on the guide rail, and adjusting the height of the object screen or the light screen to enable laser beam spots to fall in the middle of the object screen or the light screen; and lightly sticking the reflector 13 on the object screen or the light screen, rotating the object screen to enable the laser beam facula to return through the reflector and pass through the small hole, taking off the reflector and enabling the laser beam facula to be still in the middle of the object screen or the light screen, completing the adjustment of the object screen or the light screen, and taking up the object screen or the light screen together with the sliding block and lightly placing the object screen or the light screen aside for later use. The coaxial equal height of the prism, the reflector and other plane optical elements can refer to the adjusting and judging method of the object screen and the light screen; because the prism and the surface of the reflector can directly reflect light, no additional reflector is needed during adjustment.

Claims (3)

1. A method for adjusting and judging the coaxial height of an optical element based on a guide rail and a slide block and capable of improving the working efficiency is characterized in that: comprises the following steps: (1) adjusting the coaxial heights of the 2 small holes to be equal; (2) adjusting the laser to level the laser beam; (3) adjusting the coaxial equal height of the lens and the laser beam; (4) adjusting the coaxial height of the object screen and the laser beam;
the specific method for adjusting the coaxial equal height of the lens and the laser beam in the step (3) is as follows: the lens is arranged on the adjusting frame and is placed between the two well-adjusted small holes together with the sliding block and is fastened on the guide rail, and the rod frame is precisely adjusted by adjusting and supporting the lens so as to realize the translation of the lens in the vertical direction; adjusting the translation stage to realize the translation of the lens in the horizontal direction; passing the laser beam transmission spot through the second aperture; observing the center of the reflected spot after the laser beam passes through the lens surface, if it cannot return to the first aperture, it is necessary to continue: adjusting three points of the lens to clamp two screws on the lens frame so as to realize the inclination and pitching adjustment of the lens; adjusting the precise adjusting rod frame to realize the translation of the lens beam in the vertical direction; adjusting the translation stage to realize the translation of the lens beam in the horizontal direction; until the laser beam passes through the center of the transmission light spot of the lens, passes through the second small hole and the center of the reflection light spot falls on the first small hole; taking the adjusted lens together with the sliding block off the guide rail, and placing aside for later use;
the specific method for adjusting the coaxial equal height of the object screen and the laser beam in the step (4) comprises the following steps: placing an imaged target object screen together with a sliding block between the two small holes and fastening the object screen on the guide rail, and adjusting the height of the object screen to enable laser beam spots to fall in the middle of the object screen; attaching a reflector to the object screen, rotating the object screen to enable laser beam spots to return through the reflector and pass through the small holes, taking off the reflector and enabling the laser beam spots to be still in the middle of the object screen, and then completing adjustment of the object screen; the object screen and the sliding block are taken up and put aside for standby;
the specific method for adjusting the coaxial heights of the 2 small holes in the step (1) is as follows: the laser and the sliding block of the first small hole are close to and fastened on the guide rail, the first small hole or the support rod of the laser is roughly adjusted to a proper height, and the center of the laser beam passes through the first small hole; taking the adjusted first small hole and the sliding block off the guide rail, and placing aside for later use; placing the second small hole and the sliding block together at the same position of the first small hole sliding block and fastening, adjusting the second small hole to enable the center of the laser beam to pass through the second small hole, taking the adjusted second small hole and the sliding block together from the guide rail, and placing aside for later use;
the specific method for adjusting the laser to enable the laser beam to be horizontal in the step (2) is as follows: putting the adjusted first small hole and the adjusted second small hole together with a sliding block on the guide rail, enabling the two small holes to be separated by a certain distance, and fixing the sliding block tightly supporting the small holes; observe whether the laser beam passes through two small holes, if not, by: adjusting two screws on a three-point clamping mirror bracket of the laser to realize the inclination and pitching adjustment of the laser beam; adjusting the precise adjusting rod frame to realize the translation of the laser beam in the vertical direction; adjusting the translation stage to realize the horizontal translation of the laser beam; until the centers of the laser beams pass through the two small holes; after the laser beam leveling is complete, the laser cannot be readjusted.
2. The method for adjusting and judging the coaxial height of an optical element based on a guide rail and a slide block according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the diameter of the small hole in the step (1) is 1-2 mm.
3. The method for adjusting and judging the coaxial height of an optical element based on a guide rail and a slide block according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the spacing distance between the two small holes is 80% of the length of the guide rail.
CN202010907241.XA 2018-09-17 2018-09-17 Method for adjusting and judging coaxial equal height of optical element based on guide rail and sliding block and capable of improving working efficiency Active CN111965778B (en)

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CN110246403B (en) * 2019-07-24 2021-06-18 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳) Demonstration device and method for astigmatism and astigmatism elimination of electron microscope
CN110749746A (en) * 2019-07-26 2020-02-04 西安航天三沃机电设备有限责任公司 Flying piece speed measuring platform for impact piece detonator
CN111337430A (en) * 2020-03-13 2020-06-26 华太极光光电技术有限公司 Transmission type terahertz probe adjusting device and positioning method
CN111458864B (en) * 2020-04-27 2023-09-29 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 Light collecting lens with calibratable optical axis and optical axis calibration method
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