CN207946586U - A kind of micro imaging system - Google Patents
A kind of micro imaging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN207946586U CN207946586U CN201820078040.1U CN201820078040U CN207946586U CN 207946586 U CN207946586 U CN 207946586U CN 201820078040 U CN201820078040 U CN 201820078040U CN 207946586 U CN207946586 U CN 207946586U
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Abstract
The utility model is related to a kind of micro imaging systems, including：Light source unit；Imaging unit, including object lens and beam splitter；Focusing unit, including focus lens and focusing camera；The focusing unit further includes diaphragm, and the diaphragm is set there are two light hole.The micro imaging system of the utility model is simple in structure, and focusing is convenient and efficient, and focusing precision is high.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to micro-imaging technique field more particularly to a kind of micro imaging systems.
Background technology
During micro-imaging of the use microscope to pathology section examination, need to keep object lens can be to sample constantly
Carry out blur-free imaging.Therefore, the focusing in micro imaging system is particularly important.In existing micro- focusing technology, automatically
Focusing technology is broadly divided into following several：One is the passive focusing methods based on gradation of image Analysis of Contrast method.The method
Be by change camera between object at a distance from obtain multiple image, analysis characteristics of image realize.This method needs make
The displacement distance of camera lens is long and continuous acquisition multiple image calculates corresponding position clarity to constitute a curve, according to this
Curve maximum judges focal position.Passive focusing method calculation amount is larger, needs the multiple displacement of camera lens, it is difficult to which it is right in real time to meet
The requirement of fast accurate during coke.Another kind is the active focusing method based on telemetry.Active focusing method passes through addition
Additional signal sending and receiving apparatus realizes focusing, common are infrared distance measurement, ultrasonic ranging and triangle telemetry etc..Work as quilt
When survey target has stronger absorption to infrared light or ultrasonic wave, active focusing method is easy failure or focusing is inaccurate.It is special
It is not for micro- focusing, high magnification object lens use so that depth of focus is greatly reduced (micron order), and infrared distance measurement, ultrasound are surveyed
Away from and the precision of range of triangle be all difficult to meet the requirement.
Invention content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of simple in structure, focusing micro imaging systems with high accuracy.
To achieve the above object, the utility model provides a kind of micro imaging system, including：
Light source unit；
Imaging unit, including object lens and beam splitter；
Focusing unit, including focus lens and focusing camera；
The focusing unit further includes diaphragm, and the diaphragm is set there are two light hole.
One side according to the present utility model, the diaphragm is between the focus lens and focusing camera.
One side according to the present utility model, the diaphragm are located on the pupil plane of the focus lens.
One side according to the present utility model, light path is divided into transmitted light path and reflected light path by beam splitter, described two
The optical axis alternate setting in parallel to each other of the central shaft of light hole and the reflected light path.
One side according to the present utility model, the optical axis mirror symmetry of the relatively described reflected light path of described two light holes
Setting.
One side according to the present utility model, the focal length of the distance between described two light holes and the focus lens
The ratio between be equal to the object lens numerical aperture.
The aperture of one side according to the present utility model, described two light holes is less than the focus lens focal beam spot
Diameter.
The aperture of one side according to the present utility model, described two light holes is identical.
One side according to the present utility model, the focus lens at least two, the diaphragm are arranged adjacent
Between two focus lens.
One side according to the present utility model, the micro imaging system further include：
Driving unit is connect with the imaging unit；
Central control unit is connect with the driving unit, imaging unit, focusing unit.
Micro imaging system according to the present utility model, by the way that the diaphragm having there are two thang-kng is arranged in focusing unit,
And the central axis of light hole and focusing optical axis alternate setting in parallel to each other, then by adjusting the position of diaphragm, by right
Burnt camera takes the phase information of the different location of image planes, and pixel deviations value and defocus are sought further according to the difference of phase information
Amount, ensure that micro imaging system can focus in real time, and mechanism is simple, and focusing is convenient and efficient.
In addition, be separated by a certain distance there are two being set on diaphragm, the identical light hole in aperture, and two light holes meet：Two
The ratio of the distance between light hole and the focal length of focus lens is equal to the numerical aperture of object lens, the aperture of two light holes is less than pair
The conditions such as the diameter of zoom lens focal beam spot, for existing focusing technology, using the bilateral unthreaded hole of the utility model
Diaphragm, can make focusing camera shoot out-of-focus image left more high-frequency information, be conducive to the place for out-of-focus image
Reason, ensure that the accuracy of defocusing amount and pixel deviations value linear corresponding relation, to ensure the accuracy subsequently focused.
The structure of micro imaging system according to the present utility model, focusing unit is simple, is convenient to mount and dismount.And by focusing unit
It is installed on the light splitting path of beam splitter in imaging unit, it is easy to operate, it is small to the change of micro imaging system, to ensure that
The Iimaging Stability of micro imaging system and the structural stability of micro imaging system.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the composition figure for schematically showing micro imaging system according to the present utility model；
Fig. 2 is the focusing method flow chart for schematically showing micro imaging system according to the present utility model；
Fig. 3 is to schematically show that the micro imaging system using the utility model observes the out-of-focus image auto-correlation of sample
Processing figure；
Fig. 4 is to schematically show that the micro imaging system using the utility model observes the out-of-focus image light intensity point of sample
Butut；
Fig. 5 schematically shows the coordinate diagram of the defocusing curve of micro imaging system according to the present utility model.
Specific implementation mode
It, below will be to implementing in order to illustrate more clearly of the utility model embodiment or technical solution in the prior art
Attached drawing needed in mode is briefly described.It should be evident that the accompanying drawings in the following description is only that this practicality is new
Some embodiments of type for those of ordinary skills without creative efforts, can be with
Obtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings.
When the embodiment for the utility model is described, term " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "upper", "lower",
"front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom" "inner", the orientation or positional relationship expressed by "outside" are
Based on orientation or positional relationship shown in relevant drawings, it is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, without
It is instruction or implies that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore on
Term is stated to should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
The utility model is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, embodiment cannot herein one
One repeats, but therefore the embodiment of the utility model is not defined in following implementation.
Fig. 1 is the composition figure for schematically showing micro imaging system according to the present utility model.As shown in Figure 1, in this reality
It applies in mode, micro imaging system according to the present utility model includes light source unit 1, imaging unit 2 and focusing unit 3.At this
In embodiment, light source unit 1 includes light source 101 and condenser 102, optical axis and the 101 optical axis phase mutual respect of light source of condenser 102
It closes, condenser 102 is arranged in the top of light source 101, and imaging unit 2 is arranged in the top of condenser 102.Imaging unit 2 includes
Object lens 201, beam splitter 202, polymerization mirror 203 and image camera 204, along the direction that 101 optical axis of light source extends, object lens 201 divide
Beam mirror 202, polymerization mirror 203 and image camera 204 are arranged with 1 light shaft coaxle of light source unit successively, and objective table 6 is arranged in light source
Between unit 1 and imaging unit 2.
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, after opening the light source 101 in light source unit 1, light passes through condenser 102
The sample that act as on objective table 6 light source is provided, light passes through object lens 201, beam splitter 202 successively, makees by polymerizeing mirror 203
With rear arrival image camera 204, image camera 204 obtains sample observed image.In addition, light will produce at beam splitter 202
It is vertically divided path with 1 optical axis of light source unit, the focusing unit 3 of the utility model is arranged in the light splitting path of beam splitter 202
On.
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, focusing unit 3 includes being set gradually along the light splitting path of beam splitter 202
Focus lens 301, diaphragm 4 and focusing camera 302, the wherein optical axis of focus lens 301 and focusing camera 302 and beam splitter 202
The optical axis in light splitting path overlap.
According to the utility model focusing unit 3, diaphragm 4 is set there are two light hole 5, and diaphragm 4 is arranged in focus lens 301
On pupil plane, i.e., diaphragm 4 is arranged at the rear cut-off distance of focus lens 301.Focusing unit 3 is used to be in defocus shape in observing samples
When state, the out-of-focus image of sample is shot.It is controlled in addition, the micro imaging system of the utility model further includes driving unit and center
Unit (is not shown) in figure.Driving unit can be Z axis linear motor or high precision ball leading screw etc., driving unit with carry
Object platform 6 connects, and can adjust the distance between objective table 6 and object lens 201, may be implemented to focus during observing samples.In
Centre control unit is connect with imaging unit 2, focusing unit 3 and driving device, is analyzed and is controlled for the image to acquisition
Driving device.
In another embodiment according to the present utility model, at least two focusing mirrors can be set in focusing unit 3
First 301, diaphragm 4 is arranged between two focus lens 301 of arbitrary neighborhood at this time, and is arranged positioned at close to beam splitter 202
Focus lens 301 pupil plane on, i.e., multiple focus lens 301,4 He of diaphragm can be set between diaphragm 4 and beam splitter 202
Multiple focus lens 301 can also be set between focusing camera 302, specifically can according to practical operation for focus light path requirement
It is configured.As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, to shorten the focusing light path (light splitting of beam splitter 202 of focusing camera 302
Path), a focus lens 301 are respectively arranged in the both sides of diaphragm 4, diaphragm 4 is located at pair being arranged close to beam splitter 202 at this time
On the pupil plane of zoom lens 301.It should be pointed out that no matter arranging how many a focus lens 301, this reality in focusing unit 3
With the diaphragm 4 of novel use and and the arrangement of diaphragm 4 be identical.
As shown in Figure 1, the central shaft of two light holes 5 of the diaphragm 4 of the utility model and focusing light path are in parallel to each other
Alternate setting, the i.e. central shaft of two light holes 5 are mutually parallel with focusing optical axis, and two light holes 5 are located at focusing optical axis both sides,
The center of two light holes 5 all has a certain distance to focusing optical axis.In the present embodiment, two light holes 5 are round hole, when
So, it can also be rectangular opening, square hole etc..The pore size of two light holes 5 is identical, two light holes, 5 opposite focusing optical axis mirror image
It is symmetrical arranged, in other words, the focusing optical axis generated from beam splitter 202 passes through the midpoint of two light holes, 5 line of centres.This practicality
Two novel light holes 5 also meet relationship：The distance between two light holes 5 and the ratio of the focal length of focus lens 301 are equal to
The numerical aperture of object lens 201, meanwhile, the aperture of two light holes 5 is less than the diameter of 301 focal beam spot of focus lens, i.e. two thang-kngs
The size in hole 5 should be less than the focal beam spot of focus lens.Under these conditions, can ensure to take by focusing camera 302
Out-of-focus image there are more high-frequency informations, convenient for subsequently for the processing of out-of-focus image so that handling result more can be essence
Really, to ensure the high precision of focusing.
It is public according to the position relationship of each section, connection relation and this field in the micro imaging system of above-mentioned the utility model
After the connection type known sets micro imaging system, referring to the drawings to the micro imaging system using the utility model
Real-time focusing method is described in detail.
Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram for schematically showing micro imaging system using the present invention and focusing in real time.Such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show, real-time focusing method according to the present invention includes the following steps：S1. by focusing camera 302 to the sample on objective table 6 into
Row shooting, obtains defocus relation curve；S2. the defocus relation curve based on acquisition obtains pixel in real time by focusing camera 302
Deviation controls the focal position that the objective table 6 is located at the object lens 201.
Specifically, after the micro imaging system for setting the present invention, sample to be observed is placed on objective table 6,
Sample central axis and the optical axis of light source unit 1 is set to overlap.The light source 101 in light source unit 1 is opened, is controlled by center
Unit determines that the focal position of object lens 201, control driving unit adjust objective table using traditional clarity (MTF) focus algorithm
6 with object lens 201 in the vertical direction at a distance from, so that sample is located at the focal position of object lens 201, then adjust diaphragm 4 position,
Diaphragm 4 is set to be rotated around focusing optical axis, until the imaging of focusing camera 302 is most clear.
Then by central control unit control driving unit by objective table 6 drive sample vertically upwards or to
Lower mobile a certain distance so that sample is in out-of-focus appearance, and displacement distance can be selected according to actual conditions, in this implementation
In mode, in order to shorten light path, displacement distance scope is 1 μm -30 μm.Then piece image is shot by focusing camera 302, this
When image be out-of-focus image, out-of-focus image is transmitted to central control unit, by central control unit to out-of-focus image carry out
Auto-correlation processing, specifically, in the present embodiment, out-of-focus image can be indicated by following formula：
Z [x]=s [x]+s [x-x0]
Wherein, z [x] indicates that out-of-focus image, s [x] indicate a part for out-of-focus image, the i.e. sample image or sample of sample
In burnt image, s [x-x0] indicate another part of out-of-focus image, i.e. the sample migrated image of sample, x0Indicate offset；
It can be obtained by above-mentioned formula, out-of-focus image also meets the convolution relation between two functions, is represented by：
Z [x]=s [x] * h [x]
Wherein, z [x] indicates out-of-focus image, s [x] indicate sample sample image or sample in burnt image, h [x] is indicated
Transmission function；
By above-mentioned relation formula it is found that restoring offset x0Auto-correlation processing can be carried out to out-of-focus image and obtain defocus
Autocorrelogram picture, therefore the relational expression of the auto-correlation processing of out-of-focus image is expressed as：
R [z [x]]=R [s [x]] * R [h [x]]=R [s [x]] * (2 δ [x]+δ [x-x0]+δ[x+x0])
Wherein, R [z [x]] indicates that out-of-focus image auto-correlation processing, R [s [x]] indicate the sample image or sample of sample
In burnt image auto-correlation processing, R [h [x]] indicates that transmission function auto-correlation processing, δ [x] indicate Dirac function, δ [x-x0] table
Show to right translation x0Dirac function, δ [x+x0] indicate to left x0Dirac function.
Fig. 3 is the defocus auto-correlation processing figure for schematically showing micro imaging system observing samples using the present invention.Fig. 4
It is the defocus surface of intensity distribution for schematically showing micro imaging system observing samples using the present invention.As shown in figure 3, in this reality
It applies in mode, the defocus autocorrelogram picture with sample image and sample migrated image of acquisition is that there are three the figures of bright spot for tool
Picture, two, side bright spot are the positions occurred after defocus, i.e., sample migrated image, intermediate bright spot are original positions, i.e.,
Sample image.The distance between sample migrated image and sample image are the pixel deviations value under current defocusing amount, i.e. side two
A bright spot position is the pixel deviations value under current defocusing amount at a distance from intermediate bright spot position.Different pixel deviations values pair
Different defocusing amounts are answered, and in a linear relationship between pixel deviations value and defocusing amount.After tool is obtained there are three the image of bright spot,
According to the angle of the center line Yu focusing camera 302 of three bright spots at this time, the position of two light holes 5 of diaphragm 4 is corrected,
Correspondingly rotate on optical axis diaphragm 4 so that the center line of three bright spots is parallel with the image planes of focusing camera 302 so that three bright
The center line of point and the top edges Fig. 3 or lower edges parallel.
Then corresponding pixel deviations value under current defocusing amount is calculated.As shown in figure 4, corresponding diagram at light distribution maximum value
Intermediate bright spot in 3, at two maximum of light distribution at the step of two arrows meaning, two, side in corresponding diagram 3 respectively
Bright spot, at light distribution maximum value at two maximum at a distance from be corresponding pixel deviations value, it is inclined to calculate pixel at this time
After difference, central control unit will record defocusing amount and corresponding pixel deviations value at this time.
Then it repeats the above steps, the drive sample of objective table 6 is continued to move to a direction at the same distance, is passed through
Focusing camera 302 shoots out-of-focus image again, and multigroup corresponding defocusing amount and pixel deviations value are obtained after auto-correlation processing.
Fig. 5 schematically shows the coordinate diagram of the defocusing curve of micro imaging system according to the present invention.As shown in figure 5,
To after several groups of corresponding defocusing amounts and pixel deviations value, defocusing amount and pixel deviations value are subjected to linear fit, obtain defocus
The linear math expression formula of amount and pixel deviations value：Y=kx+b, wherein y is defocusing amount, and x is pixel value difference (i.e. light distribution
At maximum value at two maximum at a distance from or the distance between sample image and a sample migrated image).Measuring picture
The value of k and b are solved after plain deviation using aforementioned defocus relation curve.Then according to according to above-mentioned formula, pixel is obtained
The value of difference x, you can obtain the value of corresponding defocusing amount.The one-to-one correspondence for realizing pixel deviations value and defocusing amount, i.e. it is every in Fig. 5
The coordinate value of one pixel-shift amount has unique defocusing amount coordinate value corresponding.
Hereafter, you can focused according to the linear relationship of obtained defocusing amount and pixel deviations value.Specifically, right
Jiao Shi adjusts the position of diaphragm 4, and focusing camera 302 shoots out-of-focus image, after auto-correlation processing, obtains pixel deviations value at this time,
Then the correspondence according to pixel deviations value and defocusing amount, obtains defocusing amount at this time, finally by central processing unit controls
Driving unit works, and then controls objective table 6 and sample is driven quickly to be moved to respective coordinates, completes focusing, to ensure at
As camera 204 can obtain always clearly sample observed image.
Micro imaging system according to the present utility model, by the way that tool is arranged in focusing unit 3, there are two the diaphragms of thang-kng 5
4, and the central axis of light hole 5 and focusing optical axis alternate setting in parallel to each other, then by adjusting the position of diaphragm 4,
The phase information that the different location of image planes is taken by focusing camera 302 seeks pixel deviations further according to the difference of phase information
Value and defocusing amount, ensure that micro imaging system can focus in real time, and it is convenient and efficient to focus.
In addition, set on diaphragm 4 there are two the light hole 5 that is separated by a certain distance, and light hole 5 and micro imaging system its
Its component meets certain restrictive condition, for existing focusing technology, using the light of the bilateral unthreaded hole 5 of the utility model
Door screen 4 can make the out-of-focus image that focusing camera 302 is shot leave more high-frequency information, be conducive to the place for out-of-focus image
Reason, ensure that the accuracy of defocusing amount and pixel deviations value linear corresponding relation, to ensure the accuracy subsequently focused.
The structure of micro imaging system according to the present utility model, focusing unit 3 is simple, is convenient to mount and dismount.By above-mentioned right
Focusing unit 3 is installed on the light splitting path of beam splitter 202 in imaging unit 2 by the set-up mode of burnt unit 3, easy to operate,
It is to the change of micro imaging system small, to ensure that the Iimaging Stability and micro imaging system of micro imaging system
Structural stability.
The above is only enumerating for the concrete scheme of the utility model, for the equipment and knot of wherein not detailed description
Structure, it should be understood that the existing common apparatus in this field and universal method is taken to be practiced.
The foregoing is merely a schemes of the utility model, are not intended to limit the utility model, for ability
For the technical staff in domain, various modifications and changes may be made to the present invention.It is all the spirit and principles of the utility model it
Interior, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of micro imaging system, including：
Light source unit (1)；
Imaging unit (2), including object lens (201) and beam splitter (202)；
Focusing unit (3), including focus lens (301) and focusing camera (302)；It is characterized in that,
The focusing unit (3) further includes diaphragm (4), and the diaphragm (4) sets there are two light hole (5), described two light holes
The distance between (5) it is equal to the numerical aperture of the object lens (201) with the ratio between the focal length of the focus lens (301)；
The aperture of described two light holes (5) is less than the diameter of the focus lens (301) focal beam spot.
2. micro imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the diaphragm (4) is located at the focus lens
(301) between focusing camera (302).
3. micro imaging system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the diaphragm (4) is located at the focus lens
(301) on pupil plane.
4. micro imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that light path is divided by the beam splitter (202)
Light path and reflected light path are penetrated, the central shaft of described two light holes (5) is alternate in parallel to each other with the optical axis of the reflected light path
Setting.
5. micro imaging system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described two light holes (5) are relatively described anti-
Penetrate the optical axis mirror symmetry setting of light path.
6. micro imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the aperture of described two light holes (5) is identical.
7. micro imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the focus lens (301) at least two,
The diaphragm (4) is arranged between two adjacent focus lens (301).
8. micro imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the micro imaging system further includes：
Driving unit is connect with the imaging unit (2)；
Central control unit is connect with the driving unit, imaging unit (2), focusing unit (3).
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| CN201820078040.1U CN207946586U (en) | 2018-01-17 | 2018-01-17 | A kind of micro imaging system |
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| CN201820078040.1U CN207946586U (en) | 2018-01-17 | 2018-01-17 | A kind of micro imaging system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110716301A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2020-01-21 | 浙江大学 | Automatic focusing device and method for microscopic vision system |
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2018
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110716301A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2020-01-21 | 浙江大学 | Automatic focusing device and method for microscopic vision system |
| CN110716301B (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2023-07-25 | 浙江大学 | Automatic focusing device and method for microscopic vision system |
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