CN111965718B - Electromagnetic data acquisition method and device based on four-direction excitation - Google Patents
Electromagnetic data acquisition method and device based on four-direction excitation Download PDFInfo
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- CN111965718B CN111965718B CN201910418055.7A CN201910418055A CN111965718B CN 111965718 B CN111965718 B CN 111965718B CN 201910418055 A CN201910418055 A CN 201910418055A CN 111965718 B CN111965718 B CN 111965718B
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/18—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging
- G01V3/26—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified either by the surrounding earth formation or by the detecting device
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/18—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging
- G01V3/26—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified either by the surrounding earth formation or by the detecting device
- G01V3/28—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified either by the surrounding earth formation or by the detecting device using induction coils
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Abstract
The application provides an electromagnetic data acquisition method and device based on four-dimensional excitation, wherein the device comprises the following steps: a plurality of electromagnetic data collectors and the same first long-length wire source, second long-length wire source, third long-length wire source and fourth long-length wire source of size, wherein: the first long lead source and the third long lead source are positioned on a first straight line, and the second long lead source and the fourth long lead source are positioned on a second straight line; the first straight line is perpendicular to the second straight line; the distance between the near-well-head grounding end of the first long-length wire source, the near-well-head grounding end of the second long-length wire source, the near-well-head grounding end of the third long-length wire source and the well head is equal; the first long conductor source is disposed in a direction perpendicular to the strike of the target reservoir. The application can provide an electromagnetic data acquisition method for effectively obtaining the electric and magnetic anisotropic characteristics around a shaft and at the bottom of the shaft, so as to realize the effective detection of the ore bodies around the drilling hole and at the bottom.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of geophysical exploration, in particular to the technical field of controllable source electromagnetic exploration by adopting ground four-direction combined excitation around a shaft, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic data acquisition method and device based on four-direction excitation.
Background
The transient electromagnetic method in the well bore is to place the transmitting loop on the surface above or near the well bore, and the downhole probe is used for point-by-point measurement in the borehole, also called the earth well transient electromagnetic method. The surface emission source of the method is a coil, which can also be called as a vertical magnetic couple source, and the three-component magnetic field signal variation with time is received in the shaft. Because the probe is close to the conductive ore body, and the magnetic sensor is subjected to conductive coating, ground industry, humane and other interference with external electromagnetic interference in the shaft, signals with higher signal-to-noise ratio than the ground electromagnetic method can be obtained, and particularly, high-quality data can be acquired in old mining areas with complex conditions. Therefore, the ground well transient method utilizes available drilling holes in deep mining, can search blind ores beside a well and at the bottom of the well, judge the spatial distribution of the found ore bodies, and obtain useful geological information in the range of hundreds of meters around the drilling holes, thus obtaining a plurality of very successful deep mining results. However, when detecting deep mineral resources with a burial depth of more than 2000 meters, the need for detecting deep mineral bodies cannot be met by only transmitting a loop and receiving magnetic signals in a shaft. Because the received signal is continuously attenuated with increasing depth, the receiving sensor cannot detect blind ores at the bottom of the well or beside the well. In order to detect deep mineral resources beside and downhole in a borehole, it is necessary to achieve an enhancement of the excitation signal by increasing the power of the transmitter and increasing the size of the transmitting coil. Because of the complexity of transient electromagnetic, increasing the power of the transmitter and increasing the size of the transmitting coil necessarily results in an increase in the turn-off time of the transmitter system, and the primary field and the abnormal field generated by the ore body are aliased together, so that the bottom and side ore bodies in the borehole cannot be effectively detected.
Currently, technologies for detecting longitudinal and transverse electrical properties and polarization characteristics, i.e. detecting anisotropic characteristics of electrical properties and polarization properties, for sides of a borehole depth exceeding 2000 meters or for the bottom of a borehole are lacking in an efficient and accurate method.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the application can provide an electromagnetic data acquisition method for effectively obtaining the anisotropic characteristics of the electricity and magnetism around the shaft and at the bottom of the shaft, so as to realize the effective detection of the ore bodies around the drilling hole and at the bottom. In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present application provides an electromagnetic data acquisition device based on four-dimensional excitation, comprising:
a plurality of electromagnetic data collectors and the same first long-length wire source, second long-length wire source, third long-length wire source and fourth long-length wire source of size, wherein:
the first long lead source and the third long lead source are positioned on a first straight line, and the second long lead source and the fourth long lead source are positioned on a second straight line; the first straight line is perpendicular to the second straight line;
the distance between the near-well-head grounding end of the first long-length wire source, the near-well-head grounding end of the second long-length wire source, the near-well-head grounding end of the third long-length wire source and the well head is equal;
the setting direction of the first long lead source is perpendicular to the trend of the target reservoir;
the electromagnetic data collectors are axially arranged in the shaft.
In one embodiment, the near well head ground end and the far well head ground end of the long wire source are both aluminum plates.
In one embodiment, the depth of burial of the aluminum plate is 30-40cm.
In one embodiment, the electromagnetic data collector is a non-polarized collector.
In one embodiment, the number of electromagnetic data collectors in the depth range of the target reservoir is not less than 3.
In one embodiment, the distance between the near-wellhead ground and the wellhead is 500-1500 meters; the distance between the grounding end of the far wellhead and the wellhead is 1600-5500 meters.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an electromagnetic data acquisition method based on four-dimensional excitation, the method comprising:
exciting the first long-length wire source, the second long-length wire source, the third long-length wire source and the fourth long-length wire source in sequence according to the frequency domain excitation waveform and the time domain excitation waveform respectively;
the electromagnetic data collector is used for collecting the vertical component Ez, the magnetic field component Hx, the magnetic field component Hy and the magnetic field component Hz of the electric field.
In one embodiment, the electromagnetic data acquisition method further includes:
arranging a first long-conductor source, a second long-conductor source, a third long-conductor source and a fourth long-conductor source which are the same in size around a wellhead, and enabling the first long-conductor source and the third long-conductor source to be positioned on a first straight line, and enabling the second long-conductor source and the fourth long-conductor source to be positioned on a second straight line; the first straight line is perpendicular to the second straight line, the near-wellhead grounding end of the first long-conductor source, the near-wellhead grounding end of the second long-conductor source, the near-wellhead grounding end of the third long-conductor source and the near-wellhead grounding end of the fourth long-conductor source are equal in distance from the wellhead, and the setting direction of the first long-conductor source is perpendicular to the trend of the target reservoir;
a plurality of electromagnetic data collectors are aligned axially along the wellbore within the wellbore.
In one embodiment, the frequency domain excitation waveform is a non-zero-crossing square wave signal with a transmission frequency of 0.01Hz to 1000Hz, wherein the number of times of repeating the square wave with a transmission frequency of more than or equal to 10Hz is greater than the number of times of repeating the square wave with a transmission frequency of less than 10Hz, and the non-zero-crossing square wave signals are distributed at equal intervals in logarithmic space.
In one embodiment, the time domain excitation waveform is a zero-crossing square wave signal with a period of 20 seconds or 40 seconds, and the number of repeated transmissions is greater than 32.
From the above description, the application provides an electromagnetic data acquisition method and device based on four-way excitation, which adopts a long wire source, increases the signal strength, improves the quality of received signals, improves the imaging precision, and is superior to a ground well transient electromagnetic acquisition method using a loop transmission source in detection distance and depth. After the 4-component signal acquisition station of the vertical component Ez of the electric field and the three components Hx, hy and Hz of the magnetic field is adopted, one electric field component is added compared with the traditional ground well transient electromagnetic acquisition method, the resolution of the resistivity profile of the inversion is higher than that of the traditional ground well transient electromagnetic acquisition method in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the precision imaging precision after the electromagnetic 4-component joint inversion is further improved. The electromagnetic data acquisition method provided by the application adopts two waveforms of a time domain and a frequency domain for excitation, and simultaneously obtains electromagnetic responses of the time domain and the frequency domain, and after the joint inversion of the time domain and the frequency electromagnetic responses, the longitudinal and transverse resolution of an inversion result is higher than that of the traditional ground well transient electromagnetic acquisition method. In summary, the application can provide an electromagnetic data acquisition method for effectively obtaining the anisotropic characteristics of the electricity and magnetism around the shaft and at the bottom of the shaft, so as to realize the effective detection of the ore bodies around the drilling hole and at the bottom.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic data acquisition device based on four-way excitation in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an electromagnetic data acquisition method based on four-way excitation in an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an electromagnetic data acquisition method based on four-way excitation in a specific application example of the application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic data acquisition device based on four-dimensional excitation in an embodiment of the present application
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a square waveform with a frequency domain period of T seconds and no zero crossing in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a square waveform with a 40s zero crossing time domain period in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
An embodiment of the present application provides a specific implementation manner of an electromagnetic data acquisition device based on four-way excitation, referring to fig. 1, the device specifically includes the following contents:
a plurality of electromagnetic data collectors (P1, P2, P3 …) and a long wire source 1, a long wire source 2, a long wire source 3 and a long wire source 4 which have the same size.
Preferably, the electrodes in the electromagnetic data collectors (P1, P2 and P3 …) are non-polarized electrodes, and the magnetic rods in the electromagnetic data collectors (P1, P2 and P3 …) are high-temperature and high-pressure induction coil type magnetic rods (temperature resistant 155 ℃ and pressure resistant 100 MPa). The long-wire source is a wire with a transmitter in the middle, and two ends of the wire are provided with grounding ends (near-wellhead grounding ends A1, A2, A3 and A4 and far-wellhead grounding ends B1, B2, B3 and B4).
The first long lead source 1 and the third long lead source 3 are positioned on a first straight line L1, and the second long lead source 2 and the fourth long lead source 4 are positioned on a second straight line L2; the first straight line L1 is perpendicular to the second straight line L2;
it will be appreciated that the 4 long wire sources lie in a line in pairs, with the two lines being perpendicular to each other.
The distance between the near-wellhead grounding end A1 of the first long-length wire source 1, the near-wellhead grounding end A2 of the second long-length wire source 2, the near-wellhead grounding end A3 of the third long-length wire source 3 and the near-wellhead grounding end A4 of the fourth long-length wire source 4 and the wellhead 5 is equal;
the four long wire sources are equidistant from the wellhead 5 near the wellhead ground ends A1, A2, A3 and A4.
The arrangement direction of the first long-conductor source 1 is perpendicular to the trend of the target reservoir 6;
the intersection line of the target reservoir layer 6 and the horizontal plane is a trend line, and the directions pointed by the two ends of the trend line are the trend of the target reservoir layer 6, and it can be understood that when the target reservoir layer 6 is in the horizontal direction, the target reservoir layer 6 does not have the trend, and then the setting direction of the first long-conductor source 1 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the target reservoir layer 6.
A plurality of electromagnetic data collectors (P1, P2, P3 …) are located inside the wellbore 7 and axially aligned along the wellbore 7.
From the above description, the application provides an electromagnetic data acquisition method and device based on four-way excitation, which adopts a long wire source, increases the signal strength, improves the quality of received signals, improves the imaging precision, and is superior to a ground well transient electromagnetic acquisition method using a loop transmission source in detection distance and depth. After the 4-component signal acquisition station of the vertical component Ez of the electric field and the three components Hx, hy and Hz of the magnetic field is adopted, one electric field component is added compared with the traditional ground well transient electromagnetic acquisition method, the resolution of the resistivity profile of the inversion is higher than that of the traditional ground well transient electromagnetic acquisition method in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the precision imaging precision after the electromagnetic 4-component joint inversion is further improved.
Referring to fig. 1, preferably, the near-wellhead ground ends A1, A2, A3 and A4 and the far-wellhead ground ends B1, B2, B3 and B4 of the long-wire source are all aluminum plates, and the buried depths of the aluminum plates are 30-40cm.
Preferably, the number of electromagnetic data collectors (P1, P2, P3 …) in the depth range of the target reservoir is not less than 3.
Arranging electromagnetic data collector (P1, P2, P3 …) survey lines along the axial direction of the well bore 7 at the depth corresponding to the target reservoir in the well bore 7, and arranging poles in a fixed point distance or variable point distance mode; the depth point distance of the target reservoir electromagnetic data collector (P1, P2, P3 and …) is set according to the thickness of the reservoir, and the point distance on other depth ranges is larger than that of the target reservoir and can be 5-10 m.
Referring to FIG. 1, preferably, the near wellhead ground points A1, A2, A3 and A4 are 500-1500 meters from the wellhead 5; the distance between the far wellhead grounding ends B1, B2, B3 and B4 and the wellhead 5 is 1600-5500 meters.
An embodiment of the present application provides a specific implementation manner of an electromagnetic data acquisition method based on four-way excitation, referring to fig. 2, the method specifically includes the following contents:
step 100: the first long-conductor source, the second long-conductor source, the third long-conductor source and the fourth long-conductor source are sequentially excited according to the frequency domain excitation waveform and the time domain excitation waveform respectively.
Referring to fig. 1, step 100 is performed by first activating a first long wire 1, then activating a second long wire 2, then activating a third long wire 3, and finally activating a fourth long wire 4. It will be appreciated that the excitation sequence may be clockwise or counter-clockwise in fig. 1, but may not be followed by excitation of the third long-conductor source 3 after excitation of the first long-conductor source 1.
Step 200: the electromagnetic data collector is used for collecting the vertical component Ez, the magnetic field component Hx, the magnetic field component Hy and the magnetic field component Hz of the electric field.
The method comprises the steps that a 4-component electromagnetic data collector is arranged at the position of each measuring point of a measuring line in a shaft, and an electric field vertical component Ez and three components Hx, hy and Hz of a magnetic field are measured respectively, wherein the three components Hx, hy and Hz of the magnetic field are vertical to each other, and the electric field vertical component Ez and the magnetic field vertical component Hz are vertical to the ground.
The electromagnetic data acquisition method based on four-way excitation provided by the application adopts two waveform excitation modes of a time domain and a frequency domain, and simultaneously obtains electromagnetic responses of the time domain and the frequency domain, and after the joint inversion of the time domain and the frequency electromagnetic responses, the longitudinal and transverse resolution of an inversion result is higher than that of the traditional ground well transient electromagnetic acquisition method. In summary, the application can provide an electromagnetic data acquisition method for effectively obtaining the anisotropic characteristics of the electricity and magnetism around the shaft and at the bottom of the shaft, so as to realize the effective detection of the ore bodies around the drilling hole and at the bottom.
In one embodiment, the electromagnetic data acquisition method based on four-way excitation further comprises:
arranging a first long-conductor source, a second long-conductor source, a third long-conductor source and a fourth long-conductor source which are the same in size around a wellhead, and enabling the first long-conductor source and the third long-conductor source to be positioned on a first straight line, and enabling the second long-conductor source and the fourth long-conductor source to be positioned on a second straight line; the first straight line is perpendicular to the second straight line, the near-wellhead grounding end of the first long-conductor source, the near-wellhead grounding end of the second long-conductor source, the near-wellhead grounding end of the third long-conductor source and the near-wellhead grounding end of the fourth long-conductor source are equal in distance from the wellhead, and the setting direction of the first long-conductor source is perpendicular to the trend of the target reservoir;
a plurality of electromagnetic data collectors are aligned axially along the wellbore within the wellbore.
In one embodiment, the frequency domain excitation waveform is a non-zero-crossing square wave signal with an emission frequency of 0.01Hz to 1000Hz, the number of high-frequency square wave repetitions is greater than the number of low-frequency square wave repetitions (less than 10Hz is a low-frequency square wave (0.01-10), and greater than or equal to 10Hz is a high-frequency square wave), and the non-zero-crossing square wave signal is equally spaced in logarithmic space.
In one embodiment, the time domain excitation waveform is a zero-crossing square wave signal with a period of 20 seconds or 40 seconds, and the number of repeated transmissions is greater than 32.
It will be appreciated that the emission period is determined according to the following formula:
T td ＝20s H max ≤2000m (1)
T td ＝40s H max ＞2000m (2)
after the two waveforms of the time domain and the frequency domain are adopted for excitation, the electromagnetic responses of the time domain and the frequency domain are obtained at the same time, and after the joint inversion of the electromagnetic responses of the time domain and the frequency domain, the longitudinal and transverse resolution of the inversion result is higher than that of the traditional ground well transient electromagnetic acquisition method.
To further illustrate the scheme, the application takes a certain oilfield target reservoir H as an example, and provides a specific application example of the electromagnetic data acquisition method based on four-way excitation, wherein the specific application example specifically comprises the following content, and the content is shown in fig. 3.
S0: a long-conductor source and an electromagnetic data collector are arranged.
Referring to fig. 4, the long-conductor sources A1-B1 are arranged in the north-south direction, the distance from the near wellhead ground end A1 to the wellhead 5 is 500m, and the distance from the far wellhead ground end B1 to the wellhead 5 is 2500m. The ground is provided with 3 other long wire sources, the long wire sources A2-B2 are perpendicular to the long wire sources A1-B1, the points A2 and B2 form a straight line with the wellhead 5, the directions of the points A2-B2 are the east-west directions, the long wire sources A3-B3 and the long wire sources A1-B1 are located in the straight line, the points A3, B3, A1, B1 and the wellhead 5 form a straight line, the directions of the points A2-B2 are the north-south directions, the long wire sources A4-B4 and the long wire sources A2-B2 are located in the straight line, the points A4, B4, A2, B2 and the wellhead 5 are located in the straight line, the directions of the points A2-B2 are the east-west directions, the distances of the points A2, A3 and A4 are 500m, and the distances of the points B2, B3 and B4 are 2500m from the wellhead 5.
The position of each measuring point of the measuring lines of the electromagnetic data collectors (P1, P2 and P3 …) in the shaft 7 is provided with a 4-component electromagnetic data collector for respectively measuring the vertical component Ez of the electric field and the three components Hx, hy and Hz of the magnetic field, wherein the three components Hx, hy and Hz of the magnetic field are mutually perpendicular, and the vertical component Ez of the electric field and the vertical component Hz of the magnetic field are perpendicular to the ground.
And a survey line is axially distributed along the shaft 7 at a depth corresponding to the target reservoir 6 in the shaft 7, the direction of the survey line is vertical to the ground, the depth at the top end of the survey line is 1700m, the bottom end of the survey line is 2510m, the point distance (mutual distance of electromagnetic data collectors) on the survey line within the depth range of 2000 m-2100 m (namely, the depth range of the target reservoir 6) is 5m, and the point distances on other depths are 10m.
S1: the long-conductor sources A1-B1 are excited according to the frequency domain excitation waveform and the time domain excitation waveform.
It can be understood that the frequency domain excitation waveform is a non-zero crossing square wave signal with the emission frequency of 0.01Hz to 100Hz, the frequency number of 41, the high frequency square wave repetition number is more than the low frequency square wave repetition number, and the non-zero crossing square wave signal is equally distributed in logarithmic space, referring to fig. 5. The time domain excitation waveform is a zero-crossing square wave signal with a period of 40 seconds, and the transmission times are repeated for 64 times, referring to fig. 6.
S2: the long-conductor sources A2-B2 are excited according to the frequency-domain excitation waveform and the time-domain excitation waveform.
It is understood that the frequency domain excitation waveform and the time domain excitation waveform in step S2 are the same as S1.
S3: the long-conductor sources A3-B3 are excited according to the frequency-domain excitation waveform and the time-domain excitation waveform.
It is understood that the frequency domain excitation waveform and the time domain excitation waveform in step S3 are the same as S1.
S4: the long-conductor sources A4-B4 are excited according to the frequency-domain excitation waveform and the time-domain excitation waveform.
It is understood that the frequency domain excitation waveform and the time domain excitation waveform in step S4 are the same as S1.
S5: the 4-component electromagnetic field data obtained after excitation are inverted.
And after the 4 times of excitation, obtaining time domain and frequency domain electromagnetic field information reflecting the trend and trend direction of the target reservoir, establishing a background model of two directions around the shaft according to the known information, respectively inverting 4-component electromagnetic field data (three components Hx, hy and Hz of an electric field vertical component Ez and a magnetic field) obtained after the 4 times of excitation, obtaining a resistivity distribution diagram of the 4 directions around the target reservoir, and further obtaining the electric anisotropy characteristics of the target reservoir in the trend and trend direction.
From the above description, the application provides an electromagnetic data acquisition method and device based on four-way excitation, which adopts a long wire source, increases the signal strength, improves the quality of received signals, improves the imaging precision, and is superior to a ground well transient electromagnetic acquisition method using a loop transmission source in detection distance and depth. After the 4-component signal acquisition station of the vertical component Ez of the electric field and the three components Hx, hy and Hz of the magnetic field is adopted, one electric field component is added compared with the traditional ground well transient electromagnetic acquisition method, the resolution of the resistivity profile of the inversion is higher than that of the traditional ground well transient electromagnetic acquisition method in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the precision imaging precision after the electromagnetic 4-component joint inversion is further improved. The electromagnetic data acquisition method provided by the application adopts two waveforms of a time domain and a frequency domain for excitation, and simultaneously obtains electromagnetic responses of the time domain and the frequency domain, and after the joint inversion of the time domain and the frequency electromagnetic responses, the longitudinal and transverse resolution of an inversion result is higher than that of the traditional ground well transient electromagnetic acquisition method. In summary, the application can provide an electromagnetic data acquisition method for effectively obtaining the anisotropic characteristics of the electricity and magnetism around the shaft and at the bottom of the shaft, so as to realize the effective detection of the ore bodies around the drilling hole and at the bottom.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for a hardware+program class embodiment, the description is relatively simple, as it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, as relevant see the partial description of the method embodiment.
The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.
Although the application provides method operational steps as described in the examples or flowcharts, more or fewer operational steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive labor. The order of steps recited in the embodiments is merely one way of performing the order of steps and does not represent a unique order of execution. When implemented by an actual device or client product, the instructions may be executed sequentially or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment) as shown in the embodiments or figures.
Although the present description provides method operational steps as described in the examples or flowcharts, more or fewer operational steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive means. The order of steps recited in the embodiments is merely one way of performing the order of steps and does not represent a unique order of execution. When implemented in an actual device or end product, the instructions may be executed sequentially or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment, or even in a distributed data processing environment) as illustrated by the embodiments or by the figures. The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, it is not excluded that additional identical or equivalent elements may be present in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a described element.
For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being functionally divided into various modules, respectively. Of course, when implementing the embodiments of the present disclosure, the functions of each module may be implemented in the same or multiple pieces of software and/or hardware, or a module that implements the same function may be implemented by multiple sub-modules or a combination of sub-units, or the like. The above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices or units, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.
Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, in addition to implementing the controller in a pure computer readable program code, it is well possible to implement the same functionality by logically programming the method steps such that the controller is in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers, etc. Such a controller can be regarded as a hardware component, and means for implementing various functions included therein can also be regarded as a structure within the hardware component. Or even means for achieving the various functions may be regarded as either software modules implementing the methods or structures within hardware components.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In one typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include volatile memory in a computer-readable medium, random Access Memory (RAM) and/or nonvolatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of computer-readable media.
Computer readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of storage media for a computer include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static Random Access Memory (SRAM), dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), read Only Memory (ROM), electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium, which can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. Computer-readable media, as defined herein, does not include transitory computer-readable media (transmission media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present description may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present specification embodiments may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present description embodiments may take the form of a computer program product on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present embodiments may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The embodiments of the specification may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, as relevant to see a section of the description of method embodiments. In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present specification. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
The foregoing is merely an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the embodiment of the present disclosure. Various modifications and variations of the illustrative embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, or the like, which is within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the present specification, should be included in the scope of the claims of the embodiments of the present specification.
Claims (9)
1. Electromagnetic data acquisition device based on four-way excitation, characterized by comprising: a plurality of electromagnetic data collectors and the same first long-length wire source, second long-length wire source, third long-length wire source and fourth long-length wire source of size, wherein:
the first long lead source and the third long lead source are positioned on a first straight line, and the second long lead source and the fourth long lead source are positioned on a second straight line; the first straight line is perpendicular to the second straight line;
the distance between the near-well-head grounding end of the first long-length wire source, the near-well-head grounding end of the second long-length wire source, the near-well-head grounding end of the third long-length wire source and the well head is equal to the distance between the near-well-head grounding end of the fourth long-length wire source and the well head;
the arrangement direction of the first long lead source is perpendicular to the trend of the target reservoir;
when the target reservoir is in the horizontal direction, the first long-conductor source setting direction is perpendicular to the extending direction of the target reservoir;
a plurality of electromagnetic data collectors are axially aligned within the wellbore.
2. The electromagnetic data acquisition apparatus of claim 1, wherein the near wellhead ground and the far wellhead ground of the long-wire source are both aluminum plates.
3. The electromagnetic data acquisition apparatus of claim 2, wherein the aluminum plate has a burial depth of 30-40cm.
4. The electromagnetic data acquisition apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic data acquisition apparatus is a non-polarized acquisition apparatus.
5. The electromagnetic data acquisition apparatus of claim 1, wherein the number of electromagnetic data collectors in the depth range of the target reservoir is not less than 3.
6. The electromagnetic data acquisition apparatus of claim 1, wherein the distance between the near wellhead ground and the wellhead is 500-1500 meters; the distance between the grounding end of the far wellhead and the wellhead is 1600-5500 meters.
7. A four-way excitation-based electromagnetic data acquisition method, characterized by being applied to the four-way excitation-based electromagnetic data acquisition device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
exciting the first long-length wire source, the second long-length wire source, the third long-length wire source and the fourth long-length wire source in sequence according to a frequency domain excitation waveform and a time domain excitation waveform respectively;
collecting an electric field vertical component Ez, a magnetic field component Hx, a magnetic field component Hy and a magnetic field component Hz by the electromagnetic data collector;
the time domain excitation waveform is a zero-crossing square wave signal with the period of 20 seconds or 40 seconds and the repeated emission times of more than 32 times;
the emission period is determined according to formula 1 and 2:
T td ＝20sH max ≤2000m 1
T td ＝40sH max ＞2000m 2。
8. the electromagnetic data acquisition method as set forth in claim 7, further comprising:
arranging a first long-conductor source, a second long-conductor source, a third long-conductor source and a fourth long-conductor source which are the same in size around a wellhead, and enabling the first long-conductor source and the third long-conductor source to be positioned on a first straight line, and enabling the second long-conductor source and the fourth long-conductor source to be positioned on a second straight line; the first straight line is perpendicular to the second straight line, the near-wellhead grounding end of the first long-conductor source, the near-wellhead grounding end of the second long-conductor source, the near-wellhead grounding end of the third long-conductor source and the near-wellhead grounding end of the fourth long-conductor source are equal in distance from the wellhead, and the setting direction of the first long-conductor source is perpendicular to the trend of the target reservoir;
a plurality of electromagnetic data collectors are aligned axially along a wellbore within the wellbore.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the frequency domain excitation waveform is a non-zero-crossing square wave signal with a transmission frequency of 0.01Hz to 1000Hz, wherein the number of square wave repetitions with a transmission frequency of greater than or equal to 10Hz is greater than the number of square wave repetitions with a transmission frequency of less than 10Hz, and the non-zero-crossing square wave signal is equally spaced in logarithmic space.
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