CN111962552A - Offshore wind power foundation driving-in type rock-socketed single pile construction process - Google Patents
Offshore wind power foundation driving-in type rock-socketed single pile construction process Download PDFInfo
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- CN111962552A CN111962552A CN202010804733.6A CN202010804733A CN111962552A CN 111962552 A CN111962552 A CN 111962552A CN 202010804733 A CN202010804733 A CN 202010804733A CN 111962552 A CN111962552 A CN 111962552A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
A driving-in type rock-socketed single pile construction process for an offshore wind power foundation comprises the following steps of hoisting and placing a pile stabilizing platform on a platform supporting seat at the tail of a mother ship, and realizing accurate positioning of the mother ship and the pile stabilizing platform by controlling an anchoring system; inserting support piles into support pile sleeves at four corners of the pile stabilizing platform, and sinking the piles to a construction design elevation by adopting a vibration hammer; lifting the pile stabilizing platform integrally to be separated from the mother ship; the pile stabilizing platform is placed on the supporting pile through the platform suspension device and is locked with the supporting pile after being leveled, so that a stable and reliable offshore pile stabilizing platform is formed; after the steel pipe pile is hoisted, the steel pipe pile is inserted into the pile stabilizing platform to be sunk, after pile sinking is completed, the supporting pile is removed, the mother ship is shifted to the next machine position, and the process is repeated. According to the invention, through the matching of the mother ship, the support pile and the movable modular pile stabilizing platform, the absolute position of the large-diameter steel pipe pile during pile sinking is ensured, the verticality of the single pile is met, and the construction is convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction process of an offshore wind power foundation, in particular to a driving-in rock-socketed single pile construction process of an offshore wind power foundation.
Background
The single-pile foundation structure is the current mainstream offshore wind power foundation structure type in the world and the country, and has the advantages of short effective operation days on the sea, high engineering economy and the like compared with other foundation structures. A single pile foundation in China mostly adopts a transition flange-free structure, the verticality requirement of the single pile is extremely high, and pile stabilizing equipment is required to be adopted to assist pile sinking so as to meet the verticality requirement of the pile.
At present, the single-pile sinking construction technology is mainly divided into three types:
(1) shipborne pile gripper: the pile gripper is directly connected with a crane ship, does not need an auxiliary pile, is convenient to construct, is easily influenced by stormy waves and tidal waters, and is suitable for sea areas with smaller stormy waves and shallower water depth.
(2) The four-pile supported independent pile stabilizing platform comprises: during construction, a pile stabilizing platform is placed at the position of a fan, four steel pipe piles are driven into four pile positions of the platform, and after engineering piles are driven into the pile stabilizing platform, an auxiliary pile is pulled out, so that the pile stabilizing platform is suitable for the sea condition with shallow water level.
(3) Pile stabilizing platform of self-elevating support leg ship: the self-elevating support leg ship is provided with a positioning platform, but the self-elevating support leg ship in China has less resources, and meanwhile, the work efficiency of inserting and pulling legs of the platform ship is low.
At present, the wind power plant in China develops from an intertidal zone to a shallow water area gradually, the sea area of the wind power plant has large wind and wave, the water depth is deepened gradually, and when a large-diameter steel pipe pile is sunk, the absolute position and the verticality of the steel pipe pile are difficult to guarantee to meet the design requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art and provides a construction process of a driving-in rock-socketed single pile of an offshore wind power foundation, which ensures that the absolute position and the verticality of the pile can meet the design requirements when a large-diameter steel pipe pile is sunk.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme, the invention relates to a driving-in type rock-socketed single pile construction process for an offshore wind power foundation, which is characterized by comprising the following steps,
(1) a pile stabilizing platform supporting seat is arranged on the inner side of the groove at the stern part of the mother ship;
(2) the pile stabilizing platform is hoisted and placed on the pile stabilizing platform supporting seat;
(3) the precise positioning of the mother ship and the pile stabilizing platform is realized by controlling the anchoring system;
(4) inserting support piles into guide pipes at four corners of the pile stabilizing platform, and sinking the piles to a construction design elevation by adopting a vibration hammer;
(5) lifting the pile stabilizing platform integrally to separate from the ship body;
(6) the pile stabilizing platform is placed on the supporting pile through the platform suspension device and is locked with the supporting pile after being leveled, so that a stable and reliable offshore pile stabilizing platform is formed;
(7) hoisting the steel pipe pile into a pile stabilizing platform, adopting a laser digital display horizontal ruler to adjust the verticality of the steel pipe pile, and sinking the pile after the verticality is adjusted;
(8) the pile tip is filled with mud, total stations are erected on an extension line of the pile edge and are distributed at 90 degrees, a support is fixed on a platform, the top of the support is leveled by a horizontal ruler during fixing, the whole-course tracking observation is needed in the hydraulic hammer sleeve hammer stage, the sleeve hammer is stopped immediately and the pile body verticality is adjusted when an abnormality is found, and the pile is sunk under the condition that the single pile verticality is ensured;
(9) after pile sinking is finished, removing the pile top hanging device of the supporting pile; thirdly, placing the pile stabilizing platform on the pile stabilizing platform supporting seat, pulling out the supporting pile to a position above the mud surface, and fixing the supporting pile and the pile stabilizing platform by using a fixing pin;
(10) and (4) moving the next machine position of the mother ship, pulling out the fixing pin, inserting the supporting pile, and repeating the processes.
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can also be achieved by the following technical solutions: and (4) in the hydraulic hammer sleeve hammer stage in the step (8), when the hydraulic hammer sleeve hammer is observed once every time the hydraulic hammer sleeve hammer sinks for 1-4m, and the error value between the data of the two total stations observed every time is within the range of 0-5mm, the hydraulic hammer sleeve hammer does not need to be adjusted and sinks continuously, and if the error exceeds 5mm, the hydraulic hammer sleeve hammer needs to be adjusted and sinks again after being adjusted.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can also be realized by the following technical scheme, the pile sinking method in the step (8) is characterized in that a hydraulic hammer is started, the pile sinking is firstly hammered by low-energy hydraulic pressure, 2-3 hammers are inched, the time is suspended for a period of time, the hammering is continued after no abnormality occurs, the data of the pile body is measured and observed, the posture of the pile body is adjusted, the observation and the adjustment are carried out once every 1-2 m, when the pile is continuously buried for 20m, the observation and the adjustment are carried out once every 3-4 m, when the pile is continuously buried for 30m, the adjustment measures cannot play an adjustment role, and the pile is normally hydraulically sunk.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme that in the pile sinking process of the support piles in the step (4), the height difference of the tops of the support piles is less than 30 cm.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can also be realized by the following technical scheme that in the leveling process of the pile stabilizing platform in the step (6), the height difference of four corners of the pile stabilizing platform is not more than 10 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts the matching of the mother ship and the movable modular pile stabilizing platform to ensure the absolute position of the large-diameter steel pipe pile during pile sinking, and can effectively restrict the verticality of the single pile and ensure that the verticality of the single pile meets the design requirement through the matching of the supporting pile and the movable modular pile stabilizing platform. By adopting the method, the movable modular pile stabilizing platform is in place from the mother ship, and is integrally moved to the next machine position after inserting the supporting pile, fixing the platform, sinking the pile, pulling the supporting pile, so that the effective construction time is 1.5-2 days, the mother ship can have the functions of positioning and transporting the hydraulic hammer, and the utilization rate of the ship is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the construction process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a pile stabilization platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the upper platform of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the lower platform of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the mother ship according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a top view of fig. 5.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can further understand the present invention without limiting the right of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the construction process of the driving-in type rock-socketed single pile of the offshore wind power foundation takes the offshore wind power engineering of the Dalian river as an example, the diameter of the single pile is 5.5-6.6m, the length of the pile is 69-82 m, the weight is 613.5-899.3 t, and the perpendicularity of the pile body is less than 3 per thousand. The process comprises the following steps of,
(1) a pile stabilizing platform supporting seat is arranged on the inner side of the groove at the stern part of the mother ship;
(2) the pile stabilizing platform is hoisted and placed on the pile stabilizing platform supporting seat;
(3) the precise positioning of the mother ship and the pile stabilizing platform is realized by controlling the anchoring system;
(4) inserting support piles into guide pipes at four corners of the pile stabilizing platform, sinking the piles to a construction design elevation by adopting a vibration hammer, wherein the tops of the support piles are parallel and level in the pile sinking process of the support piles, the height difference is less than 30cm, and the height difference of the four corners of the pile stabilizing platform is not more than 10mm in the leveling process of the pile stabilizing platform;
(5) lifting the pile stabilizing platform integrally to separate from the ship body;
(6) the pile stabilizing platform is placed on the supporting pile through the platform suspension device and is locked with the supporting pile after being leveled, so that a stable and reliable offshore pile stabilizing platform is formed;
(7) hoisting the steel pipe pile into a pile stabilizing platform, adopting a laser digital display horizontal ruler to adjust the verticality of the steel pipe pile, and sinking the pile after the verticality is adjusted;
(8) the pile tip is filled with mud, total stations are erected on an extension line of the pile edge, the two total stations are arranged at 90 degrees, a support is fixed on a platform, the top of the support is leveled by a horizontal ruler during fixing, a hydraulic hammer is sleeved on the hammer stage, observation is carried out once every time the total stations sink for 1-4m, the error value between data of the two total stations observed every time is in the range of 0-5mm, adjustment is not needed, the total stations sink continuously, if the error exceeds 5mm, adjustment is carried out, the total stations sink after adjustment, the observation method is that the instrument aims at the pile edge at the bottom to be in the 0 direction, the angle of the pile top and the pile edge at the bottom of the other side are respectively observed by clockwise rotation, and the perpendicularity of the pile is;
in the pile sinking process, the hydraulic hammer is started, the pile sinking is firstly hammered by low-energy hydraulic pressure, 2-3 hammers are inched, the pile sinking is suspended for a period of time, the stopping time is 10-60S, if no abnormality exists after 10-60S, the hammering is continued, the data of the pile body is arranged and observed, the posture of the pile body is adjusted, the observation and adjustment are carried out once every 1-2 m, when the pile is continuously buried for 20m, the observation and adjustment are carried out once every 3-4 m, when the pile is continuously buried for 30m, the adjustment measure cannot play a role in adjustment, and the pile is changed into normal hydraulic pile sinking;
(9) after pile sinking is completed, removing the pile top hanging device of the supporting pile, placing the pile stabilizing platform on the supporting seat of the pile stabilizing platform again, pulling out the supporting pile to a position above a mud surface, and fixing the supporting pile and the pile stabilizing platform by using a fixing pin;
(10) and (4) moving the next machine position of the mother ship, pulling out the fixing pin, inserting the supporting pile, and repeating the processes.
The movable modular pile stabilizing platform is in place from a mother ship, is integrally moved to the next machine position after inserting the supporting piles, fixing the platform, sinking the piles, pulling the supporting piles, and has the effective construction time of 1.5-2 days, and the mother ship can have the functions of positioning and transporting the hydraulic hammer, so that the utilization rate of the ship is improved.
The pile stabilizing platform adopted by the invention has the structure that a platform main body is arranged, an encircling cavity of an engineering pile 3 is arranged on the platform main body, an engineering pile inlet is arranged on one side of the encircling cavity, the encircling cavity is arranged in a U shape, a plurality of supporting piles 6 are arranged on the periphery of the platform main body, a supporting pile sleeve 4 is arranged on the platform main body, a supporting pile fixing device 11 is arranged on the supporting pile sleeve 4, a fastening device connected with a barge and a lifting device used for lifting the platform main body are arranged on the platform main body, the fastening device is ship fastening equipment, and the lifting device is any device capable of realizing a lifting function disclosed by the prior art;
the platform main body is provided with an upper platform and a lower platform, the upper platform 1 is fixedly connected with the lower platform 2 through a support pile sleeve, pile holding devices matched with engineering piles 3 are respectively arranged on the upper platform 1 and the lower platform 2 at the surrounding cavity, the height of the interlayer between the upper platform and the lower platform is 8000mm, the upper platform and the lower platform are fixedly connected by 4 support pile sleeves 4 with the inner diameter phi of 2500mm, the front-back and left-right distances between the centers of the 4 support pile sleeves 4 are 15600mm respectively, and 4 support piles 6 with the outer diameter phi of 2420mm are inserted into the support pile sleeves 4;
the pile embracing device is at least provided with three pile embracing cylinders 13, the pile embracing cylinders 13 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of an embracing cavity, piston rods of the pile embracing cylinders 13 are arranged towards the center of the embracing cavity, the end parts of the piston rods of the pile embracing cylinders 13 are provided with rollers which are in rolling fit with the engineering pile, the pile embracing cylinders 13 are provided with four pile embracing cylinders, every two pile embracing cylinders are in one group, the two pile embracing cylinders 13 in the same group are symmetrically arranged along the center of the embracing cavity, and the pile embracing cylinders are 200 t;
the platform main body is of a steel pipe frame structure and provides a basic supporting function for the whole control platform;
the number of pile embracing devices is 8, the upper platform and the lower platform are respectively provided with 4 pile embracing devices, the pile embracing devices are arranged around the center of an engineering pile 3 in a 45-degree angle mode, the maximum thrust of each pile is larger than 200t, the pile embracing devices directly act on a single pile foundation and restrain the verticality of the single pile foundation in the whole pile sinking process, the hydraulic cylinders can be freely contracted, the length of the pile embracing cylinders 13 on two sides of an inlet of the engineering pile is adjusted according to the diameter of the engineering pile, the pile embracing cylinders 13 on two sides of the inlet of the engineering pile are arranged on a platform main body through a rotating mechanism, the rest pile embracing cylinders 13 are fixed on the platform main body, the rotating mechanism comprises a rotating seat and a driving cylinder 14, the cylinder body of each pile embracing cylinder 13 is fixed on;
the support pile 6 adopts steel pipe piles with the diameter of more than phi 2m to support the whole pile stabilizing platform and external load, and the support pile fixing device 11 is used for connecting the support pile with the platform main body; support stake fixing device 11 including adorning the fixing base on supporting stake sleeve 4, all be equipped with the otic placode on fixing base and the support stake, be equipped with the turn buckle between the otic placode of fixing base and the otic placode of supporting the stake.
The middle part of the lower platform 2 is provided with control rooms 1 and 9, and the control room 9 is internally provided with a control console, a hydraulic system control device, an air conditioner, a seat, a door, a window and the like; a power station and a power distribution room are arranged beside the control room 9, and the power station is provided with necessary safety valves, overflow valves, power control valves, air-cooled radiators, filters, pressure gauges, oil tanks and other accessories and a starting electric box; the lower platform 2 is provided with a steel inclined ladder 10 leading to the upper platform, and the inclined ladder 10 is connected with the platform main body by bolts. The two sides and the end part of the lower platform 2 are provided with steel steps 12. An aluminum alloy movable ladder 10 with the length of about 12m is arranged between the lower platform 2 and the positioning barge; a tool room 8 is arranged below the inclined ladder of the lower platform 2; the steel fixed railings 7 are arranged on the periphery of the lower platform and the upper platform, the height of the railings is about 1100mm, and the telescopic movable pedals 12 made of aluminum alloy are arranged on the two sides of the engineering pile inlet and the platform main body surrounding the periphery of the cavity and used for measuring the verticality when the diameter of the engineering pile changes.
The mother ship comprises a ship body 15, wherein a supporting platform 17 of a pile stabilizing platform 18 is respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the tail part of the ship body 15, the supporting platform 17 is fixed at the tail part of the ship body 15 through a platform supporting seat, and a platform connecting device 16 for fixing the pile stabilizing platform 18 is arranged on each supporting platform 17; the supporting platform 17 is of a steel truss structure; a U-shaped cavity for placing a pile stabilizing platform 18 is formed between two supporting platforms 17 at the tail part of the ship body 15 and the ship body, a reinforcing module is fixed in the ship body connected with a platform supporting seat, and the reinforcing module can be a reinforcing plate, a reinforcing rib or other devices capable of reinforcing the structure of the ship body; the platform connecting devices 16 on the two supporting platforms 17 at the tail part of the ship body 15 are symmetrically arranged, and the platform connecting devices 16 can adopt any connecting device which is disclosed in the prior art and can realize the fixed connection between the pile stabilizing platform 18 and the supporting platforms, for example, adopt the connecting device; the thickness of the supporting platform 17 becomes thinner from inside to outside along the long axis direction of the ship body; the tail end of the supporting platform 17 is provided with an anchor, the anchor is connected with the supporting platform 17 through an anchor chain, and an anchor bracket is arranged on the supporting platform 17; the two sides of the ship body are provided with tail fins 19, and the tail fins 19 are arranged on the ship body through connecting outer plates.
The ship body can adopt a non-self-propelled barge, a landing leg ship or a semi-submerged barge, and is modified to be suitable for carrying a pile stabilizing platform, wherein the modified contents comprise:
(1) a supporting platform is respectively added on the left side and the right side of the tail of the ship body;
(2) the interior of the hull in the area connected with the platform support seat is properly reinforced;
(3) the original anchoring equipment such as a tail anchor, an anchor bracket and the like is moved to the tail end of the platform supporting seat, and the length of the anchor chain is properly increased;
(4) and cutting off the whole structure of the original port and starboard tail fins, moving the tail fins into the ship after cutting off, and welding the tail fins with the outer plate.
The above embodiments are only for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention includes but is not limited to the above embodiments, and any suitable changes or substitutions that are consistent with the claims of the present invention and are made by those skilled in the art shown should fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A driving-in type rock-socketed single pile construction process for an offshore wind power foundation is characterized by comprising the following steps: the process comprises the following steps of,
(1) a pile stabilizing platform supporting seat is arranged on the inner side of the groove at the stern part of the mother ship;
(2) the pile stabilizing platform is hoisted and placed on the pile stabilizing platform supporting seat;
(3) the precise positioning of the mother ship and the pile stabilizing platform is realized by controlling the anchoring system;
(4) inserting support piles into guide pipes at four corners of the pile stabilizing platform, and sinking the piles to a construction design elevation by adopting a vibration hammer;
(5) lifting the pile stabilizing platform integrally to separate from the ship body;
(6) the pile stabilizing platform is placed on the supporting pile through the platform suspension device and is locked with the supporting pile after being leveled, so that a stable and reliable offshore pile stabilizing platform is formed;
(7) hoisting the steel pipe pile into a pile stabilizing platform, adopting a laser digital display horizontal ruler to adjust the verticality of the steel pipe pile, and sinking the pile after the adjustment is finished;
(8) the pile tip is filled with mud, total stations are erected on an extension line of the pile edge and are distributed at 90 degrees, a support is fixed on a pile stabilizing platform, the top of the support is leveled by a horizontal ruler during fixing, the hydraulic hammer is subjected to whole-process tracking observation during the hammer sleeving stage, the hammer sleeving is stopped immediately and the pile body verticality is adjusted when abnormality is found, and the pile is sunk under the condition that the verticality of a single pile is ensured;
(9) after pile sinking is completed, the pile stabilizing platform is detached from the supporting pile, and is placed on a platform supporting seat of the mother ship again, the supporting pile is pulled out to be above the mud surface, and the supporting pile and the pile stabilizing platform are fixed by using a fixing pin;
(10) and (5) moving the mother ship to the next machine position, and repeating the processes.
2. The construction process according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) in the hydraulic hammer sleeve hammer stage in the step (8), when the hydraulic hammer sleeve hammer is observed once every time the hydraulic hammer sleeve hammer sinks for 1-4m, and the error value between the data of the two total stations observed every time is within the range of 0-5mm, the hydraulic hammer sleeve hammer does not need to be adjusted and sinks continuously, and if the error exceeds 5mm, the hydraulic hammer sleeve hammer needs to be adjusted and sinks again after being adjusted.
3. The construction process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and (8) starting a hydraulic hammer, firstly hammering the pile by using low-energy hydraulic pressure, inching 2-3 hammers, pausing for a period of time, continuing hammering after no abnormality exists, arranging to measure and observe the data of the pile body, adjusting the posture of the pile body, observing and adjusting once every 1-2 m, observing and adjusting once every 3-4 m when the pile continues to enter the soil for 20m, and changing the adjustment measure into normal hydraulic pile sinking when the pile continues to enter the soil for 30m and cannot play an adjusting role.
4. The construction process according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) in the pile sinking process of the support piles, the height difference of the tops of the support piles is less than 30 cm.
5. The construction process according to claim 1, wherein: and (6) in the leveling process of the pile stabilizing platform, the height difference of four corners of the pile stabilizing platform is not more than 10 mm.
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| CN202010804733.6A CN111962552A (en) | 2020-08-12 | 2020-08-12 | Offshore wind power foundation driving-in type rock-socketed single pile construction process |
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| CN202010804733.6A CN111962552A (en) | 2020-08-12 | 2020-08-12 | Offshore wind power foundation driving-in type rock-socketed single pile construction process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114379722A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-22 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Pontoon, pontoon system for erecting trestle bridge and construction method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20201120 |
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