CN111962362B

CN111962362B - Automatic leveling paver

Info

Publication number: CN111962362B
Application number: CN202010907542.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汤炬
Original assignee: Shandong Boyuan Construction Engineering Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Boyuan Construction Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2020-09-02
Filing date: 2020-09-02
Publication date: 2022-01-18
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-02
Also published as: CN111962362A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of road surface operation mechanical equipment, in particular to an automatic leveling paver, which comprises a frame; the telescopic adjusting mechanisms are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the rack along the length direction of the rack, and the working direction of the telescopic adjusting mechanisms is vertically downward for adjusting the heights of the first travelling mechanism, the second travelling mechanism, the rolling mechanism and the paving mechanism relative to the bottom of the rack; the detection mechanism is symmetrically arranged at the front end of the frame, extends forwards, is grounded and is used for detecting the gradient change of a road in advance; the rolling mechanism, the first walking mechanism, the second walking mechanism and the paving mechanism are respectively arranged at the bottom of each group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms; the rack is also provided with a material box for storing and spreading materials and a material discharging control mechanism for controlling the material box to discharge materials; the scheme can conveniently realize automatic leveling, has good paving effect, can supplement paving materials and avoid waste, and has stable structure.

Description

Automatic leveling paver

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pavement operation mechanical equipment, in particular to an automatic leveling paver.

Background

The paver is a construction equipment mainly used for paving various materials of base course and surface course on the road surface, and is used for uniformly paving asphalt and concrete material on the road surface, and making them undergo the processes of pre-compaction and shaping treatment to a certain extent so as to form asphalt and concrete base course or surface course. The equipment is high in paving speed, and can accurately guarantee the thickness, width, road surface camber, flatness and compactness of a paving layer, so that the equipment is widely applied. When the paver is used for automatic leveling, an accurate reference surface (line), namely a paving reference, is required. The conventional longitudinal paving standard on a construction site comprises steel wires and floating beams. However, the control of the transverse gradient and the elevation of the existing paver is a difficult problem, and the requirement of a construction process cannot be met due to the fact that a transverse slope instrument of the paver has large error. Meanwhile, when more than two spreading machines are used for spreading construction at the same time, a large number of professionals and auxiliary staff are needed to arrange the elevation positioning beam so as to ensure the spreading height or thickness.

Chinese patent CN206971058U discloses an automatic leveling structure of a paver. The automatic leveling device comprises a vibrator, a horizontal arm, a cleaner, a thickness controller, a driver seat, an automatic leveling device, a hopper, a roller, a chain type feeder, a vibrating spreading plate and a spreader, wherein the spreader and the vibrator are movably connected in an embedded matching mode. Automatic leveling device is by the regulator, the base, a sensor, the movable block, the operation panel, the connecting rod is constituteed, the regulator adopts interference fit mode swing joint with the base, the regulator intermediate position is equipped with the sensor, the regulator front end is equipped with the movable block, the base is being connected to the movable block fixed connection, the base is equilateral rectangle, and the operation panel bottom accounts for the half of base, the operation panel right side is equipped with the connecting rod, connect the paver through the operation panel, be equipped with the horizontal arm on the vibrator, the horizontal arm is established and is equallyd divide with chain feeder width in vibration paver left side and horizontal arm width, thickness controller is linked together with automatic leveling device, automatic leveling device establishes in vibration paver upper end, vibration paver is even as an organic whole with thickness controller.

The technical problems are as follows: the condition that partial materials are possibly lacked in the flattening process cannot ensure the flatness of the road.

Disclosure of Invention

For solving above-mentioned technical problem, provide an automatic paver of making level, above-mentioned problem has been solved to this technical scheme, conveniently surveys the road surface gradient through setting up detection mechanism, conveniently realizes the automatic leveling of paver main part, has realized the replenishment to the material of spreading and can adapt to the road surface width of spreading through ejection of compact control mechanism, has avoided the waste, and flexible adjustment mechanism is high to the altitude mixture control accuracy of each mechanism on the paver, and stable in structure.

In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a paver capable of automatically leveling is characterized by comprising a frame, a telescopic adjusting mechanism, a first travelling mechanism, a second travelling mechanism, a detection mechanism, a rolling mechanism, a paving mechanism, a material box and a discharging control mechanism;

the four groups of telescopic adjusting mechanisms are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the rack along the length direction of the rack, and the working direction of the telescopic adjusting mechanisms is vertically downward for adjusting the heights of the first travelling mechanism, the second travelling mechanism, the rolling mechanism and the paving mechanism relative to the bottom of the rack;

the first travelling mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the rack and close to the bottom working end of the second group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms in the advancing direction of the rack and is used for supporting and driving the equipment to move integrally;

The second travelling mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the rack and close to the bottom working end of the third group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms in the advancing direction of the rack and is used for supporting the whole equipment to move;

the detection mechanisms are provided with a pair of detection mechanisms, are symmetrically arranged at the front end of the rack, extend forwards and are grounded, and are used for detecting the gradient change of the road in advance;

the rolling mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the rack and close to the bottom working end of the first group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms in the advancing direction of the rack and is used for rolling the road surface in advance;

the paving mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the rack and close to the bottom working end of the fourth group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms in the advancing direction of the rack and is used for flattening materials to be flattened on the road surface;

the material box is hinged to the upper end of the rack and used for loading and flattening materials;

and one end of the discharging control mechanism is arranged on the rack, and the other end of the discharging control mechanism is arranged at the opening at the front end of the material box and used for controlling the material box to discharge.

Preferably, the telescopic adjusting mechanism comprises an installation box, a first rotary driver, a transmission assembly, a screw rod driving assembly and an installation frame;

the mounting boxes are provided with a pair of mounting boxes, symmetrically mounted on two sides of the width direction of the bottom of the rack and used for mounting the first rotary driver and the transmission assembly;

The first rotary driver is fixed on any mounting box of each group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms and used for driving the transmission assembly to work;

the two ends of the transmission assembly are simultaneously in rotating connection with the pair of mounting boxes of each group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms and are also fixedly connected with the input end of each lead screw driving assembly, so that the torque of the first rotary driver is synchronously applied to the lead screw driving assemblies on the pair of mounting boxes;

the screw rod driving assembly is fixed at the bottom of the mounting box, and the working direction of the screw rod driving assembly is vertically arranged and used for driving the mounting frame to vertically move;

and the mounting frame is fixed on the working end of the screw rod driving assembly.

Preferably, the transmission assembly comprises a transmission shaft and a bevel gear pair;

two ends of the transmission shaft are respectively and rotatably connected with a pair of mounting boxes of each group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms, and one end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the first rotary driver;

the bevel gear pair is provided with a pair of bevel gears, one end of each bevel gear pair is sleeved on the transmission shaft, and the other end of each bevel gear pair is fixedly connected with the top end of the corresponding lead screw driving assembly and used for synchronously supplying torque to the pair of lead screw driving assemblies.

Preferably, the screw rod driving assembly comprises a lifting frame, a screw rod and a first sliding block;

the lifting frame is fixed at the bottom end of the installation box, is provided with a guide pillar for guiding the first sliding block and is used for guiding and limiting the movement of the first sliding block;

The two ends of the screw rod are respectively and rotatably connected with the top end and the bottom end of the lifting frame, and one end of the screw rod is also fixedly connected with the output end of the transmission assembly and used for driving the first sliding block to move;

the first sliding block is in clearance fit with the lifting frame and is in threaded connection with the screw rod so as to drive the mounting frame to do telescopic motion in the linear direction.

Preferably, the first travelling mechanism and the second travelling mechanism respectively comprise wheels, axles and a travelling crane driving component;

wheels fixed at two ends of the axle for supporting the paver to walk;

the two ends of the axle are rotatably connected with the bottom ends of the telescopic adjusting mechanisms where the first travelling mechanism and the second travelling mechanism are located so as to enable a pair of wheels at the two ends to synchronously rotate;

the first traveling mechanism further comprises a traveling crane driving assembly used for providing traveling driving force, and the output end of the traveling crane driving assembly is fixedly connected with an axle of the first traveling mechanism.

Preferably, the driving assembly comprises a supporting plate, a second rotary driver, a first synchronous wheel, a second synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt;

the supporting plate is horizontally fixed between the working ends of the telescopic adjusting mechanisms where the first walking mechanisms are located and used for supporting the second rotary driver;

the second rotary driver is arranged on the supporting plate;

The first synchronous wheel is sleeved on the output shaft of the second rotary driver;

the second synchronizing wheel is sleeved on the axle of the first travelling mechanism;

and two ends of the synchronous belt are in transmission connection with the first synchronous wheel and the second synchronous wheel respectively and are used for synchronizing the torque of the first synchronous wheel to the second synchronous wheel.

Preferably, the detection mechanism comprises a cantilever, a fixed plate, an elastic support assembly, a turnover plate, a second spring, a rolling frame, a ball and a distance sensor;

the cantilevers are provided with a pair of cantilevers, fixed at the front end of the frame and extending forwards to fix the fixing plate;

the fixed plate is fixed at the bottom end of the cantilever;

the elastic supporting assembly is in clearance fit with the fixed plate along the vertical direction and is used for fixing the turnover plate;

the turnover plate is rotatably arranged on the elastic support component;

the second spring is arranged between the turnover plate and the bottom end of the elastic support assembly and used for keeping the turnover plate horizontal in a state of being only subjected to gravity;

the rolling frames are provided with a plurality of rolling frames, are uniformly distributed at the bottom end of the turnover plate and are used for installing the rolling balls;

the ball is connected with the groove at the bottom end of the rolling frame in a rolling way and used for reducing the friction force between the bottom end of the detection mechanism and the ground;

and the distance sensors are provided with a pair of distance sensors, fixed at the bottom end of the elastic support assembly and face the turnover plate, and used for monitoring the rotation angle of the turnover plate.

Preferably, the elastic support assembly comprises a movable plate, a guide rod, a first spring and a first hinge seat;

the movable plate is movably arranged below the fixed plate;

the four guide rods are vertically arranged at the top end of the movable plate around the axis of the movable plate, are in clearance fit with the fixed plate and are used for limiting and guiding the movement of the movable plate;

the first spring is sleeved on the guide rod and is arranged between the fixed plate and the movable plate, and is used for tightly abutting against the upper end of the movable plate so as to ensure that the bottom end of the detection mechanism is grounded;

the first hinged seats are provided with a pair of hinged seats, symmetrically arranged at the bottom end of the movable plate and used for hinging the rotating shafts at two ends of the turnover plate.

Preferably, the discharging control mechanism comprises a turnover driving component, an end cover, a supporting plate, a bidirectional screw rod, a third rotary driver, a second sliding block and a door leaf;

the turnover driving assemblies are provided with a pair of turnover driving assemblies, are symmetrically arranged on the rack, and are hinged with shafts at two sides of the material box at the output ends so as to drive the material box to turn over on the rack;

the end cover is fixedly arranged on the opening at the front end of the turnover driving component and is horizontally provided with a discharge hole;

the supporting plates are provided with a pair of supporting plates, are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the discharge hole of the end cover and are arranged in parallel;

Two ends of the bidirectional screw rod are rotatably connected with the pair of supporting plates, are in threaded connection with the second sliding blocks and are used for driving the pair of second sliding blocks to synchronously approach or depart from each other;

the third rotary driver is arranged on the supporting plate, and an output shaft is fixedly connected with the end part of the bidirectional screw rod and used for driving the bidirectional screw rod to rotate;

the second sliding block is provided with a pair of sliding blocks which are symmetrically in threaded connection with the bidirectional screw rod;

and the door leaf is vertically arranged on the second sliding block and is in sliding connection with the discharge hole of the end cover, and the moving direction is arranged along the length direction of the discharge hole of the end cover.

Preferably, the overturning driving assembly comprises a second hinged seat and a hydraulic cylinder;

the second hinge seats are provided with a pair of second hinge seats, are fixed on the rack, are positioned at two sides of the material box and are arranged close to the rear end of the material box;

and one end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the second hinged seat, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged with shafts on two sides of the material box and used for driving the material box to turn.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the road surface gradient is conveniently detected by the detection mechanism, the automatic leveling of the paver main body is conveniently realized, specifically, a pair of distance sensors are respectively arranged at two ends of the turnover plate, when the turnover plate is in a horizontal state, the distance between one end of the elastic supporting component bottom end and the turnover plate is the same, and a difference value is generated when the turnover plate deflects. The controller judges the inclination angle according to the signal sent by the elastic supporting assembly and amplifies the inclination angle in proportion to adjust the overall length of the telescopic adjusting mechanism, so that the frame of the paver is always kept horizontal. The original sliding friction is changed into rolling friction by the ball, so that the friction force is reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged. The roll ball pushes the turnover plate through the rolling frame, and when the road surface inclines, the turnover plate deflects at the bottom end of the elastic supporting component. The elastic supporting component contracts upwards along the vertical direction under the pushing of the turnover plate, and the elasticity of the elastic supporting component ensures that the whole ball is always abutted to the ground. The cantilevers are arranged on the two sides of the rack, so that the interference on the discharging of the material box is avoided;

2. The material supplementing and the adaptation to the width of the paved road surface are realized through the discharging control mechanism, the waste is avoided, and particularly, the overturning driving assembly and the third rotary driver are electrically connected with the controller. The third rotary driver is a servo motor provided with a speed reducer. When the material needs to be discharged, the controller sends a signal to the overturning driving assembly, and the overturning driving assembly drives the material box to rotate and incline around the hinged position of the front end of the material box and the rack, so that the material flows to the opening end, and the discharging speed is controlled by adjusting the inclination angle. When the width of the material discharged by the discharging control mechanism needs to be adjusted to adapt to the width of the road surface, the controller sends a signal to the third rotary driver, and the third rotary driver drives the bidirectional screw to rotate after receiving the signal. The two-way screw rod enables the pair of second sliding blocks to move close to or away from each other, so that the pair of door leaves are driven to move close to or away from each other at the discharge hole of the end cover along the length direction, and the size of the discharge hole of the end cover is adjusted;

3. the telescopic adjusting mechanism is high in height adjusting accuracy of each mechanism on the paver, stable in structure and specific, the controller sends signals to the first rotary driver, the first rotary driver drives the transmission assembly to work after receiving the signals, the transmission assembly synchronously sends torque to the screw rod driving assemblies at the bottoms of the installation boxes, the installation frames are driven by the screw rod driving assemblies to perform linear motion in the direction perpendicular to the rack, and therefore the heights of the first walking mechanism, the second walking mechanism, the rolling mechanism and the paving mechanism relative to the rack are independently adjusted. Thereby the angle of adjusting the frame is in order to adapt to different slopes to guarantee that the frame is level all the time.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a second perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a right side view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the telescoping adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the detection mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of FIG. 8;

fig. 10 is a partial perspective view of the second embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numbers in the figures are:

1-a frame;

2-a telescopic adjusting mechanism; 2 a-an installation box; 2 b-a first rotary drive; 2 c-a transmission assembly; 2c 1-drive shaft; 2c 2-bevel gear pair; 2 d-a lead screw drive assembly; 2d 1-crane; 2d 2-lead screw; 2d3 — first slider; 2 e-a mounting frame;

3-a first travel mechanism; 3 a-a wheel; 3 b-axle; 3 c-a travelling crane drive assembly; 3c 1-pallet; 3c2 — second rotary drive; 3c3 — first synchronous wheel; 3c4 — second synchronizing wheel; 3c 5-synchronous belt;

4-a second running gear;

5-a detection mechanism; 5 a-a cantilever; 5 b-a fixing plate; 5 c-a resilient support member; 5c 1-movable plate; 5c 2-guide bar; 5c3 — first spring; 5c 4-first articulated seat; 5 d-turning over the board; 5 e-a second spring; 5 f-rolling frame; 5 g-balls; 5 h-distance sensor;

6-a rolling mechanism;

7-paving mechanism;

8-a material box;

9-a discharge control mechanism; 9 a-a tumble drive assembly; 9a 1-second articulated seat; 9a 2-hydraulic cylinder; 9 b-end cap; 9 c-a support plate; 9 d-bidirectional screw; 9 e-a third rotary drive; 9 f-second slider; 9 g-door leaf.

Detailed Description

The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a paver capable of automatically leveling is characterized by comprising a frame 1, a telescopic adjusting mechanism 2, a first traveling mechanism 3, a second traveling mechanism 4, a detection mechanism 5, a rolling mechanism 6, a paving mechanism 7, a material box 8 and a discharge control mechanism 9;

the four groups of telescopic adjusting mechanisms 2 are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the rack 1 along the length direction of the rack 1, and the working direction of the telescopic adjusting mechanisms is vertically downward for adjusting the heights of the first travelling mechanism 3, the second travelling mechanism 4, the rolling mechanism 6 and the paving mechanism 7 relative to the bottom of the rack 1;

the first travelling mechanism 3 is arranged at the bottom of the rack 1 and close to the bottom working end of the second group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms 2 in the advancing direction of the rack 1, and is used for supporting and driving the equipment to move integrally;

The second travelling mechanism 4 is arranged at the bottom of the rack 1 and close to the working end of the bottom of the third group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms 2 in the advancing direction of the rack 1, and is used for supporting the whole equipment to move;

the detection mechanisms 5 are provided with a pair of detection mechanisms, are symmetrically arranged at the front end of the frame 1, extend forwards and are grounded, and are used for detecting the gradient change of the road in advance;

the rolling mechanism 6 is arranged at the bottom of the frame 1 and close to the bottom working end of the first group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms 2 in the advancing direction of the frame 1 and is used for rolling the road surface in advance;

the spreading mechanism 7 is arranged at the bottom working end of the fourth group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms 2 close to the advancing direction of the rack 1 at the bottom of the rack 1 and is used for spreading materials to be spread on the road surface;

the material box 8 is hinged to the upper end of the rack 1 and used for loading and flattening materials;

one end of the discharging control mechanism 9 is installed on the frame 1, and the other end is installed at the opening at the front end of the material box 8 to control the discharging of the material box 8.

The telescopic adjusting mechanism 2, the first walking mechanism 3, the detection mechanism 5, the paving mechanism 7 and the discharging control mechanism 9 are all electrically connected with the controller. The working ends of the first travelling mechanism 3 or the second travelling mechanism 4 are respectively used as a front wheel and a rear wheel of the paver to support the whole equipment. At least one set of drive structures is provided on the first running gear 3 and the second running gear 4, whereby a forward drive, a backward drive or a four-drive configuration can be provided. The rolling mechanism 6 is a rolling roller arranged at the bottom of the first group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms 2. The paving mechanism 7 is a common paving structure combining a vibrator and a paver, and is not described herein. The rack 1 is also provided with a level gauge for auxiliary monitoring of levelness, which is not shown in the figure. The controller controls the paver to move along the linear direction through the first travelling mechanism 3 and the second travelling mechanism 4. The bottom end of the detection mechanism 5 is adaptively grounded under the action of elastic force in the moving process. When the gradient changes, the bottom end of the detection mechanism 5 is overturned, the detection mechanism 5 sends the inclination data to the controller, and the controller accurately controls the telescopic adjusting mechanisms 2 of the first walking mechanism 3, the second walking mechanism 4, the rolling mechanism 6 and the paving mechanism 7 to be independently telescopic according to the signal so as to adapt to the inclination of the working end of the detection mechanism 5. And the stretching adjusting mechanism 2 where the paving mechanism 7 is located is properly retracted according to the preset paving thickness data, so that the flattening thickness is guaranteed. Therefore, the paver can realize self-adaptive automatic leveling. In the moving process of the paver, the rolling mechanism 6 firstly levels the road surface, and then after the first traveling mechanism 3 and the second traveling mechanism 4 drive through, the paver 7 vibrates and levels the paver. The material box 8 is controlled by the discharging control mechanism 9 to supplement and level the pavement. The discharging speed and the width of the material box 8 are controlled by the discharging control mechanism 9, so that the speed can be conveniently adjusted, and the material box can be suitable for pavements with different widths.

As shown in fig. 5, the telescopic adjusting mechanism 2 includes an installation box 2a, a first rotary driver 2b, a transmission assembly 2c, a screw rod driving assembly 2d and an installation frame 2 e;

a pair of mounting boxes 2a symmetrically mounted on both sides of the bottom width direction of the frame 1 for mounting a first rotary driver 2b and a transmission assembly 2 c;

the first rotary driver 2b is fixed on any installation box 2a of each group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms 2 and used for driving the transmission assembly 2c to work;

two ends of the transmission assembly 2c are rotatably connected with the pair of installation boxes 2a of each group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms 2 at the same time, and are also fixedly connected with the input end of each lead screw driving assembly 2d, so that the torque of the first rotary driver 2b is synchronously applied to the lead screw driving assemblies 2d on the pair of installation boxes 2 a;

the screw rod driving assembly 2d is fixed at the bottom of the installation box 2a, is vertically arranged in the working direction and is used for driving the installation frame 2e to vertically move;

and the mounting frame 2e is fixed on the working end of the screw rod driving component 2 d.

The first traveling mechanism 3, the second traveling mechanism 4, the rolling mechanism 6 and the paving mechanism 7 are fixedly connected with mounting frames 2e of the first group to the fourth group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms 2 at the bottom of the frame 1 respectively, and the mounting frames 2e play a role in supporting. The first rotary driver 2b is a servo motor electrically connected to the controller. The controller sends a signal to the first rotary driver 2b, the first rotary driver 2b drives the transmission assembly 2c to work after receiving the signal, the transmission assembly 2c synchronously sends torque to the screw rod driving assemblies 2d at the bottoms of the pair of installation boxes 2a, and the screw rod driving assemblies 2d drive the installation frames 2e to do linear motion in the direction perpendicular to the rack 1, so that the heights of the first travelling mechanism 3, the second travelling mechanism 4, the rolling mechanism 6 and the paving mechanism 7 relative to the rack 1 are independently adjusted. Thereby adjust the angle of frame 1 in order to adapt to different slopes to guarantee that frame 1 is level all the time.

As shown in fig. 6, the transmission assembly 2c includes a transmission shaft 2c1 and a bevel gear pair 2c 2;

two ends of the transmission shaft 2c1 are respectively rotatably connected with the pair of installation boxes 2a of each group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms 2, and one end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the first rotary driver 2 b;

the bevel gear pair 2c2 has a pair, one end of which is sleeved on the transmission shaft 2c1, and the other end of which is fixedly connected with the top end of the lead screw driving component 2d, so as to synchronously transmit the torque of the transmission shaft 2c1 to the pair of lead screw driving components 2 d.

The controller sends a signal to the first rotary driver 2b, the first rotary driver 2b receives the signal and drives the transmission shaft 2c1 to rotate, and the transmission shaft 2c1 simultaneously drives the pair of bevel gear pairs 2c2 to work, so that the torque is transmitted to the pair of lead screw driving assemblies 2d of the telescopic adjusting mechanism 2 after being rotated by ninety degrees.

As shown in fig. 6, the lead screw driving assembly 2d includes a lifting frame 2d1, a lead screw 2d2 and a first slide block 2d 3;

the lifting frame 2d1 is fixed at the bottom end of the installation box 2a, is provided with a guide post for guiding the first slide block 2d3 and is used for guiding and limiting the movement of the first slide block 2d 3;

two ends of the screw rod 2d2 are respectively rotatably connected with the top end and the bottom end of the lifting frame 2d1, and one end of the screw rod is also fixedly connected with the output end of the transmission component 2c and used for driving the first slide block 2d3 to move;

The first sliding block 2d3 is in clearance fit with the lifting frame 2d1 and is in threaded connection with the lead screw 2d2 to drive the mounting frame 2e to do linear telescopic motion.

The transmission assembly 2c transmits torque to the lead screw 2d2 to rotate the lead screw 2d 2. Under the driving action of the lead screw 2d2 and the guiding action of the lifting frame 2d1, the first slide block 2d3 drives the mounting frame 2e to make linear displacement along the axial direction of the lead screw 2d 2.

As shown in fig. 4 and 7, each of the first and

second traveling mechanisms

3 and 4 includes a wheel 3a, an axle 3b, and a traveling drive assembly 3 c;

the wheels 3a are fixed at two ends of the axle 3b and used for supporting the paver to walk;

an axle 3b, both ends of which are rotatably connected with the bottom ends of the telescopic adjusting mechanisms 2 where the first travelling mechanism 3 and the second travelling mechanism 4 are located, for enabling a pair of wheels 3a at both ends to synchronously rotate;

the first traveling mechanism 3 further comprises a traveling crane driving component 3c for providing traveling driving force, and the output end of the traveling crane driving component 3c is fixedly connected with the axle 3b of the first traveling mechanism 3.

The traveling crane driving assembly 3c is electrically connected with the controller. The controller sends a signal to the travelling crane driving component 3c, and the travelling crane driving component 3c drives the axle 3b of the first travelling mechanism 3 to rotate, so as to drive the pair of wheels 3a at the two ends of the first travelling mechanism to rotate, and further drive the paver to move.

As shown in fig. 7, the traveling crane driving assembly 3c includes a supporting plate 3c1, a second rotary driver 3c2, a first synchronizing wheel 3c3, a second synchronizing wheel 3c4, and a synchronizing belt 3c 5;

a supporting plate 3c1 horizontally fixed between the working ends of the telescopic adjustment mechanism 2 where the first traveling mechanism 3 is located, for supporting the second rotary driver 3c 2;

a second rotary driver 3c2 mounted on the tray 3c 1;

a first synchronous wheel 3c3 sleeved on an output shaft of the second rotary driver 3c 2;

a second synchronizing wheel 3c4 fitted around the axle 3b of the first travel mechanism 3;

two ends of the synchronous belt 3c5 are respectively connected with the first synchronous wheel 3c3 and the second synchronous wheel 3c4 in a transmission manner, so as to synchronize the torque of the first synchronous wheel 3c3 to the second synchronous wheel 3c 4.

The second rotary actuator 3c2 is a servomotor with a speed reducer attached thereto and electrically connected to the controller. The controller sends a signal to the second rotary driver 3c2, the second rotary driver 3c2 receives the signal and then drives the first synchronizing wheel 3c3 to rotate, the torque of the first synchronizing wheel 3c3 is synchronously sent to the second synchronizing wheel 3c4 by the synchronizing belt 3c5, then the axle 3b of the first traveling mechanism 3 is driven to rotate, and the axle 3b drives the pair of wheels 3a at the two ends to rotate, so that the whole paver is driven to displace.

As shown in fig. 8, the detecting mechanism 5 includes a cantilever 5a, a fixed plate 5b, an elastic supporting component 5c, a turning plate 5d, a second spring 5e, a rolling frame 5f, a ball 5g and a distance sensor 5 h;

a pair of cantilevers 5a fixed at the front end of the frame 1 and extending forward to fix the fixing plate 5 b;

a fixing plate 5b fixed at the bottom end of the cantilever 5 a;

the elastic supporting component 5c is in clearance fit with the fixed plate 5b along the vertical direction and is used for fixing the turnover plate 5 d;

a turnover plate 5d rotatably mounted on the elastic support member 5 c;

the second spring 5e is arranged between the turnover plate 5d and the bottom end of the elastic supporting component 5c and used for keeping the turnover plate 5d horizontal under the state of being only subjected to gravity;

a plurality of rolling frames 5f which are uniformly distributed at the bottom end of the turnover plate 5d and used for installing the balls 5 g;

the ball 5g is in rolling connection with the groove at the bottom end of the rolling frame 5f and is used for reducing the friction force between the bottom end of the detection mechanism 5 and the ground;

and a pair of distance sensors 5h fixed at the bottom end of the elastic support component 5c and facing the turnover plate 5d for monitoring the rotation angle of the turnover plate 5 d.

The distance sensor 5h is a distance sensor electrically connected to the controller. A pair of distance sensor 5h sets up respectively at the both ends of returning face plate 5d, and when returning face plate 5d was in the horizontality, the one end distance sensor 5h of elastic support subassembly 5c bottom was the same from the distance of returning face plate 5d, then the difference appears when returning face plate 5d takes place to deflect. The controller judges the inclination angle according to the signal sent by the elastic supporting component 5c and amplifies the inclination angle in proportion to adjust the whole length of the telescopic adjusting mechanism 2, so that the frame 1 of the spreading machine is kept horizontal all the time. The original sliding friction is changed into rolling friction by the ball 5g, so that the friction force is reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged. The ball 5g pushes the turnover plate 5d through the rolling frame 5f, and when the road surface is inclined, the turnover plate 5d deflects at the bottom end of the elastic supporting component 5 c. The elastic supporting component 5c contracts upwards along the vertical direction under the pushing of the turnover plate 5d, and the elasticity of the elastic supporting component 5c ensures that the whole ball 5g is always abutted against the ground. The cantilevers 5a are arranged on the two sides of the machine frame 1, so that the discharge of the material box 8 cannot be interfered.

As shown in fig. 9, the elastic support assembly 5c includes a movable plate 5c1, a guide rod 5c2, a first spring 5c3 and a first hinge seat 5c 4;

a movable plate 5c1 movably mounted below the fixed plate 5 b;

four guide rods 5c2 vertically mounted on the top end of the movable plate 5c1 around the axis of the movable plate 5c1, and in clearance fit with the fixed plate 5b for limiting and guiding the movement of the movable plate 5c 1;

a first spring 5c3 sleeved on the guide rod 5c2 and interposed between the fixed plate 5b and the movable plate 5c1 for tightly abutting against the upper end of the movable plate 5c1 so as to ensure that the bottom end of the detecting mechanism 5 is grounded;

the first hinge seats 5c4, having a pair, are symmetrically installed at the bottom end of the movable plate 5c1 for hinging the rotating shafts at the two ends of the turnover plate 5 d.

The distance sensors 5h are installed at both ends of the movable plate 5c1 and face the flipping plate 5d vertically downward. When the bottom end of the detecting mechanism 5 is pressed by the bottom surface, the movable plate 5c1 moves vertically upward along the guide rod 5c2, and the first spring 5c3 makes the movable plate 5c1 have a downward returning force, thereby ensuring that the bottom end of the detecting mechanism 5 is always grounded. The flipping panel 5d is fixedly installed by the first hinge seat 5c4 such that the flipping panel 5d can be rotated on the flipping panel 5 d.

As shown in fig. 2 and 10, the discharging control mechanism 9 includes a turning drive assembly 9a, an end cover 9b, a support plate 9c, a bidirectional screw 9d, a third rotary driver 9e, a second slider 9f and a door leaf 9 g;

The turnover driving assemblies 9a are provided with a pair of turnover driving assemblies, are symmetrically arranged on the rack 1, and the output ends of the turnover driving assemblies are hinged with shafts at two sides of the material box 8 so as to drive the material box 8 to turn over on the rack 1;

the end cover 9b is fixedly arranged on the opening at the front end of the overturning driving component 9a and is horizontally provided with a discharge hole;

a pair of support plates 9c, which are symmetrically provided with both sides of the discharge hole of the end cover 9b and are arranged in parallel with each other;

two ends of the bidirectional screw rod 9d are rotatably connected with the pair of support plates 9c, are in threaded connection with the second slide blocks 9f, and are used for driving the pair of second slide blocks 9f to synchronously approach or depart from each other;

the third rotary driver 9e is arranged on the supporting plate 9c, and an output shaft is fixedly connected with the end part of the bidirectional screw rod 9d and used for driving the bidirectional screw rod 9d to rotate;

a second slider 9f having a pair, symmetrically screw-linked with the bidirectional screw 9 d;

and the door leaf 9g is vertically arranged on the second sliding block 9f and is in sliding connection with the discharge hole of the end cover 9b, and the moving direction of the door leaf is arranged along the length direction of the discharge hole of the end cover 9 b.

The overturning driving assembly 9a and the third rotary driver 9e are both electrically connected with the controller. The third rotary actuator 9e is a servo motor with a speed reducer mounted thereon. When the material needs to be discharged, the controller sends a signal to the overturning driving assembly 9a, the overturning driving assembly 9a drives the material box 8 to rotate and incline around the hinged position of the front end of the material box and the rack 1, so that the material flows to the opening end, and the discharging speed is controlled by adjusting the inclination angle. When the discharging width of the discharging control mechanism 9 needs to be adjusted to adapt to the width of the road surface, the controller sends a signal to the third rotary driver 9e, and the third rotary driver 9e receives the signal and then drives the bidirectional screw rod 9d to rotate. The two-way screw 9d makes the pair of second sliders 9f move close to or away from each other, so as to drive the pair of door leaves 9g to move close to or away from each other along the length direction at the discharge hole of the end cover 9b, thereby adjusting the size of the discharge hole of the end cover 9 b.

As shown in fig. 10, the tilting drive assembly 9a includes a second hinge seat 9a1 and a hydraulic cylinder 9a 2;

a pair of second hinged seats 9a1 fixed on the frame 1 and positioned at two sides of the feed box 8 and near the rear end of the feed box 8;

and one end of the hydraulic cylinder 9a2 is hinged with the second hinge seat 9a1, and the other end is hinged with shafts at two sides of the feed box 8, so as to drive the feed box 8 to turn.

The hydraulic cylinder 9a2 is electrically connected to the controller. The controller sends a signal to the hydraulic cylinder 9a2, and the hydraulic cylinder 9a2 drives the material box 8 to turn over under the hinging action of the second hinging seat 9a1, so that the material is poured out.

The device realizes the functions of the invention through the following steps, thereby solving the technical problems provided by the invention:

step one, the controller controls the paver to move in the linear direction through the first traveling mechanism 3 and the second traveling mechanism 4. The bottom end of the detection mechanism 5 is grounded in a self-adaptive manner under the action of elasticity in the moving process;

and step two, when the gradient changes, the bottom end of the detection mechanism 5 overturns, the detection mechanism 5 sends the inclination data to the controller, and the controller accurately controls the telescopic adjusting mechanisms 2 for fixing the first travelling mechanism 3, the second travelling mechanism 4, the rolling mechanism 6 and the paving mechanism 7 to independently stretch according to the signal so as to adapt to the inclination of the working end of the detection mechanism 5. And the stretching adjusting mechanism 2 where the paving mechanism 7 is located is properly retracted according to the preset paving thickness data, so that the flattening thickness is guaranteed. Thus, the paver can realize self-adaptive automatic leveling;

Thirdly, in the moving process of the paver, the rolling mechanism 6 firstly levels the pavement;

step four, after the first traveling mechanism 3 and the second traveling mechanism 4 drive through, the spreading mechanism 7 carries out vibration spreading on the spreading materials;

and step five, controlling the material box 8 to supplement and level the pavement through the discharging control mechanism 9. The discharging speed and the width of the material box 8 are controlled by the discharging control mechanism 9, so that the speed can be conveniently adjusted, and the material box can be suitable for pavements with different widths.

The foregoing has described the general principles, principal features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A paver capable of automatically leveling is characterized by comprising a frame (1), a telescopic adjusting mechanism (2), a first walking mechanism (3), a second walking mechanism (4), a detection mechanism (5), a rolling mechanism (6), a paving mechanism (7), a material box (8) and a discharging control mechanism (9);

The four groups of telescopic adjusting mechanisms (2) are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the rack (1) along the length direction of the rack (1), and the working direction of the telescopic adjusting mechanisms is vertically downward for adjusting the heights of the first travelling mechanism (3), the second travelling mechanism (4), the rolling mechanism (6) and the paving mechanism (7) relative to the bottom of the rack (1);

the first travelling mechanism (3) is arranged at the bottom of the rack (1) and close to the bottom working end of the second group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms (2) in the advancing direction of the rack (1) and is used for supporting and driving the equipment to move integrally;

the second travelling mechanism (4) is arranged at the bottom of the rack (1) and close to the bottom working end of the third group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms (2) in the advancing direction of the rack (1) and is used for supporting the whole equipment to move;

the detection mechanisms (5) are provided with a pair of detection mechanisms, are symmetrically arranged at the front end of the frame (1), extend forwards and are grounded, and are used for detecting the gradient change of the road in advance;

the rolling mechanism (6) is arranged at the bottom working end of the first group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms (2) close to the advancing direction of the frame (1) at the bottom of the frame (1) and is used for rolling the road surface in advance;

the spreading mechanism (7) is arranged at the bottom working end of the fourth group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms (2) close to the advancing direction of the rack (1) at the bottom of the rack (1) and is used for spreading materials to be spread on the road surface;

The material box (8) is hinged to the upper end of the rack (1) and used for loading and flattening materials;

one end of the discharging control mechanism (9) is arranged on the rack (1), and the other end of the discharging control mechanism is arranged at an opening at the front end of the material box (8) and used for controlling the material box (8) to discharge;

the detection mechanism (5) comprises a cantilever (5 a), a fixed plate (5 b), an elastic support component (5 c), a turnover plate (5 d), a second spring (5 e), a rolling frame (5 f), a ball (5 g) and a distance sensor (5 h);

a pair of cantilevers (5 a) fixed at the front end of the frame (1) and extending forward for fixing the fixing plate (5 b);

a fixing plate (5 b) fixed to the bottom end of the cantilever (5 a);

the elastic supporting component (5 c) is in clearance fit with the fixed plate (5 b) along the vertical direction and is used for fixing the turnover plate (5 d);

a turnover plate (5 d) rotatably mounted on the elastic support component (5 c);

the second spring (5 e) is arranged between the turnover plate (5 d) and the bottom end of the elastic supporting component (5 c) and used for keeping the turnover plate (5 d) horizontal in a state of being only subjected to gravity;

the rolling frames (5 f) are provided with a plurality of rolling frames which are uniformly distributed at the bottom end of the turnover plate (5 d) and used for installing the balls (5 g);

The ball (5 g) is in rolling connection with the groove at the bottom end of the rolling frame (5 f) and is used for reducing the friction force between the bottom end of the detection mechanism (5) and the ground;

and the distance sensors (5 h) are provided with a pair of distance sensors, are fixed at the bottom end of the elastic supporting component (5 c) and face the turnover plate (5 d) and are used for monitoring the rotating angle of the turnover plate (5 d).

2. The automatic leveling paver of claim 1 wherein the telescopic adjustment mechanism (2) comprises an installation box (2 a), a first rotary driver (2 b), a transmission assembly (2 c), a screw drive assembly (2 d) and an installation frame (2 e);

the mounting boxes (2 a) are provided with a pair of mounting boxes, are symmetrically mounted at two sides of the width direction of the bottom of the rack (1) and are used for mounting the first rotary driver (2 b) and the transmission component (2 c);

the first rotary driver (2 b) is fixed on any installation box (2 a) of each group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms (2) and used for driving the transmission assembly (2 c) to work;

the two ends of the transmission component (2 c) are simultaneously in rotating connection with the pair of installation boxes (2 a) of each group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms (2), and are also fixedly connected with the input end of each lead screw driving component (2 d) so as to synchronously transmit the torque of the first rotary driver (2 b) to the lead screw driving components (2 d) on the pair of installation boxes (2 a);

The screw rod driving assembly (2 d) is fixed at the bottom of the mounting box (2 a), is vertically arranged in the working direction and is used for driving the mounting frame (2 e) to vertically move;

and the mounting rack (2 e) is fixed on the working end of the screw rod driving component (2 d).

3. The automatic leveling paver of claim 2 characterized in that the transmission assembly (2 c) comprises a transmission shaft (2 c 1) and a bevel gear pair (2 c 2);

two ends of the transmission shaft (2 c 1) are respectively and rotatably connected with a pair of installation boxes (2 a) of each group of telescopic adjusting mechanisms (2), and one end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the first rotary driver (2 b);

the bevel gear pair (2 c 2) is provided with a pair of bevel gear pairs, one end of each bevel gear pair is sleeved on the transmission shaft (2 c 1), and the other end of each bevel gear pair is fixedly connected with the top end of the corresponding lead screw driving assembly (2 d) and used for synchronously transmitting the torque of the transmission shaft (2 c 1) to the pair of lead screw driving assemblies (2 d).

4. The automatic leveling paver of claim 2, characterized in that the screw drive assembly (2 d) comprises a crane (2 d 1), a screw (2 d 2) and a first slide block (2 d 3);

the lifting frame (2 d 1) is fixed at the bottom end of the installation box (2 a), is provided with a guide post for guiding the first sliding block (2 d 3) and is used for guiding and limiting the movement of the first sliding block (2 d 3);

The two ends of the lead screw (2 d 2) are respectively rotatably connected with the top end and the bottom end of the lifting frame (2 d 1), and one end of the lead screw is also fixedly connected with the output end of the transmission component (2 c) and used for driving the first sliding block (2 d 3) to move;

the first sliding block (2 d 3) is in clearance fit with the lifting frame (2 d 1) and is in threaded connection with the lead screw (2 d 2) to drive the mounting frame (2 e) to do telescopic motion in the linear direction.

5. The automatic leveling paver of claim 1 wherein the first running gear (3) and the second running gear (4) each comprise a wheel (3 a), an axle (3 b) and a travelling drive assembly (3 c);

wheels (3 a) fixed at two ends of the axle (3 b) for supporting the paver to walk;

the two ends of the axle (3 b) are rotatably connected with the bottom ends of the telescopic adjusting mechanisms (2) where the first walking mechanism (3) and the second walking mechanism (4) are located, so that a pair of wheels (3 a) at the two ends can synchronously rotate;

the first traveling mechanism (3) further comprises a traveling crane driving component (3 c) used for providing traveling driving force, and the output end of the traveling crane driving component (3 c) is fixedly connected with an axle (3 b) of the first traveling mechanism (3).

6. The automatic leveling paver of claim 5, characterized in that the travelling drive assembly (3 c) comprises a pallet (3 c 1), a second rotary drive (3 c 2), a first synchronizing wheel (3 c 3), a second synchronizing wheel (3 c 4), and a timing belt (3 c 5);

The supporting plate (3 c 1) is horizontally fixed between the working ends of the telescopic adjusting mechanisms (2) where the first travelling mechanism (3) is located and used for supporting the second rotary driver (3 c 2);

a second rotary driver (3 c 2) mounted on the pallet (3 c 1);

a first synchronous wheel (3 c 3) sleeved on the output shaft of the second rotary driver (3 c 2);

a second synchronizing wheel (3 c 4) that is fitted around the axle (3 b) of the first travel mechanism (3);

and two ends of the synchronous belt (3 c 5) are in transmission connection with the first synchronous wheel (3 c 3) and the second synchronous wheel (3 c 4) respectively, so that the torque of the first synchronous wheel (3 c 3) is synchronized to the second synchronous wheel (3 c 4).

7. The self-leveling paver of claim 1, characterized in that the elastic support assembly (5 c) comprises a flap (5 c 1), a guide bar (5 c 2), a first spring (5 c 3) and a first articulated seat (5 c 4);

a movable plate (5 c 1) movably mounted below the fixed plate (5 b);

four guide rods (5 c 2) are vertically arranged at the top end of the movable plate (5 c 1) around the axis of the movable plate (5 c 1) and are in clearance fit with the fixed plate (5 b) so as to limit and guide the movement of the movable plate (5 c 1);

The first spring (5 c 3) is sleeved on the guide rod (5 c 2) and is arranged between the fixed plate (5 b) and the movable plate (5 c 1) to tightly abut against the upper end of the movable plate (5 c 1) so as to ensure that the bottom end of the detection mechanism (5) is grounded;

a pair of first hinge seats (5 c 4) symmetrically installed at the bottom end of the movable plate (5 c 1) for hinging the rotating shafts at the two ends of the turnover plate (5 d).

8. The automatic leveling paver of claim 1 wherein the discharge control mechanism (9) comprises a turnover drive assembly (9 a), an end cover (9 b), a support plate (9 c), a bidirectional screw (9 d), a third rotary driver (9 e), a second slide block (9 f) and a door leaf (9 g);

the turnover driving assemblies (9 a) are provided with a pair of turnover driving assemblies, are symmetrically arranged on the rack (1), and the output ends of the turnover driving assemblies are hinged with shafts at two sides of the material box (8) and are used for driving the material box (8) to turn over on the rack (1);

the end cover (9 b) is fixedly arranged on the opening at the front end of the turnover driving component (9 a) and is horizontally provided with a discharge hole;

a pair of support plates (9 c) which are symmetrically provided with two sides of the discharge hole of the end cover (9 b) and are arranged in parallel;

two ends of the two-way screw rod (9 d) are rotationally connected with the pair of supporting plates (9 c) and are in threaded connection with the second sliding blocks (9 f) so as to drive the pair of second sliding blocks (9 f) to synchronously approach or depart from each other;

The third rotary driver (9 e) is arranged on the supporting plate (9 c), and an output shaft is fixedly connected with the end part of the bidirectional screw rod (9 d) and used for driving the bidirectional screw rod (9 d) to rotate;

a second slide block (9 f) which is provided with a pair of slide blocks and symmetrically linked with the bidirectional screw rod (9 d) in a threaded manner;

and the door leaf (9 g) is vertically arranged on the second sliding block (9 f) and is in sliding connection with the discharge hole of the end cover (9 b), and the moving direction is arranged along the length direction of the discharge hole of the end cover (9 b).

9. The self-leveling paver of claim 8, characterized in that the tilting drive assembly (9 a) comprises a second articulated seat (9 a 1) and a hydraulic cylinder (9 a 2);

the second hinged seats (9 a 1) are provided with a pair, are fixed on the frame (1), are positioned at two sides of the feed box (8) and are arranged close to the rear end of the feed box (8);

and one end of the hydraulic cylinder (9 a 2) is hinged with the second hinged seat (9 a 1), and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged with shafts at two sides of the feed box (8) so as to drive the feed box (8) to turn.