CN111959345A - Battery state monitoring circuit, method, device and system and vehicle - Google Patents

Battery state monitoring circuit, method, device and system and vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111959345A
CN111959345A CN202010718826.7A CN202010718826A CN111959345A CN 111959345 A CN111959345 A CN 111959345A CN 202010718826 A CN202010718826 A CN 202010718826A CN 111959345 A CN111959345 A CN 111959345A
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China
Prior art keywords
battery
voltage
module
monitoring
monitoring circuit
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CN202010718826.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
颜广博
郑河星
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Svolt Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Svolt Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202010718826.7A priority Critical patent/CN111959345A/en
Publication of CN111959345A publication Critical patent/CN111959345A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/023—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a battery state monitoring circuit, a battery state monitoring method, a battery state monitoring device, a battery state monitoring system and a vehicle, which are used for comprehensively monitoring the battery state in real time with low power consumption so as to reduce the risk of thermal runaway faults of batteries. The circuit state monitoring circuit includes: the device comprises a resistor-capacitor timing module, a voltage monitoring module and a wake-up module, wherein the voltage monitoring module is electrically connected with the resistor-capacitor timing module; the voltage monitoring module is used for monitoring whether the voltage state of the battery is abnormal or not, and the awakening module is used for awakening the battery management system.

Description

Battery state monitoring circuit, method, device and system and vehicle
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to battery management technologies, and in particular, to a battery state monitoring circuit, method, device, system, and vehicle.
Background
With the increase of energy density of batteries, safety problems in new energy industry are increasingly prominent, for example, a battery thermal runaway fault is the biggest harm to an electric automobile/an energy storage system. Regarding the thermal runaway fault of the battery, the main reason is that lithium dendrite occurs in the battery to cause internal short circuit and external short circuit of the battery, which is mainly characterized in that an SEI (Solid Electrolyte Interface) film of a negative electrode of the battery is dissolved, and components contained in the negative electrode and the negative electrode directly undergo an exothermic reaction with an Electrolyte, so that the internal temperature rises sharply, and the battery is ignited and exploded. The occurrence of the battery thermal runaway event brings great personal safety threat to users, passengers and surrounding pedestrians of the electric automobile/energy storage equipment, so how to predict and detect the occurrence of the battery thermal runaway event to protect the safety of the users, the passengers and the surrounding pedestrians is a key point and a difficult point of the electric automobile/energy storage industry.
In the prior art, a BMS (Battery Management System) is a core component of a Battery energy storage System, and can dynamically detect voltage, current, temperature, insulation resistance, etc. of a Battery, and perform functions such as state estimation, Battery equalization Management, thermal Management, contactor control, fault diagnosis, alarm, etc. on the Battery according to the detected data. In the practical application process, the working conditions of detecting and predicting the battery state are divided into two types according to the use working conditions of the electric automobile/energy storage system: one is an operating condition and the other is a sleep condition. For the operating condition, the BMS can monitor the battery state in real time, further detect and predict whether the battery has thermal runaway faults, and adopt means such as warning to ensure the safety of users, passengers and surrounding pedestrians. Under the dormancy operating mode, adopt at present and wake up the strategy regularly, BMS can awaken up once at a period of time promptly, gathers battery data to whether detect the battery and take place the thermal runaway trouble. The problem that can not monitor battery thermal runaway trouble under the dormancy state has been solved like this partially, nevertheless can not carry out full-time monitoring to the battery state, awakens the interval period at BMS in addition, under electric automobile/energy storage system dormancy and BMS dormancy state promptly, still has the risk that thermal runaway trouble takes place and can't detect out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a battery state monitoring circuit, a battery state monitoring method, a battery state monitoring device, a battery state monitoring system and a vehicle, which are used for comprehensively monitoring the battery state in real time with low power consumption so as to reduce the risk of thermal runaway faults of batteries.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a battery state monitoring circuit, including:
the device comprises a resistor-capacitor timing module, a voltage monitoring module and a wake-up module, wherein the voltage monitoring module is electrically connected with the resistor-capacitor timing module;
the voltage monitoring module is used for monitoring whether the voltage state of the battery is abnormal or not, and the awakening module is used for awakening the battery management system.
Optionally, the voltage monitoring module includes a front-end acquisition chip, and the front-end acquisition chip is used for acquiring battery voltage information.
Optionally, the voltage monitoring module includes a comparator, and the comparator is configured to trigger an output end of the comparator to output a high level when the input voltage at the first input end is greater than the input voltage at the second input end; and when the input voltage of the first input end is less than the input voltage of the second input end, triggering the output end of the comparator to output a low level.
Optionally, the wake-up module includes a switch component, and the switch component outputs a wake-up signal when closed, so as to trigger a working circuit of the battery management system to be turned on.
A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a battery state monitoring method applied to a battery state monitoring circuit, the method including:
acquiring electrical signal parameters of the battery, wherein the electrical signal parameters comprise the voltage change rate of a sampling position of the battery state monitoring circuit within a preset time length;
and if the voltage change rate is larger than a preset voltage change rate threshold value, determining that the voltage state of the battery is abnormal.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and generating a wake-up signal, wherein the wake-up signal is used for triggering the conduction of a working circuit of the battery management system.
A third aspect of the present disclosure provides a battery condition monitoring device, the device comprising:
the battery state monitoring circuit comprises an acquisition module, a storage module and a control module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring electrical signal parameters of a battery, and the electrical signal parameters comprise the voltage change rate of a sampling position of the battery state monitoring circuit within a preset time length;
and the determining module is used for determining that the voltage state of the battery is abnormal when the voltage change rate is greater than a preset voltage change rate threshold value.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
the generation module is used for generating a wake-up signal, and the wake-up signal is used for triggering the conduction of a working circuit of the battery management system.
A fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides a battery management system including any one of the battery condition monitoring circuits provided in the first aspect of the present disclosure.
A fifth aspect of the present disclosure provides a battery management system comprising a battery status monitoring circuit as provided in the first aspect of the present disclosure, and a battery status monitoring device as provided in the third aspect of the present disclosure.
A sixth aspect of the present disclosure provides a vehicle including the motor controller as provided in the fourth or fifth aspect of the present disclosure.
According to the technical scheme, the battery state monitoring circuit comprises a resistor-capacitor timing module, a voltage monitoring module and a wake-up module. In the dormant state of the battery management system, the time is recorded through the resistor-capacitor timing module, the voltage monitoring module monitors and analyzes the voltage of the whole battery system, whether the voltage state of the battery is abnormal or not is judged, and if the voltage state of the battery is abnormal, the battery management system can be awakened through the awakening module so as to detect and confirm the state of the battery again and execute corresponding alarm operation. Above-mentioned simple circuit structure of low-power consumption can work under the battery management system dormancy state, can realize monitoring battery state at full time, has reduced because of BMS awakens the not in place risk that has thermal runaway fault detection to miss in interval monitoring, has improved the reliability of battery product.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a block diagram of a battery status monitoring circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a battery condition monitoring circuit of an exemplary embodiment provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a battery state monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a battery state monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a battery state monitoring circuit, a battery state monitoring method, a battery state monitoring device, a battery state monitoring system and a vehicle.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a battery status monitoring circuit according to an embodiment of the disclosure, and as shown in fig. 1, the battery status monitoring circuit 10 includes a resistor-capacitor timing module 11, a voltage monitoring module 12 electrically connected to the resistor-capacitor timing module 11, and a wake-up module 13 electrically connected to the voltage monitoring module 12. The voltage monitoring module 12 is configured to monitor whether the voltage state of the battery is abnormal, and the wake-up module 13 is configured to wake up the battery management system.
In one possible embodiment, the circuit connection relationship between the resistor-capacitor timing module 11, the voltage monitoring module 12 and the wake-up module 13 is shown in fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a battery state monitoring circuit according to an exemplary embodiment provided in the present disclosure, where the Resistor-capacitor timing module 11 is an RC circuit (Resistor-capacitor circuit), and a timing period obtained according to an RC circuit time constant calculation formula is (R1+ R2) × C ═ τ, so that time can be recorded; at the same time, the total voltage V across the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 is recorded by the capacitor CCThe recording of the history voltage can be realized.
Voltage monitoring module 12 may include a front-end acquisition chip for acquiring battery powerAnd (4) pressure information. The voltage monitoring module 12 may also perform diagnostic analysis on the acquired voltage information through a comparator circuit shown in fig. 2, specifically, the voltage monitoring module 12 includes a comparator, and the comparator is configured to trigger an output end of the comparator to output a high level when the input voltage of the first input end is greater than the input voltage of the second input end; and when the input voltage of the first input end is less than the input voltage of the second input end, the output end of the trigger comparator outputs low level. For example, defining the input IN + of the comparator as the first input and the input IN-as the second input, the comparator is used to compare the voltages V at the two inputs IN + according to the circuit connection relationship shown IN FIG. 2in+And IN-terminal voltage Vin-Comparing, if the voltage change state is normal, the IN + terminal voltage V is within the time tau from any timein+Not less than IN-terminal voltage Vin-I.e. VR4≥VR2The comparator outputs a high level; if the voltage change indicates that the thermal runaway fault occurs, the IN + terminal voltage V appearsin+< IN-terminal Voltage Vin-Phenomenon, i.e. when the time t is reached within a time τ from any timemOccurrence of VR4＝VR2＝VmElapsed time tmAfter that, V appearsR4＜VR2When the comparator outputs a low level.
The wake-up module 13 includes a switch component, and when the output end of the comparator outputs a low level, the switch component is closed and outputs a wake-up signal, and the wake-up signal can trigger the working circuit of the battery management system to be turned on. Exemplarily, as shown in fig. 2, the switch component includes a triode, a light emitting diode and an optocoupler switch, when the output end of the comparator outputs a low level, the light emitting diode branch is turned on, the optocoupler switch is closed, the I/O port of the MCU receives a 5V voltage signal, which is a wake-up signal, and the voltage signal can trigger the working circuit of the battery management system to be turned on.
By adopting the battery state monitoring circuit, in the dormant state of the battery management system, the time is recorded by the resistor-capacitor timing module, the voltage monitoring module monitors and analyzes the voltage of the whole battery system, whether the voltage state of the battery is abnormal or not is judged, and if the voltage state of the battery is abnormal, the battery management system can be awakened by the awakening module so as to detect and confirm the state of the battery again and execute corresponding alarm operation. Above-mentioned battery condition monitoring circuit only works under whole car dormancy state, and the circuit is simple, including only load, sampling divider resistance and the comparator of work at mu A level, through adjusting its magnitude of divider resistance value, can make this circuit work at mu A level work, can realize low-power consumption, full-time monitoring battery state, reduced because of BMS awakens the risk that interval period monitoring is not in place to have thermal runaway fault detection to neglect, improved the reliability of battery product.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a battery state monitoring method provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 3, the method includes the following steps:
and S31, acquiring the electric signal parameters of the battery, wherein the electric signal parameters comprise the voltage change rate of the sampling position of the battery state monitoring circuit within the preset time length.
The battery state monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the disclosure is applied to the battery state monitoring circuit provided by the embodiment. If the thermal runaway fault occurs in the electric vehicle/energy storage system, the phenomena of abnormal increase of voltage change rate, abnormal increase of heat generation and the like can occur, and the BMS can detect the occurrence of the fault, and is essentially used for acquiring and storing data such as cell voltage, temperature and the like and comparing the past value with the current value to judge whether the thermal runaway fault occurs. In the implementation process of the method, if the electric vehicle/energy storage system is in the operating condition, firstly, whether the battery has a thermal runaway fault is detected by the BMS, and when the BMS is in the sleep state, an electrical signal parameter of the battery is obtained by the battery state monitoring circuit, specifically, the electrical signal parameter includes a voltage change rate of a sampling position of the battery state monitoring circuit within a preset time duration, for example, the sampling position is a voltage at two ends of a resistor R4 shown in fig. 2, the preset time duration is a time constant τ of an RC circuit of the resistor-capacitor timing module 11, and then, a voltage change rate V at two ends of a resistor R4 is obtainedCR4The difference between the voltage Vt across resistor R4 at time t and the voltage Vt + τ across resistor R2 at time t + τ is divided by Vt.
And S32, if the voltage change rate is larger than the preset voltage change rate threshold value, determining that the battery voltage state is abnormal.
Illustratively, the preset voltage rate-of-change threshold is VNCRWhen V isCR4≤VNCRIt indicates that the voltage change rate is within the normal range if VCR4>VNCRIndicating that the voltage change rate is abnormal, a thermal runaway fault may exist.
Optionally, the battery state monitoring method further includes generating a wake-up signal after determining that the battery voltage state is abnormal, where the wake-up signal is used to trigger a working circuit of the battery management system to be turned on, and to reconfirm the battery state, and if a thermal runaway fault does occur, the BMS sends an alarm to prompt a user and a peripheral pedestrian to get away from each other, and reports data to the big data platform. If the thermal runaway fault is not detected, the vehicle can be kept in the dormant state continuously, so that the power consumption is reduced, and the vehicle endurance time is prolonged.
By adopting the method, under the dormant state of the battery system, historical voltage is recorded through the capacitor, time is recorded through the RC circuit, and the voltage of the whole battery system is diagnosed and analyzed through the comparator circuit, so that the current battery voltage state is judged. When the battery voltage change rate is abnormally increased, the battery management system is awakened, and the battery state is confirmed again. And a fault alarm is timely sent out before the thermal runaway of the battery occurs, so that the full-time detection of low power consumption is realized, and the reliability of the product is improved.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a battery status monitoring apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 4, the apparatus 400 includes an obtaining module 401 and a determining module 402. The obtaining module 401 is configured to obtain an electrical signal parameter of the battery, where the electrical signal parameter includes a voltage change rate of a sampling position of the battery state monitoring circuit within a preset time duration; the determining module 402 is configured to determine that the battery voltage state is abnormal when the voltage change rate is greater than a preset voltage change rate threshold.
Optionally, the apparatus 400 may further include a generation module configured to generate a wake-up signal, where the wake-up signal is used to trigger the operation circuit of the battery management system to conduct.
By adopting the device, under the dormant state of the battery system, the historical voltage is recorded through the capacitor, the time is recorded through the RC circuit, and the voltage of the whole battery system is diagnosed and analyzed through the comparator circuit so as to judge the current battery voltage state. When the battery voltage change rate is abnormally increased, the battery management system is awakened, and the battery state is confirmed again. And a fault alarm is timely sent out before the thermal runaway of the battery occurs, so that the full-time detection of low power consumption is realized, and the reliability of the product is improved.
Accordingly, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a battery management system, including the battery state monitoring circuit provided in any of the above-described embodiments.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the disclosure provides a battery management system, which comprises a battery state monitoring circuit and a battery state monitoring device.
The embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a vehicle, where the vehicle includes the battery management system provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and specific reference is made to the corresponding description above, and details are not repeated here.
With regard to the apparatus in the above-described embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs the operation has been described in detail in the embodiment related to the method, and will not be elaborated here.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations will not be separately described in this disclosure.
In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A battery condition monitoring circuit, comprising:
the device comprises a resistor-capacitor timing module, a voltage monitoring module and a wake-up module, wherein the voltage monitoring module is electrically connected with the resistor-capacitor timing module;
the voltage monitoring module is used for monitoring whether the voltage state of the battery is abnormal or not, and the awakening module is used for awakening the battery management system.
2. The battery condition monitoring circuit of claim 1, wherein the voltage monitoring module comprises a front-end acquisition chip for acquiring battery voltage information.
3. The battery state monitoring circuit according to claim 1, wherein the voltage monitoring module comprises a comparator, and the comparator is configured to trigger the output end of the comparator to output a high level when the input voltage at the first input end is greater than the input voltage at the second input end; and when the input voltage of the first input end is less than the input voltage of the second input end, triggering the output end of the comparator to output a low level.
4. The battery status monitoring circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wake-up module comprises a switch component, and when the switch component is closed, the switch component outputs a wake-up signal to trigger the conduction of the working circuit of the battery management system.
5. A battery state monitoring method applied to the battery state monitoring circuit according to claim 1, the method comprising:
acquiring electrical signal parameters of a battery, wherein the electrical signal parameters comprise a voltage change rate of a sampling position of the battery state monitoring circuit of claim 1 within a preset time period;
and if the voltage change rate is larger than a preset voltage change rate threshold value, determining that the voltage state of the battery is abnormal.
6. The battery condition monitoring method according to claim 5, further comprising:
and generating a wake-up signal, wherein the wake-up signal is used for triggering the conduction of a working circuit of the battery management system.
7. A battery condition monitoring device, the device comprising:
an acquisition module for acquiring electrical signal parameters of a battery, wherein the electrical signal parameters include a voltage change rate of the battery state monitoring circuit of claim 1 at a sampling position within a preset time period;
and the determining module is used for determining that the voltage state of the battery is abnormal when the voltage change rate is greater than a preset voltage change rate threshold value.
8. A battery management system comprising the battery condition monitoring circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
9. A battery management system comprising the battery state monitoring circuit according to claim 1, and the battery state monitoring device according to claim 7.
10. A vehicle characterized by comprising a battery management system according to claim 8 or 9.
CN202010718826.7A 2020-07-23 2020-07-23 Battery state monitoring circuit, method, device and system and vehicle Pending CN111959345A (en)

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