CN111953311A - Attenuator circuit and radio frequency front end architecture - Google Patents
Attenuator circuit and radio frequency front end architecture Download PDFInfo
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- CN111953311A CN111953311A CN202010812973.0A CN202010812973A CN111953311A CN 111953311 A CN111953311 A CN 111953311A CN 202010812973 A CN202010812973 A CN 202010812973A CN 111953311 A CN111953311 A CN 111953311A
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- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
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- H03H7/24—Frequency- independent attenuators
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Abstract
The present invention provides an attenuator circuit comprising: an input node; an output node; a first common attenuation module configured to attenuate a signal, a first end of the first common attenuation module being connected to the input node or the output node, a second end of the first common attenuation module being connected to a gate attenuation module; the gate attenuation module comprises an optional bypass branch and at least one attenuation branch, and the gate attenuation module is connected with the first common attenuation module in series, so that the parasitic capacitance of the attenuator circuit is effectively reduced, and the problem of poor attenuation performance caused by overlarge parasitic capacitance in the prior art is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radio frequency, in particular to an attenuator circuit and a radio frequency front end framework.
Background
In Radio Frequency (RF) electronic applications, the RF front-end technology is widely applied to remote sensing devices, wireless communication devices, radar devices, portable ultrasonic devices, and the like. Wherein attenuator circuitry is included within some radio frequency front end architectures for attenuating signals.
Fig. 1 shows an attenuator circuit applied to a radio frequency front end architecture in the prior art, which includes a bypass path and an attenuation path. Wherein, a branch path which does not pass through the attenuator, such as path 1 in fig. 1, is a bypass path; the branch paths that need to pass through the attenuator, such as paths 2, 3 and 4 in fig. 1, are attenuation paths.
However, in the process of attenuating a signal, when an input signal passes through any one path, an excessive parasitic capacitance is generated on the other path, and thus the attenuation performance of the attenuator circuit is not ideal due to the excessive parasitic capacitance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an attenuator circuit and a radio frequency front end architecture, which aim to solve the problem of poor attenuation performance caused by overlarge parasitic capacitance in the prior art.
The present invention is achieved by an attenuator circuit comprising:
an input node;
an output node;
a first common attenuation module configured to attenuate a signal, a first end of the first common attenuation module being connected to the input node or the output node, a second end of the first common attenuation module being connected to a gate attenuation module;
a gate attenuation module comprising an optional bypass branch and at least one attenuation branch, the gate attenuation module being connected in series with the first common attenuation module.
Optionally, the first common attenuation module includes a first common switch and a first common attenuator connected in series, a first end of the first common switch is connected to the input node or the output node, and a second end of the first common switch is connected to the first common attenuator.
Optionally, the output node and the input node are connected in series, and the output node and the input node are connected in series;
the gate attenuation module is connected in series with the second common attenuation module.
Optionally, the circuit further comprises a bypass switch, wherein a first end of the bypass switch is connected with the input node, and a second end of the bypass switch is connected with the output node.
Optionally, the bypass branch in the gate attenuation module includes a bypass unit;
each attenuation branch comprises an attenuation unit and a bypass unit, and the second end of the attenuation unit is connected with the first end of the bypass unit;
when the gate attenuation module comprises one attenuation branch, a common junction point between a first end of an attenuation unit in the attenuation branch and a first end of a bypass unit in the bypass branch is used as a first end of the gate attenuation module, and a common junction point between a second end of the bypass unit in the attenuation branch and a second end of the bypass unit in the bypass branch is used as a second end of the gate attenuation module;
when the gating attenuation module comprises N attenuation branches, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, a common junction point between a first end of an attenuation unit in a first attenuation branch and a first end of a bypass unit in a bypass branch is used as a first end of the gating attenuation module, and from a second attenuation branch, the first end of the attenuation unit in each attenuation branch is connected to a connection point of the attenuation unit and the bypass unit of the previous attenuation branch; and a common joint between the second ends of the bypass units of the N attenuation branches and the second ends of the bypass units in the bypass branches is used as the second end of the gated attenuation module.
Optionally, the bypass unit of the bypass branch and the bypass unit of the attenuation branch each comprise a switch.
Optionally, the attenuation unit of each attenuation branch comprises a branch switch and a branch attenuator connected in series;
the first end of the branch switch is used as the first end of the attenuation unit, the second end of the branch switch is connected with the first end of the branch attenuator, and the second end of the branch attenuator is used as the second end of the attenuation unit.
Optionally, the bypass branch in the gate attenuation module includes a bypass unit;
each attenuation branch comprises an attenuation unit and a bypass unit, wherein the second end of the attenuation unit is connected with the first end of the bypass unit of the attenuation branch;
the common junction point between the first end of the attenuation unit of the attenuation branch and the first end of the bypass unit of the bypass branch is used as the first end of the gating attenuation module, and the common junction point between the second end of the bypass unit of the attenuation branch and the second end of the bypass unit of the bypass branch is used as the second end of the gating attenuation module.
Optionally, the bypass unit of the bypass branch and the attenuation unit of the attenuation branch each include a switch.
Optionally, the attenuation unit comprises a branch switch and a branch attenuator connected in series;
the first end of the branch switch is used as the first end of the attenuation unit, the second end of the branch switch is connected with the first end of the branch attenuator, and the second end of the branch attenuator is used as the second end of the attenuation unit.
Optionally, the bypass branch in the gate attenuation module includes a bypass unit;
when the gating attenuation module comprises an attenuation branch, the attenuation branch comprises a first attenuation unit and a bypass unit, and the second end of the first attenuation unit is connected with the first end of the bypass unit; a common junction point between a first end of the first attenuation unit and a first end of a bypass unit in the bypass branch is used as a first end of the gating attenuation module, and a common junction point between a second end of the bypass unit in the attenuation branch and a second end of the bypass unit in the bypass branch is used as a second end of the gating attenuation module;
when the gate attenuation module comprises N attenuation branches, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and the N (N ═ 1, 2, 3 … …, N-1) attenuation branches comprise a first attenuation unit, a bypass unit and a second attenuation unit, wherein the second end of the first attenuation unit is connected with the first end of the bypass unit, and the second end of the bypass unit is connected with the first end of the second attenuation unit; a common junction point between a first end of a first attenuation unit in a first attenuation branch and a first end of a bypass unit in the bypass branch is used as a first end of the gating attenuation module, and a common junction point between a second end of a second attenuation unit in the first attenuation branch and a second end of the bypass unit in the bypass branch is used as a second end of the gating attenuation module; from the second attenuation branch, the first end of the first attenuation unit in each attenuation branch is connected to the connection point of the first attenuation unit and the bypass unit of the previous attenuation branch, and the second end of the second attenuation unit in each attenuation branch is connected to the connection point of the bypass unit and the second attenuation unit of the previous attenuation branch;
the Nth attenuation branch comprises a first attenuation unit and a bypass unit, and the second end of the first attenuation unit is connected with the first end of the bypass unit; the first end of the first attenuation unit of the Nth attenuation branch is connected to the connection point of the first attenuation unit and the bypass unit of the previous attenuation branch, and the second end of the bypass unit of the Nth attenuation branch is connected to the connection point of the bypass unit and the second attenuation unit of the previous attenuation branch.
Optionally, the bypass unit of the bypass branch and the bypass unit of the attenuation branch each include a switch.
Optionally, the first attenuation unit includes a first branch switch and a first branch attenuator connected in series, where a first end of the first branch switch is used as a first end of the first attenuation unit, a second end of the first branch switch is connected to the first end of the first branch attenuator, and a second end of the first branch attenuator is used as a second end of the first attenuation unit;
the second attenuation unit comprises a second branch attenuator and a second branch switch which are connected in series, wherein the first end of the second branch attenuator is used as the first end of the second attenuation unit, the second end of the second branch attenuator is connected with the first end of the second branch switch, and the second end of the second branch switch is used as the second end of the second attenuation unit.
A radio frequency front end architecture comprising a low noise amplifier and an attenuator circuit as described above, the attenuator circuit being connected in series before the low noise amplifier and/or after an amplification stage.
The attenuator circuit provided by the invention comprises an input node; an output node; a first common attenuation module configured to attenuate a signal, a first end of the first common attenuation module being connected to the input node or the output node, a second end of the first common attenuation module being connected to a gate attenuation module; a gate attenuation module comprising an optional bypass branch and at least one attenuation branch, the gate attenuation module being connected in series with the first common attenuation module. The common attenuation module is connected in series, so that the connection relation between the original attenuation branches is changed, the parasitic capacitance generated on other paths when the input signal passes through any path is effectively reduced, the parasitic capacitance generated by the attenuator circuit is further reduced, and the attenuation performance of the attenuator circuit is favorably optimized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art attenuator circuit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an attenuator circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an attenuator circuit provided in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an attenuator circuit provided in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an attenuator circuit provided in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an attenuator circuit provided in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an attenuator circuit provided in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an attenuator circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a T-shaped attenuator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a pi-type attenuator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides an attenuator circuit, comprising an input node; an output node; a first common attenuation module and a gate attenuation module connected in series with each other, wherein a first end of the first common attenuation module is connected to the input node or the output node, the first common attenuation module is configured to attenuate a signal, the gate attenuation module comprises an optional bypass branch and at least one attenuation branch. The common attenuation module is connected in series, so that the connection relation between the original attenuation branches is changed, the parasitic capacitance generated on other paths when the input signal passes through any path is effectively reduced, the parasitic capacitance generated by the attenuator circuit is further reduced, and the attenuation performance of the attenuator circuit is favorably optimized. Optionally, the first common attenuator is included in the first common attenuator module, a first end of the first common attenuator is connected to the input node or the output node, and a second end of the first common attenuator is connected to the gate attenuation module.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an attenuator circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. The attenuator circuit can be applied to a radio frequency front end circuit, for example: the variable gain amplifier, the low noise amplifier, the power amplifier, and the like are connected in series before and/or after the amplifier (the variable gain amplifier, the low noise amplifier, or the power amplifier). As shown in fig. 2, the attenuator circuit includes an input node, an output node;
a first common attenuation module 10, wherein the first common attenuation module 10 is configured to attenuate a signal, a first end of the first common attenuation module 10 is connected to the input node or the output node, and a second end of the first common attenuation module 10 is connected to a gate attenuation module 20;
a gate attenuation module 20 comprising an optional bypass branch and at least one attenuation branch, said gate attenuation module 20 being connected in series with said first common attenuation module 10.
In the present embodiment, the first common attenuation block 10 and the gate attenuation block 20 are connected in series between the input node and the output node of the attenuator circuit. Wherein, when the parasitic capacitance needs to be improved at the input node, the first terminal of the first common switch 11 is connected to the input node. The first common attenuation module 10 is used for performing primary attenuation on the input signal. The gate attenuation module 20 includes a bypass branch and at least one attenuation branch that are selectable by a user. Each attenuation branch corresponds to an attenuation value, and is used for performing secondary attenuation on the output signal of the first common attenuation module 10 according to the corresponding attenuation value, so that various attenuation degrees of the input signal are extended.
As another preferred example of the present invention, when improvement of parasitic capacitance at an output node is required, the first terminal of the first common switch 11 is connected to the output node. The gate attenuation module 20 includes a bypass branch and at least one attenuation branch that are selectable by a user. Each attenuation branch corresponds to an attenuation value and is used for carrying out primary attenuation on the input signal according to the corresponding attenuation value; the first common attenuation block 10 is used to perform a second attenuation of the output signal of the gate attenuation block 20, thereby extending a plurality of different degrees of attenuation of the input signal.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the first common attenuation module 10 includes a first common switch 11 and a first common attenuator 12 connected in series, a first end of the first common switch 11 is connected to the input node or the output node, and a second end of the first common switch 11 is connected to the first common attenuator 12.
When the parasitic capacitance needs to be improved at the input node, the first end of the first common switch 11 is connected to the input node, the second end of the first common switch 11 is connected to the first end of the first common attenuator 12, the second end of the first common attenuator 12 is connected to the first end of the gate attenuation module 20, and the second end of the gate attenuation module 20 is connected to the output node. The first common attenuator module 10 is configured to attenuate an input signal once, and the attenuation degree of the input signal is according to an attenuation value set in the first common attenuator 12. The gate attenuation module 20 includes a bypass branch and at least one attenuation branch that are selectable by a user. Each attenuation branch corresponds to an attenuation value, and is used for performing secondary attenuation on the output signal of the first common attenuation module 10 according to the corresponding attenuation value, so that various attenuation degrees of the input signal are extended.
As another preferred example of the present invention, when it is required to improve parasitic capacitance at an output node, the first terminal of the first common switch 11 is connected to the output node, the second terminal of the first common switch 11 is connected to the first terminal of the first common attenuator 12, the second terminal of the first common attenuator 12 is connected to the first terminal of the gate attenuation module 20, and the second terminal of the gate attenuation module 20 is connected to the input node. The gate attenuation module 20 includes a bypass branch and at least one attenuation branch that are selectable by a user. Each attenuation branch corresponds to an attenuation value and is used for carrying out primary attenuation on the input signal according to the corresponding attenuation value; the first common attenuator module 10 is configured to perform a second attenuation on the output signal of the gate attenuator module 20, wherein the attenuation of the signal is performed according to the attenuation value set in the first common attenuator 12, so as to extend a plurality of different attenuation degrees of the input signal.
In this embodiment, since the attenuation paths between the first common attenuation module 10 and the gate attenuation module 20 are in a series relationship, when any branch of the first common attenuation module 10 and the gate attenuation module 20 is gated for attenuating the input signal, based on the capacitance series-parallel calculation method, the parasitic capacitance generated on other paths in the attenuator circuit is smaller than the value obtained by directly parallel-connecting the parasitic capacitances on each other path in the prior art, so that the parasitic capacitance generated in the process of attenuating the input signal is effectively reduced, the parasitic capacitance generated by the attenuator circuit is further reduced, and the attenuation performance of the attenuator circuit is favorably optimized.
As another preferred example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, on the basis of the embodiment of fig. 3, the attenuator circuit further includes a second common attenuation module 30, the second common attenuation module 30 includes a second common switch 31 and a second common attenuator 32 connected in series, a first end of the second common switch 31 is connected to the output node or the input node, and a second end of the second common switch 31 is connected to the second common attenuator 32; the gate attenuation module 20 is connected in series with the second common attenuation module 30.
Here, a second common attenuation module 30 may be added on the basis of the embodiment of fig. 3 when it is desired to improve the parasitic capacitance at both the input node and at the output node. The second common attenuation module 30 corresponds to the first common attenuation module 10, and when the first common attenuation module 10 is used for connecting an input node, the second common attenuation module 30 is used for connecting an output node. I.e. a first terminal of the first common switch 11 is connected to the input node and a first terminal of the second common switch 31 is connected to the output node. The first common attenuator module 10 is configured to attenuate an input signal once, and the attenuation degree of the input signal is according to an attenuation value set in the first common attenuator 12. The gating attenuation module 20 is configured to perform secondary attenuation on the output signal of the first common attenuation module 10 according to an attenuation value corresponding to the branch selected by the user. The second common attenuation module 30 is used for performing three times of attenuation on the output signal of the gate attenuation module 20.
The second common attenuation module 30 is used to connect to an input node when the first common attenuation module 10 is used to connect to an output node. I.e. a first terminal of the first common switch 11 is connected to the output node and a first terminal of the second common switch 31 is connected to the input node. The second common attenuator module 30 is configured to attenuate the input signal once, and the attenuation degree of the input signal is according to the attenuation value set in the second common attenuator 32. The gate attenuation module 20 is configured to perform secondary attenuation on the output signal of the second common attenuation module 30 according to the attenuation value corresponding to the branch selected by the user. The first common attenuation module 10 is configured to attenuate the output signal of the gate attenuation module 20 three times.
In this embodiment, since the attenuation paths between the first common attenuation module 10 and the gate attenuation module 20 are in a series relationship, when one branch of the first common attenuation module 10 and the gate attenuation module 20 is used for attenuating an input signal, when viewed from an input node, a parasitic capacitance generated on other attenuation paths in the attenuator circuit is smaller than a value obtained by directly connecting the parasitic capacitances on each other path in parallel in the prior art; similarly, since the attenuation paths between the second common attenuation module 30 and the gate attenuation module 20 are in series, when one branch of the second common attenuation module 30 and the gate attenuation module 20 is used for attenuating the input signal, the parasitic capacitance generated on the other attenuation paths in the attenuator circuit is smaller than the value obtained by directly connecting the parasitic capacitance on each path in parallel in the prior art when viewed from the output node. The attenuator circuit provided by the embodiment of the invention effectively reduces the parasitic capacitance generated in the process of attenuating the input signal, further reduces the parasitic capacitance generated by the attenuator circuit, and is beneficial to optimizing the attenuation performance of the attenuator circuit.
Optionally, as a preferred example of the present invention, the attenuator circuit may further include a bypass path, and the bypass path includes a bypass switch 40. The bypass switch 40 has a first terminal connected to the input node and a second terminal connected to the output node, as shown in fig. 5. Here, the bypass switch 40 serves as a selection switch of a bypass path. If the input signal does not need to be attenuated, the input signal is directly output after passing through the bypass path by closing the bypass switch 40 on the bypass path.
It should be understood that fig. 5 is provided in addition to the example of fig. 3, and in other embodiments, the bypass switch 40 may also be applied to the example of fig. 4, and is not limited thereto.
Specifically, a preferred example of the present invention is provided on the basis of the embodiments of fig. 2 to 5, wherein the bypass branch in the gate attenuation module includes a bypass unit;
each attenuation branch comprises an attenuation unit and a bypass unit, and the second end of the attenuation unit is connected with the first end of the bypass unit;
when the gate attenuation module comprises one attenuation branch, a common junction point between a first end of an attenuation unit in the attenuation branch and a first end of a bypass unit in the bypass branch is used as a first end of the gate attenuation module, and a common junction point between a second end of the bypass unit in the attenuation branch and a second end of the bypass unit in the bypass branch is used as a second end of the gate attenuation module;
when the gating attenuation module comprises N attenuation branches, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; a common junction point between the first end of the attenuation unit in the first attenuation branch and the first end of the bypass unit in the bypass branch is used as the first end of the gating attenuation module, and from the second attenuation branch, the first end of the attenuation unit in each attenuation branch is connected to the connection point of the attenuation unit and the bypass unit of the previous attenuation branch; and a common joint between the second ends of the bypass units of the N attenuation branches and the second ends of the bypass units in the bypass branches is used as the second end of the gated attenuation module.
Optionally, the bypass unit of the bypass branch comprises a switch for gating the bypass branch. The bypass unit of the attenuation branch comprises a switch for gating the attenuation branch.
The attenuation unit of each attenuation branch comprises a branch switch and a branch attenuator which are connected in series; the first end of the branch switch is used as the first end of the attenuation unit, the second end of the branch switch is connected with the first end of the branch attenuator, and the second end of the branch attenuator is used as the second end of the attenuation unit.
For ease of understanding, the gate attenuation module is described below by way of example as including a bypass branch and two attenuation branches, which are respectively referred to as a first attenuation branch and a second attenuation branch. As shown in fig. 6, the gate attenuator module 20 includes a first switch 21, a second switch 22, a first branch attenuator 23, a third switch 24, a fourth switch 25, a second branch attenuator 26, and a fifth switch 27;
a common junction point between the first terminal of the first switch 21 and the first terminal of the second switch 22 serves as a first terminal of the gate attenuation module 20;
a second terminal of the second switch 22 is connected to a first terminal of the first branch attenuator 23;
a common junction point between the second end of the first branch attenuator 23 and the first end of the third switch 24 is connected to the first end of the fourth switch 25;
a second terminal of the fourth switch 25 is connected to a first terminal of the second branch attenuator 26;
a second terminal of the second branch attenuator 26 is connected to a first terminal of the fifth switch 27;
the common junction point between the second end of the first switch 21, the second end of the third switch 24 and the second end of the fifth switch 27 serves as the output end of the gate attenuation module 20.
In this embodiment, the attenuation values of the signals by the first branch attenuator 23 and the second branch attenuator 26 may be the same or different, and are not limited herein. The first switch 21 is used as a bypass unit of the bypass branch, and forms a first attenuation path with the first common attenuation module 10 and/or the second common attenuation module 30. The second switch 22 and the first branch attenuator 23 are used as attenuation units of the first attenuation branch, the third switch 24 is used as a bypass unit of the first attenuation branch, and the second switch and the first common attenuation module 10 and/or the second common attenuation module 30 form a second attenuation path. The fourth switch 25 and the second branch attenuator 26 are used as the attenuation unit of the second attenuation branch, the fifth switch 27 is used as the bypass unit of the second attenuation branch, and the attenuation unit of the first attenuation branch is combined with the first common attenuation module 10 and/or the second common attenuation module 30 to form a third attenuation path. Therefore, the corresponding attenuation path can be selected by closing the corresponding switch according to the attenuation degree of the signal.
Exemplarily, taking fig. 6 as an example, it is assumed that the attenuator circuit includes a first common attenuator module 10 and a gate attenuator module 20, and the attenuation value corresponding to the first common attenuator 12 is 2dB, the attenuation value corresponding to the first branch attenuator 23 is 3dB, and the attenuation value corresponding to the second branch attenuator 26 is 4 dB. If 2dB signal attenuation needs to be carried out on the input signal, the first common switch 11 and the first switch 21 on the bypass branch are closed, and other switches are opened, the input signal is subjected to 2dB signal attenuation through the first common attenuator 12; the parasitic capacitance generated by the attenuator circuit at this time is: a value obtained by connecting the parasitic capacitance corresponding to the fifth switch 27 in series with the parasitic capacitance corresponding to the fourth switch 25, connecting the parasitic capacitance corresponding to the third switch 24 in parallel, and connecting the parasitic capacitance corresponding to the second switch 22 in series; it can be seen that the parasitic capacitance is smaller than the value obtained by directly connecting the parasitic capacitances on each of the other attenuation paths in parallel in the prior art.
If 5dB of signal attenuation is required for the input signal, the first common switch 11, the second switch 22, and the third switch 24 are closed, and the other switches are opened. The input signal is subjected to 2dB signal attenuation through the first common attenuator 12 and 3dB signal attenuation through the first branch attenuator 23; the parasitic capacitance generated by the attenuator circuit now includes two parts: a value obtained by connecting the parasitic capacitance corresponding to the first switch 31 on the bypass branch, and the parasitic capacitance corresponding to the fourth switch 25 on the third attenuation branch in series with the parasitic capacitance corresponding to the fifth switch 27; it can be seen that the parasitic capacitances of the two parts are smaller than the value obtained by directly connecting the parasitic capacitances of each of the other attenuation paths in parallel in the prior art.
If 9dB signal attenuation needs to be performed on the input signal, the first common switch 11, the second switch 22, the fourth switch 25 and the fifth switch 27 are closed, and other switches are opened, so that the input signal is subjected to 2dB signal attenuation through the first common attenuator 12, is subjected to 3dB signal attenuation through the first branch attenuator 23 and is finally subjected to 4dB signal attenuation through the second attenuator 26; the parasitic capacitance generated by the attenuator circuit now includes two parts: the first is the parasitic capacitance corresponding to the first switch 21 on the bypass branch, and the second is the parasitic capacitance corresponding to the third switch 24 on the first attenuation branch; it can be seen that the parasitic capacitances of the two parts are smaller than the value obtained by directly connecting the parasitic capacitances of each of the other attenuation paths in parallel in the prior art.
It should be understood that the sixth switch may be further connected between the second branch attenuator 26 and the fifth switch 27 in the embodiment of the present invention to construct the next attenuation branch. The number of the specific branches is set according to actual requirements, and is not limited here.
It should be understood that fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the gate attenuation module provided on the basis of the example of fig. 3, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. In other embodiments, the above-mentioned gate attenuation module is also applicable to the example of fig. 4 or fig. 5, and is not limited herein.
Specifically, another preferred example of the present invention is provided on the basis of any one of the embodiments of fig. 2 to 5, wherein the bypass branch in the gate attenuation module includes a bypass unit;
each attenuation branch comprises an attenuation unit and a bypass unit, and the second end of the attenuation unit is connected with the first end of the bypass unit;
the common junction point between the first end of the attenuation unit of the attenuation branch and the first end of the bypass unit of the bypass branch is used as the first end of the gating attenuation module, and the common junction point between the second end of the bypass unit of the attenuation branch and the second end of the bypass unit of the bypass branch is used as the second end of the gating attenuation module.
Optionally, the bypass unit of the bypass branch and the attenuation unit of the attenuation branch each include a switch.
Optionally, the attenuation unit comprises a branch switch and a branch attenuator connected in series;
the first end of the branch switch in the attenuation unit is used as the first end of the attenuation unit, the second end of the branch switch is connected with the first end of the branch attenuator, and the second end of the branch attenuator is used as the second end of the attenuation unit.
For ease of understanding, the gate attenuation module is described below by way of example as including a bypass branch and two attenuation branches, which are respectively referred to as a first attenuation branch and a second attenuation branch. As shown in fig. 7, the gate attenuator module 20 includes a first switch 21, a second switch 22, a first branch attenuator 23, a third switch 24, a fourth switch 25, a second branch attenuator 26, and a fifth switch 27.
A common junction point between the first terminal of the first switch 21 and the first terminals of the second switch 22 and the fourth switch 25 is used as the first terminal of the gate attenuation module 20;
a second terminal of the second switch 22 is connected to a first terminal of the first branch attenuator 23;
the second end of the first branch attenuator 23 is connected to the first end of the third switch 24;
a second terminal of the fourth switch 25 is connected to a first terminal of the second branch attenuator 26;
a second terminal of the second branch attenuator 26 is connected to a first terminal of the fifth switch 27;
the common junction point between the second end of the first switch 21, the second end of the third switch 24 and the second end of the fifth switch 27 serves as the output end of the gate attenuation module 20.
Here, the attenuation values of the signals by the first branch attenuator 22 and the second branch attenuator 26 may be the same or different, and are not limited herein. The first switch 21 is used as a bypass unit of the bypass branch, and forms a first attenuation path with the first common attenuation module 10 and/or the second common attenuation module 30. The second switch 22 and the first branch attenuator 23 are used as attenuation units of the first attenuation branch, the third switch 24 is used as a bypass unit of the first attenuation branch, and the second switch and the first common attenuation module 10 and/or the second common attenuation module 30 form a second attenuation path. The fifth switch 25 and the second branch attenuator 26 are used as the attenuation unit of the second attenuation branch, and the fifth switch 27 is used as the bypass unit of the second attenuation branch, and forms a third attenuation path with the first common attenuation module 10 and/or the second common attenuation module 30. The user can select the corresponding attenuation path by closing the switch according to the attenuation degree of the signal.
Exemplarily, taking fig. 7 as an example, it is assumed that the attenuator circuit includes the first common attenuator module 10 and the gated attenuator module 20, and it is assumed that the attenuation value corresponding to the first common attenuator 12 is 3dB, the attenuation value corresponding to the first branch attenuator 23 is 6dB, and the attenuation value corresponding to the second branch attenuator 26 is 12 dB. If 3dB signal attenuation needs to be carried out on the input signal, the first common switch 11 and the first switch 21 are closed, and other switches are opened, the input signal is subjected to 3dB signal attenuation through the first common attenuator 12; the parasitic capacitance generated by the attenuator circuit at this time is: a parasitic capacitor corresponding to the fourth switch 25 is connected in series with a parasitic capacitor corresponding to the fifth switch 27, a parasitic capacitor of the second switch 22 is connected in series with a parasitic capacitor of the third switch 24, and then the two series values are connected in parallel with a parasitic capacitor corresponding to the first switch 21 on the bypass branch circuit to obtain a value; it can be seen that the parasitic capacitance is smaller than the value obtained by directly connecting the parasitic capacitances of each of the other attenuation paths in parallel according to the prior art.
If 9dB signal attenuation needs to be performed on the input signal, the first common switch 11, the second switch 22 and the third switch 24 are closed, and the other switches are opened, so that the input signal is subjected to 3dB signal attenuation through the first common attenuator 12 and 6dB signal attenuation through the second branch attenuator 13; the parasitic capacitance generated by the attenuator circuit now includes two parts: a value obtained by connecting the parasitic capacitance corresponding to the first switch 21 of the bypass branch, and the parasitic capacitance corresponding to the fourth switch 25 and the parasitic capacitance corresponding to the fifth switch 27 in series on the second attenuation branch; it can be seen that the parasitic capacitances of the two parts are smaller than the value obtained by directly connecting the parasitic capacitances of each of the other attenuation paths in parallel in the prior art.
If the input signal needs to be attenuated by 15dB, the common switch 12, the fourth switch 25 and the fifth switch 27 are closed, and the other switches are opened, so that the input signal is attenuated by 3dB through the first common attenuator 22 and 12dB through the second branch attenuator 26; the parasitic capacitance generated by the attenuator circuit at this time is: the value obtained by connecting the parasitic capacitances corresponding to the second switch 22 and the third switch 24 in series on the first attenuation branch, and the value obtained by connecting the parasitic capacitances in parallel with the first switch 21 on the bypass branch; it can be seen that the parasitic capacitance is smaller than the value obtained by directly connecting the parasitic capacitance of each other attenuation path in parallel in the prior art.
It should be understood that fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the gate attenuation module provided on the basis of the example of fig. 3, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. In other embodiments, the above-mentioned gate attenuation module is also applicable to the example of fig. 4 or fig. 5, and is not limited herein.
Specifically, another preferred example of the present invention is provided on the basis of any one of the embodiments of fig. 2 to 5, wherein the bypass branch in the gate attenuation module includes a bypass unit;
when the gating attenuation module comprises an attenuation branch, the attenuation branch comprises a first attenuation unit and a bypass unit, and the second end of the first attenuation unit is connected with the first end of the bypass unit; a common junction point between a first end of the first attenuation unit and a first end of a bypass unit in the bypass branch is used as a first end of the gating attenuation module, and a common junction point between a second end of the bypass unit in the attenuation branch and a second end of the bypass unit in the bypass branch is used as a second end of the gating attenuation module;
when the gating attenuation module comprises N attenuation branches, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; the N (N-1, 2, 3 … …, N-1) th attenuation branch comprises a first attenuation unit, a bypass unit and a second attenuation unit, wherein the second end of the first attenuation unit is connected with the first end of the bypass unit, and the second end of the bypass unit is connected with the first end of the second attenuation unit; a common junction point between a first end of a first attenuation unit in a first attenuation branch and a first end of a bypass unit in the bypass branch is used as a first end of the gating attenuation module, and a common junction point between a second end of a second attenuation unit in the first attenuation branch and a second end of the bypass unit in the bypass branch is used as a second end of the gating attenuation module; from the second attenuation branch, the first end of the first attenuation unit in each attenuation branch is connected to the connection point of the first attenuation unit and the bypass unit of the previous attenuation branch, and the second end of the second attenuation unit in each attenuation branch is connected to the connection point of the bypass unit and the second attenuation unit of the previous attenuation branch;
the Nth attenuation branch comprises a first attenuation unit and a bypass unit, and the second end of the first attenuation unit is connected with the first end of the bypass unit; the first end of the first attenuation unit of the Nth attenuation branch is connected to the connection point of the first attenuation unit and the bypass unit of the previous attenuation branch, and the second end of the bypass unit of the Nth attenuation branch is connected to the connection point of the bypass unit and the second attenuation unit of the previous attenuation branch.
Optionally, the bypass unit of the bypass branch and the bypass unit of the attenuation branch each include a switch.
Optionally, the first attenuation unit includes a first branch switch and a first branch attenuator connected in series, where a first end of the first branch switch is used as a first end of the first attenuation unit, a second end of the first branch switch is connected to the first end of the first branch attenuator, and a second end of the first branch attenuator is used as a second end of the first attenuation unit;
the second attenuation unit comprises a second branch attenuator and a second branch switch which are connected in series, wherein the first end of the second attenuator is used as the first end of the second branch attenuation unit, the second end of the second branch attenuator is connected with the first end of the second branch switch, and the second end of the second branch switch is used as the second end of the second attenuation unit.
For ease of understanding, the gate attenuation module is described below by way of example as including a bypass branch and two attenuation branches, which are respectively referred to as a first attenuation branch and a second attenuation branch. As shown in fig. 8, the gate attenuator module 20 includes a first switch 21, a second switch 22, a first branch attenuator 23, a third switch 24, a second branch attenuator 25, a fourth switch 26, a fifth switch 27, a third branch attenuator 28, and a sixth switch 29;
a common junction point between the first terminal of the first switch 21 and the first terminal of the second switch 22 serves as a first terminal of the gate attenuation module 20;
a second terminal of the second switch 22 is connected to a first terminal of the first branch attenuator 23;
the common junction point between the second end of the first branch attenuator 23 and the first end of the third switch 24 is connected with the fifth switch 27;
a second terminal of the fifth switch 27 is connected to a first terminal of the third branch attenuator 28;
a second terminal of the third branch attenuator 28 is connected to a first terminal of the sixth switch 29;
a common junction between the second terminal of the sixth switch 29 and the second terminal of the third switch 24 is connected to the first terminal of the second branch attenuator 25;
a second terminal of the second branch attenuator 25 is connected to a first terminal of the fourth switch 26;
the common junction between the second terminal of the fourth switch 26 and the second terminal of the first switch 21 serves as the second terminal of the gate attenuation module 20.
In this embodiment, the attenuation values of the first branch attenuator 23, the second branch attenuator 25, and the third branch attenuator 28 may be the same or different, and are not limited herein. The first switch 21 is used as a bypass unit of the bypass branch, and forms a first attenuation path with the first common attenuation module 10 and/or the second common attenuation module 30. The second switch 22 and the first branch attenuator 23 are used as a first attenuation unit of the first attenuation branch, the third switch 24 is used as a bypass unit of the first attenuation branch, the second branch attenuator 25 and the fourth switch 26 are used as a second attenuation unit of the first attenuation branch, and the second attenuation unit and the first common attenuation module 10 and/or the second common attenuation module 30 form a second attenuation path. The fifth switch 27 and the third branch attenuator 28 are used as a first attenuation unit of the second attenuation branch, the sixth switch 29 is used as a bypass unit of the second attenuation branch, and the first attenuation unit and the second attenuation unit of the first attenuation branch are combined to form a third attenuation path with the first common attenuation module 10 and/or the second common attenuation module 30. The user can select the corresponding attenuation path by closing the switch according to the attenuation degree of the signal.
It should be understood that fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the gate attenuation module provided on the basis of the example of fig. 3, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. In other embodiments, the above-mentioned gate attenuation module is also applicable to the example of fig. 4 or fig. 5, and is not limited herein.
Optionally, the common attenuator and the branch attenuator are both two-port networks formed by resistance elements, impedance and attenuation are constants independent of frequency, and phase shift is equal to zero. Optionally, the common attenuator and the branch attenuator include, but are not limited to, a T-type attenuator or a pi-type attenuator.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 9, a schematic structural diagram of the T-type attenuator provided in this embodiment is shown. In fig. 7, the T-type attenuator includes a first resistor R11, a second resistor R12, and a third resistor R13, wherein one end of the first resistor R11, one end of the second resistor R12, and one end of the third resistor R13 are connected in common, the other end of the first resistor R11 serves as an input end, and the other end of the third resistor R13 serves as an output end.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 10, a schematic structural diagram of the pi-type attenuator provided in this embodiment is shown. In fig. 8, the pi-type attenuator includes a first resistor R21, a second resistor R22, and a third resistor R23, wherein a common junction of the first resistor R21 and the second resistor R22 serves as an input terminal, and a common junction of the first resistor R21 and the third resistor R23 serves as an output terminal.
In summary, the attenuator circuit provided in the embodiments of the present invention can effectively reduce the parasitic capacitance generated during the attenuation process of the input signal, thereby reducing the parasitic capacitance generated by the attenuator circuit, and facilitating the optimization of the attenuation performance of the radio frequency front end architecture.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a radio frequency front end architecture, where the radio frequency front end architecture includes a low noise amplifier and the attenuator circuit as described above, and the attenuator circuit is connected in series before the low noise amplifier and/or after the amplification stage. Because the parasitic capacitance of the attenuator circuit is small, the attenuation performance is improved compared with the prior art, and therefore the attenuation performance of the radio frequency front-end framework is greatly optimized.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. An attenuator circuit, comprising:
an input node;
an output node;
a first common attenuation module configured to attenuate a signal, a first end of the first common attenuation module being connected to the input node or the output node, a second end of the first common attenuation module being connected to a gate attenuation module;
a gate attenuation module comprising an optional bypass branch and at least one attenuation branch, the gate attenuation module being connected in series with the first common attenuation module.
2. The attenuator circuit of claim 1, wherein the first common attenuation module comprises a first common switch and a first common attenuator connected in series, a first terminal of the first common switch being connected to the input node or the output node, a second terminal of the first common switch being connected to the first common attenuator.
3. The attenuator circuit of claim 2, further comprising a second common attenuation module comprising a second common switch and a second common attenuator connected in series, a first terminal of the second common switch being connected to the output node or the input node, a second terminal of the second common switch being connected to the second common attenuator;
the gate attenuation module is connected in series with the second common attenuation module.
4. The attenuator circuit according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising a bypass switch having a first terminal connected to the input node and a second terminal connected to the output node.
5. The attenuator circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bypass branch in the gate attenuation module comprises a bypass unit;
each attenuation branch comprises an attenuation unit and a bypass unit, and the second end of the attenuation unit is connected with the first end of the bypass unit;
when the gate attenuation module comprises one attenuation branch, a common junction point between a first end of an attenuation unit in the attenuation branch and a first end of a bypass unit in the bypass branch is used as a first end of the gate attenuation module, and a common junction point between a second end of the bypass unit in the attenuation branch and a second end of the bypass unit in the bypass branch is used as a second end of the gate attenuation module;
when the gating attenuation module comprises N attenuation branches, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, a common junction point between a first end of an attenuation unit in a first attenuation branch and a first end of a bypass unit in a bypass branch is used as a first end of the gating attenuation module, and from a second attenuation branch, the first end of the attenuation unit in each attenuation branch is connected to a connection point of the attenuation unit and the bypass unit of the previous attenuation branch; and a common joint between the second ends of the bypass units of the N attenuation branches and the second ends of the bypass units in the bypass branches is used as the second end of the gated attenuation module.
6. The attenuator circuit of claim 5, wherein the bypass element of the bypass branch and the bypass element of the attenuation branch each include a switch.
7. The attenuator circuit of claim 5, wherein the attenuation unit of each of the attenuation branches includes a branch switch and a branch attenuator connected in series;
the first end of the branch switch is used as the first end of the attenuation unit, the second end of the branch switch is connected with the first end of the branch attenuator, and the second end of the branch attenuator is used as the second end of the attenuation unit.
8. The attenuator circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bypass branch in the gate attenuation module comprises a bypass unit;
each attenuation branch comprises an attenuation unit and a bypass unit, wherein the second end of the attenuation unit is connected with the first end of the bypass unit of the attenuation branch;
the common junction point between the first end of the attenuation unit of the attenuation branch and the first end of the bypass unit of the bypass branch is used as the first end of the gating attenuation module, and the common junction point between the second end of the bypass unit of the attenuation branch and the second end of the bypass unit of the bypass branch is used as the second end of the gating attenuation module.
9. The attenuator circuit of claim 8, wherein the bypass element of the bypass branch and the attenuation element of the attenuation branch each include a switch.
10. The attenuator circuit of claim 8, wherein the attenuation unit includes a branch switch and a branch attenuator connected in series;
the first end of the branch switch is used as the first end of the attenuation unit, the second end of the branch switch is connected with the first end of the branch attenuator, and the second end of the branch attenuator is used as the second end of the attenuation unit.
11. The attenuator circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bypass branch in the gate attenuation module comprises a bypass unit;
when the gating attenuation module comprises an attenuation branch, the attenuation branch comprises a first attenuation unit and a bypass unit, and the second end of the first attenuation unit is connected with the first end of the bypass unit; a common junction point between a first end of the first attenuation unit and a first end of a bypass unit in the bypass branch is used as a first end of the gating attenuation module, and a common junction point between a second end of the bypass unit in the attenuation branch and a second end of the bypass unit in the bypass branch is used as a second end of the gating attenuation module;
when the gate attenuation module comprises N attenuation branches, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and the N (N ═ 1, 2, 3 … …, N-1) attenuation branches comprise a first attenuation unit, a bypass unit and a second attenuation unit, wherein the second end of the first attenuation unit is connected with the first end of the bypass unit, and the second end of the bypass unit is connected with the first end of the second attenuation unit; a common junction point between a first end of a first attenuation unit in a first attenuation branch and a first end of a bypass unit in the bypass branch is used as a first end of the gating attenuation module, and a common junction point between a second end of a second attenuation unit in the first attenuation branch and a second end of the bypass unit in the bypass branch is used as a second end of the gating attenuation module; from the second attenuation branch, the first end of the first attenuation unit in each attenuation branch is connected to the connection point of the first attenuation unit and the bypass unit of the previous attenuation branch, and the second end of the second attenuation unit in each attenuation branch is connected to the connection point of the bypass unit and the second attenuation unit of the previous attenuation branch;
the Nth attenuation branch comprises a first attenuation unit and a bypass unit, and the second end of the first attenuation unit is connected with the first end of the bypass unit; the first end of the first attenuation unit of the Nth attenuation branch is connected to the connection point of the first attenuation unit and the bypass unit of the previous attenuation branch, and the second end of the bypass unit of the Nth attenuation branch is connected to the connection point of the bypass unit and the second attenuation unit of the previous attenuation branch.
12. The attenuator circuit of claim 11, wherein the bypass element of the bypass branch and the bypass element of the attenuation branch each include a switch.
13. The attenuator circuit of claim 11, wherein the first attenuation unit includes a first branch switch and a first branch attenuator connected in series, wherein a first end of the first branch switch serves as a first end of the first attenuation unit, a second end of the first branch switch is connected to the first end of the first branch attenuator, and a second end of the first branch attenuator serves as a second end of the first attenuation unit;
the second attenuation unit comprises a second branch attenuator and a second branch switch which are connected in series, wherein the first end of the second branch attenuator is used as the first end of the second attenuation unit, the second end of the second branch attenuator is connected with the first end of the second branch switch, and the second end of the second branch switch is used as the second end of the second attenuation unit.
14. A radio frequency front end architecture comprising a low noise amplifier and an attenuator circuit according to any of claims 1 to 13 connected in series before the low noise amplifier and/or after an amplification stage.
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| CN202010812973.0A CN111953311B (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2020-08-13 | Attenuator circuit and radio frequency front end architecture |
| PCT/CN2021/111067 WO2022033392A1 (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2021-08-06 | Attenuator circuit and radio frequency front-end architecture |
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| WO2022033392A1 (en) | 2022-02-17 |
| CN111953311B (en) | 2021-07-06 |
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