CN111952064A - Preparation method of magnetorheological elastomer with radially distributed magnetic particles and elastomer - Google Patents
Preparation method of magnetorheological elastomer with radially distributed magnetic particles and elastomer Download PDFInfo
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- CN111952064A CN111952064A CN202010673903.1A CN202010673903A CN111952064A CN 111952064 A CN111952064 A CN 111952064A CN 202010673903 A CN202010673903 A CN 202010673903A CN 111952064 A CN111952064 A CN 111952064A
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/44—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids
- H01F1/447—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids characterised by magnetoviscosity, e.g. magnetorheological, magnetothixotropic, magnetodilatant liquids
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a magnetorheological elastomer with radially distributed magnetic particles and the elastomer, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of prefabricating a cutting matrix of the magnetorheological elastomer under a uniform magnetic field, wherein the arrangement direction of magnetic particle chains in the cutting matrix has the characteristic of parallelism among chains; cutting the prefabricated magnetorheological elastomer cutting parent body into a plurality of magnetorheological effect monomers according to a preset size and a preset direction; placing the obtained multiple magneto-rheological effect monomers in a shaping mold in a surrounding manner along the circumferential direction to form an elastic assembly, and splicing the tail end of the front one and the head end of the rear one of any two adjacent magneto-rheological effect monomers in the length direction; and heating and pressurizing the elastic assembly to form the magnetorheological elastomer with the radially distributed magnetic particles. According to the preparation method of the magneto-rheological elastomer with the radially distributed magnetic particles, the time and cost consumed for building a specific magnetic field direction are reduced, and the preparation difficulty is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation and processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a magnetorheological elastomer with radially distributed magnetic particles and the elastomer.
Background
The magnetorheological elastomer is a high-molecular polymer material with magnetic particle additives, and compared with a base material of the magnetorheological elastomer, the magnetorheological elastomer can regulate and control parameters such as elastic modulus, shear modulus, surface roughness and the like under a magnetic field, so that the material with the unique property can be called an intelligent material. The magnetorheological elastomer can be divided into an isotropic magnetorheological elastomer and an anisotropic magnetorheological elastomer according to whether anisotropic behavior exists or not, wherein the isotropic magnetorheological elastomer can be prepared by uniformly distributing magnetic particles in a matrix and then curing the magnetic particles without applying a magnetic field in the preparation process of the isotropic magnetorheological elastomer and applying an external magnetic field when the rubber matrix is cured, so that the magnetic particles are regularly arranged in the matrix in a chain structure, and the purpose of anisotropy is achieved.
Compared with an anisotropic magnetorheological elastomer, the isotropic magnetorheological elastomer has easier preparation process and lower cost, but the existing research shows that the anisotropic magnetorheological elastomer has obviously better mechanical properties such as compression modulus, shear modulus and the like in the magnetic particle chain direction than the isotropic magnetorheological elastomer. Therefore, in the aspect of metal plastic forming, the anisotropic magnetorheological elastomer is more favorable for plastic deformation of the metal blank as a pressure forming medium.
The existing forming parts which can adopt the magnetorheological elastomer as a pressure forming medium are plates and pipes, and for the pressure forming of the magnetorheological elastomer of the plates, the regular arrangement direction of the magnetic particles can be parallel or vertical to the plates, and at the moment, the magnetic particle chains are mutually parallel. For the pipe parts, when the magnetic particle chains are perpendicular to the surface of the pipe, the magnetorheological elastomer provides the maximum internal pressure for the expansion of the pipe, however, at the moment, the magnetic particle chains are not arranged in parallel any more, and the preparation technology of the magnetorheological elastomer with the magnetic particle chains regularly arranged along the radial direction becomes a problem to be solved urgently because of the absence of the radial type magnetic field.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a magnetorheological elastomer with radially distributed magnetic particles and an elastomer, wherein a cutting matrix of the magnetorheological elastomer is prefabricated under a uniform magnetic field, and is cut according to a preset size and a preset direction to form a plurality of monomers with a magnetorheological effect, and then the magnetorheological elastomer with the internal magnetic particle chains approximately regularly arranged in a radial manner is finally formed by splicing the plurality of monomers, so that the effects that the magnetic particle chains are perpendicular to the surface of the pipe and have anisotropy are achieved, the time and cost consumed for constructing a specific magnetic field direction are reduced, and the difficulty in preparing the magnetorheological elastomer with radially distributed magnetic particles is reduced.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for preparing a magnetorheological elastomer with radially distributed magnetic particles, comprising the following steps:
a parent body prefabricating step, prefabricating a magnetorheological elastomer cutting parent body in a uniform magnetic field, wherein the arrangement direction of magnetic particle chains in the cutting parent body has the characteristic of being parallel among chains;
a monomer manufacturing step, namely cutting a prefabricated magnetorheological elastomer cutting matrix into a plurality of magnetorheological effect monomers according to a preset size and a preset direction;
a monomer splicing step, namely placing the obtained multiple magneto-rheological effect monomers in a shaping mold in a surrounding manner along the circumferential direction to form an elastic combination body, and splicing the tail end of the front one with the head end of the rear one of any two adjacent magneto-rheological effect monomers in the length direction;
and a forming step, namely heating and pressurizing the elastic assembly to form the magnetorheological elastomer with the radially distributed magnetic particles.
Preferably, the preparation of the prefabricated magnetorheological elastomer cutting matrix comprises the following steps:
weighing the magnetic particles, the substrate material and the additive according to the mass fraction of the magnetic particles corresponding to each magnetorheological effect monomer;
uniformly mixing a base material and an additive to obtain a first mixture;
stirring and mixing the mixture of the magnetic particles, the base material and the additive for a second time to obtain a second mixture;
and placing the second mixture in a matrix shaping mold, placing the matrix shaping mold in a uniform magnetic field to enable the magnetic particles to be distributed in a structured manner, taking out the mixture after the mixture is cured and shaped to obtain the prefabricated magnetorheological elastomer, wherein the magnetic field direction of the uniform magnetic field is parallel and the strength of the uniform magnetic field is unchanged.
Preferably, the first mixture is placed in an oven for a first length of time before the second mixture is prepared after the first mixture is obtained; and/or, vacuuming the second mixture for a third length of time after obtaining the second mixture and before placing the second mixture into the masterform mold.
Preferably, the base material is an unvulcanized addition type silicone rubber; and/or the magnetic particles are carbonyl iron powder; and/or, the additive includes an inorganic accelerator and a strengthening agent.
Preferably, the alignment direction of the magnetic particle chains in the cutting matrix is parallel or perpendicular to the outer surface of the cutting matrix.
Preferably, when the prefabricated magnetorheological elastomer cutting parent body is cut into a plurality of magnetorheological effect monomers according to the preset size and direction, the direction of the cutting lines is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the magnetic particle chains in the magnetorheological elastomer cutting parent body, and the intervals of the cutting lines are equal.
Preferably, in the step of splicing the monomers, the head end and the tail end of the magnetorheological effect monomer are adhered and fixed with the shaping mold.
Preferably, said elastic assembly is superimposed in a plurality of layers in said sizing die
The invention also provides a magnetorheological elastomer with the magnetic particles distributed radially, which is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the magnetorheological elastomer with the magnetic particles distributed radially.
According to the preparation method of the magneto-rheological elastomer with the radially distributed magnetic particles and the elastomer, provided by the invention, the magneto-rheological elastomer cutting parent body is prefabricated under a uniform magnetic field, and is cut into the plurality of magneto-rheological effect monomers according to the preset size and direction, so that the magneto-rheological elastomer with the internal magnetic particle chains approximately regularly arranged in a radial shape is finally formed by splicing the plurality of monomers, the effect that the magnetic particle chains are perpendicular to the surface of the pipe and are anisotropic is achieved, the time and cost consumed for building a specific magnetic field direction are reduced, and the preparation difficulty of the magneto-rheological elastomer with the radially distributed magnetic particles is reduced. Firstly preparing the magneto-rheological effect monomers, splicing a plurality of magneto-rheological effect monomers into an elastic assembly, then bonding and curing the elastic assembly in a pressurizing and heating mode to obtain the final magneto-rheological elastomer, and the preparation method has the advantages of reasonable design and stable preparation process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a magnetorheological elastomer cutting matrix in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a MR effect monomer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an elastic assembly formed by splicing a plurality of MR effect monomers according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a magnetorheological elastomer with radially distributed magnetic particles prepared by an embodiment of the invention, wherein the magnetic particle chains are shown in a radial shape perpendicular to the outer peripheral wall of the elastomer.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 4 in combination, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a magnetorheological elastomer with radially distributed magnetic particles, including the following steps:
a parent body prefabricating step, prefabricating a magnetorheological elastomer cutting parent body in a uniform magnetic field, wherein the arrangement direction of magnetic particle chains in the cutting parent body has the characteristic of being parallel among chains;
a monomer manufacturing step, namely cutting a prefabricated magnetorheological elastomer cutting matrix into a plurality of magnetorheological effect monomers according to a preset size and a preset direction, wherein the obtained magnetorheological effect monomers have the characteristic of regular arrangement in one direction;
a monomer splicing step, namely placing the obtained multiple magneto-rheological effect monomers in a shaping mold in a surrounding manner along the circumferential direction to form an elastic combination body, and splicing the tail end of the front one with the head end of the rear one of any two adjacent magneto-rheological effect monomers in the length direction;
and a forming step, namely heating and pressurizing the elastic assembly to form the magnetorheological elastomer with the radially distributed magnetic particles.
According to the technical scheme, the magneto-rheological elastomer cutting parent body is prefabricated under a uniform magnetic field, the magneto-rheological elastomer is cut according to the preset size and the preset direction to form a plurality of magneto-rheological effect monomers, then the magneto-rheological elastomer with the internal magnetic particle chains approximately arranged in a radial regular mode is finally formed by splicing the monomers, the effects that the magnetic particle chains are perpendicular to the surface of the pipe and are anisotropic are achieved, the time and the cost consumed for constructing the specific magnetic field direction are reduced, and the preparation difficulty of the magneto-rheological elastomer with the magnetic particles distributed in the radial direction is reduced. Firstly, preparing magnetorheological effect monomers, splicing a plurality of magnetorheological effect monomers into an elastic assembly, then bonding and curing the elastic assembly in a pressurizing and heating mode to obtain the final magnetorheological elastomer (namely the target magnetorheological elastomer), and the design is reasonable and the preparation process is stable.
Specifically, the preparation of the prefabricated magnetorheological elastomer cutting matrix comprises the following steps:
weighing the magnetic particles, the substrate material and the additive according to the mass fraction of the magnetic particles corresponding to each magnetorheological effect monomer;
uniformly mixing a base material and an additive to obtain a first mixture;
stirring and mixing the mixture of the magnetic particles, the base material and the additive for a second time to obtain a second mixture, so that the magnetic particles are uniformly distributed in the base material;
and placing the second mixture in a matrix shaping mold, placing the matrix shaping mold in a uniform magnetic field to enable the magnetic particles to be distributed in a structured manner, taking out the mixture after the mixture is cured and shaped to obtain the prefabricated magnetorheological elastomer, wherein the magnetic field direction of the uniform magnetic field is parallel and the strength of the uniform magnetic field is unchanged. According to the technical scheme, the uniform magnetic field is adopted to prefabricate the cutting matrix of the magnetorheological elastomer, the production and manufacturing process is simple and mature, the arrangement rule of magnetic particle chains in the cutting matrix of the magnetorheological elastomer can be controlled and adjusted by modulating the uniform magnetic field, and the final preparation of the target magnetorheological elastomer is facilitated.
Further, before preparing a second mixture after obtaining the first mixture, placing the first mixture in an oven for preheating for a first time period to reduce resistance on movement of subsequently added magnetic particles in a rubber matrix, so that the magnetic particles can form a regular arrangement structure conveniently; and/or, after obtaining the second mixture, before placing the second mixture in the matrix shaping mold, vacuumizing the second mixture for a third time to remove air bubbles in the second mixture.
The substrate material is unvulcanized addition type silicon rubber; and/or the magnetic particles are carbonyl iron powder; and/or, the additive includes an inorganic accelerator and a strengthening agent.
The magnetic particle chains in the cutting matrix are arranged in a direction parallel to or perpendicular to the outer surface of the cutting matrix, as shown in fig. 1, wherein the magnetic particle chains are perpendicular to the upper, lower, front and rear surfaces of the matrix elastic body, and are parallel to the left and right surfaces of the matrix elastic body (the upper, lower, front, rear, left and right are all referred to the orientation shown in fig. 1).
Referring to fig. 1, when a prefabricated cutting matrix of a magnetorheological elastomer is cut into a plurality of single magnetorheological effect bodies according to a preset size and direction, the direction of the cutting lines is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the magnetic particle chains in the cutting matrix of the magnetorheological elastomer, and the distances between the cutting lines are equal, but it can be understood that, because the single magnetorheological effect bodies have elasticity, after being cut, when being placed and spliced in a surrounding manner, the single magnetorheological effect bodies are inevitably bent into a fan-ring shape with a certain curvature, as shown in fig. 3, the bending process will change the arrangement distances of the magnetic particle chains with equal distances to a certain extent, specifically, the distances between the magnetic particles close to the center of a circle become smaller, and the distances between the magnetic particles far away from the center of a circle become larger, so as to form that the magnetic particles shown in fig. 4 of the present application are outward in the radial direction, the circumferential spacing is increasingly larger, and this pattern corresponds to a magnetorheological elastomer with radially distributed magnetic particles. It should be noted that the magnetic particles in fig. 1 to 4 in the present invention are only schematically shown, and in fact, the distribution density of the magnetic particles in the substrate is very high, and in the finally formed target magnetorheological elastomer, the inner magnetic particle chains are regularly arranged in a radial manner with the center of the target magnetorheological elastomer as the center, but not strictly all on one radial straight line, and more, the regular arrangement in the radial direction is implemented in a manner of staggering in the circumferential direction along the radially outward direction.
Preferably, in the step of splicing the monomers, the head end and the tail end of the magnetorheological effect monomer are fixedly adhered to the shaping mold so as to ensure that the scattering does not occur in the winding process. And the elastic assembly is stacked in the shaping mold in multiple layers so that the thickness of the formed target magnetorheological elastomer meets the design requirement.
The invention is further described below with reference to a specific example:
firstly, weighing 10% of additive according to the volume of the magnetorheological elastomer, respectively weighing the addition type rubber matrix and the hydroxyl iron powder according to the content of the required magnetic particles, putting the three into a beaker, uniformly mixing, putting into an oven, heating for 3-5 minutes, and then stirring the heated mixture for about 10 minutes by using a high-speed stirrer; manufacturing a corresponding mold according to the size of the prefabricated magnetorheological elastomer, pouring the stirred mixture into the mold, vacuumizing the mixture in the mold by using a vacuum pump, and extracting bubbles in the mixture; and (2) placing the mixture subjected to bubble removal in a uniform magnetic field, wherein the uniform magnetic field lines are horizontally distributed, and curing the mixture to obtain a prefabricated magnetorheological elastomer (namely the magnetorheological elastomer cutting matrix, as shown in figure 1).
Secondly, in fig. 1, the dotted line is the direction of the regular arrangement of the magnetic particles in the rubber matrix, the solid line is the cutting line, and the blade is used for cutting the prefabricated magnetorheological elastomer cutting matrix along the cutting line, and then a plurality of magnetorheological effect monomers are obtained (as shown in fig. 2).
Thirdly, manufacturing a corresponding die according to the size of the original magneto-rheological elastomer, enabling a plurality of magneto-rheological effect monomers to correspond end to end, winding the magneto-rheological effect monomers to an outer ring from the circle center (as shown in figure 3), using an adhesive for adhesion to ensure that the magneto-rheological effect monomers are not scattered in the winding process, putting the wound magneto-rheological elastomer into the die, applying pressure on the wound magneto-rheological effect monomers, putting the round die into an oven for heating, so that the magneto-rheological effect monomers are bonded and cured, and then obtaining the magneto-rheological elastomer with magnetic particles regularly arranged along the radial direction (as shown in figure 4).
According to the embodiment of the invention, the magnetorheological elastomer with the radially distributed magnetic particles is prepared by the preparation method of the magnetorheological elastomer with the radially distributed magnetic particles.
It is readily understood by a person skilled in the art that the advantageous ways described above can be freely combined, superimposed without conflict.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a magnetorheological elastomer with radially distributed magnetic particles is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a parent body prefabricating step, prefabricating a magnetorheological elastomer cutting parent body in a uniform magnetic field, wherein the arrangement direction of magnetic particle chains in the cutting parent body has the characteristic of being parallel among chains;
a monomer manufacturing step, namely cutting a prefabricated magnetorheological elastomer cutting matrix into a plurality of magnetorheological effect monomers according to a preset size and a preset direction;
a monomer splicing step, namely placing the obtained multiple magneto-rheological effect monomers in a shaping mold in a surrounding manner along the circumferential direction to form an elastic combination body, and splicing the tail end of the front one with the head end of the rear one of any two adjacent magneto-rheological effect monomers in the length direction;
and a forming step, namely heating and pressurizing the elastic assembly to form the magnetorheological elastomer with the radially distributed magnetic particles.
2. The method for preparing the magnetorheological elastomer cutting precursor according to claim 1, wherein the preparation of the prefabricated magnetorheological elastomer cutting precursor comprises the following steps:
weighing the magnetic particles, the substrate material and the additive according to the mass fraction of the magnetic particles corresponding to each magnetorheological effect monomer;
uniformly mixing a base material and an additive to obtain a first mixture;
stirring and mixing the mixture of the magnetic particles, the base material and the additive for a second time to obtain a second mixture;
and placing the second mixture in a matrix shaping mold, placing the matrix shaping mold in a uniform magnetic field to enable the magnetic particles to be distributed in a structured manner, taking out the mixture after the mixture is cured and shaped to obtain the prefabricated magnetorheological elastomer, wherein the magnetic field direction of the uniform magnetic field is parallel and the strength of the uniform magnetic field is unchanged.
3. The production method according to claim 2,
placing the first mixture in an oven for a first length of time before preparing the second mixture after obtaining the first mixture; and/or, vacuuming the second mixture for a third length of time after obtaining the second mixture and before placing the second mixture into the masterform mold.
4. The production method according to claim 2, wherein the base material is an unvulcanized addition type silicone rubber; and/or the magnetic particles are carbonyl iron powder; and/or, the additive includes an inorganic accelerator and a strengthening agent.
5. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the alignment direction of the magnetic particle chains in the cutting matrix is parallel or perpendicular to the outer surface of the cutting matrix.
6. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein when the preformed magnetorheological elastomer cutting parent body is cut into the plurality of magnetorheological effect monomers according to the preset size and direction, the direction of the cutting lines is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the magnetic particle chains in the magnetorheological elastomer cutting parent body, and the intervals of the cutting lines are equal.
7. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein in the monomer splicing step, the head end and the tail end of the magnetorheological effect monomer are fixedly adhered to the shaping mold.
8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that said elastomeric assembly is stacked in a plurality of layers in said sizing die.
9. The magnetorheological elastomer with the radially distributed magnetic particles is prepared by the preparation method of the magnetorheological elastomer with the radially distributed magnetic particles of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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