CN109203464B - Post-curing method and device for fiber-reinforced thermosetting composite material 3D printing component - Google Patents
Post-curing method and device for fiber-reinforced thermosetting composite material 3D printing component Download PDFInfo
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- CN109203464B CN109203464B CN201810920020.9A CN201810920020A CN109203464B CN 109203464 B CN109203464 B CN 109203464B CN 201810920020 A CN201810920020 A CN 201810920020A CN 109203464 B CN109203464 B CN 109203464B
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- powder
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- reinforced thermosetting
- fiber reinforced
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/364—Conditioning of environment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/379—Handling of additively manufactured objects, e.g. using robots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
Abstract
A fiber reinforced thermosetting composite material 3D prints the postcuring method and apparatus of the component, the method is to print the preformed component to bury in powder in 3D completely in the apparatus, provide the vacuum negative pressure for apparatus through the external vacuum pump at the same time, place the apparatus in the high-temperature environment and stimulate the activity of curing agent, initiate the polymerization crosslinking reaction to solidify and shape, take out the structural component that has already solidified and shaped finally, dissolve the powder adhered to with water, oven dry and get the final finished product; the device comprises a shell, wherein the top of the shell is connected with a vacuum film through a sealant, the vacuum film and the shell form a closed cavity together, powder is filled in the cavity, and a 3D printing pre-forming component is embedded in the powder; two holes are formed in the side face of the shell, one hole is connected with the air pipe through a quick connector, and the other hole is connected with an airflow valve; according to the invention, in the post-curing process of the fiber reinforced thermosetting composite material 3D printing component, the resin is kept to flow sufficiently, and the component shape is maintained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing of composite materials, in particular to a post-curing method and device for a fiber reinforced thermosetting composite material 3D printed component.
Background
The 3D printing supplies are the material basis of the 3D printing technology and are also the bottleneck limiting the further development and application of the 3D printing technology. At present, 3D printing members prepared by commonly used 3D printing thermoplastic wires have the defects of weak bearing capacity, extremely poor interlayer performance, insufficient tensile strength and the like, and the further application and development of the members are severely limited by the defects.
According to the latest scientific and technical research, the most effective and direct method for improving the performance is to use the fiber as a reinforcing material and compound a resin matrix to form a fiber reinforced composite material for 3D printing. The fiber is used for enhancing the load capacity, improving the mechanical properties such as tensile strength and the like; the matrix material is used for combining and protecting the fibers and uniformly transmitting and distributing load; however, thermoplastic resins themselves have many disadvantages such as shrinkage cracking, warpage, poor heat and corrosion resistance, and low strength and hardness, and overall, the performance of the thermoplastic resins for 3D printing molded composite material members is enhanced, but the enhancement is limited. Therefore, the fiber reinforced thermosetting resin-based composite material becomes a research hotspot and a necessary trend of future development and application of the 3D printing technology. However, the thermosetting resin needs to be chemically reacted in the molding process, and after the curing agent is added, the thermosetting resin prepolymer needs to be cured and molded through deep polymerization crosslinking reaction under high temperature, high pressure, ultraviolet light or other inducing conditions. In the harsh post-curing environment, how to maintain the original form of the fiber reinforced thermosetting composite material pre-formed component for 3D printing and smoothly cure becomes the first problem to be solved urgently, because the conventional mold shaping high-temperature high-pressure curing method cannot meet the requirements of new technologies for 3D printing of complex and variable component forms.
In summary, there is no method or apparatus for post-curing molding of fiber reinforced thermosetting composite 3D printed components.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a post-curing method and a post-curing device for a 3D printed fiber reinforced thermosetting composite material, which realize the post-curing process of the 3D printed fiber reinforced thermosetting composite material preformed component, maintain the shape of the component and meet the setting control performance while keeping the resin to be fully fluidized and the fiber wettability to be excellent.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a post-curing method for a fiber reinforced thermosetting composite 3D printed component comprises the following steps: completely burying a 3D printing preformed component in the powder in the device, simultaneously providing vacuum negative pressure for the device through an external vacuum pump, placing the device in a high-temperature environment to excite the activity of a curing agent, initiating polymerization crosslinking reaction to cure and form, finally taking out the cured and formed component, dissolving the attached powder with water, and drying to obtain a final finished product.
The 3D printing preforming component is a chopped fiber reinforced thermosetting resin-based composite material preforming component or a continuous fiber reinforced thermosetting resin-based composite material preforming component, the fiber is one or more of carbon fiber, glass fiber and Kevlar fiber, and the component is in the shape of one or more of a flat plate structure, a hollow thin-wall structure, a hollow lattice structure and a topology optimization structure.
The powder is one or a plurality of refined salt powder, metal powder and inorganic powder, and moisture or a bonding agent can be added to promote the powder to be bonded into blocks under vacuum negative pressure.
The high temperature environment is provided by a high temperature oven or heating furnace, the temperature is higher than the lowest temperature at which the curing agent starts to initiate the curing reaction, and is lower than the fiber oxidation temperature and the melting point of the powder.
The device adopted by the method comprises a shell 3, wherein the top of the shell 3 is connected with a vacuum film 1 through a sealant 2, the vacuum film 1 and the shell 3 jointly form a closed cavity, the cavity is filled with powder 8, and a 3D printing preforming component 7 is embedded in the powder 8; two holes are formed in the side face of the shell 3, filter felts 4 are distributed in the holes, one hole is connected with an air pipe 5 through a quick connector 6, and the other hole is connected with an airflow valve 9.
The heat-resistant temperature of the vacuum film 1, the sealant 2, the filter felt 4, the air pipe 5, the quick connector 6 and the air flow valve 9 is higher than the reaction temperature.
The vacuum film 1 is soft and deformable, and is inwards sunken to press the powder 8 under the action of vacuum negative pressure, so that the shape of the 3D printing preforming component 7 is maintained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention can simultaneously meet the post-curing molding of a single or a plurality of fiber reinforced thermosetting composite material 3D printing preformed components, and in the process of realizing the high-temperature and high-pressure post-curing, the invention can maintain the shape of the components and the shaping control performance while keeping the resin to be fully flowed and the fiber wettability to be excellent.
2) Aiming at the complicated and changeable component form of 3D printing, the powder extrusion type forming method is adopted to replace the traditional method of die forming high-temperature high-pressure curing, and the adaptability is good.
3) The powder, the vacuum film, the sealant and the like adopted by the invention can be repeatedly used, the environment is protected, and the water-soluble characteristic of the powder brings great convenience for removing the powder attached to the surface.
4) The invention solves the difficult problem of curing and molding after the fiber reinforced thermosetting composite material is preformed into the 3D printing component, and greatly popularizes and expands the application field of the thermosetting composite material component through the wide application of the 3D printing technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a post-curing device for a fiber reinforced thermosetting composite material 3D printed component comprises a shell 3, wherein the top of the shell 3 is connected with a vacuum film 1 through a sealant 2, the vacuum film 1 and the shell 3 together form a closed cavity, the cavity is filled with powder 8, and a 3D printed preformed component 7 is embedded in the powder 8; two holes are formed in the side face of the shell 3, filter felts 4 are uniformly distributed in the holes, one hole is connected with an air pipe 5 through a quick connector 6, the air pipe 5 is externally connected with a vacuum pump to provide a vacuum environment, the other hole is externally connected with an airflow valve 9, the airflow valve 9 is closed in the vacuum loading process, the airflow valve 9 is opened after solidification is finished, air is introduced, powder in the cavity flows and collapses, and the final finished product can be taken out conveniently.
The heat-resistant temperature of the vacuum film 1, the sealant 2, the filter felt 4, the air pipe 5, the quick connector 6 and the air flow valve 9 is higher than the reaction temperature.
The vacuum film 1 is soft and deformable, and is inwards sunken to press the powder 8 under the action of vacuum negative pressure, so that the shape of the 3D printing preforming component 7 is maintained.
A post-curing method for a fiber reinforced thermosetting composite 3D printed component comprises the following steps: completely burying a 3D printing preforming component 7 in the powder 8 in the device, simultaneously providing vacuum negative pressure for the device through an external vacuum pump, placing the device in a high-temperature environment to excite the activity of a curing agent, initiating polymerization crosslinking reaction, curing and forming, finally taking out the cured and formed component, dissolving the attached powder 8 with water, and drying to obtain a final finished product.
The 3D printing preforming component 7 is a chopped fiber reinforced thermosetting resin-based composite material preforming component or a continuous fiber reinforced thermosetting resin-based composite material preforming component, the fibers are one or more of carbon fibers, glass fibers and Kevlar fibers, and the component is in the shape of one or more of a flat plate structure, a hollow thin-wall structure, a hollow lattice structure and a topological optimization structure.
The powder 8 is one or a plurality of refined salt powder, metal powder and inorganic powder, and can be added with moisture or a bonding agent to promote the powder to be bonded into blocks under vacuum negative pressure.
The high temperature environment is provided by a high temperature oven or heating furnace, the temperature is higher than the lowest temperature at which the curing agent starts to initiate the curing reaction, and is lower than the fiber oxidation temperature and the melting point of the powder.
Claims (8)
1. A post-curing method for a fiber reinforced thermosetting composite material 3D printing component is characterized by comprising the following steps: completely burying a 3D printing preformed component in the powder in the device, simultaneously providing vacuum negative pressure for the device through an external vacuum pump, placing the device in a high-temperature environment to excite the activity of a curing agent, initiating polymerization crosslinking reaction to cure and form, finally taking out the cured and formed component, dissolving the attached powder with water, and drying to obtain a final finished product.
2. The post-curing method for the fiber reinforced thermosetting composite 3D printed member according to claim 1, wherein: the 3D printing preforming component is a chopped fiber reinforced thermosetting resin-based composite material preforming component or a continuous fiber reinforced thermosetting resin-based composite material preforming component, the fiber is one or more of carbon fiber, glass fiber and Kevlar fiber, and the component is in the shape of one or more of a flat plate structure, a hollow thin-wall structure, a hollow lattice structure and a topology optimization structure.
3. The post-curing method for the fiber reinforced thermosetting composite 3D printed member according to claim 1, wherein: the powder is one or more of inorganic powder, and can be added with moisture or a binder to promote the powder to be bonded into blocks under vacuum negative pressure.
4. The post-curing method for the fiber reinforced thermosetting composite 3D printed member according to claim 1, wherein: the powder is one or a plurality of refined salt powder and metal powder, and moisture or a bonding agent can be added to promote the powder to be bonded into blocks under vacuum negative pressure.
5. The post-curing method for the fiber reinforced thermosetting composite 3D printed member according to claim 1, wherein: the high temperature environment is provided by a high temperature oven or heating furnace, the temperature is higher than the lowest temperature at which the curing agent starts to initiate the curing reaction, and is lower than the fiber oxidation temperature and the melting point of the powder.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is used for the post-curing method of the fiber reinforced thermosetting composite material 3D printed member, and is characterized in that: the printing device comprises a shell (3), wherein the top of the shell (3) is connected with a vacuum film (1) through a sealant (2), the vacuum film (1) and the shell (3) jointly form a closed cavity, powder (8) is filled in the cavity, and a 3D printing preforming component (7) is embedded in the powder (8); two holes are formed in the side face of the shell (3), filter felts (4) are distributed in the holes, one hole is connected with an air pipe (5) through a quick connector (6), and the other hole is connected with an airflow valve (9).
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein: the heat-resistant temperature of the vacuum film (1), the sealant (2), the filter felt (4), the air pipe (5), the quick connector (6) and the air flow valve (9) is higher than the reaction temperature.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein: the vacuum film (1) is soft and deformable, and the powder (8) is inwards sunken and pressed under the action of vacuum negative pressure, so that the shape of the 3D printing preforming component (7) is maintained.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810920020.9A CN109203464B (en) | 2018-08-14 | 2018-08-14 | Post-curing method and device for fiber-reinforced thermosetting composite material 3D printing component |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810920020.9A CN109203464B (en) | 2018-08-14 | 2018-08-14 | Post-curing method and device for fiber-reinforced thermosetting composite material 3D printing component |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109203464A CN109203464A (en) | 2019-01-15 |
| CN109203464B true CN109203464B (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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| CN114379077B (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2023-03-24 | 西安交通大学 | Low-cost fiber-reinforced thermosetting composite material 3D printing component post-curing method |
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| US5780525A (en) * | 1997-02-14 | 1998-07-14 | Reliance Electric Industrial Company | Photocurable composition for electrical insulation |
| DE102012109262A1 (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-03 | Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertreten durch das Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, dieses vertreten durch den Präsidenten der BAM, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung | Method for stabilizing a powder bed by means of negative pressure for additive manufacturing |
| CN104647760B (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2017-03-08 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of 3D printing manufacture method of short fiber reinforced thermosetting resin joint product |
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