CN111948149A - Detection system based on Mueller matrix imaging - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection system based on Mueller matrix imaging, and belongs to the technical field of biological tissue optics. The detection system includes a light source for generating LED light; a collimating lens group for collimating the LED light; the polarizing device is used for modulating the collimated LED light into polarized light to irradiate the tissue slice to be measured; the polarization analyzing device is used for analyzing the polarized light scattered by the tissue slice to be detected; and the image acquisition device is used for acquiring light intensity images in different polarization states passing through the polarization analyzing device and uploading the acquired light intensity images to the computer. The discrimination of the cancerous tissues and the normal tissues is realized through a Mueller matrix image of the pathological section of the unstained cancerous tissues measured by a direct observation system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological tissue optics, in particular to a detection system based on Mueller matrix imaging.
Background
The polarization imaging technology has great development prospect in the biomedical field. On the basis of the thought and the method of the early polarization 'gating' technology, the technology of imaging by utilizing polarization difference and polarization degree and the rotation linear polarization imaging technology are developed to realize the auxiliary detection of the superficial cancerous tissues to a certain extent, but the embodied polarization characteristic is single.
The rapid pathological examination becomes an important application point of clinical pathological examination, and because a common optical microscope can only observe a stained section to judge the difference between a cancerous tissue and a normal tissue, the staining of the pathological section can prolong the pathological examination time to a certain extent. Biological tissues have inherent optical properties related to their structure and function, and polarization imaging techniques can exhibit different polarization properties according to the microstructural differences between normal and malignant changes of the tissues, thereby achieving the distinction between the two.
The Mueller matrix-dependent polarization imaging method is increasingly being used in biomedical research. The Mueller matrix has been of interest in recent years as a method that can fully characterize the microstructural properties of biological tissues. In the acquisition method of the Mueller matrix, the HV reflectivity measurement method is the most common method at home and abroad at present, and the method is to realize the modulation and the polarization detection of polarized light by rotating all polarization devices (two linear polarization plates and two 1/4 wave plates) in a system, and calculate the Mueller matrix by combining the light intensity in different polarization states and a matrix array element equation set.
However, the method needs more rotating polarization devices to be controlled, is inconvenient for automatic programming control, and has longer single imaging time and larger system introduced error.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a detection system based on Mueller matrix imaging, so as to solve the technical problem.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a Mueller matrix imaging based detection system comprising: a light source for generating LED light; a collimating lens group for collimating the LED light; the polarizing device is used for modulating the collimated LED light into polarized light to irradiate the tissue slice to be measured; the polarization analyzing device is used for analyzing the polarized light scattered by the tissue slice to be detected; and the image acquisition device is used for acquiring light intensity images in different polarization states passing through the polarization analyzing device and uploading the acquired light intensity images to the computer.
Furthermore, the polarization device comprises a first linear polarizer and a first electric control rotary platform which are sequentially arranged along the illumination direction of the collimated LED light, and a first 1/4 wave plate is arranged on the first electric control rotary platform.
Further, the polarization analyzing device comprises a second electric control rotary platform and a second linear polarizer which are sequentially arranged along the illumination direction of the polarized light scattered by the tissue slice to be detected, and a second 1/4 wave plate is arranged on the second electric control rotary platform.
Further, still include PLC control module, PLC control module is connected with computer, first automatically controlled rotary platform and the automatically controlled rotary platform communication of second respectively.
Further, the fast axis of the first 1/4 wave plate and the fast axis of the second 1/4 wave plate are both in the horizontal direction, and the transmission axis of the first linear polarizer and the transmission axis of the second linear polarizer are both in the horizontal direction.
Furthermore, the folding angle between the polarized light irradiated on the tissue slice to be detected and the polarized light scattered by the tissue slice to be detected is 15-22 degrees.
Further, the central wavelength of the LED light is 630 nm.
Further, the collimating lens group includes: and the collimating lens and the diaphragm are sequentially arranged along the illumination direction of the LED light.
Further, the image acquisition device is an imaging detector.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
by applying the detection system based on Mueller matrix imaging provided by the invention, the discrimination of cancerous tissues and normal tissues is realized through a Mueller matrix image of an unstained cancerous tissue pathological section measured by a direct observation system. By keeping the two-wire polaroid fixed, more measurement errors caused by more rotating parts are avoided, and meanwhile, the automatic control of the system is facilitated through computer programming control. More importantly, the method can greatly shorten the detection time by optimizing the rotating speed of the two electrically-controlled rotating platforms and the response time of the detector.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection system based on Mueller matrix imaging according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The labels in the figure are: the system comprises a light source 1, a collimating lens 2, a diaphragm 3, a first linear polarizer 4, a first electronic control rotary platform 5, a first 1/4 wave plate 6, a tissue slice to be detected 7, a second 1/4 wave plate 8, a second electronic control rotary platform 9, a second linear polarizer 10, an image acquisition device 11, a computer 12 and a PLC control module 13.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, which are intended to illustrate only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments used by those skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a detection system based on Mueller matrix imaging includes: the device comprises a light source 1, a collimating lens 2 group, a polarizing device, a polarization detection device, an image acquisition device 11 and a PLC control module 13;
the light source 1 is used for generating LED light; the 2 groups of collimating lenses are used for collimating LED light, and the 2 groups of collimating lenses comprise: and the collimating lens 2 and the diaphragm 3 are sequentially arranged along the illumination direction of the LED light.
In this embodiment, the polarization device is configured to modulate the collimated LED light into polarized light and irradiate the polarized light onto the tissue slice 7 to be measured; the polarizing device comprises a first linear polarizer 4 and a first electric control rotary platform 5 which are sequentially arranged along the illumination direction of the collimated LED light, and a first 1/4 wave plate 6 is arranged on the first electric control rotary platform 5.
The polarization analyzing device is used for analyzing the polarized light scattered by the tissue slice 7 to be detected; the polarization analyzing device comprises a second electric control rotary platform 9 and a second linear polarizer 10 which are sequentially arranged along the illumination direction of the polarized light scattered by the tissue slice 7 to be detected, and a second 1/4 wave plate 8 is arranged on the second electric control rotary platform 9.
The image acquisition device 11 is used for acquiring light intensity images in different polarization states passing through the polarization analysis device and uploading the acquired light intensity images to the computer 12. And the PLC control module 13 is respectively in communication connection with the computer 12, the first electric control rotary platform 5 and the second electric control rotary platform 9. The image acquisition device 11 is an imaging detector, and is usually a CCD camera.
Two common illumination modes for measuring the Mueller matrix are: parallel beamlet illumination (point source 1 illumination) and wide field illumination (area source 1 illumination). The former illumination mode is suitable for a uniform medium, and biological tissues, especially cancerous tissues belong to a non-uniform medium, so the illumination mode of the surface light source 1 should be adopted. Most biological tissues have high scattering and low absorption for light in the 600-1300nm wave band, and the penetration capacity of 630nm (red light) to the biological tissues is the strongest. Thus, in this embodiment, the center wavelength of the LED light is 630 nm.
By applying the detection system based on Mueller matrix imaging provided by the invention, the discrimination of cancerous tissues and normal tissues is realized through a Mueller matrix image of an unstained cancerous tissue pathological section measured by a direct observation system.
Through the built Mueller matrix imaging detection system, in order to avoid interference of external stray light on incident polarized light, the whole experimental process needs to be carried out in a darkroom environment, in order to enable the image of the tissue slice 7 to be detected on the photosensitive surface of the imaging detector to be smaller than the width of the imaging detector as much as possible, the deflection angle of the incident light path and the emergent light path is 15-22 degrees, namely the deflection angle of the polarized light irradiated on the tissue slice 7 to be detected and the polarized light scattered by the tissue slice 7 to be detected is 15-22 degrees, and is preferably 20 degrees.
The LED light emitted by the light source 1 passes through the collimating lens 2 group and enters a polarizing device which is composed of a first linear polarizer 4 and a first 1/4 wave plate 6 erected on a first electric control rotary platform 5. The polarized light modulated by the polarizing device is irradiated to the tissue slice 7 to be measured, and then enters the analyzer composed of the second 1/4 wave plate 8 and the second linear polarizer 10 mounted on the second electrically controlled rotating platform 9 through the scattering of the tissue to be measured.
During imaging, the first linear polarizer 4 and the second linear polarizer 10 are fixed, the transmission axes of the two linear polarizers are both in the horizontal direction, and the fast axis directions of the two first 1/4 wave plates 6 and the second 1/4 wave plates 8 are both consistent with the fast axis directions and are also in the horizontal direction.
The computer 12 and the PLC control module 13 establish communication to simultaneously drive the first electrically controlled rotating platform 5 and the second electrically controlled rotating platform 9 to simultaneously rotate in the same direction according to the angle ratio of 1:5, that is, the first electrically controlled rotating platform 5 drives the first 1/4 wave plate 6 to rotate 30 times from 0 ° in a step length of 6 °; the second 1/4 wave plate 8 is rotated 30 times in 30 steps starting at 0 deg. by the second electrically controlled rotary stage 9.
The imaging detector records the light intensity image obtained by each rotation and transmits the light intensity image to the computer 12, and then each element of the slice Mueller matrix is obtained according to the light intensity Fourier coefficient.
In the detection system, the first linear polarizer 4 and the second linear polarizer 10 are respectively represented as P1 and P2, the first 1/4 wave plate 6 and the second 1/4 wave plate 8 are respectively represented as Q1 and Q2, the polarizing device composed of P1 and Q1 is PSG, the analyzing device composed of P2 and Q2 is PSA, the linear polarizers P1 and P2 are kept fixed during measurement, the light transmission axis direction is horizontal, and the fast axis initial positions of the 1/4 wave plates Q1 and Q2 are also horizontal. The Q1 and the Q2 rotate simultaneously in the same direction according to the angle ratio of 1:5, the included angles between the fast axis of the first 1/4 wave plate 6 and the fast axis of the second 1/4 wave plate 8 and the horizontal direction are respectively recorded as alpha and 5 alpha, the Mueller matrix of the pathological section of the cancer tissue is recorded as Mtisues, and in the measuring system of FIG. 1, the incident light can be represented as Sin＝[1,0,0,0]TAnd after PSG modulation, the light is emitted from the pathological section of the tissue to be measured and enters PSA, and the finally measured emergent light intensity is expressed as:
Sout＝MPSAMtissuesMPSGSin (1-1)
MPSG＝MP1MQ1 (1-2)
MPSA＝MP2MQ2 (1-3)
wherein M isP1,，MP2For the Mueller matrices of the horizontal first and second linear polarizers, given that the included angles between the fast axis of the first 1/4 wave plate and the fast axis of the second 1/4 wave plate and the horizontal direction are respectively denoted as α and 5 α, the Mueller matrices M of the first 1/4 wave plate and the second 1/4 wave plate can be determinedQ1、MQ2：
For further understanding, the polarizing device and the polarization analyzing device can be regarded as a whole, and a-M can be setPSA,G＝MPSGSinThen (1-1) can be represented as:
Sout＝AMtissuesG (1-6)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the light intensity I of the pathological section of the cancerous tissue detected by the imaging detector in the experiment after scatteringoutIs SoutThe first component of (a) is then based on the operational relationship of the matrix, IoutThe size is related to the first row element of a. Let aiElement of the first row of A, gjAll elements that are G, after being unfolded and combined, can get:
the matrix u can be obtained by the equations (1-9),
then Fourier transform is carried out to obtain:
according to the formula (1-11), IoutFourier coefficient and Mueller matrix M of tissue to be detectedTissuesM of each elementijUsing the transformed coefficients a of the Fourier transform as a functionn，bnThe Mueller matrix of the tissue to be detected can be obtained through calculation:
the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A Mueller matrix imaging based detection system, comprising:
a light source (1), the light source (1) being for generating LED light;
a set of collimating lenses (2), the set of collimating lenses (2) for collimating LED light;
the polarizing device is used for modulating the collimated LED light into polarized light to irradiate the tissue slice (7) to be measured;
the polarization analyzing device is used for analyzing the polarized light scattered by the tissue slice (7) to be detected;
the image acquisition device (11) is used for acquiring light intensity images in different polarization states passing through the polarization analyzing device and uploading the acquired light intensity images to the computer (12).
2. A Mueller matrix imaging based detection system according to claim 1,
the polarizing device comprises a first linear polarizer (4) and a first electric control rotary platform (5), wherein the first linear polarizer and the first electric control rotary platform are sequentially arranged along the illumination direction of the collimated LED light, and a first 1/4 wave plate (6) is arranged on the first electric control rotary platform (5).
3. A Mueller matrix imaging based detection system according to claim 2,
the polarization detection device comprises a second electric control rotary platform (9) and a second linear polarizer (10), wherein the second electric control rotary platform (9) and the second linear polarizer (10) are sequentially arranged along the illumination direction of polarized light scattered by the tissue slices (7) to be detected, and a second 1/4 wave plate (8) is arranged on the second electric control rotary platform (9).
4. A Mueller matrix imaging based detection system according to claim 3,
the device is characterized by further comprising a PLC control module (13), wherein the PLC control module (13) is in communication connection with the computer (12), the first electric control rotating platform (5) and the second electric control rotating platform (9) respectively.
5. A Mueller matrix imaging based detection system according to claim 3,
the fast axis of the first 1/4 wave plate (6) and the fast axis of the second 1/4 wave plate (8) are both in the horizontal direction, and the transmission axis of the first linear polarizer (4) and the transmission axis of the second linear polarizer (10) are both in the horizontal direction.
6. A Mueller matrix imaging based detection system according to claim 1, wherein the angle of refraction of the polarized light impinging on the tissue slice (7) to be examined and the polarized light scattered by the tissue slice (7) to be examined is 15 ° -22 °.
7. A Mueller matrix imaging based detection system according to claim 1,
the center wavelength of the LED light is 630 nm.
8. A Mueller matrix imaging based detection system according to claim 1,
the collimator lens (2) group comprises: and the collimating lens (2) and the diaphragm (3) are sequentially arranged along the illumination direction of the LED light.
9. A Mueller matrix imaging based detection system according to claim 1,
the image acquisition device (11) is an imaging detector.
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