CN100464695C - Optical parameter measuring instrument for mammary gland and its usage - Google Patents
Optical parameter measuring instrument for mammary gland and its usage Download PDFInfo
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- CN100464695C CN100464695C CNB2007100646254A CN200710064625A CN100464695C CN 100464695 C CN100464695 C CN 100464695C CN B2007100646254 A CNB2007100646254 A CN B2007100646254A CN 200710064625 A CN200710064625 A CN 200710064625A CN 100464695 C CN100464695 C CN 100464695C
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Abstract
The present invention is optical parameter measuring instrument for mammary gland and its usage. The instrument consists of laser generator, computer, 3D movable platform, connecting rod, turn plate, forked support rod, clamping worm gear mechanism and other assemblies. The present invention adopts inclined laser incidence and indirect offset measurement to measure the optical parameters to realize the tomographic detection of mamma, soft tissue and slice in two perpendicular directions, so as to judge and locate the pathological tissue and pathological degree through data analysis, processing and comparison. The present invention features its no invasion, real-time and in-body detection, and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the medical detecting Instrument of a kind of human body or animal, exactly, relate to a kind of optical parameter measuring instrument for mammary gland and using method thereof, belong to the Biomedical Instruments technical field.
Background technology
Some physiological propertys of biological tissue (as the content of blood glucose and blood oxygen, arteriosclerosis, cancerous tumor cell etc.) are all closely related with the optical parametric of tissue.Particularly along with the develop rapidly of laser technology, many laser devices and laser technology are widely used in the medical domain.The control of light dosage and optical parametric have very big relation in photodynamic therapy, and therefore, optical property parameter is not only a crucial physical quantity for biological tissue, and is the important evidence of medical diagnosis on disease.In recent years, the harmless and low-cost optical parametric of measuring tissue, be implemented in body, in real time and harmless diagnosing the illness become the focus of paying close attention in the biomedical sector.
Since the eighties in 20th century, many scientists are being devoted to explore and study measuring method and the device that how biological tissue is carried out optical property parameter, at present, have grasped and the measuring method used mainly contains following three kinds:
1. integrating sphere method:, thereby obtain the absorptance (absorption coefficient) of this biological tissue indirectly and amount to scattering coefficient (reducedscattering coefficient) by total diffuse-reflectance and total diffuse transmission of directly measuring biological tissue.The data that this measuring method obtains are more accurate, but shortcoming is also more outstanding: section must be made by biological tissue, can not be implemented in body, harmless, measurement in real time.
2. vertical incidence optical fiber/charge coupled device ccd probe technique: based on the diffusion equation theory of time domain or frequency domain, laser vertical incides the big tissue of semo-infinite, survey the backscattered light of tissue with optical fiber or CCD, obtain the spatial distribution of diffuse-reflectance or energy flow rate, go out the absorptance of biological tissue and amount to scattering coefficient by the diffusion equation nonlinear fitting again.Can save the optical fiber scanning time though adopt CCD to survey, be subjected to the restriction of CCD resolution simultaneously, in essence, it and the difference that does not have essence with fiber-optic probe.This method can be implemented in body, Non-Destructive Testing, has been used for the human body skin experiments of measuring at present.But need to simulate simultaneously absorptance and amount to scattering coefficient on algorithm, the diffusion transmission theory degree of approximation height of employing descends the degree of accuracy of resulting optical parametric.
3. oblique incidence optical fiber/CCD probe technique: based on stable state diffusion equation theory, the laser oblique incidence is to the big tissue of semo-infinite, with 12 optical fiber formation fiber array that is fixed together, with the parallel plane of a position of plane of incidence skew on receive diffuse-reflectance (or receive with CCD), simulate the mid point of diffuse-reflectance spatial distribution and effective scattering coefficient of biological tissue by diffusion equation then, find the solution absorptance indirectly and amount to scattering coefficient by mid point and effective scattering coefficient again.This method is relatively more novel at present method, can be implemented in body, nondestructive measurement, but only is used for pigeon chest section experiments of measuring at present.This method exists not enough in sampling, and reason is that 12 optical fiber are divided into two groups: one group is 4 optical fiber, and another group is 8 optical fiber, is distributed in the both sides, center.Wherein first group is had only 4 optical fiber, sampled point very little, the reliability of initial data is low.
In a word, the method of measuring the tissue optical property parameter is also few, the method of measuring human body mammary gland tissue optical parametric still less, therefore, how many scientific and technical personnel are exploring always and are studying the gauge and the method for human body mammary gland tissue or other tissue being carried out optical property parameter.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of optical parameter measuring instrument for mammary gland device, this instrument be a kind of harmless, in real time, at body, mammary gland or other soft tissue optical parameter measuring instrument device cheaply, with the optical parametric that uses this apparatus measures to obtain, can do qualitative or quantitative detection and diagnosis to the lesion degree and the position of pathological tissues, reference light dosage can also be provided the laser therapy of pathological tissues.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of optical parameter measuring instrument for mammary gland, comprise: the incident optical probe of laser generator and optical fiber coupling output, detection optical fiber probe are then by optical fiber be linked in sequence photodetector, amplifying circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit and computer; It is characterized in that: this optical parameter measuring instrument for mammary gland also is provided with: one by computer-controlled three-dimensional travelling table, this workbench is provided with the supporting rod of two slips, rotation, be respectively applied for and clamp the incident probe and survey probe, so that these two fibre-optical probes can move along direction initialization is whole synchronously, realize the scanning of each tomography of tissue surface is detected; The bottom of this workbench is packed on the connecting rod, and the rear end of this connecting rod installs with a rotating disk that can vertically rotate and becomes one, and makes this connecting rod to rotate synchronously along with the rotation of this vertical dial, and the rear side of this rotating disk is packed on the instrument base; The front end of connecting rod is provided with a forked type support bar, is fixed with a turbine and worm transmission of being made up of double-thread worm and two turbines in the groove of this forked type support bar and pays, and is used for clamping and is examined two lamella lucidas of soft tissue and be packed in this two turbines respectively; When connecting rod rotates, forked type support bar and two lamella lucidas that are clamped on the forked type support bar, and the incident on the three-dimensional travelling table is popped one's head in and the detection probe all can rotate simultaneously, so that tomography detects soft tissue respectively on two mutually perpendicular directions, again the tomography on these two mutually perpendicular directions is detected that data are analyzed, computing, judge and the position and the lesion degree of location pathological tissues.
Described laser generator is the near infrared light of 633～900nm through the optical maser wavelength of optical fiber coupling output, and output power range is: 0～1W, and adjustable continuously; Described incident optical probe should constitute 30 °～60 ° angle of light with the normal direction of tested soft tissue surfaces, the detection optical fiber probe is then perpendicular to tested soft tissue surfaces, and this detection probe is that a diameter is that 200～600 μ m, numerical aperture are 0.2～0.3 multimode fibre, and the offset distance Δ y of the plane of incidence of the receiving plane of this detection optical fiber probe and incident optical probe is 1.3 ± 0.3mm.
Describedly examined other soft tissue or the biologic slice that soft tissue is breast, human body or animal.
Instrument of the present invention is used to measure optical property parameter (the absorptance μ of mammary gland tissue for example of soft tissues such as mammary gland
aWith amount to scattering coefficient μ
s'), compare by optical property parameter again with healthy soft tissue, qualitative or quantitatively judge the lesion locations and the degree of soft tissues such as mammary gland, also can determine the dosage of soft tissue laser physical therapy such as mammary gland or laser surgery by detecting the parameter value that obtains.This instrument not only can be used for the measurement of human body mammary gland tissue, and the optical property parameter that also can be used for other soft tissue of animal and human's body is measured.Its advantage is: apparatus structure is simple, deft design, and volume is little, cost is low; For example: adopt the turbine and worm clamping device to change the scanning direction as the clamping device of human body soft tissue and the forked type support bar of employing rotation, and the Synchronization Control that makes full use of computer is sampled and data processing function, and control the rotation of three-dimensional travelling table and rotating disk, the accuracy and the automaticity of instrument have been improved, make this instrumental function strong (having functions such as real-time control, data sampling, date processing, Flame Image Process), it is convenient, simple to adjust, processing ease is suitable for to popularize.In addition, the preferred optical maser wavelength of the present invention is near infrared light, and with the increase investigation depth, and laser output power is adjustable, to adapt to the laser dosage of different human body.Survey probe and adopt simple optical fiber scanning, realize multi-point sampling, can guarantee abundant initial data, make that the spatial distribution curve of diffuse-reflectance intensity of match is more accurate, also avoided the problem of multifiber optical coupling difference.When data are carried out analyzing and processing, adopt the more accurate Converse solved algorithm in Monte Carlo, make find the solution the absorptance that obtains and to amount to scattering coefficient more accurate.In a word, the present invention has good popularization and application prospect in biomedical sector.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the structure of optical parameter measuring instrument for mammary gland of the present invention is formed sketch map.
Fig. 2 is the optical system operation principle sketch map of optical parameter measuring instrument for mammary gland of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the plane of incidence and the receiving plane relative position sketch map of instrument of the present invention laser irradiation on tested tissue surface.
Fig. 4 is the using method operating process block diagram of optical parameter measuring instrument for mammary gland of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Optical parameter measuring instrument for mammary gland of the present invention is that a kind of medical treatment detects and diagnostic instruments, be mainly used in the important physical parameter of measuring biological tissue (be absorptance and amount to scattering coefficient), by the measurement data that is obtained is carried out analyzing and processing, detect, judge the position and the degree of pathological tissues again.Especially, this instrument can be realized tomoscan, can accurately determine the position of pathological tissues.
Referring to Fig. 1, introducing the structure of optical parameter measuring instrument for mammary gland of the present invention forms: (output optical maser wavelength is the near infrared light of 633～900nm to laser generator 1, output is 0～1W, and adjustable continuously) and the incident optical probe 5 (it constitutes 30 °～60 ° laser angle of incidence with tested soft tissue surfaces) of optical fiber coupling output, (by a diameter is 200～600 μ m to pop one's head in 6 with the vertical detection optical fiber of the normal direction of tested tissue surface, numerical aperture is that 0.2～0.3 multimode fibre is formed) the opto-electronic conversion detection that then is linked in sequence and forms by photomultiplier tube or avalanche diode by optical fiber, amplifying circuit 2, analog to digital conversion circuit 3 and computer 4.Three-dimensional travelling table 11 by computer 4 controls, this workbench is provided with the supporting rod of two slips, rotation, be respectively applied for and clamp incident probe 5 and survey probe 6, so that these two fibre-optical probes can carry out whole synchronously moving along direction initialization and set angle, realize the scanning of each tomography of tissue surface is detected.The bottom of this workbench 11 is packed on the connecting rod 12, the rear end of this connecting rod 12 installs with a rotating disk 13 that can vertically rotate and becomes one, the rotation that makes this connecting rod 12 following to be subjected to computer-controlled this vertical dial 13 and rotation synchronously, the rear side of this rotating disk 13 is packed on the instrument base 14.The front end of connecting rod 12 is provided with a forked type support bar 10, be fixed with a turbine and worm transmission of forming by double-thread worm and two turbines in the groove of this forked type support bar 10 and pay 9, be used for that other soft tissue of breast 7 or human body or animal is examined in clamping or two lucite lamella lucidas 8 of biologic slice are packed in this two turbines respectively.Like this, when connecting rod 12 rotates, forked type support bar 10 and two lucite lamella lucidas 8 that are clamped on the forked type support bar 10, and the probe of the incident on the three-dimensional travelling table 11 5 all can rotate same angle simultaneously with detection probe 6 thereupon, this mechanism can guarantee on two mutually perpendicular directions breast 7 or soft tissue to be carried out the tomography detection respectively, again the tomography on these two mutually perpendicular directions is detected that data are analyzed, computing, just can judge and locate the position and the lesion degree of pathological tissues in any direction.
Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, introduce the operation principle of instrument of the present invention: wherein (wavelength is 633～900nm) to be radiated on the surface of biological tissue samples to the continuously adjustable semiconductor laser 1 of output, and its incident surface A as shown in Figure 3 through the near-infrared laser bundle of optical fiber output.Incident optical probe 5 and detection optical fiber probe 6 all are packed on the slide block of y direction of three-dimensional travelling table 11, make the two can wholely move in the y direction.The offset distance Δ y of the incident surface A of the receiving plane B of this detection optical fiber probe 6 and incident optical probe 5 is 1.3 ± 0.3mm.Under the control of computer-controlled three-dimensional travelling table, whenever detection optical fiber probe 6 and incident optical probe 5 both along the y direction move one apart from the time, just can realize the scanning detection of the one dimension (x direction) of a certain tomography to tissue surface.In addition, detection optical fiber probe 6 can also move freely in x, z direction.This instrument receives the signal intensity that diffuses that is produced by tissue 7 with detection optical fiber probe 6, and is input in opto-electronic conversion, the amplifying circuit 2.After earlier converting optical signal to the signal of telecommunication, amplify again, be transported in the computer 4 after converting analog electrical signal to digital signal by analog to digital conversion circuit 3 then.Be provided with control software in the computer 4, moving with sample-synchronous of control workbench 11 carried out.At this moment, 1. detection optical fiber probe 6 begins scanning from the position, last in-position 2., finish default sweep limits after, the internal memory of computer 4 has just been stored the two-dimensional matrix data of diffuse-reflectance intensity and locus.Re-use the spatial distribution (removing near the measured value of central point) of Monte Carlo model match diffuse-reflectance intensity, obtain actual central point x coordinate, the incidence point of this coordinate figure and light has a shifted by delta x.
The present invention uses find the solution absorptance and amount to the brief introduction of work principle of scattering coefficient as follows:
When unlimited light pencil incides in the high scattering medium,, can regard biological tissue as semo-infinite big medium if when the penetration depth of light beam is far smaller than the thickness of biological tissue itself.According to this biological properties, suppose that all photons just all are scattered inciding the mean free path degree of depth, then the light distribution that produces in medium of incident beam is equivalent to the isotropism point source at 1 mean free path degree of depth place.If the light vertical irradiation is when tissue surface, the x coordinate of this point source position is identical with the incidence point of light; But when the light oblique illumination was on tissue surface, its x coordinate will depart from incidence point, supposed that deviation distance is Δ x, then Δ x=3D sin θ
Tissue, in the formula, θ
TissueBe the refraction angle of light in tissue, when the refractive index of angle of incidence and tissue is known, can try to achieve by Snell's law; D is a diffusion coefficient, and it depends on the absorptance μ of tissue
aWith amount to scattering coefficient μ
s', computing formula is
Spatial distribution with Monte Carlo model match diffuse-reflectance intensity can obtain two parametric variables: Δ x and effective extinction coefficient μ
Eff, μ wherein
EffRelevant with absorptance and diffusion coefficient, promptly
With above-mentioned three computing formula or equations simultaneousness, obtain following computing formula:
Just can find the solution the absorptance μ that obtains human body or animal tissue
aWith amount to scattering coefficient μ
s'.。
As everyone knows, scattering coefficient and amount to and have relational expression μ between the scattering coefficient
sThe μ of '=(1-g)
sFor biological tissue, anisotropy factor g=0.7～0.96 in the formula.And for mammary gland tissue, forward scattering is bigger, in general can get g ≈ 0.9.Therefore, for mammary gland tissue μ
s≈ 10 μ
s'..
Instrument of the present invention is using three-dimensional travelling table control incident optical probe and detection optical fiber probe must keep synchronously moving of y direction, and is constant to guarantee Δ y.Wherein the detection optical fiber probe can also independently move at x and z direction: the x direction is used to scan, the distance of fibre-optical probe and soft tissue surfaces when the z direction then is used to regulate detection.
In addition, in Converse solved algorithm, also to consider the influence of air layer between the influence of lucite lamella lucida and lucite lamella lucida and the probe, guarantee the accuracy of separating with the Monte Carlo.
The using method of optical parameter measuring instrument for mammary gland of the present invention, it is the technology that adopts LASER Light Source oblique incidence and the indirect measuring light mathematic(al) parameter of side-play amount, promptly make the mid point of laser irradiation irreflexive spatial distribution behind tissue surface and the incidence point of light have a displacement x in the horizontal direction, and near data preventing incidence point are inaccurate, detection plane is also different with the plane of incidence: also be provided with displacement y greater than a mean free path in the vertical direction of two dimensional surface between the two; Then soft tissue is successively carried out the measurement of two mutual vertical planes, and utilize the absorptance of the Monte Carlo Converse solved biological tissue of model and amount to scattering coefficient according to this Δ x displacement; Again to the detection data on these two mutually perpendicular directions and health tissues absorptance with amount to scattering coefficient and compare, analyze, just can judge and locate the position and the lesion degree of pathological tissues.
Referring to Fig. 4, introduce the operating procedure of using method of the present invention:
(1) start preheating, prepare to detect: the instrument preheating 30 minutes of will starting shooting usually, stable to guarantee laser output power; Equipment self-inspection makes it return reset mode then; At this moment, the project that instrument detects automatically comprises: all directions coordinate of computer-controlled three-dimensional travelling table all makes zero, the lamella lucida of clamping is positioned at horizontal direction, and the detection optical fiber probe is popped one's head in incident optical and all is positioned at the same side of clamping lamella lucida, and the instrument output signal is done zero correction.
(2) carry out laser detection, and storage detects data and carries out computing: manually-operated revolving wormgear worm screw clamping device, make two lamella lucidas push down breast or soft tissue (this moment, the people was in relaxation state), after selecting the laser testing parameter according to tested human body concrete condition again, under computer control, successively carry out the laser detection of level and vertical both direction, obtain a plurality of tomography diffuse-reflectance spatial distribution parameters on level and vertical two surfaces respectively; Adopt the Monte Carlo inverse algorithm by computer then, find the solution the absorptance μ of each tomography according to detected parameters
aWith amount to scattering coefficient μ
s', and will the results are shown on the display screen;
The laser work parameter that this step is selected comprises: the operating voltage range of the photomultiplier tube in the photoamplifier circuit is 300～1200V, if avalanche diode then applies running voltage automatically by instrument; The running parameter of three-dimensional travelling table is: x, y, z scanning direction scope 0～25cm, x, y, z scanning direction step pitch 〉=5 μ m, and sweep time≤2 of horizontal direction x minute, the detection optical fiber probe is 1.0～1.6mm with the incident optical probe at the spacing distance Δ y of vertical direction y, and in testing process, both move in the y of breast or soft tissue surfaces direction all the time as a whole together, whenever after moving a step pitch, detection optical fiber probe just with the vertical x direction of moving direction on make one-dimensional scanning, up to the surface of whole breast of traversal or soft tissue, detection of end; After finishing the horizontal direction detection, the diffuse-reflectance space distribution information of a plurality of tomographies of horizontal surface just is stored in the calculator memory.Operating instrument carries out the detection of vertical direction then, and every index of this moment is all identical with horizontal detection with parameter.After finishing vertical detection, the diffuse-reflectance space distribution information of a plurality of tomographies of vertical surface also is stored in the calculator memory.At this moment, whole EOs.In testing process, can carry out " interruption " option operations at any time: stop sampling.
At this moment, instrument enters data processing step, promptly calls in the initial data of level and each tomography on vertical two surfaces respectively, utilizes the computing function of in house software module, uses the Monte Carlo inverse algorithm to find the solution the absorptance μ that obtains each tomography
aWith amount to scattering coefficient μ
s', and on display, show.
(3) diagnosis pathological tissues position and lesion degree:,, intend calculating the particular location and the size of this swollen thing, and shown with pictorial form by the original test data of computer according to both direction if find swollen thing in breast or the soft tissue; From the data base, access the respective absorption coefficient of health tissues again and amount to scattering coefficient, these two normal data are compared, analyze with detecting data, qualitative or quantitatively judge lesion degree.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of optical parameter measuring instrument for mammary gland comprises: the incident optical probe of laser generator and optical fiber coupling output, detection optical fiber probe are then by optical fiber be linked in sequence photodetector, amplifying circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit and computer; It is characterized in that: this optical parameter measuring instrument for mammary gland also is provided with: one by computer-controlled three-dimensional travelling table, this workbench is provided with the supporting rod of two slips, rotation, be respectively applied for and clamp the incident probe and survey probe, so that these two fibre-optical probes can move along direction initialization is whole synchronously, realize the scanning of each tomography of tissue surface is detected; The bottom of this workbench is packed on the connecting rod, and the rear end of this connecting rod installs with a rotating disk that can vertically rotate and becomes one, and makes this connecting rod to rotate synchronously along with the rotation of this vertical dial, and the rear side of this rotating disk is packed on the instrument base; The front end of connecting rod is provided with a forked type support bar, is fixed with a turbine and worm transmission of being made up of double-thread worm and two turbines in the groove of this forked type support bar and pays, and is used for clamping and is examined two lamella lucidas of soft tissue and be packed in this two turbines respectively; When connecting rod rotates, forked type support bar and two lamella lucidas that are clamped on the forked type support bar, and the incident on the three-dimensional travelling table is popped one's head in and the detection probe all can rotate simultaneously, so that tomography detects soft tissue respectively on two mutually perpendicular directions, again the tomography on these two mutually perpendicular directions is detected that data are analyzed, computing, judge and the position and the lesion degree of location pathological tissues.
2, optical parameter measuring instrument for mammary gland according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described laser generator is the near infrared light of 633～900nm through the optical maser wavelength of optical fiber coupling output, and output power range is: 0～1W, and adjustable continuously; Described incident optical probe constitutes 30 °～60 ° angle of light with the normal direction of tested soft tissue surfaces, the detection optical fiber probe is then perpendicular to tested soft tissue surfaces, and this detection probe is that a diameter is that 200～600 μ m, numerical aperture are 0.2～0.3 multimode fibre, and the offset distance (Δ y) of the plane of incidence of the receiving plane of this detection optical fiber probe and incident optical probe is 1.3 ± 0.3mm.
3, optical parameter measuring instrument for mammary gland according to claim 1 is characterized in that: describedly examined other soft tissue that soft tissue is breast, human body or animal.
4, optical parameter measuring instrument for mammary gland according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described soft tissue of being examined is a biologic slice.
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| CNB2007100646254A CN100464695C (en) | 2007-03-21 | 2007-03-21 | Optical parameter measuring instrument for mammary gland and its usage |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102125424A (en) * | 2011-03-11 | 2011-07-20 | 鲍新民 | Artificial dark environment near-infrared mammary gland image collector |
| CN108618759A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-10-09 | 深圳市体医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of mammary gland microwave imaging method and system |
| CN109646026B (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2022-07-22 | 上海联影医疗科技股份有限公司 | Breast image de-scattering processing method and system |
| CN110749490A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-02-04 | 广西华银医学检验所有限公司 | Detection device and detection method for early breast cancer |
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| WO1993017620A1 (en) * | 1992-03-12 | 1993-09-16 | Fischer Imaging Corporation | Isocentric puncture instrument aiming device |
| CN1241395A (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2000-01-19 | 清华大学 | Digital near-infrared medical imaging and foreign body positioning unit |
| WO2003077750A1 (en) * | 2002-03-13 | 2003-09-25 | Tufts University | Optical imaging and oximetry of tissue |
| US20030198315A1 (en) * | 2002-04-23 | 2003-10-23 | Siemens Elema Ab | X-ray diagnostic device for mammography examinations |
| US20050100129A1 (en) * | 2003-07-09 | 2005-05-12 | Mckenna Gilbert | Mammography unit positioning system and method |
| WO2006061357A1 (en) * | 2004-12-10 | 2006-06-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | X-ray exposure device for use in a mammography apparatus |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1993017620A1 (en) * | 1992-03-12 | 1993-09-16 | Fischer Imaging Corporation | Isocentric puncture instrument aiming device |
| CN1241395A (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2000-01-19 | 清华大学 | Digital near-infrared medical imaging and foreign body positioning unit |
| WO2003077750A1 (en) * | 2002-03-13 | 2003-09-25 | Tufts University | Optical imaging and oximetry of tissue |
| US20030198315A1 (en) * | 2002-04-23 | 2003-10-23 | Siemens Elema Ab | X-ray diagnostic device for mammography examinations |
| US20050100129A1 (en) * | 2003-07-09 | 2005-05-12 | Mckenna Gilbert | Mammography unit positioning system and method |
| WO2006061357A1 (en) * | 2004-12-10 | 2006-06-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | X-ray exposure device for use in a mammography apparatus |
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