CN111946409B - Supercritical CO matching sodium stacks 2 Brayton cycle design method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermodynamic systems of reheat recompression Brayton cycle power generation systems, and particularly relates to a supercritical CO matched with a sodium stack 2 Brayton cycle design method. The method comprises three steps and is characterized in that: step one is to build S-CO 2 A working condition calculation program of the recompression reheating power cycle power generation system; step two, calculating S-CO by utilizing global optimizing capability of genetic algorithm 2 The maximum cycle efficiency of the re-compression reheat power cycle power generation system; step three, S-CO calculation 2 And compressing the optimal design working point of the reheating power cycle power generation system. According to the invention, under the condition that the equipment performance and the heat source parameters are determined, the influence of thermodynamic parameters such as the split flow coefficient, the main compressor outlet working medium pressure, the main compressor inlet working medium temperature, the reheating pressure and the like on the system circulation efficiency can be considered, and the maximum system circulation efficiency is obtained through global optimization calculation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermodynamic systems of reheat recompression Brayton cycle power generation systems, and particularly relates to a supercritical CO matched with a sodium stack 2 Brayton cycle design method.
Background
The concept of the fourth generation nuclear power reactor Gen-IV was first proposed at the american society of nuclear medicine, held at 6 in 1999. The 2002 Nuclear energy System International forum (GIF) determines 6 most promising fourth generation nuclear reactors as key research and development objects, namely supercritical Water cooled reactor (SCWR) and ultra-high temperatureA gas cooled reactor (VHTR), a Molten Salt Reactor (MSR), a sodium cooled fast reactor (SFR), a lead cooled fast reactor (LFR), a gas cooled fast reactor (GFR). Among these, sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR) is the most developed of the six types of reactor types, the most mature type of technology is also the only fourth generation reactor type which is verified by practical engineering at present, but the problem of sodium-water reaction becomes one of the most important safety problems in sodium-cooled fast reactors. In order to avoid the influence of the sodium water reactor on the reactor core, the sodium-cooled fast reactor needs to be provided with an intermediate loop and a sodium water reaction accident protection system so as to improve the safety performance as much as possible, thereby greatly increasing the construction cost and the operation cost of the sodium-cooled fast reactor. In order to meet the economical and safety requirements of the system, many advanced technical concepts have emerged in the development of sodium-cooled fast reactor technology, among which supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO 2 ) The brayton cycle system is considered as one of the most promising energy transmission technologies.
Typical S-CO 2 The brayton basic cycle is structured as a simple regenerative cycle, an intercooler cycle, a reheat cycle, a recompression cycle, a precompression cycle, a partial cooling cycle, a dual compression cycle, a partial cooling and an improved regenerative cycle, respectively. Comprehensive recompression of S-CO 2 Brayton cycle system and reheat S-CO 2 Advantages of brayton cycle system, split recompression and one reheat coupled reheat recompression S-CO 2 The brayton cycle system is the most economically viable configuration as shown in figure 1.
S-CO 2 Thermodynamic characteristics of the recompression reheating power cycle power generation system are complex, under the condition that equipment performance and heat source parameters (including compressor efficiency, turbine efficiency, cold end outlet temperature of a heat exchanger and heat exchange temperature difference of a heat regenerator) are fixed, thermodynamic parameters such as a split coefficient, main compressor outlet working medium pressure, main compressor inlet working medium temperature, reheating pressure and the like can influence the cycle efficiency of the power generation system, and the influence of the thermodynamic parameters can be mutually coupled.
At present, although characteristic analysis of influence of each key thermal parameter on cycle efficiency of power generation system is carried out, the method aims at S-CO 2 Recompression reheat power cycle power generation system has not yet been globally optimizedThe design method can consider the coupling influence of each key parameter to obtain the S-CO 2 And compressing the maximum cycle efficiency of the reheat power cycle power generation system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a supercritical CO matched with a sodium stack 2 According to the recompression reheat Brayton cycle design method, under the condition that equipment performance and heat source parameters (including compressor efficiency, turbine efficiency, cold end outlet temperature of a heat exchanger and heat exchange temperature difference of a heat regenerator) are fixed, influences of thermodynamic parameters such as a split flow coefficient, main compressor outlet working medium pressure, main compressor inlet working medium temperature, reheat pressure and the like on the system cycle efficiency can be considered, and the maximum system cycle efficiency is obtained through global optimization calculation.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
supercritical CO matching sodium stacks 2 The Brayton cycle design method comprises three steps, and is characterized in that: step one is to build S-CO 2 A working condition calculation program of the recompression reheating power cycle power generation system; step two, calculating S-CO by utilizing global optimizing capability of genetic algorithm 2 The maximum cycle efficiency of the re-compression reheat power cycle power generation system; step three, S-CO calculation 2 And compressing the optimal design working point of the reheating power cycle power generation system.
Step one, the established S-CO 2 Working condition calculation program of recompression reheating power cycle power generation system can calculate S-CO according to equipment performance, heat source parameters, split coefficient, main compressor outlet working medium pressure, main compressor inlet working medium temperature and reheating pressure 2 And the design working condition of the re-compression reheating power cycle power generation system and the cycle efficiency of the system at the moment.
S-CO 2 The working condition calculation program of the recompression reheating power cycle power generation system has the mathematical form that,
η＝f(x,p 2 ,p 1 ,T 1 ,p 6 )
wherein x is a shunt coefficient; p is p 2 The pressure of working medium at the outlet of the main compressor is MPa; p is p 1 The pressure of working medium at the inlet of the main compressor is MPa; t (T) 1 The temperature of the working medium at the inlet of the main compressor is DEG C; p is p 6 Is reheat pressure, MPa;
S-CO 2 the cycle efficiency eta of the recompression reheating power cycle power generation system is as follows
Wherein P is t1 Working power of the high-pressure turbine is kW; p (P) t2 Working power of the low-pressure turbine is kW; p (P) c1 The power consumption of the main compressor is kW; p (P) c2 The power consumption of the recompression machine is kW; q (Q) 1 The heat exchange power of the heat exchanger 1 is kW; q (Q) 2 The heat exchange power of the heat exchanger 2 is kW.
Step two, calculating S-CO by utilizing the global optimizing capability of a genetic algorithm 2 The maximum cycle efficiency of the re-compression reheat power cycle power generation system;
according to the equipment characteristics and heat source parameters, determining the values of the efficiency of the compressor, the turbine efficiency, the temperature of the cold end outlet of the heat exchanger and the minimum temperature difference of heat exchange of the regenerator, setting the values of the split coefficient, the pressure of the working medium of the outlet of the main compressor, the pressure of the working medium of the inlet of the main compressor, the temperature of the working medium of the inlet of the main compressor and the reheat pressure, and calculating S-CO by utilizing the global optimizing capability of a genetic algorithm 2 And the maximum circulation efficiency of the recompression reheating power circulation power generation system and the corresponding split coefficient, the main compressor outlet working medium pressure, the main compressor inlet working medium temperature and the reheating pressure are valued.
The genetic algorithm, the calculation program of which has the calling format in MATLAB,
[x,fval]＝ga(@all_allvariable,5,[],[],[],[],[7.4e6,305.15,16e6,0.01,11e6],[10e6,313.15,20e6,0.7,15.5e6],[],options)；
step three, calculating S-CO 2 The optimal design working condition point of the recompression reheating power cycle power generation system,
using S-CO of step one 2 Inputting a split coefficient corresponding to the maximum circulation efficiency of the system obtained in the second step, the main compressor outlet working medium pressure, the main compressor inlet working medium temperature and the reheat pressure to obtain the S-CO under the maximum circulation efficiency 2 And compressing the operation parameters of the reheating power cycle power generation system, namely the design working condition points of the reheating power cycle power generation system.
The method is applied to a nuclear reactor using metallic sodium as a coolant.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
under the condition that the equipment performance and heat source parameters (including compressor efficiency, turbine efficiency, cold end outlet temperature of a heat exchanger and heat exchange temperature difference of a heat regenerator) are determined, comprehensively considering the influence of thermodynamic parameters such as a split coefficient, main compressor outlet working medium pressure, main compressor inlet working medium temperature, reheat pressure and the like on the system circulation efficiency, and performing overall optimization calculation to obtain S-CO 2 And compressing the maximum cycle efficiency of the reheating power cycle power generation system and the design working condition of the maximum cycle efficiency.
The invention relates to supercritical CO matched with a sodium-cooled fast reactor 2 The thermodynamic system of the reheat recompression Brayton cycle power generation system provides a global optimization design method, and under the condition that equipment characteristics and heat source parameters (including compressor efficiency, turbine efficiency, cold end outlet temperature of a heat exchanger and heat exchange minimum temperature difference of a heat regenerator) are determined, the system operation parameter with the maximum system cycle efficiency is calculated and obtained, namely, the design working condition point of the system operation parameter is calculated;
the global optimization design method provided by the invention is comprehensive in consideration, and fully considers the influence of parameters such as main compressor inlet working medium pressure, main compressor inlet working medium temperature, main compressor outlet working medium pressure, split coefficient, reheat pressure and the like on the system circulation efficiency;
the global optimization design method provided by the invention uses a genetic algorithm to perform global optimization calculation so as to obtain the system operation parameters when the system circulation efficiency is maximum.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is S-CO 2 And (3) a structural diagram of the recompression reheating power cycle power generation system.
FIG. 2 is S-CO 2 And compressing the working condition calculation program step schematic diagram of the reheating power cycle power generation system.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Supercritical CO matched with sodium stack 2 The Brayton cycle design method comprises three steps, wherein the first step is to establish S-CO 2 A working condition calculation program of the recompression reheating power cycle power generation system; step two, calculating S-CO by utilizing global optimizing capability of genetic algorithm 2 The maximum cycle efficiency of the re-compression reheat power cycle power generation system; step three, S-CO calculation 2 And compressing the optimal design working point of the reheating power cycle power generation system.
Step one: establishing S-CO 2 Working condition calculation program of recompression reheating power cycle power generation system
Established S-CO 2 Working condition calculation program of recompression reheating power cycle power generation system can calculate S-CO according to equipment performance, heat source parameters, split coefficient, main compressor outlet working medium pressure, main compressor inlet working medium temperature and reheating pressure 2 And the design working condition of the re-compression reheating power cycle power generation system and the cycle efficiency of the system at the moment.
S-CO 2 The working condition calculation program mathematical form of the recompression reheating power cycle power generation system is as follows:
η＝f(x,p 2 ,p 1 ,T 1 ,p 6 )
wherein x is a shunt coefficient; p is p 2 The pressure of working medium at the outlet of the main compressor is MPa; p is p 1 The pressure of working medium at the inlet of the main compressor is MPa; t (T) 1 The temperature of the working medium at the inlet of the main compressor is DEG C; p is p 6 Is reheat pressure, MPa.
S-CO 2 Calculation step of working condition calculation program of recompression reheating power cycle power generation systemThe intention is shown in FIG. 2, wherein the calculation procedures of the main compressor calculation procedure, the recompression calculation procedure, the high pressure turbine calculation procedure, the low pressure turbine calculation procedure, the high temperature regenerator heat balance calculation, the low temperature regenerator heat balance calculation, and the like are described in reference Sun Jia. Analysis of dynamic characteristics and control application of the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation system [ D ]]University of harbine industry, 2018.
S-CO 2 The cycle efficiency eta of the recompression reheating power cycle power generation system is as follows
Wherein Q is 1 Heat is absorbed for the heat exchanger 1, W; q (Q) 2 Heat is absorbed for the heat exchanger 2, W; p (P) t1 Working power for the high-pressure turbine, W; p (P) t2 Working power for the low-pressure turbine, W; p (P) c1 Power consumption for the main compressor, W; p (P) c2 And W is the power consumption of the recompression machine.
(2) Step 2: calculating S-CO by utilizing global optimizing capability of genetic algorithm 2 Maximum cycle efficiency of recompression reheat power cycle power generation system
According to the equipment characteristics and heat source parameters, determining the values of the efficiency of the compressor, the turbine efficiency, the temperature of the cold end outlet of the heat exchanger and the minimum temperature difference of heat exchange of the regenerator, setting the values of the split coefficient, the pressure of the working medium of the outlet of the main compressor, the pressure of the working medium of the inlet of the main compressor, the temperature of the working medium of the inlet of the main compressor and the reheat pressure, and calculating S-CO by utilizing the global optimizing capability of a genetic algorithm 2 And the maximum circulation efficiency of the recompression reheating power circulation power generation system and the corresponding split coefficient, the main compressor outlet working medium pressure, the main compressor inlet working medium temperature and the reheating pressure are valued.
The genetic algorithm calculation program has the following call format in MATLAB:
[x,fval]＝ga(@all_allvariable,5,[],[],[],[],[7.4e6,305.15,16e6,0.01,11e6],[10e6,313.15,20e6,0.7,15.5e6],[],options)；
wherein a isll_allvariable is S-CO in step 1 2 A working condition calculation program of the recompression reheating power cycle power generation system; [7.4e6,305.15,16e6,0.01,11e6]The lower limit of the values of the inlet working medium pressure of the main compressor, the inlet working medium temperature of the main compressor, the outlet working medium pressure of the main compressor, the split flow coefficient and the reheating pressure is adopted; [10e6,313.15,20e6,0.7,15.5e6]The upper limit of the values of the inlet working medium pressure of the main compressor, the inlet working medium temperature of the main compressor, the outlet working medium pressure of the main compressor, the split flow coefficient and the reheating pressure is adopted; options are attribute setting functions of genetic algorithm functions; [ x, fval ]]And x is the opposite number +1 of the maximum cycle efficiency of the S-CO2 recompression reheating power cycle power generation system under the current equipment performance and heat source parameters, and fval is the value of the main compressor inlet working medium pressure, the main compressor inlet working medium temperature, the main compressor outlet working medium pressure, the split coefficient and the reheating pressure when the maximum cycle efficiency is reached.
(3) Step 3: calculation of S-CO 2 Optimal design working condition point of recompression reheating power cycle power generation system
By S-CO of step 1 2 Inputting a split coefficient corresponding to the maximum circulation efficiency of the system obtained in the step 2, the pressure of the working medium at the outlet of the main compressor, the pressure of the working medium at the inlet of the main compressor, the temperature of the working medium at the inlet of the main compressor and the reheating pressure into a working condition calculation program of the recompression reheating power circulation power generation system to obtain S-CO under the maximum circulation efficiency 2 And compressing the operation parameters of the reheating power cycle power generation system, namely the design working condition points of the reheating power cycle power generation system.
The invention relates to supercritical CO matched with a sodium-cooled fast reactor 2 The thermodynamic system of the (carbon dioxide) reheat recompression Brayton cycle power generation system provides a global optimization design method, and under the condition that equipment characteristics and heat source parameters (including compressor efficiency, turbine efficiency, cold end outlet temperature of a heat exchanger and heat exchange minimum temperature difference of a heat regenerator) are determined, the system operation parameter with the maximum system cycle efficiency is calculated, namely a design working condition point of the system operation parameter;
the global optimization design method provided by the invention is comprehensive in consideration, and fully considers the influence of parameters such as main compressor inlet working medium pressure, main compressor inlet working medium temperature, main compressor outlet working medium pressure, split coefficient, reheat pressure and the like on the system circulation efficiency;
the global optimization design method provided by the invention uses a genetic algorithm to perform global optimization calculation so as to obtain the system operation parameters when the system circulation efficiency is maximum.
Claims (4)
1. Supercritical CO matching sodium stacks 2 The Brayton cycle design method comprises three steps, and is characterized in that: step one is to build S-CO 2 A working condition calculation program of the recompression reheating power cycle power generation system; step two, calculating S-CO by utilizing global optimizing capability of genetic algorithm 2 The maximum cycle efficiency of the re-compression reheat power cycle power generation system; step three, S-CO calculation 2 The optimal design working condition point of the re-compression reheating power cycle power generation system is achieved;
step one, the established S-CO 2 Working condition calculation program of recompression reheating power cycle power generation system can calculate S-CO according to equipment performance, heat source parameters, split coefficient, main compressor outlet working medium pressure, main compressor inlet working medium temperature and reheating pressure 2 The design working condition of the re-compression reheating power cycle power generation system and the cycle efficiency of the system at the moment;
step two, calculating S-CO by utilizing the global optimizing capability of a genetic algorithm 2 The maximum cycle efficiency of the re-compression reheat power cycle power generation system;
according to the equipment characteristics and heat source parameters, determining the values of the efficiency of the compressor, the turbine efficiency, the temperature of the cold end outlet of the heat exchanger and the minimum temperature difference of heat exchange of the regenerator, setting the values of the split coefficient, the pressure of the working medium of the outlet of the main compressor, the pressure of the working medium of the inlet of the main compressor, the temperature of the working medium of the inlet of the main compressor and the reheat pressure, and calculating S-CO by utilizing the global optimizing capability of a genetic algorithm 2 Maximum circulation efficiency of the recompression reheating power cycle power generation system and corresponding split coefficient, main compressor outlet working medium pressure, main compressor inlet working medium temperature and reheating pressure values;
step three, calculating S-CO 2 The optimal design working condition point of the recompression reheating power cycle power generation system,
using S-CO of step one 2 Inputting a split coefficient corresponding to the maximum circulation efficiency of the system obtained in the second step, the main compressor outlet working medium pressure, the main compressor inlet working medium temperature and the reheat pressure to obtain the S-CO under the maximum circulation efficiency 2 And compressing the operation parameters of the reheating power cycle power generation system, namely the design working condition points of the reheating power cycle power generation system.
2. The supercritical CO matching a sodium stack as claimed in claim 1 2 The brayton cycle design method is characterized in that: S-CO 2 The working condition calculation program of the recompression reheating power cycle power generation system has the mathematical form that,
η＝f(x,p 2 ,p 1 ,T 1 ,p 6 )
wherein x is a shunt coefficient; p is p 2 The pressure of working medium at the outlet of the main compressor is MPa; p is p 1 The pressure of working medium at the inlet of the main compressor is MPa; t (T) 1 The temperature of the working medium at the inlet of the main compressor is DEG C; p is p 6 Is reheat pressure, MPa;
S-CO 2 the cycle efficiency eta of the recompression reheating power cycle power generation system is as follows
Wherein Q is 1 Heat is absorbed for the heat exchanger 1, W; q (Q) 2 Heat is absorbed for the heat exchanger 2, W; p (P) t1 Working power for the high-pressure turbine, W; p (P) t2 Working power for the low-pressure turbine, W; p (P) c1 Power consumption for the main compressor, W; p (P) c2 And W is the power consumption of the recompression machine.
3. The supercritical CO matching a sodium stack as claimed in claim 1 2 The brayton cycle design method is characterized in that: by a means ofThe genetic algorithm, the calculation program of which has the calling format in MATLAB,
[x,fval]＝ga(@all_allvariable,5,[],[],[],[],[7.4e6,305.15,16e6,0.01,11e6],[10e6,313.15,20e6,0.7,15.5e6],[],options)；
wherein all_allvariable is S-CO in the first step 2 A working condition calculation program of the recompression reheating power cycle power generation system;
[7.4e6,305.15,16e6,0.01,11e6] is the lower limit of the values of the inlet working medium pressure of the main compressor, the inlet working medium temperature of the main compressor, the outlet working medium pressure of the main compressor, the split coefficient and the reheat pressure;
[10e6,313.15,20e6,0.7,15.5e6] is the upper limit of the main compressor inlet working medium pressure, main compressor inlet working medium temperature, main compressor outlet working medium pressure, split coefficient, reheat pressure;
options are attribute setting functions of genetic algorithm functions;
[x,fval]wherein x is S-CO under the current equipment performance and heat source parameters 2 And the opposite number +1 of the maximum cycle efficiency of the recompression reheating power cycle power generation system is the value of the main compressor inlet working medium pressure, the main compressor inlet working medium temperature, the main compressor outlet working medium pressure, the split coefficient and the reheating pressure when fval is the maximum cycle efficiency.
4. The supercritical CO matching a sodium stack as claimed in claim 1 2 The brayton cycle design method is characterized in that: the method is applied to a nuclear reactor using metallic sodium as a coolant.
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