CN111946377A - End anchoring enhanced yielding anchor rod device and use method thereof - Google Patents
End anchoring enhanced yielding anchor rod device and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111946377A CN111946377A CN202010959748.XA CN202010959748A CN111946377A CN 111946377 A CN111946377 A CN 111946377A CN 202010959748 A CN202010959748 A CN 202010959748A CN 111946377 A CN111946377 A CN 111946377A
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- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001467 acupuncture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000012266 Needlestick injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/002—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection using explosives charges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/021—Grouting with inorganic components, e.g. cement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/025—Grouting with organic components, e.g. resin
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/008—Anchoring or tensioning means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an end anchoring enhanced yielding anchor rod device and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of geotechnical engineering support. The anchor rod comprises an anchor rod, a tray, a series compression spring, a circular damping guide rail, an elastic resin energy-absorbing ball, a cement cartridge, a sliding type annular acupuncture, an excitation firing pin and a gas generator. When the surrounding rock is greatly deformed, the series compression spring and the elastic resin energy absorption ball deform and yield, when the yielding process is about to end, the firing pin is fired to trigger the gas generator, the sliding type annular needle is pushed to puncture the cement cartridge, and the length of the anchoring section is increased. The underground supporting device is suitable for the field of underground engineering supporting of broken surrounding rocks, and has the advantages of simple structure, strong anchoring property, large yielding and deformation and easiness in installation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an anchor rod device and a using method thereof, in particular to an end anchoring enhanced yielding anchor rod device and a using method thereof, which are suitable for the technical field of weak broken surrounding rock underground engineering support.
Background
The anchor rod (cable) is the most basic and economic and effective support mode in the geotechnical engineering support field, and the anchor rod (cable) is an important component of an underground engineering support system no matter the support mode is a permanent support or a temporary support of underground engineering. Along with the mining trend of mineral resources towards deep parts, the problem of supporting surrounding rocks of high-ground stress roadways (tunnels) is more obvious, accidents such as surrounding rock collapse, roof fall and the like are frequent, new challenges are provided for the prestressed yielding anchor rod (cable) supporting technology, and the problems need to be solved by a more reasonable and scientific supporting technology.
The basic components of the anchor rod (cable) support structure pair are an anchor rod (cable) body, a tray and a nut, and in order to solve the support problem, through continuous improvement and development, a plurality of yielding anchor rods (cables) with different structural forms appear, and the yielding anchor rods (cables) are changed in structural form or developed in the aspect of materials. If CN108071410A sets up wedge resistance increasing piece at the stock tip, CN109184765A increases pneumatic cylinder column casing and piston in the anchor eye, CN208702439U uses steel support tube and steel strand to connect two sections stock and realize the flexibility and lets press, CN201888997U uses the light-cured glass reinforcement muscle to replace traditional steel stock, the above-mentioned pressure anchor pole of letting goes out improves the innovation from the angle of body of rod or pressure structure, in order to reach the effect that the big deformation lets press, but neglected the most important performance index of stock support-anchoring force (withdrawal resistance), after letting the pressure structure reach its working capability limit, how can let the stock fully play better withdrawal resistance ability, namely the stock is difficult to be pulled out then can continue to play the effect of reinforcing country rock. Especially for weak broken surrounding rocks, due to the poor anchoring effect between the anchoring agent and the surrounding rock body, the anchoring force of the anchor rod (cable) is insufficient (the anchoring is not reliable, the anchor rod cannot root), the anchor rod (cable) is very easy to pull out and fails, and the supporting effect of the anchor rod on the surrounding rock body cannot be exerted. Therefore, an anchor rod device capable of realizing large deformation yielding and enhancing anchoring performance is urgently needed to be developed so as to solve the technical problem of large deformation support of weak broken surrounding rock underground engineering (roadways, tunnels and tunnels).
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: the invention provides an end-anchored enhanced yielding anchor rod device and a using method thereof, which not only have a large-deformation yielding function, but also have a function of secondarily enlarging an anchoring section, so that the problem of insufficient anchoring force of the conventional yielding anchor rod device in dealing with weak and broken surrounding rock underground engineering is solved.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses an end anchoring enhanced yielding anchor rod device, which is characterized in that: the anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body, wherein the front end of the anchor rod body is provided with an end anchoring device and a secondary anchoring device, and the tail part of the anchor rod body is provided with a yielding fixing device; the secondary anchoring device is arranged on the anchor rod body close to the end anchoring device, and the yielding fixing device is arranged at the tail end of the anchor rod body;
the end anchoring device comprises a circular damping guide rail and a high-damping rubber piston fixed at the front end of the anchor rod body through a retaining nut, the circular damping guide rail is of a cylindrical piston cylinder structure and is arranged on the outer side of the high-damping rubber piston, the opening of the circular damping guide rail is sealed through a guide rail sealing ring arranged on the anchor rod body, a plurality of bolts are arranged between the guide rail sealing ring and the circular damping guide rail, and a plurality of elastic resin energy absorption balls are filled in the circular damping guide rail between the guide rail sealing ring and the high-damping rubber piston;
the secondary anchoring device is arranged on the anchor rod body and is positioned behind the end anchoring device, and comprises a cement cartridge which is arranged around the anchor rod body and is close to the rear of the guide rail sealing ring, and a cement cartridge sealing breaking device and a force generating device are sequentially arranged on the anchor rod body behind the cement cartridge;
let and press fixing device including setting up rubber backing plate and the tray at stock body of rod tail end, the tray rear is equipped with packing ring and fastening nut, is equipped with series connection compression spring between packing ring and the tray.
The cement cartridge unsealing device comprises a porous annular partition plate and a sliding annular needle which are matched with each other, the porous annular partition plate is arranged between the sliding annular needle and the cement cartridge and ensures that the sliding annular needle cannot contact the cement cartridge, and when the sliding annular needle receives enough extrusion force from the rear, the cement cartridge can be stretched out and punctured through the porous annular partition plate.
The force generating device is an energy storage spring device or a pneumatic generating device.
The pneumatic generating device comprises a firing striker and a gas generator, wherein the firing striker and the gas generator are arranged behind the cement cartridge breaking device, the gas generator is arranged on a sealing ring, the firing striker is matched with the gas generator in position, the sealing ring is arranged on the anchor rod body and is positioned behind the cement cartridge breaking device, a distance is reserved between the gas generator and the firing striker, and a lubricating rubber ring is arranged between the sealing ring and the anchor rod body.
The surface of the outer edge of the sealing ring is provided with annular sawteeth formed by processing annular beveling grooves, and the direction of the sawteeth points to the outside of the hole so as to ensure that the sealing ring and the anchor hole have enough friction force so as not to slide outwards.
The aperture on the porous annular isolation plate is 6-8 mm, the needling diameter of the sliding type annular needling is 2-4 mm, the anchor rod body is provided with 1-3 circles of annular oblique cutting grooves at a distance of 3-5 mm away from the sliding type annular needling, the cutting groove depth is 8-10 mm, the cutting groove width is 2-3 mm, the cutting groove length is 4-6 mm, and the cutting groove length is 20-30 degrees relative to the horizontal included angle, the contact surface of the percussion firing pin and the rod body is provided with a stainless steel elastic sheet which is matched with the oblique grooves, so that the percussion firing pin and the anchor rod body are fixed, 4-6 gas generators are arranged in the sealing ring in an attached manner, and the contact surface of the sealing ring and the rod body is also provided with a lubricating rubber ring.
The gas generator comprises a columnar structure shell, a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the side of the columnar structure shell, a firing hole matched with a firing pin is formed in the circle center of the columnar structure shell, an igniter and micro gunpowder are sequentially arranged in the firing hole, sodium azide is filled in the rest space in the columnar structure shell, the firing pin contacts the igniter and then detonates the micro explosive, the sodium azide is decomposed for a short time to generate nitrogen and solid sodium, the solid sodium azide in the gas generator is decomposed into the nitrogen and the solid sodium, the volume is expanded instantaneously, and a sliding type annular needle stick is pushed to move along the anchor rod body and puncture a cement cartridge.
The excitation firing pins are welded on a ring which is 1-2 mm larger than the diameter of the anchor rod body by 4-8L-shaped firing pins, and the number of the gas generators is matched with that of the L-shaped firing pins; an elastic stainless steel wing is welded on the inner circle of the exciting firing pin ring, the included angle of the elastic stainless steel wing is matched with the inclined angle of the inclined cutting groove of the anchor rod body, the length of the elastic stainless steel wing is consistent with the length of the inclined cutting groove, during installation, the exciting firing pin penetrates through the anchor rod body to slide to the inclined cutting groove, and the stainless steel elastic wing is inserted into the inclined cutting groove in the anchor rod body, so that the triggering firing pin is fixed with the anchor rod body.
The pneumatic generating device comprises a percussion firing pin and a gas generator which are arranged behind the cement cartridge seal breaking device, wherein the gas generator is arranged at the bottom of a cylindrical sleeve, the cylindrical sleeve is arranged on an anchor rod body and matched with the cement cartridge seal breaking device, so that the cement cartridge seal breaking device can slide in the cylindrical sleeve, and the outer layer of the cylindrical sleeve is provided with reversely cut-off processing lines and barbs, so that the cylindrical sleeve cannot move in an anchor hole after being installed; the rock that can effectively prevent to drop in the anchor eye hinders the firing pin and leads to the power generating device to be malfunctioning with the gas generator contact, thereby also can effectively prevent the fracture in the anchor eye simultaneously and lead to the gas that gas generator produced to spill and can not break and seal the cement explosive cartridge.
An anchoring method of an end-anchored enhanced yielding anchor rod device comprises the following steps:
arranging anchor holes in surrounding rock, filling a resin anchoring agent into the anchor holes, then filling an anchor rod body into the anchor holes, feeding the resin anchoring agent into the bottom of each anchor hole through a circular damping guide rail at the head of the anchor rod body, filling the resin anchoring agent into a space between the circular damping guide rail and the bottom of each anchor hole, then sequentially arranging a rubber pad and a tray at the tail of the anchor rod body, and then sequentially installing a compression spring, an inner side gasket and a fastening nut on the anchor rod body behind the tray;
when surrounding rock is deformed, the axial force of the anchor rod body is increased at the moment, the serial compression spring positioned outside the anchor hole is compressed and deformed, the static friction resistance between the high-damping rubber piston and the cylinder wall of the circular damping guide rail keeps the rod body in a static state, when the axial force of the anchor rod body is greater than the static friction resistance, the high-damping rubber piston extrudes the elastic resin energy absorption ball to deform, along with the further increase of the axial force of the anchor rod, the compression stroke of the serial compression spring reaches a compression limit, the elastic resin energy absorption ball is continuously compressed, when the elastic resin energy absorption ball cannot be compressed and deformed in the circular damping guide rail, the elastic resin energy absorption ball reaches a limit state, the firing striker moves along with the anchor rod body in the whole process, the gas generator is fixed in the position of the anchor hole by the sealing ring and does not move on the anchor rod body through the lubricating rubber ring, the firing striker extrudes the gas generator to instantly generate a large amount of gas, and the gas And the anchor rod is discharged and rapidly solidified, and finally the purpose of enhancing the anchoring performance of the anchor rod is achieved.
Has the advantages that: the invention has the pressure yielding function and the performance of enhancing the end anchoring, and overcomes the defect that the existing pressure yielding anchor rod (cable) can only realize the pressure yielding effect singly and has insufficient anchoring force. The series compression spring can provide bigger working resistance undoubtedly than a single spring, the series compression spring and the high-damping rubber piston, the elastic resin energy absorption ball realizes the cooperation inside and outside the hole and gives pressure, so that the pressure-giving process is more compact, the circular damping guide rail not only provides friction resistance for giving pressure to the fixing device, but also provides a closed space for the compression deformation of the elastic resin energy absorption ball, and meanwhile, the larger surface area than the anchor rod enables the initial anchoring performance to be more excellent. Let when pressing fixing device finishes letting press, the firing pin touches and extrudees gas generator, start anchor section expansion link immediately, lubricated rubber ring and sealing washer promote the annular acupuncture of slidingtype and provide airtight environment for gaseous inflation, gas generator's use is very big has simplified the mechanical structure who enlarges anchor length, reduce cost and installation operation's complexity, use sodium azide as gas generation raw materials simultaneously, decomposed nitrogen gas belongs to nontoxic harmless gas, the secondary anchor of cement cartridge is strengthened and is improved anchor device's anchor performance, let the tensile strength of stock obtain full play. In conclusion, the invention has the characteristics of simple structure, strong anchoring property, large yielding and deformation and easy installation, and is suitable for the technical field of supporting of weak and broken surrounding rock underground engineering (roadways, tunnels and tunnels).
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an anchor hole formed in the end-anchored reinforced yielding anchor rod device of the invention.
Fig. 2(a) is a schematic structural view of an end anchoring device provided in the end-anchored-enhanced yielding rock bolt device of the present invention.
Fig. 2(b) is a schematic structural view of an end anchoring device and a secondary anchoring device provided in the end-anchored enhanced yielding rock bolt device of the present invention.
Fig. 2(c) is a schematic structural view of an end anchoring device provided in the end-anchored-enhanced type yielding rock bolt device of the present invention.
FIG. 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the firing pin of the present invention.
Fig. 3(b) is a schematic view of the structure of an elastic stainless steel wing welded to the inner circle of the firing pin ring of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of the gas generator of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a partial view of the outer periphery of the seal ring of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-anchor rod body, 2-surrounding rock, 3-anchor hole, 4-high damping rubber piston, 5-stopping nut, 6-circular damping guide rail, 7-elastic resin energy absorption ball, 8-guide rail closed ring, 9-bolt, 10-resin anchoring agent, 11-cement cartridge, 12-porous annular isolation plate, 13-sliding annular acupuncture, 14-percussion firing pin, 15-gas generator, 16-sealing ring, 17-lubricating rubber ring, 18-rubber cushion plate, 19-tray, 20-series compression spring, 21-inner side of washer, and 22-fastening nut.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to examples in the drawings to which:
as shown in fig. 2(a), 2(b) and 2(c), the end-anchored enhanced yielding anchor rod device comprises an anchor rod body 1, wherein an end-anchored device and a secondary anchoring device are arranged at the front end of the anchor rod body 1, and a yielding fixing device is arranged at the tail end of the anchor rod body; wherein the end anchoring device is arranged at the front end of the anchor rod body 1, the secondary anchoring device is arranged on the anchor rod body 1 close to the end anchoring device, and the yielding fixing device is arranged at the tail end of the anchor rod body 1;
the end anchoring device comprises a circular damping guide rail 6 and a high-damping rubber piston 4 fixed at the front end of the anchor rod body 1 through a retaining nut 5, the circular damping guide rail 6 is of a cylindrical piston cylinder structure and is arranged outside the high-damping rubber piston 4, the opening of the circular damping guide rail 6 is sealed through a guide rail sealing ring 8 arranged on the anchor rod body 1, a plurality of bolts 9 are arranged between the guide rail sealing ring 8 and the circular damping guide rail 6, and a plurality of elastic resin energy-absorbing balls 7 are filled in the circular damping guide rail 6 between the guide rail sealing ring 8 and the high-damping rubber piston 4;
the secondary anchoring device is arranged on the anchor rod body 1 and behind the end anchoring device, and comprises a cement cartridge 11 which is arranged around the anchor rod body 1 and clings to the back of the guide rail sealing ring 8, a cement cartridge sealing breaking device and a force generating device are sequentially arranged on the anchor rod body 1 behind the cement cartridge 11, and the force generating device is an energy storage spring device or a pneumatic generating device;
the aperture on the porous annular isolation plate 12 is 6-8 mm, the needling diameter of the sliding annular needling 13 is 2-4 mm, 1-3 circles of annular oblique cutting grooves are processed at the position 3-5 mm away from the sliding annular needling 13 on the anchor rod body 1, the cutting groove depth is 8-10 mm, the cutting groove width is 2-3 mm, the cutting groove length is 4-6 mm, and the included angle with the horizontal is 20-30 degrees, a stainless steel elastic sheet is arranged on the contact surface of the percussion firing pin 14 and the rod body 1 and is matched with the oblique grooves, so that the percussion firing pin 14 and the anchor rod body 1 are fixed, 4-6 gas generators 15 attached to the inner side of the sealing ring 16 are arranged, and a lubricating rubber ring 17 is further arranged on the contact surface of the sealing ring 16 and the rod body 1, so that;
the cement cartridge unsealing device comprises a porous annular partition plate 12 and a sliding annular acupuncture 13 which are matched with each other, the porous annular partition plate 12 is arranged between the sliding annular acupuncture 13 and the cement cartridge 11 and ensures that the sliding annular acupuncture 13 cannot contact the cement cartridge 11, and when the sliding annular acupuncture 13 is subjected to enough extrusion force from the rear, the sliding annular acupuncture 13 can extend out through the porous annular partition plate 12 and puncture the cement cartridge 11; as shown in fig. 3(a), the exciting firing pins 14 are welded on a circular ring with the diameter 1-2 mm larger than the anchor rod body 1 by 4-8L-shaped firing pins, and the number of the gas generators 15 is matched with the number of the L-shaped firing pins; as shown in fig. 3(b), an elastic stainless steel wing is welded on the inner circle of the circular ring of the firing pin 14, the included angle of the elastic stainless steel wing is matched with the inclined angle of the inclined groove of the anchor rod body 1, the length of the elastic stainless steel wing is also consistent with the length of the inclined groove, when the firing pin 14 is installed, the firing pin 14 penetrates through the anchor rod body 1 and slides to the inclined groove, and the stainless steel elastic wing is inserted into the inclined groove in the anchor rod body 1, so that the firing pin 14 is fixed with the anchor rod body 1.
The first embodiment of the pneumatic generating device comprises a percussion striker 14 and a gas generator 15 which are arranged behind a cement cartridge seal breaking device, wherein the gas generator 15 is arranged on a sealing ring 16, the percussion striker 14 is matched with the gas generator 15 in position, the sealing ring 16 is arranged on an anchor rod body 1 and is positioned behind the cement cartridge seal breaking device, a distance is reserved between the gas generator 15 and the percussion striker 14, a lubricating rubber ring 17 is arranged between the sealing ring 16 and the anchor rod body 1, as shown in fig. 5, annular sawteeth formed by annular chamfer groove processing are arranged on the surface of the outer edge of the sealing ring 16, and the direction of the sawteeth points to the outside of a hole so as to ensure that the sealing ring 16 and an anchor hole 3 have enough friction force and cannot slide outwards 3;
the second embodiment of the pneumatic generating device comprises a percussion firing pin 14 and a gas generator 15 which are arranged behind the cement cartridge seal breaking device, wherein the gas generator 15 is arranged at the bottom of a cylindrical sleeve, the cylindrical sleeve is arranged on the anchor rod body 1 and matched with the cement cartridge seal breaking device, so that the cement cartridge seal breaking device can slide in the cylindrical sleeve, and the outer layer of the cylindrical sleeve is provided with reverse cut-off processing lines and barbs, so that the cylindrical sleeve cannot move in the anchor hole 3 after being installed; the force generating device can be effectively prevented from being out of order due to the fact that falling stones in the anchor hole 3 prevent the firing pin 14 from contacting the gas generator 15, and meanwhile, the gas generated by the gas generator 15 can be effectively prevented from overflowing due to cracks in the anchor hole 3 and the cement cartridge 11 cannot be broken.
As shown in fig. 4, the gas generator 15 includes a cylindrical structure housing, a plurality of exhaust holes are respectively arranged on the side of the cylindrical structure housing, a firing hole matched with the firing striker 14 is formed in the center of the cylindrical structure housing, an igniter and a micro gunpowder are successively arranged in the firing hole, the rest space in the cylindrical structure housing is filled with sodium azide, the firing striker 14 contacts the igniter and then detonates the micro explosive, so that the sodium azide is decomposed for a short time to generate nitrogen and solid sodium, the solid sodium azide in the gas generator 15 is decomposed into nitrogen and solid sodium, the volume is expanded instantaneously, and the sliding type annular needle 13 is pushed to move along the anchor rod body 1 and puncture the cement cartridge 11.
The yielding fixing device comprises a rubber cushion plate 18 and a tray 19 which are arranged at the tail end of the anchor rod body 1, a gasket 21 and a fastening nut 22 are arranged behind the tray 19, and a series compression spring 20 is arranged between the gasket 21 and the tray 19.
An application method of an end anchoring enhanced yielding anchor rod device comprises the following steps:
arranging an anchor hole 3 on a surrounding rock 2, plugging a resin anchoring agent 10 into the anchor hole 3, as shown in fig. 1, then plugging an anchor rod body 1 into the anchor hole 3, feeding the resin anchoring agent 10 into the bottom of the anchor hole 3 through a circular damping guide rail 6 at the head of the anchor rod body 1, so that the resin anchoring agent 10 fills a space between the circular damping guide rail 6 and the bottom of the anchor hole 3, then sequentially arranging a rubber pad 18 and a tray 19 at the tail of the anchor rod body 1, and then sequentially arranging a compression spring 20, an inner side gasket 21 and a fastening nut 22 behind the tray 19 on the anchor rod body 1, wherein the compression spring 20 has a certain compression stroke;
when the surrounding rock 2 deforms, the axial force of the anchor rod body 1 increases, the series compression spring 20 positioned outside the hole of the anchor hole 3 is compressed and deformed, the static friction resistance between the high-damping rubber piston 4 and the cylinder wall of the circular damping guide rail 6 keeps the rod body 1 in a static state, when the axial force of the anchor rod body 1 is greater than the static friction resistance, the high-damping rubber piston 4 extrudes the elastic resin energy-absorbing ball 7 to deform, along with the further increase of the axial force of the anchor rod, the compression stroke of the series compression spring 20 reaches a compression limit, the elastic resin energy-absorbing ball 7 continues to be compressed, when the elastic resin energy-absorbing ball 7 cannot be compressed and deformed on the circular damping guide rail 6, the elastic resin energy-absorbing ball 7 reaches a limit state, the firing striker 14 moves along with the anchor rod body 1 in the whole process, the gas generator 15 is fixed in the position of the anchor hole 3 by the sealing ring 16 and does not move on the anchor, a large amount of gas is generated instantaneously, the gas pushes the sliding type annular acupuncture 13 to slide in the closed space of the anchor hole 3 so as to puncture the cement cartridge 11 to enable the cement to flow out and solidify rapidly, and finally the purpose of enhancing the anchoring performance of the anchor rod is achieved.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an end anchor enhancement mode lets presses stock device which characterized in that: the anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body (1), wherein the front end of the anchor rod body (1) is provided with an end head anchoring device and a secondary anchoring device, and the tail part of the anchor rod body is provided with a yielding fixing device; wherein the end anchoring device is arranged at the front end of the anchor rod body (1), the secondary anchoring device is arranged on the anchor rod body (1) close to the end anchoring device, and the yielding fixing device is arranged at the tail end of the anchor rod body (1);
the end anchoring device comprises a circular damping guide rail (6) and a high-damping rubber piston (4) fixed at the front end of the anchor rod body (1) through a retaining nut (5), the circular damping guide rail (6) is of a cylindrical piston cylinder structure and is arranged on the outer side of the high-damping rubber piston (4), an opening of the circular damping guide rail (6) is sealed through a guide rail sealing ring (8) arranged on the anchor rod body (1), a plurality of bolts (9) are arranged between the guide rail sealing ring (8) and the circular damping guide rail (6), and a plurality of elastic resin energy-absorbing balls (7) are filled in the circular damping guide rail (6) between the guide rail sealing ring (8) and the high-damping rubber piston (4);
the secondary anchoring device is arranged on the anchor rod body (1) and behind the end anchoring device, and comprises a cement cartridge (11) which is arranged close to the rear of the guide rail sealing ring (8) and surrounds the anchor rod body (1), and a cement cartridge sealing breaking device and a force generating device are sequentially arranged on the anchor rod body (1) behind the cement cartridge (11);
let and press fixing device including setting up rubber backing plate (18) and tray (19) at stock body of rod (1) tail end, tray (19) rear is equipped with packing ring (21) and fastening nut (22), is equipped with series connection compression spring (20) between packing ring (21) and tray (19).
2. The end-anchored reinforced yielding bolt device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cement cartridge unsealing device comprises a porous annular isolation plate (12) and a sliding annular needle stick (13) which are matched with each other, the porous annular isolation plate (12) is arranged between the sliding annular needle stick (13) and the cement cartridge (11) and ensures that the sliding annular needle stick (13) can not contact with the cement cartridge (11), and the sliding annular needle stick (13) can stretch out and puncture the cement cartridge (11) through the porous annular isolation plate (12) after receiving enough extrusion force from the rear.
3. The end-anchored reinforced yielding bolt device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the force generating device is an energy storage spring device or a pneumatic generating device.
4. The end-anchored reinforced yielding bolt device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pneumatic generating device comprises a firing striker (14) and a gas generator (15) which are arranged behind the cement cartridge breaking device, wherein the gas generator (15) is arranged on a sealing ring (16), the firing striker (14) is matched with the gas generator (15) in position, the sealing ring (16) is arranged on the anchor rod body (1) and is positioned behind the cement cartridge breaking device, a distance is reserved between the gas generator (15) and the firing striker (14), and a lubricating rubber ring (17) is arranged between the sealing ring (16) and the anchor rod body (1).
5. The end-anchored reinforced yielding bolt device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the surface of the outer edge of the sealing ring (16) is provided with annular sawteeth formed by annular beveling groove treatment, and the direction of the sawteeth points to the outside of the hole, so that the sealing ring (16) and the anchor hole (3) have enough friction force and cannot slide outwards (3).
6. The end-anchored enhanced yielding bolt device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the hole diameter on porous annular division board (12) is 6 ~ 8mm, and the acupuncture diameter of slidingtype annular acupuncture (13) is 2 ~ 4mm, and the stock body of rod (1) is equipped with 1 ~ 3 rings of cyclic annular oblique grooving in 3 ~ 5mm departments apart from slidingtype annular acupuncture (13), grooving degree of depth 8 ~ 10mm, grooving width 2 ~ 3mm, grooving length 4 ~ 6mm, and be 20 ~ 30 with horizontal contained angle, percussion firing pin (14) are equipped with the stainless steel shell fragment with body of rod (1) contact surface, and with the chute phase-match to fixed percussion firing pin (14) and the stock body of rod (1), survey in sealing ring (16) and attach gas generator (15) have 4 ~ 6, and sealing ring (16) still are equipped with lubricated rubber ring (17) with body of rod (1) contact surface, guarantee the space seal.
7. The end-anchored reinforced yielding bolt device as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the gas generator (15) comprises a columnar structure shell, a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the side of the columnar structure shell, a firing hole matched with a firing pin (14) is formed in the center of the columnar structure shell, an igniter and micro gunpowder are sequentially arranged in the firing hole, the rest space in the columnar structure shell is filled with sodium azide, the firing pin (14) contacts with the igniter and then detonates the micro explosive, the sodium azide is decomposed for a short time to generate nitrogen and solid sodium, the solid sodium azide in the gas generator (15) is decomposed into nitrogen and solid sodium, the volume is expanded instantaneously, and the sliding type annular needle prick (13) is pushed to move along the anchor rod body (1) and prick the cement explosive roll (11).
8. The end-anchored reinforced yielding bolt device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the excitation firing pins (14) are welded on a ring which is 1-2 mm larger than the diameter of the anchor rod body (1) through 4-8L-shaped firing pins, and the number of the gas generators (15) is matched with that of the L-shaped firing pins; an elastic stainless steel wing is welded on the inner circle of the circular ring of the exciting firing pin (14), the included angle of the elastic stainless steel wing is matched with the inclined angle of the inclined cutting groove of the anchor rod body (1), the length of the elastic stainless steel wing is consistent with the length of the inclined cutting groove, when the exciting firing pin is installed, the exciting firing pin (14) penetrates through the anchor rod body (1) to slide to the inclined cutting groove, and the stainless steel elastic wing is inserted into the inclined cutting groove in the anchor rod body (1), so that the triggering firing pin (14) is fixed with the anchor rod body (1).
9. The end-anchored enhanced yielding bolt device as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the pneumatic generating device comprises a firing pin (14) and a gas generator (15) which are arranged behind the cement cartridge seal breaking device, wherein the gas generator (15) is arranged at the bottom of a cylindrical sleeve, the cylindrical sleeve is arranged on the anchor rod body (1) and matched with the cement cartridge seal breaking device, so that the cement cartridge seal breaking device can slide in the cylindrical sleeve, and the outer layer of the cylindrical sleeve is provided with reverse cut-off processing lines and barbs so that the cylindrical sleeve cannot move in the anchor hole (3) after being installed; the force generating device can effectively prevent stones falling in the anchor hole (3) from obstructing the contact between the firing pin (14) and the gas generator (15) to cause the failure of the force generating device, and can also effectively prevent gas generated by the gas generator (15) from overflowing due to cracks in the anchor hole (3) so as not to break and seal the cement explosive cartridge (11).
10. The use method of the end-anchored reinforced yielding bolt device of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
arranging an anchor hole (3) on a surrounding rock (2), plugging a resin anchoring agent (10) into the anchor hole (3), then plugging an anchor rod body (1) into the anchor hole (3), feeding the resin anchoring agent (10) into the bottom of the anchor hole (3) through a circular damping guide rail (6) at the head of the anchor rod body (1), filling the resin anchoring agent (10) into a space between the circular damping guide rail (6) and the bottom of the anchor hole (3), then sequentially arranging a rubber pad (18) and a tray (19) at the tail of the anchor rod body (1), and then sequentially arranging a compression spring (20), an inner side gasket (21) and a fastening nut (22) behind the tray (19) on the anchor rod body (1);
when surrounding rock (2) deforms, the axial force of the anchor rod body (1) is increased at the moment, the series compression spring (20) located outside the hole of the anchor hole (3) is compressed and deformed, the static friction resistance between the high-damping rubber piston (4) and the cylindrical wall of the circular damping guide rail (6) enables the rod body (1) to be kept in a static state, when the axial force of the anchor rod body (1) is larger than the static friction resistance, the high-damping rubber piston (4) extrudes the elastic resin energy-absorbing ball (7) to deform, the compression stroke of the series compression spring (20) reaches the compression limit along with the further increase of the axial force of the anchor rod, the elastic resin energy-absorbing ball (7) continues to be compressed, when the elastic resin energy-absorbing ball (7) cannot be compressed and deformed in the circular damping guide rail (6), a firing striker (14) moves along with the anchor rod body (1) in the whole process, and the gas generator (15) is fixed in the position of the anchor hole (3) by the sealing ring (16) without moving through the lubricating 1) And when the anchor rod moves upwards, the firing pin (14) extrudes the gas generator (15) to instantly generate a large amount of gas, and the gas pushes the sliding type annular needle (13) to slide in the closed space of the anchor hole (3) so as to puncture the cement cartridge (11) to enable the cement to flow out and solidify rapidly, thereby finally achieving the purpose of enhancing the anchoring performance of the anchor rod.
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| CN202010959748.XA CN111946377B (en) | 2020-09-14 | 2020-09-14 | End anchoring enhancement type yielding anchor rod device and application method thereof |
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| CN202010959748.XA CN111946377B (en) | 2020-09-14 | 2020-09-14 | End anchoring enhancement type yielding anchor rod device and application method thereof |
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