CN111946352B - Deformation control method for mining roadway - Google Patents
Deformation control method for mining roadway Download PDFInfo
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- CN111946352B CN111946352B CN202010714153.8A CN202010714153A CN111946352B CN 111946352 B CN111946352 B CN 111946352B CN 202010714153 A CN202010714153 A CN 202010714153A CN 111946352 B CN111946352 B CN 111946352B
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a deformation control method for a mining roadway, relates to the technical field of coal mining, and can effectively control the deformation of the mining roadway. The method comprises the following steps: determining the blasting direction and the blasting depth of the directional blasting according to the engineering geological conditions of the transportation lane and the auxiliary transportation lane and the lane trend; the auxiliary conveying lane is provided with a second working face; the auxiliary conveying lane and the conveying lane are arranged at intervals and extend in parallel; and performing directional blasting on the top of the roadway of the haulage roadway at a first preset distance away from the mining front of the first working face according to the blasting direction and the blasting depth so as to break and connect the top rock stratum between the first working face and the second working face. The invention can be used in the field of coal mining.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a deformation control method for a mining roadway.
Background
With the increase of coal mining depth in China, the stress environment of surrounding rock of the roadway deteriorates, and the number of large-deformation roadways is gradually increased. At present, due to the shortage of mining continuation, the mining roadways of most mining areas adopt double-roadway tunneling, namely, the mining roadways of adjacent working faces are simultaneously excavated, and the formed main structure can comprise an upper working face transportation roadway, an auxiliary transportation roadway of the working face and a section coal pillar between the two working faces. The working face auxiliary conveying lane is influenced by mining operation of the adjacent working face conveying lane, so the working face auxiliary conveying lane is also called a mining lane.
The auxiliary transportation roadway is a typical deep mining roadway, not only bears stress concentration generated by deep self excavation, but also further superposes deep mining stress fields caused by mining of the previous working face, increases surrounding rock stress of the auxiliary transportation roadway, obviously increases deformation and increases supporting difficulty. For example, for a roadway with deep mining affected, the supporting pressure may be 2 to 5 times of the original rock stress, and the surrounding rock is stressed more. As shown in fig. 1, the overburden structure between two working faces is greatly asymmetric because the last working face is mined out, so that the mining roadway has remarkable large non-uniform deformation and strong bottom heave. At present, common supports such as anchor rods and anchor cables cannot effectively control the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a deformation control method for a mining roadway, which can effectively control deformation of the mining roadway.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a deformation control method of the mining roadway, which comprises the following steps: determining the blasting direction and the blasting depth of the directional blasting according to the engineering geological conditions of the transportation lane and the auxiliary transportation lane and the lane trend; the auxiliary conveying lane is provided with a second working face; the auxiliary conveying lane and the conveying lane are arranged at intervals and extend in parallel; and performing directional blasting on the top of the roadway of the haulage roadway at a first preset distance away from the mining front of the first working face according to the blasting direction and the blasting depth so as to break and connect the top rock stratum between the first working face and the second working face.
Optionally, before performing directional blasting on the top of the haulage roadway at a first preset distance from the mining front of the first working face according to the blasting direction and the blasting depth, the method further includes: and performing loosening blasting on the bottom of the auxiliary conveying roadway at a second preset distance from the mining front of the first working face, wherein the second preset distance is greater than the first preset distance.
Optionally, the method further includes: respectively determining the spacing between a plurality of directional blasting sites and the spacing between a plurality of loosening blasting sites according to the rock lithology of the transportation lane and the auxiliary transportation lane; loading explosives into each of the directional blasting sites and each of the loose blasting sites; and blasting each directional blasting site and each loose blasting site in sequence in the process that the first working face moves forward along with the excavation work.
Optionally, the second preset distance is 80 to 100 meters.
Optionally, the first preset distance is 50-80 meters.
Optionally, the method further includes: determining surrounding rock stress and deformation degree of the auxiliary conveying roadway according to mining conditions of the first working face and the second working face; and arranging a plurality of supporting devices in the surrounding rocks of the auxiliary conveying roadway according to the stress and the deformation degree of the surrounding rocks of the auxiliary conveying roadway.
Optionally, the haulage roadway and the auxiliary haulage roadway are separated by a section coal pillar; at least one part of the supporting device is arranged in the section coal pillar, and the supporting device in the section coal pillar is of an internal hollow structure; the method further comprises the following steps: and grouting and reinforcing the interior of the section coal pillar through the hollow structure.
Optionally, the support device comprises a bolt and/or an anchor cable.
According to the deformation control method of the mining roadway provided by the embodiment of the invention, a first working face is arranged in the transportation roadway; a second working face is arranged in the auxiliary conveying roadway; the auxiliary transportation lane and the transportation lane are arranged at intervals and extend in parallel; the roof of the haulage roadway is directionally blasted at a first predetermined distance from the front of mining at the first face to break the roof strata between the first face and the second face. Like this, when mining first working face in the haulage roadway, even the coal seam in the first working face is excavated, the stratum above the first working face falls, because the top stratum between first working face and the second working face has been broken the schizolysis by directional blasting and link to each other, thereby can not give the stratum above the second working face with the high stress conduction, also can not extrude the stratum above the second working face and produce huge lateral stress, thereby effectively avoided the country rock of supplementary haulage roadway to produce too big deformation and pucking because of the influence of mining.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art mining roadway deformed configuration;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a deformation control method for a mining roadway according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of a roadway structure formed by a deformation control method for a mining roadway according to an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 4 is a schematic view of a distribution of support means in a mining roadway according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a front view of blast holes in a deformation control method for a mining roadway according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic charging diagram of blast holes in the deformation control method for a mining roadway according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is another schematic charging diagram of blast holes in the deformation control method for a mining roadway according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a deformation control method for a mining roadway, including:
s51, determining the blasting direction and the blasting depth of the directional blasting according to the engineering geological conditions of the transportation lane and the auxiliary transportation lane and the lane trend; the auxiliary conveying lane is provided with a second working face; the auxiliary conveying lane and the conveying lane are arranged at intervals and extend in parallel;
and S52, performing directional blasting on the top of the roadway of the haulage roadway at a first preset distance away from the mining front of the first working face according to the blasting direction and the blasting depth, so that the top rock stratum between the first working face and the second working face is broken and connected.
According to the deformation control method for the mining roadway, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the blasting direction and the blasting depth of directional blasting can be determined according to the engineering geological conditions of the transportation roadway and the auxiliary transportation roadway and the trend of the roadway, and the top of the roadway of the transportation roadway is subjected to directional blasting at a first preset distance away from the mining front of the first working face according to the blasting direction and the blasting depth, so that the top rock stratum between the first working face and the second working face is broken and connected. Like this, when mining first working face 11 in haulage way 1, even the colliery in first working face 11 is dug out, the stratum of first working face top is fallen, because the top stratum between first working face 11 and the second working face 21 has been broken the schizolysis by directional blasting and has been connected to can not give the stratum of second working face 21 top with high stress conduction, also can not extrude the stratum of second working face 21 top and produce huge lateral stress, thereby effectively avoided the country rock of auxiliary transport way 2 to produce too big deformation and pucking because of the influence of mining.
In the method for controlling deformation of a mining roadway according to the embodiment of the present invention, the mining roadway refers to a roadway affected by mining, and specifically, the mining roadway refers to the auxiliary transport roadway 2 in the embodiment of the present invention.
For example, a roadway structure formed according to the deformation control method for a mining roadway shown in fig. 2 may be as shown in fig. 3. As shown in fig. 3, the tunnel structure may include:
the transportation system comprises a transportation lane 1, wherein a first working surface 11 is arranged in the transportation lane 1;
the auxiliary conveying lane 2 is provided with a second working surface 21; the auxiliary transportation lane 2 and the transportation lane 1 are arranged at intervals and extend in parallel;
the roof 13 of the haulage roadway is directionally blasted at a first predetermined distance from the mining front of the first face 11 to fracture the roof strata between the first face 11 and the second face 21.
Like this, when mining first working face 11 in haulage way 1, even the coal seam in first working face 11 is dug out, the stratum above the first working face falls, because the top stratum between first working face 11 and second working face 21 has been broken the schizolysis by the directional blasting and has been connected to can not give the stratum above second working face 21 high stress conduction, also can not extrude the stratum above second working face 21 and produce huge lateral stress, thereby effectively avoided the country rock of auxiliary haulage way 2 to produce too big deformation and pucking because of the influence of mining.
In particular implementation, in order to control the effect of the mining operation of the first face 11 on the secondary roadway 2 of the second face 21, and also in order not to affect the mining operation of the first face 11, the inventors have found in their research that directional blasting may be performed at a suitable distance before the mining operation of the first face 11. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, directional blasting of the top rock formation of the haulage roadway 1 may be performed at a first predetermined distance L1, for example 50-80 meters, ahead of the first face 11, which may achieve better deformation control without affecting the mining operation of the first face 11.
In further studies, the inventor finds that as the first working face 11 is mined out and the rock formation on the top of the first working face 11 is gradually pressed down, the rock formation on the bottom of the haulage roadway 1 is subjected to huge stresses, and the stresses can be transmitted to the bottom of the auxiliary haulage roadway 2 of the second working face 21 through the rock formation on the bottom, so that the bottom of the auxiliary haulage roadway 2 is caused to bulge, and strong bottom heave is generated.
In order to solve the above problem, referring again to fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, before the step S52, before directional blasting is performed on the roadway roof of the haulage roadway at a first preset distance from the first face mining front according to the blasting direction and the blasting depth, the method further includes:
and performing loosening blasting on the bottom of the auxiliary transportation lane at a second preset distance L2 from the mining front of the first working face, wherein the second preset distance is greater than the first preset distance L1, and for example, the second preset distance may be 80-100 m. In this way, since the bottom of the auxiliary conveyor lane 2 is loosely blasted, even if the first face 11 generates a lateral compressive stress, the stress is absorbed by the crushed stones generated after the loose blasting of the bottom of the auxiliary conveyor lane 2, and the stress is not accumulated to generate a bottom heave.
It should be noted that as the first face mining operation progresses, the first face will gradually move forward. Referring to fig. 3, the arrow indicates a direction in which the coal mine in the first working face 11 is excavated, i.e., a direction in which the first working face 11 advances. With the forward movement of the first working face 11, it is also possible to perform more directional blasting and loosening blasting on the haulage drift 1 and the auxiliary haulage drift 2. The directional blasting site and the loose blasting site can be respectively shown as a string of small circles in the transportation lane 1 and a string of small circles in the auxiliary transportation lane 2 in fig. 3.
In a specific implementation, in an embodiment of the present invention, the method for controlling deformation of a mining roadway according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include:
respectively determining the spacing between a plurality of directional blasting sites and the spacing between a plurality of loosening blasting sites according to the rock lithology of the transportation lane and the auxiliary transportation lane;
loading explosives into each of the directional blasting sites and each of the loose blasting sites;
and blasting each directional blasting site and each loose blasting site in sequence in the process that the first working face moves forward along with the excavation work.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, in order to control the deformation of the secondary roadway, in addition to trying to eliminate the effect of the mining operation of the adjacent first face 11, the supporting means of the secondary roadway may be modified.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the method may further include:
determining surrounding rock stress and deformation degree of the auxiliary conveying roadway according to mining conditions of the first working face and the second working face;
and arranging a plurality of supporting devices in the surrounding rock of the auxiliary conveying roadway according to the stress and the deformation degree of the surrounding rock of the auxiliary conveying roadway.
For example, for a position with large surrounding rock deformation, a dense supporting device 3 can be arranged, and for a position with small surrounding rock deformation, a sparse supporting device 3 can be arranged, so that the surrounding rock of the auxiliary conveying roadway 2 can be supported more effectively, and the surrounding rock is prevented from being severely deformed.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, in one embodiment of the invention, the haulage roadway 1 and the secondary haulage roadway 2 are separated by section pillars 4; at least one part of the supporting device 3 is arranged in the section coal pillar, and the supporting device in the section coal pillar is of an internal hollow structure; the method further comprises the following steps: and grouting and reinforcing the interior of the section coal pillar through the hollow structure. Because both sides of the coal pillar of the section 4 are roadways, the roadway can bear larger stress, and the supporting device with a hollow structure is used for grouting into the coal pillar of the section 4, so that cracks in the coal pillar of the section 4 can be closed, and the coal pillar of the section 4 has higher strength.
Optionally, the supporting device may include various devices such as anchor rods and/or anchor cables, which are beneficial to enhance the supporting strength of the surrounding rock.
The following describes a method for controlling deformation of a mining roadway according to an embodiment of the present invention in detail by using a specific embodiment.
For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary transportation lane may be differentially supported, and then high stress may be transferred in the modes of bottom plate loosening blasting, advanced directional pre-splitting of the working face, and the like. The directional blasting and the loosening blasting may be performed as follows:
step one, determining the blasting direction and the blasting depth of directional blasting according to the engineering geological conditions of a transportation lane and an auxiliary transportation lane and the lane trend;
secondly, according to the blasting direction and the blasting depth, arranging a pre-splitting blast hole for loosening blasting in an auxiliary transportation lane 150 meters away from the mining front of the first working face, and arranging a pre-splitting blast hole for directional blasting in a transportation lane 100 meters away from the mining front of the first working face; as shown in fig. 5, the depths d1, d2 and the angles α, β of the two types of pre-split blastholes may be different according to geological conditions. A schematic of the charge configuration for directional blasting may be as shown in figure 6. A schematic of the charging of a loose blast may be as shown in figure 7.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the specific implementation of charging and sealing may include the following steps:
the reference numbers in fig. 6 and 7 are defined as follows: 71-booster, 72-joint-cutting explosive charge, 73-detonator, 74-sealing stemming, 75-rock stratum, 76-detonating cord, 81-booster, 82-explosive, 83-sealing stemming, 84-detonator, 85-rock stratum, 86-detonating cord
1) Probe hole
In the step, a hole detecting pipe and a hole detecting head are needed, the hole detecting head needs to be the same as the blasting cartridge in size, the hole detecting head needs to be manufactured in advance, one set of hole detecting pipe and one set of hole detecting head need to be used for standby. In the exploratory hole, the gun rods are connected one by one, penetrate into the bottom of the hole to detect the depth of the gun hole, a specially-assigned person is required to record, and then the final charge and the length of the hole sealing are determined by comparing the recorded depth with the designed size of the drilled hole.
2) Manufacture of anti-skid devices
And (3) processing a small penetrating hole at the position of 100mm at the end of each section of the blasting cartridge, inserting an anti-skid device into the small penetrating hole, and adjusting the number of the anti-skid devices according to the number of the blasting cartridges.
3) Production of primary explosive
A section of blasting cartridge is taken, two holes with the diameter of about 4mm are drilled in the rear of the bottom end of the cartridge, the two holes are required to penetrate through a blasting bus, the bus respectively penetrates through each small hole, a wire head with the diameter of 100mm is reserved at the front end of the bus and is knotted to prevent the bus from sliding out of each small hole, the wire head of the bus is respectively connected with two coal mine allowable electric detonators, the joint of the wire heads is tightly wrapped by waterproof insulating tapes, the resistance of the coal mine allowable electric detonators is measured before connection to determine the conduction condition of the coal mine allowable electric detonators, the connected coal mine allowable electric detonators are placed into explosive, and the rear cover of the blasting cartridge is covered.
4) Sequential charge
A roll of blasting cartridges is pushed into the hole by the aid of the gun rods, the number of the blasting cartridges and the number of the gun rods which are fed into the hole at each time need to be recorded, and the blasting cartridges and the length of the exploratory hole are compared to determine whether the fed blasting cartridges are fed to a specified position. At most, no more than three blasting cartridges are pushed at one time, otherwise, the blasting cartridges are pushed by workers immovably and are easy to jam.
5) Plugging yellow mud
The hole sealing is carried out by adopting a compressed air medicine loading device and an antistatic flame-retardant plastic pipe to seal holes by compressed air and spraying mud. The hole sealing material is slightly tide loess, and the used yellow mud is sieved in advance. The wind pressure is 0.7MPa, and when the wind pressure is insufficient (less than 0.35 MPa), hole sealing cannot be performed. And the rest blast holes are all plugged by yellow mud, the hole plugging pipe is slowly drawn out along with the continuous increase of the hole plugging distance in the plugging process, and a section of bus is exposed at the hole opening after the stemming is sealed, so that the blast holes can be conveniently connected and blasted.
If the exploratory hole is not smooth and is blocked, the high-pressure water pipe is firstly put down, rock slag in the hole is removed by high-pressure water, and then accumulated water in the hole is removed by compressed air. And (5) carrying out hole probing again, and then charging. If the through holes are not successfully tried for several times, collapse can occur inside the drilled hole, and the drilled hole is reasonably treated according to the actual situation on site.
It should be noted that the explosive types in the embodiments of the present invention are not limited, but need to meet the requirements related to "coal mine safety regulations", and may be gunpowder, gas, liquid, and the like. The various explosives can be assembled in different ways to form directional blasting or non-directional blasting.
Step three, performing loosening blasting in an auxiliary conveying roadway 100 meters away from the mining front of the first working face; bottom loose blasting-normal cartridge (non-directional blasting). The bottom plate loosens, explodes and transfers stress and static load.
And fourthly, performing directional blasting in the transportation lane 50 meters away from the mining front of the first working face. Directional presplitting blasting of the top plate-cutting of the cartridge. The directional pre-splitting of the top plate reduces the dynamic load and simultaneously reduces the bearing pressure.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. The term "comprising", without further limitation, means that the element so defined is not excluded from the group consisting of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments.
In particular, as for the apparatus embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
For convenience of description, the above devices are described separately in terms of functional division into various units/modules. Of course, the functionality of the units/modules may be implemented in one or more software and/or hardware implementations of the invention.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A deformation control method for a mining roadway is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the blasting direction and the blasting depth of the directional blasting according to the engineering geological conditions of the transportation lane and the auxiliary transportation lane and the lane trend; the auxiliary conveying lane is provided with a second working face; the first working face and the second working face are adjacent working faces, and the auxiliary conveying lane and the conveying lane are arranged at intervals and extend in parallel;
according to the blasting direction and the blasting depth, performing directional blasting on the top of the roadway of the haulage roadway at a first preset distance away from the mining front of the first working face so as to break and connect top rock strata between the first working face and the second working face;
before directional blasting is performed on the top of the haulage roadway at a first preset distance from the first face mining front, the method further comprises:
performing loosening blasting on the bottom of the auxiliary conveying roadway at a second preset distance away from the mining front of the first working face;
utilizing the bottom of the auxiliary conveying roadway to be loosened and exploded to enable the first working face to generate transverse extrusion stress; or part of stress of the first working face is absorbed by broken stones generated after loosening blasting at the bottom of the auxiliary conveying roadway, so that bottom bulging caused by stress accumulation is avoided; wherein the second preset distance is greater than the first preset distance;
respectively determining the spacing between a plurality of directional blasting sites and the spacing between a plurality of loosening blasting sites according to the rock lithology of the transportation lane and the auxiliary transportation lane;
loading explosives into each of the directional blasting sites and each of the loose blasting sites;
sequentially blasting each directional blasting site and each loose blasting site in the process that the first working face moves forward along with the excavation work;
the method also comprises the following steps before blasting each directional blasting site and each loose blasting site:
probing a hole: prefabricating a hole probing pipe and a hole probing head, wherein the hole probing head has the same size as the blasting cartridge;
in the process of probing the hole by using the hole probing pipe, connecting the gun rods one by one, penetrating into the bottom of the hole to probe the depth of the gun hole, recording, and then comparing with the designed size of the drilled hole to determine the final charge and the length of the hole sealing;
manufacturing the anti-skid device: processing a small penetrating hole at the position of 100mm at the end of each section of blasting explosive cartridge, inserting an anti-skid device into the small penetrating hole, and adjusting the number of the used anti-skid devices according to the number of the blasting explosive cartridges;
manufacturing a primary explosive: taking a section of blasting cartridge, covering and drilling two holes with the diameter of 4mm on the back of the bottom end of the cartridge, wherein the two holes need to penetrate through a blasting bus, the bus respectively penetrates through each small hole, a wire head with the diameter of 100mm is reserved at the front end of the bus and is knotted to prevent the bus from sliding out of the small holes, the wire head of the bus is respectively connected with two coal mine allowable electric detonators, a waterproof insulating tape is used for tightly wrapping the connection position of the wire heads, the resistance of the coal mine allowable electric detonators is measured before connection to determine the conduction condition of the coal mine allowable electric detonators, the connected coal mine allowable electric detonators are put into explosive, and the back of the blasting cartridge is covered;
sequentially charging: using a gun rod to push a roll of blasting cartridges into the hole, and simultaneously recording the number of the blasting cartridges and the number of the gun rod fed into the hole each time, and comparing the numbers with the length of the exploratory hole to determine whether the fed blasting cartridges are fed to a specified position; in the charging process, no more than three blasting cartridges are pushed at most once;
plugging yellow mud: the hole sealing is carried out by adopting a compressed air chemical feeder and an antistatic flame-retardant plastic pipe to carry out compressed air mud spraying hole sealing; wherein, the hole sealing material is slightly tide loess, and the used yellow mud is sieved in advance; the wind pressure is 0.7MPa;
in the plugging process, the hole sealing pipe is slowly drawn out along with the continuous increase of the hole sealing distance, and a section of bus is exposed from the hole opening after the stemming is sealed for connecting and blasting between different blast holes.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the second predetermined distance is 80-100 meters.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first predetermined distance is 50-80 meters.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining surrounding rock stress and deformation degree of the auxiliary conveying roadway according to mining conditions of the first working face and the second working face;
and arranging a plurality of supporting devices in the surrounding rock of the auxiliary conveying roadway according to the stress and the deformation degree of the surrounding rock of the auxiliary conveying roadway.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the haulage roadway and the secondary haulage roadway are separated by section pillars; at least one part of the supporting device is arranged in the section coal pillar, and the supporting device in the section coal pillar is of an internal hollow structure; the method further comprises the following steps:
and grouting and reinforcing the interior of the section coal pillar through the hollow structure.
6. A method according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the support means comprise anchor rods and/or anchor lines.
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