CN111946331B - Method for testing bottom hole flow pressure and method for obtaining viscous resistance - Google Patents
Method for testing bottom hole flow pressure and method for obtaining viscous resistance Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing bottom hole flow pressure and a method for acquiring viscous resistance, wherein the method for acquiring viscous resistance is a calculation method for acquiring an up-stroke load F 1 and a down-stroke load F 2 from a first suspension point indicator diagram, calculating the up-stroke load F 1 and the down-stroke load F 2 which are acquired, so that the viscous resistance F f between a plunger pump and a pump barrel can be obtained, and in fact, the viscous resistance is the friction load on common data, so that the friction load between the plunger and the pump barrel can be realized in theory and practice, and the calculation method for the viscous resistance is derived by using the analysis of the adjacent well first suspension point indicator diagram, so that the calculation precision of the viscous resistance is remarkably improved, and the auxiliary calculation of the bottom hole flow pressure in later period is satisfied.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coalbed methane exploitation, in particular to a method for testing bottom hole flow pressure and a method for acquiring viscous resistance.
Background
In the conventional data, ff is defined as friction resistance, which is ignored in general calculation, and in detailed calculation, friction load includes friction force of the sucker rod and the oil pipe, friction force between the plunger and the pump barrel, friction force between the liquid column and the sucker rod, and friction force between the liquid column and the oil pipe, wherein the friction force between the plunger and the pump barrel is a main load of friction load.
The above conventional analysis method has the following problems:
Since the sucker rod is vertically arranged relative to the oil pipe and the plunger is vertically arranged relative to the pump barrel, the friction force between the sucker rod and the oil pipe and the friction force between the plunger and the pump barrel are the positive pressure and the friction coefficient, and the positive pressure cannot be calculated due to the vertical arrangement;
In addition, working media exist between the sucker rod and the oil pipe and between the plunger and the pump barrel, and the friction coefficient is difficult to calculate or acquire due to the different properties of the working media, the gap between the sucker rod and the oil pipe and the diameter of the plunger.
Both of the above problems lead to theoretical and practical difficulties in obtaining friction.
And analyzing the structures of the plunger pump and the pump barrel, wherein the relative motion exists between the plunger and the pump barrel of the rod-type drainage gas production device of the coal-bed gas well, between the sucker rod and the working medium, and between the working medium and the oil pipe, so that resistance is generated, and the viscous resistance is required to be obtained to calculate the bottom hole flow pressure.
Currently, two methods are generally adopted for bottom hole pressure testing, the first method is to measure through a downhole pressure gauge, specifically, the downhole pressure gauge is put into the pit along with an oil pipe, the use of the downhole pressure gauge can increase the operation cost, the pressure gauge has zero drift and needs to be calibrated, the testing precision of the downhole pressure gauge is affected, the service life of the downhole pressure gauge is short, the cost is increased when the pressure gauge is replaced, and the reservoir pollution is caused seriously; the second is to measure the working fluid level by an echo meter to obtain the bottom hole flow pressure, the method is used for measuring intermittently, and the measurement cannot be carried out when the coalbed methane well produces gas.
Therefore, how to realize continuous, stable, safe and low-cost bottom hole pressure test is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a method of obtaining viscous drag to obtain viscous drag. The invention also provides a method for testing the bottom hole flow pressure, so as to realize continuous, stable, safe and low-cost bottom hole flow pressure testing.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a method of obtaining viscous drag comprising the steps of:
1) Measuring an up-stroke load F 1 and a down-stroke load F 2 from the first suspension point indicator diagram;
2) The viscous drag force F f between the plunger pump and the pump barrel is calculated from the upstroke load F 1 and the downstroke load F 2.
Preferably, in the above method for calculating viscous drag, the step 2) brings the up-stroke load F 1 and the down-stroke load F 2 into the formulaF f is obtained.
A method for testing bottom hole flow pressure comprises the following steps:
11 A) acquiring a viscous drag force F f, which is the method of acquiring a viscous drag force according to any one of claims 1-2;
12 Calculating a suspension point static load F p according to the second suspension point indicator diagram;
13 According to the well structure parameters of the drainage well, obtaining the load F y of the liquid column on the pump, the load F h generated by wellhead back pressure, the inertial load F u of the sucker rod column and the liquid column and the weight Q g of the sucker rod column;
14 According to the viscous drag force F f, the suspension point static load F p, the pump upper liquid column load F y, the load F h generated by wellhead back pressure, the sucker rod string and liquid column inertial load F u and the weight Q g of the sucker rod string, the bottom hole flow pressure P f is calculated.
Preferably, in the method for testing a bottom hole flow pressure, the method further includes step 15):
Carrying out stress analysis on the sucker rod string to obtain F r＝Fy+Fh+Fu+Ff-Fi,
Wherein fi=p f s,
F r is the force of the sucker rod string, F i is the force of the bottom hole pressure at the pump valve on the plunger, and s is the plunger area.
Preferably, in the method for testing a bottom hole flow pressure, the formula for calculating the bottom hole flow pressure in the step 14) is as follows
According to the technical scheme, the method for acquiring the viscous drag is characterized in that the upper stroke load F 1 and the lower stroke load F 2 are measured from the first suspension point indicator diagram, and calculated through the measured upper stroke load F 1 and lower stroke load F 2, so that the viscous drag F f between the plunger pump and the pump barrel can be obtained, and in fact, the viscous drag is the friction load which is commonly known in the data, so that the friction load between the plunger and the pump barrel can be realized in theory and practice, and the calculation method for the viscous drag is derived by using the analysis of the adjacent well first suspension point indicator diagram, so that the calculation precision of the viscous drag is remarkably improved, and the auxiliary calculation of the later bottom hole flow pressure is met.
According to the method for testing the bottom hole flow pressure, disclosed by the scheme, the bottom hole flow pressure is calculated by utilizing the suspension point indicator diagram, so that continuous, stable, safe and low-cost bottom hole flow pressure testing can be realized. The accuracy of calculating the bottom hole flow pressure disclosed by the scheme not only depends on the measurement accuracy of the suspension point indicator diagram, but also depends on the mechanical analysis of the pole column and the viscous resistance between the plunger and the pump barrel. The measurement accuracy of the suspension point indicator diagram and the reliability of the rod column mechanical analysis are gradually mature at present, the measurement accuracy of the suspension point indicator diagram and the reliability of the rod column mechanical analysis can be guaranteed, the above technical scheme has disclosed a viscous resistance calculation method, the problem of uncertain viscous resistance calculation is solved, the suspension point indicator diagram measurement, the rod column mechanical analysis and the viscous resistance calculation are combined, the bottom hole flow pressure can be obtained, the calculation accuracy of the bottom hole flow pressure is obviously improved, and the measurement requirement of coal bed gas drainage on the bottom hole flow pressure is met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for obtaining viscous drag according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for testing bottom hole flow pressure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a first suspension point indicator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of force analysis of a sucker rod according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a method for acquiring viscous drag to acquire the viscous drag. The invention also discloses a method for testing the bottom hole flow pressure, which is used for realizing continuous, stable, safe and low-cost bottom hole flow pressure testing.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Please refer to fig. 1-4. The invention discloses a method for obtaining viscous drag, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
1) Measuring an up-stroke load F 1 and a down-stroke load F 2 from the first suspension point indicator diagram, specifically, measuring by a suspension point indicator;
2) The viscous drag force F f between the plunger pump and the pump barrel is calculated from the up-stroke load F 1 and the down-stroke load F 2.
A gap exists between the plunger and the pump barrel, working medium is filled in the gap, and resistance for preventing the plunger from moving in the pump barrel is generated due to relative movement between the plunger and the pump barrel, and the resistance is viscous resistance F f. The scheme redefines viscous drag and proposes the following calculation method:
the viscous resistance is defined as resistance generated by the motion of a plunger of the coal-bed gas well sucker rod drainage gas production device, a pump barrel, a sucker rod, a working medium and an oil pipe in pairs;
Viscous drag is related to the speed of the above-mentioned two-by-two relative movements (suspension speed of pumping unit), the property of the working medium, the gap between the pumping rod and the oil pipe, the diameter of the plunger, etc., and can be ignored in general calculation because the relative movement speed between the pumping rod and the working medium and between the working medium and the oil pipe is low and the gap is large.
Because the liquid level of the coal-bed gas well with the rod drainage is below the production layer in the stable production period, the suspension point indicator diagram of most wells is a liquid shortage indicator diagram, the working liquid level is near the pump valve, and as shown in fig. 3, the bottom hole flow pressure can be obtained according to the full degree of the pump and the resistance data of the pump valve opening.
The viscous drag is a function of the gap between the sucker rod and the oil pipe, the property of the working medium and the movement speed, particularly the property of the gap between the sucker rod and the oil pipe and the property of the working medium, the property of the working medium is the same for the well of the same block, and the gap is the same for the pump of the same pump diameter, so the viscous drag calculated by the method can be used for calculating the viscous drag of the sucker rod pump of the same block and the same pump diameter.
According to the method for acquiring the viscous drag, the upper stroke load F 1 and the lower stroke load F 2 are measured from the first suspension point indicator diagram, and the measured upper stroke load F 1 and lower stroke load F 2 are used for calculation, so that the viscous drag F f between the plunger pump and the pump barrel can be acquired, and in fact, the viscous drag is the friction load in common data, so that the friction load between the plunger and the pump barrel can be realized in theory and practice, and the calculation method for the viscous drag is derived by using the analysis of the first suspension point indicator diagram of the adjacent well, so that the calculation precision of the viscous drag is remarkably improved, and the auxiliary calculation of the later-stage bottom hole flow pressure is met.
Specifically, the upstroke load F 1 =the weight of the sucker rod+the weight of the liquid column+the viscous resistance between the plunger and the pump barrel, the downstroke load F 2 =the weight of the sucker rod+the weight of the liquid column-the viscous resistance between the plunger and the pump barrel, and F 1 and F 2 are measured from the first suspension point indicator diagram, and the viscous resistance between the plunger pump and the pump barrel is calculated.
The calculation formula of the viscous drag force F f isSpecifically, F 1 and F 2 measured from the first pendant indicator diagram are substituted into the formula/>F f is obtained.
Because the method for directly measuring the bottom hole flow pressure and the working fluid level is focused at present, a research report of the bottom hole flow pressure is not obtained through indirect measurement, and the bottom hole flow pressure testing method disclosed by the scheme breaks the limitation and achieves the purpose of obtaining the bottom hole flow pressure through indirect measurement.
The scheme also discloses a method for testing the bottom hole flow pressure, which comprises the following steps as shown in fig. 2:
11 A method for obtaining the viscous drag force F f, which is the method for obtaining the viscous drag force described in any one of the above-mentioned schemes;
12 Calculating a suspension point static load F p according to the second suspension point indicator diagram;
13 According to the well structure parameters of the drainage well, obtaining the load F y of the liquid column on the pump, the load F h generated by wellhead back pressure, the inertial load F u of the sucker rod column and the liquid column and the weight Q g of the sucker rod column;
14 Based on viscous drag force F f, suspension point static load F p, pump-up fluid column load F y, load generated by wellhead back pressure F h, inertial load of sucker rod string and fluid column F u and weight of sucker rod string Q g, bottom hole flow pressure P f is calculated.
The suspension point static load F p is F p＝Fr+Qg as a function of the sucker rod string forces F r and Q g.
Specifically, the method also comprises a step 15) of carrying out mechanical analysis on the sucker rod, as shown in figure 4, obtaining a stress formula of F r＝Fy+Fh+Fu+Ff-Fi,
Wherein fi=p f s,
F r is the force of the sucker rod string, F i is the force of the bottom hole pressure at the pump valve on the plunger, and s is the plunger area.
The calculation formula of the bottom hole flow pressure is finally obtained
According to the method for testing the bottom hole flow pressure, disclosed by the scheme, the bottom hole flow pressure is calculated by utilizing the suspension point indicator diagram, so that continuous, stable, safe and low-cost bottom hole flow pressure testing can be realized. The accuracy of calculating the bottom hole flow pressure disclosed by the scheme not only depends on the measurement accuracy of the suspension point indicator diagram, but also depends on the mechanical analysis of the pole column and the viscous resistance between the plunger and the pump barrel. The measurement accuracy of the suspension point indicator diagram and the reliability of the rod column mechanical analysis are gradually mature at present, the measurement accuracy of the suspension point indicator diagram and the reliability of the rod column mechanical analysis can be guaranteed, the above technical scheme has disclosed a viscous resistance calculation method, the problem of uncertain viscous resistance calculation is solved, the suspension point indicator diagram measurement, the rod column mechanical analysis and the viscous resistance calculation are combined, the bottom hole flow pressure can be obtained, the calculation accuracy of the bottom hole flow pressure is obviously improved, and the measurement requirement of coal bed gas drainage on the bottom hole flow pressure is met.
The second suspension point indicator diagram used in the step 12) and the first suspension point indicator diagram used in the step 1) can be the same suspension point indicator diagram or different suspension point indicator diagrams, and the determination of whether the coal-bed gas well is out of fluid or not is made according to the well condition.
The scheme establishes a method for obtaining the bottom hole flow pressure of the coal-bed gas well drained and mined by the sucker-rod pump by testing the suspension point indicator diagram of the sucker-rod pump. In order to improve the calculation accuracy of the bottom hole flow pressure, the viscous resistance between the pump and the pump barrel is required to be calculated, and the calculation method of the viscous resistance is provided by combining the working characteristics of the coal bed gas well, so that a theoretical basis is provided for establishing the bottom hole flow pressure obtained by utilizing the suspension point indicator diagram, the calculated viscous resistance is used for calculating the bottom hole flow pressure, and the calculation accuracy of the bottom hole flow pressure is improved. The bottom hole flow pressure calculated by using the theory reaches the precision of engineering use.
According to the method for testing the bottom hole flow pressure, disclosed by the scheme, the bottom hole flow pressure of the coal-bed gas well is calculated by using the suspension point indicator diagram, the automatic real-time monitoring of the working fluid level is realized, the real-time performance of production analysis of the coal-bed gas well is improved, and the digital informatization construction of the coal-bed gas well is facilitated.
After the viscous drag is obtained by the method for obtaining the viscous drag described in the technical scheme, the calculation accuracy of the bottom hole flow pressure is improved by 40-50%.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (2)
1. A method of obtaining viscous drag comprising the steps of:
1) Measuring an up-stroke load F 1 and a liquid-deficient section down-stroke load F 2 from a first suspension point indicator diagram, wherein the first suspension point indicator diagram is a liquid-deficient indicator diagram;
2) Calculating viscous resistance F f between the plunger pump and the pump barrel according to the upstroke load F 1 and the liquid-deficient section downstroke load F 2, specifically, taking the upstroke load F 1 and the liquid-deficient section downstroke load F 2 into a formula F f is obtained.
2. The method for testing the bottom hole flow pressure is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
11 A) obtaining the viscous drag force F f, the method of obtaining the viscous drag force being the method of obtaining the viscous drag force as claimed in claim 1;
12 Calculating a suspension point static load F p according to the second suspension point indicator diagram;
13 According to the well structure parameters of the drainage well, obtaining the load F y of the liquid column on the pump, the load F h generated by wellhead back pressure, the inertial load F u of the sucker rod column and the liquid column and the weight Q g of the sucker rod column;
15 The sucker rod string is subjected to stress analysis to obtain F r＝Fy+Fh+Fu+Ff-Fi,
Wherein fi=p f s,
F r is the force of the sucker rod string, F i is the force of the bottom hole flow pressure at the pump valve on the plunger, s is the plunger area;
14 According to the viscous drag force F f, the suspension point static load F p, the pump upper liquid column load F y, the load F h generated by wellhead back pressure, the sucker rod string and liquid column inertial load F u and the weight Q g of the sucker rod string, calculating to obtain a bottom hole flow pressure P f, and calculating the bottom hole flow pressure as the formula
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