CN111945656A - Combined type harbor basin and harbor basin arrangement method - Google Patents
Combined type harbor basin and harbor basin arrangement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111945656A CN111945656A CN202010814017.6A CN202010814017A CN111945656A CN 111945656 A CN111945656 A CN 111945656A CN 202010814017 A CN202010814017 A CN 202010814017A CN 111945656 A CN111945656 A CN 111945656A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/066—Quays
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/068—Landing stages for vessels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
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Abstract
The invention provides a combined type harbor basin and a harbor basin arrangement method, and relates to the technical field of planning and designing of port and waterway and wharfs. The combined type harbor basin comprises a wharf area and a rotary water area, wherein the wharf area and the rotary water area are arranged in a harbor area land area through digging, the wharf area comprises a wharf loading and unloading area and a ship berthing water area, the rotary water area forms a large harbor basin, the ship berthing water area of the wharf area is separated through a guide dike to form a plurality of small harbor basins, and the large harbor basin and the small harbor basins jointly form the combined type harbor basin. The ship berthing water area comprises a side ship berthing water area, the convoluted water area is communicated with the main channel, the two sides of the convoluted water area along the direction of the main channel are respectively provided with the side ship berthing water area, and the convoluted water area is communicated with the side ship berthing water area. This harbor pond forms a plurality of functional areas through setting up big harbor pond and little harbor pond to can avoid boats and ships to circle round the waters and influence main channel navigation safety, can compress harbor pond waters and occupy, practice thrift harbor district land used, reduce the excavation square volume, reduce engineering cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planning and designing port and waterway and wharfs, in particular to a combined type harbor basin and a harbor basin arrangement method.
Background
The inland river harbor site selection primarily considers various factors such as development requirements, scale, range and the like of the abdominal economy, and harbor sites capable of meeting various requirements such as economic development and the like are difficult to have natural terrains to completely meet harbor site berth construction requirements, so that the in-shore arrangement and excavation type harbor ponds become common arrangement forms of inland river harbor areas according to the shoreline conditions.
In the shore section with good terrain, fewer side-to-side arranged excavations are beneficial to arrangement of harbor land facilities and traffic organization, but the more side-to-side berth arrangement, the greater the influence on main channel navigation. The digging-in large harbor basin is arranged, the revolving water area in the harbor basin occupies too much water, more redundant water areas exist, although the main channel is not occupied, the digging amount is larger, and the depth of the harbor basin also influences the arrangement of harbor land facilities and traffic organization.
Chinese patent CN107288100 discloses an excavated type harbor basin, which comprises a harbor basin water area, a convoluted water area position, a convoluted water area plane shape, a ship berth area, a ship harbor entry route design and a ship harbor exit route design, wherein the harbor basin has a single-shore one-way entry and exit mode, and the harbor basin is provided with a convoluted water area with a width larger than that of the harbor basin water area. However, the digging-in type harbor basin of the patent technology needs to be provided with a channel composite harbor basin for the ships to enter and exit the harbor basin, and besides the water area occupied by the ship berthing position and the water area occupied by the turning and turning of the ships, the water area occupied by the water area of the patent technology is larger than that of the composite harbor basin, and the more the berths are arranged, the longer the channel in the harbor basin is, and the more serious the harbor basin longitudinally blocks the harbor area traffic.
Chinese patent CN103806413 discloses an excavation type harbor basin, which comprises a harbor basin provided with an inlet and a closed end, and a harbor basin water area surrounded by the harbor basin, wherein a revolving water area which is connected with the harbor basin water area and has a width larger than the width of the harbor basin water area is arranged outside the entrance of the harbor basin, and the harbor is provided with a traction system for pulling a ship to enter and exit the harbor basin water area. However, the special scheme needs to arrange a channel for a traction system to pull the ship to enter and exit, and the channel is provided with a ship traction access channel which is twice as wide as the water area occupied by the ship berthing position and the water area occupied by the ship turning round.
The inventor finds in research that at least the following disadvantages exist in the prior related art:
the ship turning and turning water area arranged along the shore often needs to occupy a main channel, and although the excavation is less, the navigation safety of the ship on the main channel is affected; the large harbor basin is arranged in the harbor basin, and although the large harbor basin does not occupy the main channel, the large harbor basin occupies a large area of the harbor area, and the excavation volume is large, so that the arrangement of harbor land facilities and the later operation benefit are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite harbor basin, which solves the defects of the prior art, can avoid the influence of a convoluted water area of a ship on the navigation safety of a main channel, can effectively compress the occupation of the water area of the harbor basin, saves the land used by the harbor area, reduces the excavation square amount and reduces the construction cost.
The invention also aims to provide a harbor basin arrangement method which is applied to the composite harbor basin and has all the beneficial effects.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:
the embodiment of the application provides a combined type harbor basin, which comprises a wharf area and a whirling water area. The wharf area and the convoluted water area are arranged in a harbor area land area by digging, the wharf area comprises a wharf loading and unloading area and a ship berthing water area, the convoluted water area forms a large harbor basin, the ship berthing water area of the wharf area is divided into a plurality of small harbor basins by a guide dike, and the large harbor basin and the small harbor basins jointly form a composite harbor basin. The ship berthing water area comprises a side ship berthing water area, the convoluted water area is communicated with the main channel, the side ship berthing water areas are respectively arranged on two sides of the convoluted water area along the direction of the main channel, and the convoluted water area is communicated with the side ship berthing water area.
This combined type harbor pond forms a plurality of functional areas through setting up big harbor pond and little harbor pond to can avoid boats and ships to circle round the waters and influence main channel navigation safety, can compress harbor pond waters effectively and occupy, practice thrift the harbor district land of using, reduce excavation square volume, reduce engineering cost.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the ship-berthing water area further includes a land-side ship-berthing water area, the land-side ship-berthing water area is disposed on a side of the convoluting water area facing away from the main channel, and the convoluting water area and the land-side ship-berthing water area are communicated with each other.
The arrangement form of the ship water area can be increased by arranging the land-side ship berthing water area, and the berthing positions of the ships can be correspondingly increased or decreased by combining the harbor basin terrain conditions so as to meet the harbor basin arrangement requirement.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the dock area is provided on the dock land area on the side of the docking area where the ship is docked or on the pilot dike.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the quay area includes two side quay areas, and the two side quay areas are respectively disposed at two sides of the convoluting water area along the main channel direction.
In some embodiments of the present invention, when two of the side wharf regions are respectively disposed at two side positions of the revolving water area along the main channel direction, the wharf region further includes one or two land-side wharf regions, the land-side wharf regions are disposed at land-side positions of the revolving water area away from the main channel direction, and the wharf regions are in a shape of Chinese character pin as a whole.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the side ship-berthing water area in the side dock area is parallel to or perpendicular to the main channel direction, and the land-side ship-berthing water area in the land-side dock area is perpendicular to the main channel direction.
In some embodiments of the invention, the vessel-berthing waters are divided by the pilot dike to form a plurality of small basins, which are provided for berthing a plurality of vessels.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a ship berth is provided on a near-water side of the pilot dike adjacent to the main channel, and the ship berth and the main channel communicate with each other.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the composite harbor basin further comprises a foundation support erection hoisting device suspended across the ship-berthing waters through the harbor land area or the pilot dike for loading and unloading ship cargo.
In some embodiments of the invention, the diameter of the convoluted body of water is at least 1.2-1.5 times the length of the vessel.
The invention also provides a harbor basin arrangement method, which is applied to the compound harbor basin and comprises the following steps: step one, arranging a wharf area and a convoluted water area in a harbor area land by digging arrangement, wherein the convoluted water area forms a large harbor basin, the wharf area is divided into a wharf loading and unloading area and a ship berthing water area, and the ship berthing water area is divided into a plurality of small harbor basins by a guide dike; and step two, setting the relative positions of the wharf area and the convoluted water area.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the second step, the wharf area at least includes a side wharf area, and the side wharf area is disposed at two side positions of the convoluting water area along the main channel direction, or the convoluting water area is widened and the side wharf area is disposed in the widened area.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:
1) the combined type harbor basin can ensure that a convoluting water area does not occupy a main channel, and avoids the problem that the main channel navigation is often interfered when a coastwise berth ship turns round and convolutes.
2) The function blocks of all water areas of the combined type harbor basin are independent, the redundant water areas of the harbor basin are compressed, the defect that the excavated large harbor basin excessively occupies the harbor area is overcome, and the combined type harbor basin can be orderly connected with harbor area facilities such as peripheral roads and storage yards into a whole by organizing a quick and effective traffic flow, so that a complete harbor area is formed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a port basin along the bank;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an arrangement of an excavation type harbor basin;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a harbor basin arrangement with sector berth distribution;
FIG. 4 is a schematic layout of a compound harbor basin provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of a 8+2 berth compound harbor basin provided in embodiment 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic layout diagram of a 4+2 berth compound harbor basin provided in embodiment 2;
fig. 7 is a schematic layout diagram of a 6-berth compound harbor basin provided in embodiment 3;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating the layout of a 6+2 berth compound harbor basin provided in example 4;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement of an 8+4 berth compound harbor basin provided in example 5;
fig. 10 is a schematic layout diagram of the 8+6 berth compound harbor basin provided in embodiment 6.
Icon: 100-a compound harbor basin; 10-a whirling water area; 11-a quay region; 12-a guide dike; 13-small harbor basin; 14-terminal loading bay; 15-big harbor basin; 16-a ship; 17-a crane.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", etc. are used for indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually arranged when the product of the present invention is used, the description is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but the indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and be operated, and thus, the present invention cannot be understood as being limited.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-4, fig. 1-3 are schematic diagrams of a shoreside arrangement, an excavated shoreside arrangement, and a fan-shaped berth distribution, respectively, and fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a composite shoot basin 100 according to the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the width of the berth is twice the width of the ship, and the turning and turning water area of the ship is generally not over the center line of the main channel, so as to avoid affecting the passage of the ship on the other side of the center line. In a bank section with good terrain, fewer excavations are arranged along the bank, so that the arrangement of port land facilities and traffic organization are facilitated, but the more the arrangement of berths along the bank is, the greater the influence on the navigation of a main channel is.
Referring to FIG. 2, the turning round and revolving water area of the ship is arranged in the harbor basin, the berthing position of the ship is arranged along the shoreline of the harbor basin, 9 berths are arranged by taking a design ship type 60TEU container ship as an example, and the requirements of the specification are metThe size of the harbor basin is calculated by the degree, and the area of the harbor basin is about 3.1 ten thousand meters2. According to the standard calculation result and practice verification, the berthing, loading and unloading operation time of the ship in the harbor area is far longer than the circling, leaning and departing time of the ship, the ratio of the berthing, loading and unloading operation time and the circling, leaning and departing time of the ship is generally more than 8-10 times, in contrast, the circling water area in the harbor pool occupies too much water, more redundant water areas exist, although the main channel is not occupied, the excavation volume is larger, and the harbor area land facility arrangement and traffic organization are also influenced by the depth of the harbor pool.
Referring to fig. 3, the excavated small harbor basin in fig. 3 is a ship berth, the berth size conforms to the river harbor population, and the design specification requirement (JTJ 212-2006) is met, and the ship type 60TEU container ship is designed as a scale, the ship berth surrounds a ship revolving water area to form 12 ship berths, and simultaneously, the minimum absolute value distance between the revolving water area and a channel boundary line is met, so that the 12 ship berths are convenient for the ship to enter and exit the harbor basin, the occupied area is the minimum, the optimal calculated value of the number of the ship berths which can be received in the revolving water area and the theoretical most reasonable arrangement are realized, and the size of the revolving water area determines the number of the ship berths which can be received. But irregular land gaps exist among berths in the harbor basin arrangement form, so that the whole arrangement form is not compact enough.
Referring to fig. 4, a layout of a compound harbor basin 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown in fig. 4, the 12 berths in fig. 3 are grouped into four berths, two loading and unloading functional areas on the land side of the revolving water area 10 and one loading and unloading functional area on the left and right sides can be formed, each loading and unloading functional area is allowed according to the berth length, and more than one loading and unloading equipment or even three loading and unloading equipment are configured; the four loading and unloading functional areas symmetrically surround the harbor basin of the convoluted water area 10, and compared with dispersed independent ship berth loading and unloading, the harbor basin can better utilize land for the harbor area, is favorable for loading and unloading operation, and is convenient for traffic organization.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic layout diagram of an 8+2 berth compound harbor basin 100 according to the present invention. In the present embodiment, a compound harbor basin 100 is proposed, which comprises a quay area 11 and a whirling water area 10. The wharf area 11 and the convoluted water area 10 are arranged in a harbor area land area through digging, the convoluted water area 10 forms a large harbor basin 15, the wharf area 11 is separated by a guide dike 12 to form a plurality of small harbor basins 13, the wharf area 11 comprises a wharf loading and unloading area 14 and a ship berthing water area, the ship berthing water area comprises a side ship berthing water area, the convoluted water area 10 and a main channel are communicated with each other, side ship berthing water areas are respectively arranged on two sides of the convoluted water area 10 along the direction of the main channel, and the convoluted water area 10 and the side ship berthing water.
It is worth to be noted that the combined type harbor basin 100 is provided with the large harbor basin 15 and the small harbor basins 13 to form a plurality of functional areas, so that the situation that the ship whirling water area 10 affects the navigation safety of the main channel can be avoided, the occupation of the harbor basin water area can be effectively compressed, the land used in the harbor basin is saved, the excavation volume is reduced, and the construction cost is reduced.
Referring to fig. 5 again, the ship-berthing water area further includes a land-side ship-berthing water area, a land-side ship-berthing water area is provided on a side of the convoluted water area 10 facing away from the main channel direction, and the convoluted water area 10 and the land-side ship-berthing water area are communicated with each other.
The arrangement form of the ship water area can be increased by arranging the land-side ship berthing water area, and the berthing positions of the ships can be correspondingly increased or decreased by combining the harbor basin terrain conditions so as to meet the harbor basin arrangement requirement.
In the present embodiment, the dock area 14 is provided on the dock land area on the side of the berthing area where the ship 16 is berthed or on the pilot dike 12.
Referring to fig. 5 again, the quay area 11 includes two side quay areas, and the two side quay areas are respectively disposed at two sides of the convoluted water area 10 along the main channel direction.
In this embodiment, when two side wharf regions are respectively disposed at two side positions of the convoluted water area 10 along the main channel direction, the wharf region 11 further includes one or two land-side wharf regions, the land-side wharf regions are disposed at land-side positions of the convoluted water area 10 departing from the main channel direction, and the wharf region 11 is integrally shaped like a Chinese character pin.
Referring again to fig. 5, the ship-berthing waters are divided by the pilot dike 12 into a plurality of small berth basins 13, and the small berth basins 13 are provided for berthing a plurality of ships 16.
And a ship berthing position is arranged on the near-water side of the guide dike 12 close to the main channel, and the ship berthing position is communicated with the main channel. The compound harbour site 100 also includes foundation support erection hoisting equipment suspended across the water area in which the vessel 16 is moored by the harbour area or jetty 12 for loading and unloading of cargo from the vessel 16.
In this embodiment, the diameter of the raceway 10 is at least 1.2-1.5 times the length of the vessel 16.
In an embodiment of this embodiment, the compound harbor basin 100 of this embodiment is composed of two functional areas, a ship berthing loading and unloading water area and a ship turning and turning water area 10, which form an excavation type large harbor basin 15 on the main channel shore side. The small harbor basin 13 is a berthing, loading and unloading water area of the ship 16, has no ship turning and turning function, and is a functional block which can be increased and decreased according to the size of the harbor area; the large harbor basin 15 is a turning round rotary water area 10 of a ship, the rotary water area 10 is arranged on the shore side in the composite harbor basin 100 on the principle of not influencing the navigation of a main channel, in the figure 5, the rotary water area 10 forms an excavation type large harbor basin 15 on the shore, and four small harbor basins 13 surround the rotary water area 10 to form the composite harbor basin 100 with the large and the small harbor basins.
In fig. 5, the dimensions of the small harbor pool 13 and the revolving water area 10 take the design of a ship-shaped 60TEU container ship as an example, 8 loading and unloading berths and 10 1000-ton berths of two to-be-berthed berths are arranged in the area with the depth of 146m and the transverse width of 260m in the composite harbor pool 100, and the plane dimension of the whole harbor pool meets the overall design specification of the harbor, including one revolving water area 10 and three wharf areas 11; the dock area 11 is provided with 1-2 small harbor ponds 13 separated by a guide dike 12, the land area is provided with a harbor handling area 14, each small harbor pond 13 is provided with two portal cranes 17, the whole composite harbor pond 100 is provided with 8 portal cranes 17, the handling operation requirements of 8 berth ships 16 can be met, the harbor pond is connected with peripheral roads, a storage yard and harbor area facilities, and a complete harbor area with complete functions can be formed. The area of the harbor basin occupying the water area is about 2.1 ten thousand meters2Through preliminary calculation of harbor district construction, the area of the water area occupied by the composite harbor basin 100 is reduced by about 1 ten thousand meters compared with the conventional digging-in harbor basin on the premise of the same scale2The method greatly reduces the excessive occupation of the conventional excavation type large harbor basin on the harbor area land, and saves the harbor area land.
In the planar arrangement of fig. 5, the combined type harbor basin 100 is based on the small harbor basin 13, the combined type harbor basin 100 is embedded in a whirling water area 10 and is in an inverted triangle shape, the width of the outer opening of the harbor basin is 260m, the depth of the harbor basin is 146m, the whole harbor basin is provided with 8 loading and unloading berths and 10 1000-ton class berths with two berths to be berthed, and the planar dimension of the harbor basin meets the overall design specification of the harbor. The ship loading and unloading equipment in the harbor pool adopts a portal crane 17, 8 portal cranes 17 are matched to meet the loading and unloading operation requirements of 8 berth ships 16, the track gauge spans the width of the whole harbor pool, a cantilever of the portal crane 17 meets the loading and unloading requirements of two rows or three rows of vehicles on the shore, and a cantilever of the portal crane 17 to be berthed also meets the loading and unloading requirements of the outermost berth. Considering that the depth of land areas of a common port area is not large and the number of long and narrow areas is large, the travelling direction of the yard equipment is arranged in parallel to a main channel in the embodiment, the track distance is 40-50 m, and the road width between yards is 20-25 m; the areas on the left side and the right side of the harbor basin are respectively provided with two yards and two roads, the two roads are respectively a left transverse road, a right transverse road, a left transverse road and a right transverse road, and the transverse three roads are arranged in parallel with a shoreline in a harbor basin longitudinal depth from the shore and are communicated with the areas on the left side and the right side of the harbor basin.
In the planar arrangement of fig. 5, the traffic organization flow direction of the area near the compound harbor basin is shown, the far-end road traffic on the left and right sides is not shown, and the far-end road traffic on the left and right sides can arrange the circulating traffic flow according to different harbor basin planar characteristics, and the invention is not analyzed here. The central line of the composite harbor pool is used as a boundary, the left transverse I, the right transverse II, the right transverse I and the right transverse II are used as backbone traffic roads, a traffic organization near the harbor pool can form a left circulating traffic flow and a right circulating traffic flow which can run along the harbor pool shore in a counterclockwise way, a vehicle runs to the harbor pool shore in the counterclockwise way to carry out loading and unloading operation by a gantry crane 17, and then runs to crossroads A and B to respectively form a left A right entrance and a left B right entrance and a left B right entrance; the three paths of the cross roads are connected with the functional areas on the left side and the right side of the harbor pool and are integrated with the four paths of the cross roads to organize traffic flows, a large anticlockwise circulating traffic flow can be formed, the traffic flows can be split into two small anticlockwise circulations, and three (or four) traffic flows are circulated to enable harbor area vehicles to be connected with a harbor pool loading and unloading area at A, B two cross intersections, so that the functional requirements of loading, unloading and dredging of the whole harbor pool are met.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic layout diagram of a 4+2 berth compound harbor basin 100 provided in embodiment 2. In this embodiment, the two side wharf regions are disposed at the land side positions of the convoluted water area 10 away from the main channel direction, and the side ship berthing water areas in the side wharf regions are parallel to the main channel direction.
Referring to fig. 6 again, it should be noted that in the present embodiment, the guide dike 12 divides the side ship-berthing water area into 2+1 berths, and the side ship-berthing water areas on both sides are combined together to form the compound harbor basin 100 with 4+2 berths.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic layout diagram of a 6-berth compound harbor basin 100 provided in embodiment 3. In this embodiment, the wharf area 11 includes two side wharf areas, and the two side wharf areas are respectively disposed at two sides of the convoluted water area 10 along the main channel direction.
Meanwhile, in the embodiment, the side ship berthing water area in the side wharf area is perpendicular to the main channel direction, and the land side ship berthing water area in the land side wharf area is perpendicular to the main channel direction.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic layout diagram of a 6+2 berth compound harbor basin 100 provided in embodiment 4. In this embodiment, the wharf area 11 includes two side wharf areas, and the two side wharf areas are respectively disposed at two sides of the convoluted water area 10 along the main channel direction.
Meanwhile, in the embodiment, the side ship berthing water area in the side wharf area is perpendicular to the main channel direction, and the land side ship berthing water area in the land side wharf area is perpendicular to the main channel direction. The land side wharf area is internally provided with 6 berths, and the side wharf area is internally provided with 2 berths, so that the 6+2 berth combined type harbor basin 100 is formed.
Example 5
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic layout diagram of the 8+4 berth compound harbor basin 100 provided in embodiment 5. In this embodiment, the wharf area 11 includes two side wharf areas, and the two side wharf areas are respectively disposed at two sides of the convoluted water area 10 along the main channel direction. In this embodiment, the side ship berthing water area in the side dock area is parallel to the main channel direction, and the land side ship berthing water area in the land side dock area is perpendicular to the main channel direction.
Example 6
Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a schematic layout diagram of the 8+6 berth compound harbor basin 100 provided in embodiment 6. In this embodiment, the wharf area 11 includes two side wharf areas, and the two side wharf areas are respectively disposed at two sides of the convoluted water area 10 along the main channel direction. In this embodiment, the side ship berthing water area in the side dock area is parallel to the main channel direction, and the land side ship berthing water area in the land side dock area is perpendicular to the main channel direction.
In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a compound harbor basin 100 and a harbor basin arrangement method. The combined type harbor basin 100 comprises a wharf area 11 and a convoluted water area 10, wherein the wharf area 11 and the convoluted water area 10 are arranged in a harbor area land area through digging, the convoluted water area 10 forms a large harbor basin 15, the wharf area 11 is separated by a guide embankment 12 to form a plurality of small harbor basins 13, the wharf area 11 comprises a wharf loading and unloading area 14 and a ship berthing water area, the ship berthing water area comprises a side ship berthing water area, the convoluted water area 10 is communicated with a main channel, the two sides of the convoluted water area 10 along the direction of the main channel are respectively provided with a side ship berthing water area, and the convoluted water area 10. This combined type harbor pond 100 forms a plurality of functional areas through setting up big harbor pond 15 and little harbor pond 13 to can avoid circling round waters 10 and influence main channel navigation safety, can compress the harbor pond waters effectively and occupy, practice thrift the harbor district and use the ground, reduce the excavation volume, reduce engineering cost.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A composite harbor basin is characterized by comprising a wharf area and a whirling water area,
the wharf area and the convoluting water area are arranged in a harbor area land area through digging, the wharf area comprises a wharf loading and unloading area and a ship berthing water area, the convoluting water area forms a large harbor basin, the ship berthing water area of the wharf area is divided into a plurality of small harbor basins through a guide dike, and the large harbor basin and the small harbor basins jointly form a composite harbor basin;
the ship berthing water area comprises a side ship berthing water area, the convoluted water area is communicated with the main channel, the side ship berthing water areas are respectively arranged on the two sides of the convoluted water area along the direction of the main channel, and the convoluted water area is communicated with the side ship berthing water areas.
2. The composite harbor basin of claim 1, wherein said ship-berthing waters further comprise a land-side ship-berthing water, wherein said land-side ship-berthing water is provided on a side of said convoluted water facing away from said main channel direction, and wherein said convoluted water and said land-side ship-berthing waters are communicated with each other.
3. The composite harbor basin according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein said harbor loading area is provided on said harbor land area on the harbor side of the ship-berthing water area or on said pilot dike.
4. The composite harbor basin according to claim 1, wherein said harbor areas comprise two side harbor areas, and two of said side harbor areas are respectively disposed at two sides of said revolving water area along said main channel direction.
5. The composite harbor basin according to claim 4, wherein when two of said side wharf regions are respectively disposed at two side positions of said revolving water area along said main channel direction, said wharf regions further comprise one or two of said side wharf regions, said side wharf regions are disposed at one or two side positions of said revolving water area deviating from said main channel direction, and said wharf regions are integrally formed in a shape of Chinese character pin.
6. The composite harbor basin according to claim 5, wherein the side ship berthing waters in said side dock area are parallel or perpendicular to the main channel direction, and the land side ship berthing waters in said land side dock area are perpendicular to the main channel direction.
7. The composite harbor basin of claim 1, wherein said ship-berthing waters are divided by said pilot dike to form a plurality of small harbor basins, said small harbors being provided for berthing a plurality of ships.
8. The composite harbor basin according to claim 6, wherein a ship berth is provided near the water side of said pilot dike of said main channel, said ship berth and said main channel being in communication with each other.
9. A method for harbour site deployment, wherein the method is applied to the composite harbour site of any one of claims 1-8, the method comprising the steps of:
step one, arranging a wharf area and a convoluted water area in a harbor area land by digging arrangement, wherein the convoluted water area forms a large harbor basin, the wharf area is divided into a wharf loading and unloading area and a ship berthing water area, and the ship berthing water area is divided into a plurality of small harbor basins by a guide dike;
and step two, setting the relative positions of the wharf area and the convoluted water area.
10. The harbor basin arrangement method according to claim 9, wherein in step two, said harbor areas at least comprise side harbor areas, said side harbor areas are disposed at both side positions of said revolving water area along said main channel direction, or said side harbor areas are disposed in a widened area by widening said revolving water area.
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| CN202010814017.6A CN111945656A (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2020-08-13 | Combined type harbor basin and harbor basin arrangement method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114592474A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-06-07 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Silt-preventing method for silt-rich river wharf and silt-rich river wharf |
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