CN111945300A - Composite material with photo-thermal conversion and storage and discharge functions, preparation method and application - Google Patents

Composite material with photo-thermal conversion and storage and discharge functions, preparation method and application Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN111945300A
CN111945300A CN202010830021.1A CN202010830021A CN111945300A CN 111945300 A CN111945300 A CN 111945300A CN 202010830021 A CN202010830021 A CN 202010830021A CN 111945300 A CN111945300 A CN 111945300A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
composite material
pan
coaxial
pvdf
cellulose
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202010830021.1A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN111945300B (en
Inventor
刘翠
王振洋
张淑东
李年
陈立清
刘变化
蒋长龙
杨亮
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of CAS
Original Assignee
Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of CAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of CAS filed Critical Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of CAS
Priority to CN202010830021.1A priority Critical patent/CN111945300B/en
Publication of CN111945300A publication Critical patent/CN111945300A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN111945300B publication Critical patent/CN111945300B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/02—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to macromolecular substances, e.g. rubber
    • B05D7/04—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to macromolecular substances, e.g. rubber to surfaces of films or sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
    • C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/14—Solid materials, e.g. powdery or granular
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
    • D01D5/003—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
    • D01D5/0076—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the collecting device, e.g. drum, wheel, endless belt, plate or grid
    • D01D5/0084—Coating by electro-spinning, i.e. the electro-spun fibres are not removed from the collecting device but remain integral with it, e.g. coating of prostheses
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F6/18—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/48—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
    • D04H1/43—Acrylonitrile series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/007—Addition polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/22—Polymers or copolymers of halogenated mono-olefins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/26—Polymers or copolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
    • D06M2101/28—Acrylonitrile; Methacrylonitrile
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/02—Moisture-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/022—Moisture-responsive characteristics hydrophylic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite material with photo-thermal conversion and heat storage and release functions, a preparation method and application, and belongs to the field of composite materials, wherein the composite material is of an upper-lower double-layer structure; a PAN cellulose film as a lower layer; and a coaxial cellulose membrane which takes the PAN cellulose membrane as a substrate and is coated with the organic phase change material on the surface of the PAN cellulose membrane in a spinning way, and the surface of the coaxial cellulose membrane is coated with the photothermal conversion material to be used as an upper layer of the composite material. The composite material has high-efficiency solar photo-thermal conversion capability, and can store and release redundant heat energy by utilizing the characteristics of the organic phase change material, so that the sunlight irradiation time is prolonged, and the heat energy utilization rate is improved.

Description

Composite material with photo-thermal conversion and storage and discharge functions, preparation method and application
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite material with photo-thermal conversion and heat storage and release functions, a preparation method and application, and belongs to the field of composite materials.
Background
The total amount of global water resources is large, but the fresh water resources which can be directly utilized by human beings only account for 0.26 percent of the total amount of earth water resources. Meanwhile, with the gradual increase of population, high-speed development of economy and continuous change of global climate all over the world, the global crisis of shortage of fresh water resources is increasing. Seawater desalination is one of the effective ways to solve the shortage of fresh water resources. The traditional seawater desalination method is to convert other forms of energy (heat energy, mechanical energy, electric energy and the like) into seawater brine and separate the seawater brine to realize seawater desalination, a large amount of fossil fuel energy can be directly or indirectly consumed in the process, and although the problem of fresh water shortage can be relieved, the energy crisis and the environmental pollution are aggravated at the same time. The solar energy is a new energy which is green, environment-friendly, renewable and rich in resources, and has wide application prospect in the aspect of replacing fossil fuel to become a new generation of energy. Therefore, the method for desalinating seawater by using the heat energy converted from the solar energy for evaporating water is an economic and environment-friendly method, and provides a promising method for solving the problems of global energy shortage, environmental pollution and the like.
Since the evaporation of water only occurs on the surface of water, and to obtain high efficiency of water vapor generation, the thermal energy converted from sunlight must be concentrated on the interface between water and air by the photothermal conversion material, therefore, in the process of solar seawater desalination, the photothermal conversion material is one of the most critical components, and the surface temperature thereof has a crucial influence on the evaporation rate of seawater in the sun. In order to increase the surface temperature of the photothermal conversion material and achieve high-efficiency solar photothermal conversion efficiency, it is necessary to design some complex and delicate substructures such as plasma materials (Au nanoparticles, Ag nanoparticles, Al nanoparticles, and the like) and carbon-based materials (graphene, reduced graphene, and the like) to widen the absorption range of sunlight (0.2 to 2.5 μm) while reducing the reflection in the infrared region (2.5 to 25 μm).
The interface solar photo-thermal conversion material can effectively improve the surface temperature of seawater and the desalination efficiency of solar seawater, but simultaneously has the following two problems: (1) the solar irradiation is discontinuous, so that the interface solar seawater desalination is limited by the time of the solar irradiation; (2) to some extent, seawater evaporation does not fully utilize the heat energy generated by the absorption of a broad spectrum of light by a solar photo-thermal conversion material, wherein part of the heat energy is lost through heat conduction, heat convection and heat radiation. Therefore, if the solar irradiation time can be prolonged and the residual heat generated by sunlight is utilized to improve the utilization rate of heat energy, the efficiency of solar seawater desalination can be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a composite material with photo-thermal conversion and storage and discharge functions, a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the composite material with the functions of photo-thermal conversion and heat storage and release is adopted, and the composite material is of an upper-lower double-layer structure;
a PAN cellulose film as a lower layer; and a coaxial cellulose membrane which takes the PAN cellulose membrane as a substrate and is coated with the organic phase change material on the surface of the PAN cellulose membrane in a spinning way, and the surface of the coaxial cellulose membrane is coated with the photothermal conversion material to be used as an upper layer of the composite material.
Preferably, the organic phase change material adopts n-tetradecanol.
Preferably, the coaxial cellulose membrane is made of PVDF.
Preferably, the photothermal conversion material is Ag-Ti3C2。
Preferably, the Ag-Ti3C2The preparation method comprises the following steps:
LiF is dissolved in HCl first, and then Ti is slowly added3AlC2Adjusting pH after etching, carrying out ultrasonic treatment in Ar atmosphere, carrying out centrifugal separation and drying to obtain Ti3C2Nanosheets;
getting Ti3C2Dispersing the nano-sheets in distilled water, and dropwise adding AgNO under stirring3Aqueous solution of Ag and Ti3C2Is 0.25:1,the obtained mixed solution is subjected to ultrasonic and centrifugal washing and then is dispersed into distilled water to obtain uniform Ag-Ti3C2And (3) solution.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the composite material, which comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a layer of PAN cellulose film as the lower layer of the composite material by using an electrostatic spinning technology;
the PAN cellulose film is used as a substrate, a coaxial cellulose film coated with an organic phase change material is spun on the surface of the PAN cellulose film by using a coaxial electrostatic spinning technology, and finally, a photothermal conversion material is coated on the surface of the coaxial cellulose film to serve as an upper layer of the composite material.
Preferably, the preparation method of the composite material specifically comprises the following steps:
1) dispersing PAN into DMF, and then preparing a PAN cellulose film by using an electrostatic spinning technology;
2) dispersing PVDF into DMF to prepare PVDF solution, replacing PAN solution in the step 1), replacing the single-shaft needle in the step 1) with a coaxial needle, and connecting C14H29OH solution, and then spinning C on the surface of the PAN cellulose film14H29Putting the OH @ PVDF coaxial fiber film into a vacuum drying oven for drying;
3) using jet deposition of Ag-Ti3C2Solution coating on C14H29And (3) obtaining the composite material on the surface of the OH @ PVDF coaxial fiber film.
Preferably, in the steps 1) and 2), in the electrostatic spinning process, the temperature is controlled to be 23-28 ℃, and the humidity is less than or equal to 60 percent; in the step 2), drying is carried out in a vacuum drying oven at 120 ℃ for 3 h.
Finally, the invention also provides an application of the composite material in seawater desalination.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the composite material with the functions of photo-thermal conversion and heat storage and release adopts the PAN cellulose membrane as the lower layer and the C with the heat storage and release capacity14H29OH is used as an organic phase change material, and C is spun on PAN by utilizing a coaxial electrostatic spinning technology14H29OH @ PVDF, overcoated with Ag-Ti3C2As a photothermal conversion material. The PAN cellulose membrane as the lower layer has low heat conductivity coefficient, has the function of thermal protection, can prevent the heat transfer from the membrane to water, and reduces the heat loss; in addition, PAN has good hydrophilicity, can generate a capillary phenomenon, and realizes that water at the bottom is conveyed to the interface of the metamaterial. Secondly, selecting Ag-Ti3C2The material is Ag-Ti3C2The absorption rate is high, the infrared reflectivity is low, and sunlight can be converted into heat energy to the maximum extent. In addition, selection C14H29OH is used as an organic phase change material because of proper phase change temperature (38 ℃) and higher enthalpy value of phase change, when sunlight generates heat energy to desalt the interface seawater, partial heat is left, and C14H29OH is used as a phase change material, can generate phase change under the action of residual heat, stores the heat to the maximum extent, releases the heat to carry out seawater and fresh water when the sun does not exist at night, further prolongs the irradiation time of the sunlight, improves the utilization rate of the sunlight heat energy, and improves the efficiency of seawater desalination. And the organic phase change material is packaged by PVDF by a coaxial electrostatic spinning technology, so that the leakage and the aging of the organic phase change material are well prevented.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention combines and assembles the photo-thermal conversion material with high absorptivity and low infrared reflectivity, the PVDF packaged organic phase change material and the cellulose film with low heat conductivity coefficient and good hydrophilicity by the electrostatic textile technology to prepare the two-sided composite metamaterial.
2. The invention has simple operation and easily obtained raw materials, can be produced in large scale, is convenient for being applied in multiple fields, such as seawater desalination, and the composite material ensures that the efficiency of solar seawater desalination reaches 85.7 percent, and has 8 percent of additional seawater desalination efficiency even under the condition of no sunlight irradiation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a PAN layer;
FIG. 2 is C14H29SEM image of OH @ PVDF (core-shell ratio of 1:2.5) layer;
FIG. 3 is C14H29TEM image of OH @ PVDF (core-shell ratio 1:2.5) layer;
FIG. 4 is C14H29SEM image of cross section of OH @ PVDF-PAN;
FIG. 5 shows Ag-Ti3C2Coated C14H29SEM image of OH @ PVDF-PAN;
FIG. 6 shows Ag-Ti3C2Coated C14H29TEM image of OH @ PVDF-PAN;
FIG. 7 is C14H29SEM image of core-shell ratio of OH @ PVDF of 1: 3.25;
FIG. 8 is C14H29SEM image of core-shell ratio of OH @ PVDF of 1: 5.5.
Detailed Description
The following examples are further illustrative of the present invention as to the technical content of the present invention, but the essence of the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and one of ordinary skill in the art can and should understand that any simple changes or substitutions based on the essence of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A composite material with both photothermal conversion and heat storage and release functions comprises:
a PAN cellulose film as a lower layer;
and n-tetradecanol (C) coated on the surface of PAN cellulose film by using PAN cellulose film as substrate14H29OH) PVDF coaxial cellulose membrane, coating Ag-Ti on the surface of the coaxial cellulose membrane3C2As an upper layer of the composite material.
The invention utilizes the PAN cellulose membrane with better hydrophilicity to generate the woolThe fine phenomenon conveys seawater to the surface of the composite metamaterial, solar energy is absorbed and converted into heat energy by utilizing the photo-thermal conversion material, part of the heat energy evaporates interfacial water for seawater desalination, and redundant heat is absorbed by C14H29OH @ PVDF phase-change material C14H29OH is absorbed and stored and is released to desalt the seawater in the absence of sunlight, thereby prolonging the irradiation time of the sunlight, simultaneously improving the utilization rate of the sunlight heat energy and improving the efficiency of the seawater desalination.
The preparation method of the composite material with the functions of photo-thermal conversion and heat storage and release comprises the following steps:
firstly, PAN is dispersed into DMF to prepare PAN solution with the mass fraction of 8%, and PVDF is dispersed into DMF to prepare PVDF solution with the mass fraction of 10%;
then, a PAN cellulose film is prepared by utilizing an electrostatic spinning technology, the prepared PAN cellulose film is used as a lower layer, the structure is shown in figure 1, as can be seen from the figure, the diameter of the PAN cellulose film is 0.25 mu m, the PAN solution is replaced by PVDF solution, a uniaxial needle is replaced by a coaxial needle, and C is connected14H29OH solution, then continuously spinning C on the surface of the PAN cellulose film prepared before14H29The SEM image of the OH @ PVDF coaxial cellulose membrane is shown in FIG. 2, from which it can be seen that C14H29The diameter (0.45 μm) of the OH @ PVDF coaxial cellulose membrane is obviously larger than that of the PAN cellulose membrane (0.25 μm), and the C is finally obtained14H29Core-shell ratio of OH @ PVDF was 1:2.5 (as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4), and FIG. 3 shows that the organic phase change material (C)14H29OH) is uniformly encapsulated in PVDF, preventing leakage of organic phase change material, C in FIG. 414H29The thickness of the OH @ PVDF layer was about 17 μm, and the thickness of the PAN layer was about 32 μm; wherein the organic phase change material (C)14H29OH) to C14H29The mass fraction of OH @ PVDF is 30.3%, in order to ensure that a uniform film is prepared, the temperature is controlled to be about 25 ℃ and the humidity is not higher than 60% in the electrostatic spinning process;
after spinning, putting the obtained two-sided composite film into a vacuum drying oven, and drying for 3 hours at 120 ℃;
then using jet deposition method to make Ag-Ti3C2Coating the solution on the surface of a coaxial cellulose membrane, Ag-Ti3C2Is 0.05 wt% (based on the mass of the coaxial cellulose film), thereby obtaining the composite material; in addition, Ag-Ti3C2Coated C14H29SEM and TEM images of OH @ PVDF are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, from which it can be seen that the photothermal conversion material Ag-Ti3C2Uniformly coated on C14H29The surface of the OH @ PVDF coaxial cellulose membrane provides suitable conditions for the solar photothermal conversion.
Wherein the photothermal conversion material is Ag-Ti3C2The preparation method comprises the following steps:
2g LiF were first dissolved in 40mL 9M HCl and 2g Ti were slowly added3AlC2Etching at 35 deg.C for 24h, adjusting pH to 5, ultrasonic treating in Ar atmosphere for 5h, centrifuging, and drying to obtain Ti3C2Nanosheets;
then 10mg of Ti was taken3C2Dispersing the nanosheets in 10mL of distilled water, and dropwise adding 1mL of AgNO under stirring3Aqueous solution of Ag and Ti3C2Is 0.25: 1. The resulting mixed solution was washed by sonication and centrifugation, and then redispersed in distilled water to give 1mg mL-1Homogeneous Ag-Ti3C2And (3) solution.
In addition, when the composite material obtained in example 1 was irradiated with an infrared lamp for 10 seconds, the surface temperature change value of the composite material was 34 ℃, the temperature change value after 30 seconds was 42 ℃, and after 60 seconds, C14H29The surface temperature change of the OH @ PVDF-PAN material was only 28 ℃. These results show that the composite material prepared in example 1 can rapidly and effectively absorb solar energy and convert the solar energy into directional heat energy, and the heat storage peak value of the composite material appears at 34 ℃ and C14H29The phase transition initiation temperature (35 ℃) of OH is consistent. But the cellulose film without the organic phase change material coated thereon rapidly drops to room temperature. These results show that the invention is useful forThe composite material has the functions of solar photo-thermal conversion and thermal energy storage and release.
In the application of solar seawater desalination, the application method can be as follows: a piece of the composite material of the invention, 4cm in diameter, was taken and allowed to float freely on top of a beaker containing 50mL of water. Then the light intensity is 0.294W cm-2The infrared lamp is used for vertical irradiation, the infrared camera is used for recording the change of the surface of the film and the temperature of water, and meanwhile, an electronic balance is used for recording the weight loss condition of water in the evaporation process. Finally, the evaporation rate of the water was determined by recording the change in mass over time. The experiment was conducted at room temperature of about 25 ℃ and a relative humidity of about 45%.
As a result, it was found that the surface temperature of the composite material reached 31.6 ℃ after 3 minutes of irradiation with an infrared lamp, the water evaporation efficiency was as high as 85.7%, whereas the water evaporation efficiency was only 23.8% under the same conditions without the presence of the composite material. Also, the composite still showed 8% additional efficiency of seawater desalination in the absence of solar irradiation.
Example 2
The preparation method of the composite material in this example is the same as that in example 1, the mass fraction of the organic phase change material is 30.3%, except that the content of the added photothermal conversion material is 0.025 wt%.
In this example, the surface temperature change value of the composite material after 10s irradiation was 30.4 ℃ and the temperature change value after 30s irradiation was 38.2 ℃ when the composite material was irradiated with an infrared lamp. In the application of solar seawater desalination, after the infrared lamp is used for irradiating for 3 minutes, the surface temperature of the composite material reaches 28.2 ℃, and the water evaporation efficiency reaches 69.4%.
Example 3
The preparation method of the composite material in this example is the same as that of example 1, the content of the added photothermal conversion material is 0.05 wt%, except that the content of the organic phase change material is different, and C14H29The ratio of the core to the shell of the OH @ PVDF is 1:3.25, wherein the mass fraction of the organic phase change material is 24.4%.
FIG. 7 is C14H29SEM image of OH @ PVDF (core to shell ratio of 1:3.25), in this caseThe content of the organic phase change material is reduced compared with that in the embodiment 1, so that when latent heat accumulation and heat release occur, the heat quantity released by the storage is reduced, and therefore, the solar irradiation time is limited to a certain extent.
Example 4
The preparation method of the composite material in this example is the same as that of example 1, the content of the added photothermal conversion material is 0.05 wt%, except that the content of the organic phase change material is different, and C14H29The ratio of the core to the shell of the OH @ PVDF is 1:5.5, wherein the mass fraction of the organic phase change material is 13.1%.
FIG. 8 is C14H29SEM images of OH @ PVDF (core to shell ratio of 1:5.5), where the organic phase change material content was lower than in examples 1 and 3, were further somewhat limited in "extending" the solar exposure time.
The above description is only exemplary of the invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, as any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the invention should be included in the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The composite material with the functions of photo-thermal conversion and heat storage and release is characterized in that the composite material is of an upper-lower double-layer structure;
a PAN cellulose film as a lower layer;
and a coaxial cellulose membrane which takes the PAN cellulose membrane as a substrate and is coated with the organic phase change material on the surface of the PAN cellulose membrane in a spinning way, and the surface of the coaxial cellulose membrane is coated with the photothermal conversion material to be used as an upper layer of the composite material.
2. The composite material with both photothermal conversion and heat storage and release functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein n-tetradecanol is used as the organic phase change material.
3. The composite material with both photothermal conversion and heat storage and release functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the co-axial cellulose membrane is PVDF.
4. The composite material with both photothermal conversion and heat storage and release functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein Ag-Ti is adopted as the photothermal conversion material3C2。
5. The composite material with both photothermal conversion and heat storage and release functions as claimed in claim 4, wherein Ag-Ti is added3C2The preparation method comprises the following steps:
LiF is dissolved in HCl first, and then Ti is slowly added3AlC2Adjusting pH after etching, carrying out ultrasonic treatment in Ar atmosphere, carrying out centrifugal separation and drying to obtain Ti3C2Nanosheets;
getting Ti3C2Dispersing the nano-sheets in distilled water, and dropwise adding AgNO under stirring3Aqueous solution of Ag and Ti3C2The initial mass ratio of the Ag-Ti is 0.25:1, and the obtained mixed solution is subjected to ultrasonic and centrifugal washing and then is dispersed into distilled water to obtain uniform Ag-Ti3C2And (3) solution.
6. A method for preparing a composite material according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that a PAN cellulose film is obtained as the lower layer of the composite material by electrospinning;
the PAN cellulose film is used as a substrate, a coaxial cellulose film coated with an organic phase change material is spun on the surface of the PAN cellulose film by using a coaxial electrostatic spinning technology, and finally, a photothermal conversion material is coated on the surface of the coaxial cellulose film to serve as an upper layer of the composite material.
7. The method for preparing the composite material according to claim 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) dispersing PAN into DMF, and then preparing a PAN cellulose film by using an electrostatic spinning technology;
2) PVDF is dispersed in DMF to preparePreparing PVDF solution, replacing PAN solution in the step 1), simultaneously replacing the single-shaft needle in the step 1) with a coaxial needle, and connecting C14H29OH solution, and then spinning C on the surface of the PAN cellulose film14H29Putting the OH @ PVDF coaxial fiber film into a vacuum drying oven for drying;
3) using jet deposition of Ag-Ti3C2Solution coating on C14H29And (3) obtaining the composite material on the surface of the OH @ PVDF coaxial fiber film.
8. The preparation method of the composite material according to claim 7, wherein in the steps 1) and 2), the temperature is controlled to be 23-28 ℃ and the humidity is less than or equal to 60% in the electrostatic spinning process.
9. The method for preparing the composite material according to claim 7, wherein in the step 2), the composite material is dried in a vacuum drying oven at 120 ℃ for 3 hours.
10. Use of a composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in desalination of sea water.
CN202010830021.1A 2020-08-17 2020-08-17 Composite material with photo-thermal conversion and storage and discharge functions, preparation method and application Active CN111945300B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010830021.1A CN111945300B (en) 2020-08-17 2020-08-17 Composite material with photo-thermal conversion and storage and discharge functions, preparation method and application

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010830021.1A CN111945300B (en) 2020-08-17 2020-08-17 Composite material with photo-thermal conversion and storage and discharge functions, preparation method and application

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111945300A true CN111945300A (en) 2020-11-17
CN111945300B CN111945300B (en) 2022-08-05

Family

ID=73343612

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202010830021.1A Active CN111945300B (en) 2020-08-17 2020-08-17 Composite material with photo-thermal conversion and storage and discharge functions, preparation method and application

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111945300B (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114277475A (en) * 2021-12-01 2022-04-05 东华大学 Gray yarn with temperature regulating function and preparation method thereof
CN115198519A (en) * 2022-07-15 2022-10-18 武汉纺织大学 High-efficiency photothermal conversion hydrophilic/hydrophobic fiber felt and preparation method thereof
US11958308B1 (en) 2023-05-31 2024-04-16 G13 Innovation In Production Ltd Thermal paper, and methods and systems for forming the same

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005307388A (en) * 2004-04-21 2005-11-04 Toray Ind Inc Thermoconditioning textile structure
CN1958890A (en) * 2006-11-08 2007-05-09 中国科学院广州化学研究所 Heat storaging, thermoregulated superfine composite fibre of possessing kernel / shell structure, and preparation method
CN106207237A (en) * 2016-08-29 2016-12-07 重庆大学 There is the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of cold-starting function
CN111331936A (en) * 2020-03-12 2020-06-26 吉林大学 Bionic coupling anti-icing and deicing flexible film with dolphin skin-like structure
CN111348708A (en) * 2020-02-10 2020-06-30 东华大学 Light-oriented solar photo-thermal seawater evaporation method and device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005307388A (en) * 2004-04-21 2005-11-04 Toray Ind Inc Thermoconditioning textile structure
CN1958890A (en) * 2006-11-08 2007-05-09 中国科学院广州化学研究所 Heat storaging, thermoregulated superfine composite fibre of possessing kernel / shell structure, and preparation method
CN106207237A (en) * 2016-08-29 2016-12-07 重庆大学 There is the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of cold-starting function
CN111348708A (en) * 2020-02-10 2020-06-30 东华大学 Light-oriented solar photo-thermal seawater evaporation method and device
CN111331936A (en) * 2020-03-12 2020-06-26 吉林大学 Bionic coupling anti-icing and deicing flexible film with dolphin skin-like structure

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114277475A (en) * 2021-12-01 2022-04-05 东华大学 Gray yarn with temperature regulating function and preparation method thereof
CN115198519A (en) * 2022-07-15 2022-10-18 武汉纺织大学 High-efficiency photothermal conversion hydrophilic/hydrophobic fiber felt and preparation method thereof
CN115198519B (en) * 2022-07-15 2023-08-08 武汉纺织大学 High-efficiency photo-thermal conversion hydrophilic/hydrophobic fiber mat and preparation method thereof
US11958308B1 (en) 2023-05-31 2024-04-16 G13 Innovation In Production Ltd Thermal paper, and methods and systems for forming the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN111945300B (en) 2022-08-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN111945300B (en) Composite material with photo-thermal conversion and storage and discharge functions, preparation method and application
Shao et al. Stackable nickel–cobalt@ polydopamine nanosheet based photothermal sponges for highly efficient solar steam generation
Fang et al. Biomass porous potatoes/MXene encapsulated PEG-based PCMs with improved photo-to-thermal conversion capability
Wang et al. Water Skin Effect and Arched Double‐Sided Evaporation for Boosting All‐Weather High Salinity Desalination
Zhang et al. A lotus-inspired 3D biomimetic design toward an advanced solar steam evaporator with ultrahigh efficiency and remarkable stability
CN107829330A (en) A kind of preparation method of photo-thermal distillation film and the high-efficiency solar desalter containing photo-thermal distillation film
CN109852349A (en) A kind of conversion of optical and thermal energy and thermal energy storage stable phase change composite material and preparation method thereof
CN111268754B (en) Solar-driven photo-thermal-salt difference power generation coupling synergistic interface evaporation system
CN113603935B (en) Composite aerogel with Janus characteristics and preparation method and application thereof
Li et al. Efficiency enhancement on the solar steam generation by wick materials with wrapped graphene nanoparticles
CN108715471A (en) A kind of method for desalting seawater based on copper nano particles photo-thermal effect
Wang et al. A self-floating and integrated bionic mushroom for highly efficient solar steam generation
Gao et al. Sandwich-structured MXene/wood aerogel with waste heat utilization for continuous desalination
CN110357191A (en) A kind of portable high-efficiency sea water desalination material and its preparation, application method
CN107158968A (en) A kind of composite semipermeable membrane containing semiconductor chalcogenide, preparation method and the usage that water is evaporated for light
CN114744917B (en) Graphene power generation device and preparation method and application thereof
Zhu et al. Wood nanotechnology: a more promising solution toward energy issues: a mini-review
CN114702093A (en) Method for preparing three-dimensional porous salt-resistant interface evaporator by using CNTs modified polyurethane sponge
Liu et al. Electricity‐Boosted Solar‐to‐Vapor Conversion upon Fiber‐Supported CDs@ CuS for Rapidly Vaporizing Seawater
Huang et al. A hybrid nanogenerator for collecting both water wave and steam evaporation energy
CN115746383B (en) Composite film material, preparation method thereof and solar evaporator
CN110358140B (en) Chrysanthemum-shaped bismuth sulfide and polyvinylidene fluoride composite polyurethane sponge and preparation method and application thereof
Maleki et al. Solar water desalination using single-layer solar steam generation systems
CN115448401A (en) Solar seawater evaporator with self-floating jellyfish-like structure, preparation method and application
CN115124102A (en) ZIF-8 derived carbon-wood sponge composite evaporation material and preparation method and application thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant