CN111945298A - Preparation method of porous breathable non-woven fabric - Google Patents
Preparation method of porous breathable non-woven fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN111945298A CN111945298A CN202010781960.1A CN202010781960A CN111945298A CN 111945298 A CN111945298 A CN 111945298A CN 202010781960 A CN202010781960 A CN 202010781960A CN 111945298 A CN111945298 A CN 111945298A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/56—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/08—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for forming hollow filaments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
- D04H1/544—Olefin series
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of porous breathable non-woven fabric, which comprises the following steps: dissolving glucose in water, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 180-220 ℃ for 5-10h, cooling to room temperature, washing, drying, adding yttrium oxide, ammonium metavanadate and nitric acid solution, adjusting the temperature to 40-50 ℃, stirring for 20-40min, adding citric acid, and stirring to obtain pretreated carbon powder; adding phenolic resin, phenylboronic acid and ethanol into the pretreated carbon powder, adjusting the temperature to 80-90 ℃, stirring for 1-2h, removing the ethanol, curing, then placing in a nitrogen-protected tube furnace, heating, cooling to room temperature, grinding, and washing with water to obtain porous nano powder; adding polypropylene, halloysite nanotubes, polyoxyethylene alkylamine, stearic acid and oxidized polyethylene wax into the porous nano powder, uniformly mixing, feeding into a screw extrusion granulator for melt extrusion, and cooling and granulating to obtain master batches; and (3) feeding the master batch into melt-blowing equipment for spinning, and drying to obtain the porous breathable non-woven fabric.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-woven fabrics, in particular to a preparation method of a porous breathable non-woven fabric.
Background
Nonwoven fabrics are also known as nonwovens and are called fabrics because of their fabric appearance and certain properties. The non-woven fabric is made of directional or random fibers, and has the characteristics of moisture resistance, air permeability, flexibility, light weight, no combustion supporting, no toxicity, no irritation, rich colors, low price, recycling and the like. The polypropylene fiber is produced by taking polypropylene granules as raw materials through a continuous one-step method of high-temperature melting, spinning, laying a line and hot-pressing coiling. The non-woven fabric is widely applied to the fields of medical health and health care, clothing and shoemaking, leather, household decorative materials, filtering materials, insulating materials, packaging materials, civil engineering, construction, water conservancy, automobile industry, agriculture, military industry and national defense and the like.
The melt-blown technology is a method for preparing superfine fibers by quickly stretching polymer melt by blowing at high speed and high temperature air flow, can be formed into non-woven fabrics in one step, and the non-woven fabrics produced by the melt-blown technology and assembled by random stacking of the fibers have very excellent structural properties, such as superfine fibers, large specific surface area, small solute diffusion resistance and the like, and are particularly suitable for being used as adsorption and filtration separation materials. Nowadays, non-woven fabrics have been deeply penetrated into various departments of national economy, the types of raw materials are increasingly wide, for example, coconut fibers, cotton linters, glass staple fibers, carbon fibers, graphite fibers, stainless steel fibers and the like are all used for producing non-woven fabrics to prepare special industrial fabrics which have excellent performance and are essential for the development of modern industry, the mechanical property of the fibers prepared by the conventional spray-melting technology at present is too poor, and the internal pore structure is easy to damage, so that the non-woven fabrics have poor air permeability, and a solution is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a preparation method of a porous breathable non-woven fabric.
A preparation method of porous breathable non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving glucose in water, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 180-220 ℃ for 5-10h, cooling to room temperature, washing, drying, adding yttrium oxide, ammonium metavanadate and nitric acid solution, adjusting the temperature to 40-50 ℃, stirring for 20-40min, adding citric acid, and stirring to obtain pretreated carbon powder;
s2, adding phenolic resin, phenylboronic acid and ethanol into the pretreated carbon powder, adjusting the temperature to 80-90 ℃, stirring for 1-2h, removing the ethanol, curing for 2-4h at 150-160 ℃, then placing the mixture into a nitrogen-protected tube furnace, heating to 500-600 ℃ at the speed of 2-4 ℃/min, cooling to room temperature, grinding, and washing with water to obtain porous nano powder;
s3, adding polypropylene, halloysite nanotubes, polyoxyethylene alkylamine, stearic acid and oxidized polyethylene wax into the porous nano powder, uniformly mixing, feeding the mixture into a screw extrusion granulator for melt extrusion, and cooling and granulating to obtain master batches;
s4, feeding the master batch into melt-blowing equipment, wherein the width of a nozzle slit is 0.5-0.55mm, the temperature of a die opening is 175-180 ℃, the temperature of hot air is 205-210 ℃, the gas pressure is 0.12-0.15MPa, the spinning speed is 90-98kg/h, and drying is carried out to obtain the porous breathable non-woven fabric.
Preferably, in S1, the concentration of the nitric acid solution is 0.8-1.5mol/L, and the mass ratio of glucose, yttrium oxide, ammonium metavanadate, the nitric acid solution and citric acid is 4-10: 0.1-0.5: 1-2: 40-60: 1-3.
Preferably, in S2, the mass ratio of the pretreated carbon powder to the phenolic resin to the phenyl boric acid is 6-10: 30-50: 5-12.
Preferably, in S2, the number of washing with water is 2 to 4.
Preferably, in S3, the mass ratio of the porous nanopowder, the polypropylene, the halloysite nanotubes, the polyoxyethylene alkylamine, the stearic acid, and the oxidized polyethylene wax is 40-60: 50-100: 10-16: 1-2: 1-3: 0.2-0.8.
Preferably, in S3, the length-diameter ratio of the screw extrusion granulator is 40-41, the compression ratio is 3.2-3.5, the screw rotation speed is 500-600r/min, the extrusion temperature is 190-200 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 140-150 kg/h.
Preferably, the air-permeable nonwoven fabric obtained in S4 has an average fiber diameter of 3 to 6 μm, a porosity of individual fibers of 92 to 94%, and a pore size distribution of pores in the fibers of 50 to 150 nm.
Preferably, the gram weight of the breathable non-woven fabric obtained in S4 is 30-34g/m2The porosity is 80-86%.
The technical effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the invention, glucose is subjected to hydrothermal treatment to form a nano carbon sphere as an inner core, a layer of yttrium vanadate is covered on the surface of the nano carbon sphere, the nano carbon sphere is matched with phenolic resin and phenylboronic acid to be fully dispersed and subjected to curing and crosslinking, after high-temperature treatment in a tubular furnace, internal carbon dioxide overflows and forms a large number of uniform channels on the surface of a product, and boron oxide formed by high-temperature reaction is washed by water and is matched with pore channels formed by the overflowing carbon dioxide to effectively form pore channelsOverflow, the specific surface area of the formed nano-scale product can reach 3000m2More than g, excellent air permeability; meanwhile, borate ester structures formed in the high-temperature process are uniformly distributed in the system, so that the crosslinking degree of the product can be effectively improved, and the mechanical property is good on the basis of ensuring the air permeability of the product;
the porous nano powder has excellent dispersion performance with polypropylene and halloysite nanotubes under the action of polyoxyethylene alkylamine, is melted and extruded in a screw extrusion granulator, is adsorbed and fused with each other, contains a large number of through pore channels, forms an integral porous structure after fusion, not only effectively solves the defects of easy agglomeration and uneven dispersion of nano materials in the application process, but also has more balanced mechanical properties, high mechanical property isotropy and fracture resistance and excellent air permeability.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of porous breathable non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving 4kg of glucose in 50kg of deionized water, feeding the solution into a hydrothermal reactor, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 180 ℃ for 10h, cooling the solution to room temperature, washing the solution with ethanol, drying the solution, adding 0.1kg of yttrium oxide, 2kg of ammonium metavanadate and 40kg of nitric acid solution with the concentration of 1.5mol/L, adjusting the temperature to 40 ℃, stirring the solution for 40min, adding 1kg of citric acid, and stirring the solution for 15min to obtain pretreated carbon powder;
s2, adding 50kg of phenolic resin, 5kg of phenylboronic acid and 150kg of ethanol into 6kg of pretreated carbon powder, adjusting the temperature to 80 ℃, stirring for 2h at the stirring speed of 1000r/min, removing the ethanol, conveying the mixture into a vacuum oven at the temperature of 160 ℃, curing for 2h, then placing the mixture into a nitrogen-protected tube furnace, heating to 500 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, cooling to room temperature, grinding, crushing and washing for 4 times to obtain porous nano powder;
s3, adding 100kg of polypropylene, 10kg of halloysite nanotubes, 2kg of polyoxyethylene alkylamine, 1kg of stearic acid and 0.8kg of oxidized polyethylene wax into 40kg of porous nano powder, uniformly mixing, feeding the mixture into a screw extrusion granulator for melt extrusion, wherein the length-diameter ratio of the screw extrusion granulator is 40, the compression ratio is 3.5, the rotating speed of the screw is 500r/min, the extrusion temperature is 200 ℃, the extrusion speed is 140kg/h, and cooling granulation is carried out to obtain master batches;
s4, feeding the master batch into melt-blowing equipment, drying to obtain the porous breathable non-woven fabric, wherein the width of a nozzle slit is 0.55mm, the temperature of a die opening is 175 ℃, the temperature of hot air is 210 ℃, the gas pressure is 0.12MPa, and the spinning speed is 98 kg/h.
The grammage of the porous air-permeable nonwoven fabric obtained in this example was 30g/m2Porosity of 81.35%, wherein the average fiber diameter is 5.2 μm, the porosity of the individual fibers is 92.68%, and the size distribution of the pores in the fiber ranges from 120 to 150 nm.
Example 2
A preparation method of porous breathable non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving 10kg of glucose in 30kg of deionized water, feeding the solution into a hydrothermal reactor, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 220 ℃ for 5h, cooling the solution to room temperature, washing the solution with ethanol, drying the solution, adding 0.5kg of yttrium oxide, 1kg of ammonium metavanadate and 60kg of nitric acid solution with the concentration of 0.8mol/L, adjusting the temperature to 50 ℃, stirring the solution for 20min, adding 3kg of citric acid, and stirring the solution for 5min to obtain pretreated carbon powder;
s2, adding 30kg of phenolic resin, 12kg of phenylboronic acid and 80kg of ethanol into 10kg of pretreated carbon powder, adjusting the temperature to 90 ℃, stirring for 1h at a stirring speed of 2000r/min, removing the ethanol, then sending the mixture into a vacuum oven at a temperature of 150 ℃ for curing for 4h, then placing the mixture into a nitrogen-protected tube furnace, heating to 600 ℃ at a speed of 2 ℃/min, cooling to room temperature, grinding and crushing, and washing for 2 times to obtain porous nano powder;
s3, adding 50kg of polypropylene, 16kg of halloysite nanotubes, 1kg of polyoxyethylene alkylamine, 3kg of stearic acid and 0.2kg of oxidized polyethylene wax into 60kg of porous nano powder, uniformly mixing, feeding the mixture into a screw extrusion granulator for melt extrusion, wherein the length-diameter ratio of the screw extrusion granulator is 41, the compression ratio is 3.2, the rotating speed of the screw is 600r/min, the extrusion temperature is 190 ℃, the extrusion speed is 150kg/h, and cooling granulation is carried out to obtain master batches;
s4, feeding the master batch into melt-blowing equipment, drying to obtain the porous breathable non-woven fabric, wherein the width of a nozzle slit is 0.5mm, the temperature of a die opening is 180 ℃, the temperature of hot air is 205 ℃, the gas pressure is 0.15MPa, and the spinning speed is 90 kg/h.
The grammage of the porous air-permeable nonwoven fabric obtained in this example was 31g/m2The porosity is 80%, wherein the average diameter of the fiber is 5.9 μm, the porosity of the individual fiber is 92.11%, and the size distribution range of the pores in the fiber is 120-150 nm.
Example 3
A preparation method of porous breathable non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving 6kg of glucose in 45kg of deionized water, feeding the solution into a hydrothermal reactor, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 190 ℃ for 8h, cooling the solution to room temperature, washing the solution with ethanol, drying the solution, adding 0.2kg of yttrium oxide, 1.7kg of ammonium metavanadate and 45kg of nitric acid solution with the concentration of 1.4mol/L, adjusting the temperature to 43 ℃, stirring the solution for 35min, adding 1.5kg of citric acid, and stirring the solution for 12min to obtain pretreated carbon powder;
s2, adding 45kg of phenolic resin, 8kg of phenylboronic acid and 120kg of ethanol into 7kg of pretreated carbon powder, adjusting the temperature to 82 ℃, stirring for 1.7h at the stirring speed of 1200r/min, removing the ethanol, conveying the mixture into a vacuum oven at the temperature of 157 ℃, curing for 2.5h, then placing the mixture into a nitrogen-protected tube furnace, heating to 530 ℃ at the speed of 3.5 ℃/min, cooling to room temperature, grinding, crushing, and washing with water for 3 times to obtain porous nano powder;
s3, adding 60kg of polypropylene, 14kg of halloysite nanotubes, 1.3kg of polyoxyethylene alkylamine, 2.5kg of stearic acid and 0.4kg of oxidized polyethylene wax into 55kg of porous nano powder, uniformly mixing, feeding into a screw extrusion granulator for melt extrusion, wherein the length-diameter ratio of the screw extrusion granulator is 40.5, the compression ratio is 3.4, the screw rotation speed is 520r/min, the extrusion temperature is 197 ℃, the extrusion speed is 142kg/h, and cooling granulation is carried out to obtain master batches;
s4, feeding the master batches into melt-blowing equipment, drying to obtain the porous breathable non-woven fabric, wherein the width of a nozzle slit is 0.54mm, the temperature of a die opening is 176 ℃, the temperature of hot air is 208 ℃, the gas pressure is 0.13MPa, and the spinning speed is 96 kg/h.
The resulting porous Material of this exampleThe gram weight of the air non-woven fabric is 32g/m2The porosity was 85.93%, wherein the average fiber diameter was 3.3 μm, the individual fiber porosity was 93.57%, and the pore size distribution in the fibers ranged from 80 to 110 nm.
Example 4
A preparation method of porous breathable non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving 8kg of glucose in 35kg of deionized water, feeding the solution into a hydrothermal reactor, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 210 ℃ for 6h, cooling the solution to room temperature, washing the solution with ethanol, drying the solution, adding 0.4kg of yttrium oxide, 1.3kg of ammonium metavanadate and 55kg of nitric acid solution with the concentration of 1mol/L, adjusting the temperature to 47 ℃, stirring the solution for 25min, adding 2.5kg of citric acid, and stirring the solution for 8min to obtain pretreated carbon powder;
s2, adding 35kg of phenolic resin, 10kg of phenylboronic acid and 100kg of ethanol into 9kg of pretreated carbon powder, adjusting the temperature to 88 ℃, stirring for 1.3h at a stirring speed of 1800r/min, removing the ethanol, conveying the mixture into a vacuum oven at a temperature of 153 ℃, curing for 3.5h, then placing the mixture into a nitrogen-protected tube furnace, heating to 570 ℃ at a speed of 2.5 ℃/min, cooling to room temperature, grinding, crushing, and washing with water for 3 times to obtain porous nano powder;
s3, adding 80kg of polypropylene, 12kg of halloysite nanotubes, 1.7kg of polyoxyethylene alkylamine, 1.5kg of stearic acid and 0.6kg of oxidized polyethylene wax into 45kg of porous nano powder, uniformly mixing, feeding into a screw extrusion granulator for melt extrusion, wherein the length-diameter ratio of the screw extrusion granulator is 40.5, the compression ratio is 3.3, the screw rotation speed is 580r/min, the extrusion temperature is 193 ℃, the extrusion speed is 148kg/h, and cooling granulation is carried out to obtain master batches;
s4, feeding the master batches into melt-blowing equipment, drying to obtain the porous breathable non-woven fabric, wherein the width of a nozzle slit is 0.52mm, the temperature of a die opening is 178 ℃, the temperature of hot air is 206 ℃, the gas pressure is 0.14MPa, and the spinning speed is 92 kg/h.
The grammage of the porous air-permeable nonwoven fabric obtained in this example was 34g/m2Porosity of 84.33%, wherein the average fiber diameter is 3.9 μm, the porosity of the individual fibers is 92.70%, and the size distribution of the pores in the fibers ranges from 80 to 110 nm.
Example 5
A preparation method of porous breathable non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving 7kg of glucose in 40kg of deionized water, feeding the solution into a hydrothermal reactor, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 7h at 200 ℃, cooling the solution to room temperature, washing the solution with ethanol, drying the solution, adding 0.3kg of yttrium oxide, 1.5kg of ammonium metavanadate and 50kg of nitric acid solution with the concentration of 1.2mol/L, adjusting the temperature to 45 ℃, stirring the solution for 30min, adding 2kg of citric acid, and stirring the solution for 10min to obtain pretreated carbon powder;
s2, adding 10kg of phenolic resin, 9kg of phenylboronic acid and 110kg of ethanol into 8kg of pretreated carbon powder, adjusting the temperature to 85 ℃, stirring for 1.5h at the stirring speed of 1500r/min, removing the ethanol, conveying the mixture into a vacuum oven at the temperature of 155 ℃, curing for 3h, then placing the mixture into a nitrogen-protected tube furnace, heating to 550 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, cooling to room temperature, grinding, crushing and washing for 3 times to obtain porous nano powder;
s3, adding 70kg of polypropylene, 13kg of halloysite nanotubes, 1.5kg of polyoxyethylene alkylamine, 2kg of stearic acid and 0.5kg of oxidized polyethylene wax into 50kg of porous nano powder, uniformly mixing, feeding the mixture into a screw extrusion granulator for melt extrusion, wherein the length-diameter ratio of the screw extrusion granulator is 40.5, the compression ratio is 3.35, the rotation speed of the screw is 550r/min, the extrusion temperature is 195 ℃, the extrusion speed is 145kg/h, and cooling granulation is carried out to obtain master batches;
s4, feeding the master batches into melt-blowing equipment, drying to obtain the porous breathable non-woven fabric, wherein the width of a nozzle slit is 0.53mm, the temperature of a die opening is 177 ℃, the temperature of hot air is 207 ℃, the gas pressure is 0.135MPa, and the spinning speed is 94 kg/h.
The grammage of the porous air-permeable nonwoven fabric obtained in this example was 33g/m2The porosity was 85.87%, wherein the average fiber diameter was 3.6 μm, the individual fiber porosity was 93.59%, and the pore size distribution in the fiber ranged from 50 to 80 nm.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 10kg of phenolic resin, 9kg of phenylboronic acid and 110kg of ethanol into 8kg of carbon powder, adjusting the temperature to 85 ℃, stirring for 1.5h at a stirring speed of 1500r/min, removing the ethanol, then sending into a vacuum oven at a temperature of 155 ℃ for curing for 3h, then placing into a nitrogen-protected tube furnace, heating to 550 ℃ at a speed of 3 ℃/min, cooling to room temperature, grinding and crushing, and washing for 3 times to obtain porous nano powder;
s2, adding 70kg of polypropylene, 13kg of halloysite nanotubes, 1.5kg of polyoxyethylene alkylamine, 2kg of stearic acid and 0.5kg of oxidized polyethylene wax into 50kg of porous nano powder, uniformly mixing, feeding the mixture into a screw extrusion granulator for melt extrusion, wherein the length-diameter ratio of the screw extrusion granulator is 40.5, the compression ratio is 3.35, the rotation speed of the screw is 550r/min, the extrusion temperature is 195 ℃, the extrusion speed is 145kg/h, and cooling granulation is carried out to obtain master batches;
s3, feeding the master batch into melt-blowing equipment, drying to obtain the non-woven fabric, wherein the width of a nozzle slit is 0.53mm, the temperature of a die opening is 177 ℃, the temperature of hot air is 207 ℃, the gas pressure is 0.135MPa, and the spinning speed is 94 kg/h.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving 7kg of glucose in 40kg of deionized water, feeding the solution into a hydrothermal reactor, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 7h at 200 ℃, cooling the solution to room temperature, washing the solution with ethanol, drying the solution, adding 0.3kg of yttrium oxide, 1.5kg of ammonium metavanadate and 50kg of nitric acid solution with the concentration of 1.2mol/L, adjusting the temperature to 45 ℃, stirring the solution for 30min, adding 2kg of citric acid, and stirring the solution for 10min to obtain pretreated carbon powder;
s2, adding 110kg of ethanol into 8kg of pretreated carbon powder, adjusting the temperature to 85 ℃, stirring for 1.5h at the stirring speed of 1500r/min, removing the ethanol, sending into a vacuum oven at the temperature of 155 ℃, curing for 3h, then placing into a nitrogen-protected tube furnace, heating to 550 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, cooling to room temperature, grinding, crushing, and washing for 3 times to obtain porous nano powder;
s3, adding 70kg of polypropylene, 13kg of halloysite nanotubes, 1.5kg of polyoxyethylene alkylamine, 2kg of stearic acid and 0.5kg of oxidized polyethylene wax into 50kg of porous nano powder, uniformly mixing, feeding the mixture into a screw extrusion granulator for melt extrusion, wherein the length-diameter ratio of the screw extrusion granulator is 40.5, the compression ratio is 3.35, the rotation speed of the screw is 550r/min, the extrusion temperature is 195 ℃, the extrusion speed is 145kg/h, and cooling granulation is carried out to obtain master batches;
s4, feeding the master batch into melt-blowing equipment, drying to obtain the non-woven fabric, wherein the width of a nozzle slit is 0.53mm, the temperature of a die opening is 177 ℃, the temperature of hot air is 207 ℃, the gas pressure is 0.135MPa, and the spinning speed is 94 kg/h.
Comparative example 3
A preparation method of non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving 7kg of glucose in 40kg of deionized water, feeding the solution into a hydrothermal reactor, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 7h at 200 ℃, cooling the solution to room temperature, washing the solution with ethanol, drying the solution, adding 0.3kg of yttrium oxide, 1.5kg of ammonium metavanadate and 50kg of nitric acid solution with the concentration of 1.2mol/L, adjusting the temperature to 45 ℃, stirring the solution for 30min, adding 2kg of citric acid, and stirring the solution for 10min to obtain pretreated carbon powder;
s2, adding 10kg of phenolic resin, 9kg of phenylboronic acid and 110kg of ethanol into 8kg of pretreated carbon powder, adjusting the temperature to 85 ℃, stirring for 1.5h at the stirring speed of 1500r/min, removing the ethanol, conveying the mixture into a vacuum oven at the temperature of 155 ℃, curing for 3h, then placing the mixture into a nitrogen-protected tube furnace, heating to 550 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, cooling to room temperature, grinding, crushing and washing for 3 times to obtain porous nano powder;
s3, adding 70kg of polypropylene, 13kg of halloysite nanotubes, 2kg of stearic acid and 0.5kg of oxidized polyethylene wax into 50kg of porous nano powder, uniformly mixing, feeding into a screw extrusion granulator, and carrying out melt extrusion, wherein the length-diameter ratio of the screw extrusion granulator is 40.5, the compression ratio is 3.35, the screw rotation speed is 550r/min, the extrusion temperature is 195 ℃, the extrusion speed is 145kg/h, and cooling granulation is carried out to obtain master batches;
s4, feeding the master batch into melt-blowing equipment, drying to obtain the non-woven fabric, wherein the width of a nozzle slit is 0.53mm, the temperature of a die opening is 177 ℃, the temperature of hot air is 207 ℃, the gas pressure is 0.135MPa, and the spinning speed is 94 kg/h.
The porous air-permeable nonwoven fabric obtained in example 5 and the nonwoven fabrics obtained in comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to physical property tests, and the results were as follows:
| example 5 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | |
| Gram weight, g/m2 | 33 | 32 | 34 | 32 |
| Porosity% | 85.87 | 72.44 | 79.35 | 83.69 |
| Average diameter of fiber, μm | 3.6 | 9.4 | 6.8 | 5.2 |
| Porosity of individual fibers,% | 93.59 | 78.25 | 85.34 | 90.16 |
From the above table, it can be seen that: the non-woven fabric obtained by the invention has the advantages that a large number of through pore channels are fused to form an integral porous breathable structure, the porosity of single fibers and the overall porosity are improved, and therefore, the obtained non-woven fabric has high porosity, the pore structures are mutually communicated and the breathability is good.
The porous, air-permeable nonwoven fabric obtained in example 5 and the nonwoven fabrics obtained in comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to mechanical property tests, and the results were as follows:
| example 5 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | |
| Bending length, cm | 2.01 | 2.27 | 2.15 | 2.10 |
| Flexural rigidity, mN. cm | 4.0 | 4.9 | 4.5 | 4.2 |
| Breaking strength, Mpa | 81.4 | 66.5 | 71.2 | 75.9 |
| Elongation at break,% | 158 | 141 | 147 | 153 |
Wherein, the bending length and the bending rigidity are measured according to GB/T18318.1-2009, the sample size is 25mm multiplied by 200mm (width multiplied by length), and the shorter the bending length, the smaller the bending rigidity, which indicates that the softness of the non-woven fabric is better; the breaking strength and the breaking elongation are tested by a YG (B)026H electronic fabric strength tester according to GB/T3923.1-2013.
From the above table, it can be seen that: the bending length and the bending rigidity of the non-woven fabric obtained by the invention are superior to those of a comparative example, and the non-woven fabric obtained by the invention is proved to have better softness; and the breaking strength and the breaking elongation of the non-woven fabric obtained by the invention are also superior to those of a comparative example, and the non-woven fabric obtained by the invention is proved to be soft and strong in mechanical property.
The porous air-permeable nonwoven fabric obtained in example 5 and the nonwoven fabrics obtained in comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to liquid-absorbing air-permeable property test, and the results were as follows:
wherein, the permeability is that a certain amount of artificial urine flows to a non-woven fabric sample laid on a standard water absorption liner according to the specification, and the time required for all liquid to penetrate through the non-woven fabric sample is measured by an electrical measurement method; air permeability was tested according to GB/T5453-1997 determination of air permeability of textile fabrics.
From the above table, it can be seen that: because the non-woven fabric obtained by the invention forms a porous breathable structure, the permeability and the breathability of the non-woven fabric obtained by the invention are superior to those of a comparative example.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of the porous breathable non-woven fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, dissolving glucose in water, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 180-220 ℃ for 5-10h, cooling to room temperature, washing, drying, adding yttrium oxide, ammonium metavanadate and nitric acid solution, adjusting the temperature to 40-50 ℃, stirring for 20-40min, adding citric acid, and stirring to obtain pretreated carbon powder;
s2, adding phenolic resin, phenylboronic acid and ethanol into the pretreated carbon powder, adjusting the temperature to 80-90 ℃, stirring for 1-2h, removing the ethanol, curing for 2-4h at 150-160 ℃, then placing the mixture into a nitrogen-protected tube furnace, heating to 500-600 ℃ at the speed of 2-4 ℃/min, cooling to room temperature, grinding, and washing with water to obtain porous nano powder;
s3, adding polypropylene, halloysite nanotubes, polyoxyethylene alkylamine, stearic acid and oxidized polyethylene wax into the porous nano powder, uniformly mixing, feeding the mixture into a screw extrusion granulator for melt extrusion, and cooling and granulating to obtain master batches;
s4, feeding the master batch into melt-blowing equipment, wherein the width of a nozzle slit is 0.5-0.55mm, the temperature of a die opening is 175-180 ℃, the temperature of hot air is 205-210 ℃, the gas pressure is 0.12-0.15MPa, the spinning speed is 90-98kg/h, and drying is carried out to obtain the porous breathable non-woven fabric.
2. The method for preparing the porous breathable non-woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the concentration of a nitric acid solution is 0.8-1.5mol/L, and the mass ratio of glucose, yttrium oxide, ammonium metavanadate, the nitric acid solution and citric acid is 4-10: 0.1-0.5: 1-2: 40-60: 1-3.
3. The method for preparing the porous breathable non-woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the mass ratio of the pretreated carbon powder, the phenolic resin and the phenylboronic acid is 6-10: 30-50: 5-12.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the number of washing steps in S2 is 2-4.
5. The method for preparing the porous breathable non-woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the mass ratio of the porous nano powder, the polypropylene, the halloysite nanotube, the polyoxyethylene alkylamine, the stearic acid and the oxidized polyethylene wax is 40-60: 50-100: 10-16: 1-2: 1-3: 0.2-0.8.
6. The method for preparing the porous breathable non-woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the length-diameter ratio of a screw extrusion granulator is 40-41, the compression ratio is 3.2-3.5, the screw rotation speed is 500-600r/min, the extrusion temperature is 190-200 ℃, and the extrusion speed is 140-150 kg/h.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the porous air-permeable nonwoven fabric obtained in S4 has an average fiber diameter of 3 to 6 μm, a porosity of individual fibers of 92 to 94%, and a pore size distribution of 50 to 150 nm.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the breathable nonwoven fabric obtained in S4 has a grammage of 30-34g/m2The porosity is 80-86%.
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