CN111945115A - Method for processing surface film of car lamp part - Google Patents
Method for processing surface film of car lamp part Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111945115A CN111945115A CN201910409487.1A CN201910409487A CN111945115A CN 111945115 A CN111945115 A CN 111945115A CN 201910409487 A CN201910409487 A CN 201910409487A CN 111945115 A CN111945115 A CN 111945115A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- laser
- lamp part
- processing
- car lamp
- film
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/007—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/58—After-treatment
- C23C14/5873—Removal of material
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for processing a surface film of a car lamp part, which DOEs not need to be shielded by a tool during vacuum coating or spraying to prepare the car lamp part with a film material with the thickness of 50 nm-15 mu m, and the film material on the surface of the car lamp part is processed according to a required pattern by using a laser spot with high processing precision; the method can rapidly and accurately process the surface of the part, improves the qualification rate and stability of the vehicle lamp part, and shortens the processing period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plastic surface treatment, in particular to a method for treating a surface film of a vehicle lamp part.
Background
The surface of the car lamp part is usually treated by a coating or spraying process to achieve the purpose of decoration and protection, and in the prior art, a decorative ring of the car lamp part is generally coated by electroplating, wherein the electroplating is to make a layer of metal film adhere to the surface of a metal or a material product thereof by utilizing the electrolytic action, so that the functions of preventing metal oxidation, improving wear resistance, conductivity, reflectivity, corrosion resistance and improving attractiveness are achieved. However, the electroplating process has the following disadvantages: the water electroplating in the electroplating process is generally only suitable for products made of ABS materials or PC/ABS alloy materials, the color of the plating layer is single, the plating layer is generally in sub-silver color, gray color, golden color, black chromium color and other metal colors, the thickness of the plating layer is generally 2-3 mu m, and the electroplating liquid of the electroplating is not up to standard in environmental protection and is generally accompanied with the generation of waste water, waste residues and the like.
The two processes of coating or spraying need to use a tool to perform local shielding in the treatment process, the schematic diagram of the traditional spraying process for obtaining the coating on the surface of the part is shown in fig. 2, and the effect of the surface coating obtained by the coating process is similar to that of fig. 2 (b). Therefore, the following defects exist in the actual processing process: firstly, the pattern is unclear, and mainly because a gap exists when the tool is used for shielding (the gap is too small, the tool has the risk of scratching a part), a film material or a coating is attached to the edge of the pattern through the gap in the film coating or spraying process, so that the film layer or the coating is accumulated at the boundary position shielded by the tool, the pattern boundary is unclear after film coating/spraying, and a transition area exists; secondly, the qualification rate is low, about 70%, when local pattern processing is carried out on the transition region, and the appearance quality of parts produced subsequently is influenced; the production efficiency of coating or spraying by using the local shielding of the tool is relatively low, the clamping of each part must be manually carried out, and the operation time of the tool is greatly different according to the structural complexity of the product, so that the production efficiency is low, and the average processing period of each part is about 20-30 min.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems of low part yield and stability and long processing period, the method for processing the surface film of the automobile part is provided, so that the yield and the stability of the part after the surface processing of the automobile part are improved, and the processing period is shortened.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following method:
a car light part surface film processing method, locate the car light part with membrane material on the work level of laser treatment, according to the car light part pattern required, presume the laser parameter; the laser parameters comprise 3W-30W of laser power, 8 KHz-80 KHz of laser frequency, 500 mm/s-7000 mm/s of laser speed, 0.01 mm-2 mm of filling space, 0-90 degrees of filling angle and 96cm of focal length.
Furthermore, the film material is prepared on the surface of the car lamp part by a vacuum coating or spraying process.
Furthermore, the film material is prepared on the surface of the car lamp part through vacuum coating, and the laser parameters comprise 3W-9W of laser power, 16 KHz-40 KHz of laser frequency, 2000-6000 mm/s of laser speed, 0.01 mm-0.05 mm of filling distance, 0-90 degrees of filling angle and 96cm of focal length.
Furthermore, the film material is prepared on the surface of the car lamp part through a spraying process, and the laser parameters comprise 6W-15W of laser power, 24 KHz-40 KHz of laser frequency, 1000-4000 mm/s of laser speed, 0.01 mm-1 mm of filling space, 0-90 degrees of filling angle and 96cm of focal length.
Further, the thickness of the film material is 50 nm-15 μm.
Further, the base material of the vehicle lamp part is one of PC, ABS and PC/ABS alloy.
Further, the car lamp part is one of a decorative ring, a lamp shade, a shell and a reflector.
Through a large number of experiments, the thickness of the vacuum coating film material is too thin and less than 100nm, so that a large number of risks exist in the process debugging process in the actual production, excessive processing can be caused if the laser energy power is too high or the frequency is too low, and the risk of scorching and even substrate decomposition exists when the substrate is processed by laser because the substrate is a plastic product such as PC; if the laser power is too low or the frequency is too high, the surface coating material cannot be removed, so that the surface is in a fuzzy state, and the product is scrapped and cannot be reworked. The laser speed and the filling space need to be matched and debugged, and under the premise of the actual same power frequency, the appearance is not uniform after processing due to the fact that the laser speed is too high or the filling space is too large, and grid type defects exist or film materials cannot be removed. The filling angle, the laser speed and the filling interval are matched to determine the production rhythm, on the premise of consistent technological effect, the three parts need to be matched and debugged to achieve the fastest processing rhythm, the processing rhythm difference of each product can be from 10s to 4min, and therefore the processing rhythm of the corresponding product needs to be guaranteed through a large amount of debugging and verification in the early period.
Because the thickness of the sprayed coating is too thick, generally 5-15 mu m, the sprayed coating is different from the vacuum coating, the sprayed material is generally paint, the paint has certain adhesion on the surface of the product, the paint corrodes the material to a certain degree, the paint needs to permeate into the base material, and the paint permeating into the base material needs to be removed in the subsequent laser treatment, the substrate has higher requirements on laser after the paint layer is removed, so the process needs to finish processing once, the process debugging must ensure that the paint penetrating into the substrate and the surface of the substrate is removed once on the premise that the laser does not damage the substrate, this requires a lot of verification experiments on parameters such as laser power, frequency, speed, filling distance, etc., when the process treatment effect meets the requirements, DOE verification experiments must be carried out carefully, the most efficient processing process is sought, and the production beat is ensured.
Influence of different substrates on laser parameters: different base materials are different in temperature resistance degree, different base materials are subjected to laser processing under the condition of the same film thickness, the condition that the processing appearance is inconsistent or the base materials are damaged easily occurs, and the laser power, the frequency, the filling interval and the laser speed must be matched and debugged aiming at materials which are not resistant to high temperature.
Effect of the difference in substrate color on laser parameters: the laser processing results are different under the condition that the same base material has different colors, the transparent and milky white base materials absorb less laser during processing, and the base materials can absorb the laser after the film materials are removed during processing of the black and the opaque colors. Compared with a transparent substrate, the substrate is easily damaged during black and other dark color laser processing under the same process conditions, and the laser power, frequency, filling space and laser speed need to be matched and adjusted.
The beneficial technical effects are as follows: according to the method for processing the surface film of the car lamp part, a tool is not needed to shield during vacuum coating or spraying, the car lamp part with the film material with the thickness of 50 nm-15 microns is manufactured, the laser light spot with high processing precision is used for processing the film material on the surface of the car lamp part according to a required pattern, redundant film material on the surface of the car lamp part can be gasified due to high energy of laser, so that the aim of removing the film material in a region without the required pattern is fulfilled, the debugging of laser processing parameters is affected due to different preparation processes of the film material on the car lamp part and different colors of a base material and the base material, a good effect can be obtained only through a large amount of experimental verification, and then a DOE verification experiment needs to be carried out carefully, the most efficient processing process is sought, and the production beat is ensured; the method can rapidly and accurately process the surface of the part, improves the qualification rate and stability of the vehicle lamp part, and shortens the processing period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of a method for treating a surface film of a vehicular lamp component according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional spraying processing process using a tool for shielding and a surface pattern effect of a vehicle lamp component, in which (a) is a schematic diagram of shielding by using the tool during spraying, and (b) is a schematic diagram of an obtained surface effect of the vehicle lamp component.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the effect of laser processing of the excess film material after the spraying process without tool shielding, wherein (a) is a schematic view of the spraying process of the invention, (b) is a schematic view of the laser processing of the invention, and (c) is a schematic view of the surface effect of the car lamp component obtained by the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and specific examples, without limiting the scope of the invention.
The diameter of a laser spot processed by the laser used in the following examples is 0.06mm, the laser power is 30W, the laser frequency is 80KHz, and laser parameters are set according to 10-100% of the laser power and the laser frequency.
Example 1
A vehicle lamp component: the base material of the headlamp decorative ring is PC, the color is milky white, and the headlamp decorative ring with 50nm thick film material is obtained through vacuum evaporation coating equipment.
Positioning a headlamp decorative ring lamp part with a 50nm thick film material on a laser processing workbench, leading in pattern data according to a required lamp part pattern, and setting laser parameters: the laser power is 30%, the laser frequency is 40%, the laser speed is 3000mm/s, the filling interval is 0.05mm, the filling angle is 90 degrees, the focal length is 96cm, and trial processing confirms that the appearance of the car lamp part meets the requirements, so that the laser removes redundant film materials on the premise of not damaging a base material, the required pattern is obtained, and the processing time of a single part is 8 s.
Example 2
A vehicle lamp component: the base material of the headlamp lampshade is PC, the color is transparent, the headlamp lampshade with a film material with the thickness of 5 mu m is obtained through a spraying process, and the spraying process is shown in figure 3(a), so that the headlamp lampshade does not need to be shielded by a tool.
A headlamp housing lamp part having a film thickness of 5 μm was positioned on a laser processing table, and as shown in fig. 3(b), pattern data was imported according to a desired lamp part pattern, and laser parameters were set: the laser power is 40%, the laser frequency is 50%, the laser speed is 1000mm/s, the filling pitch is 0.05mm, the filling angle is 90 degrees, the focal length is 96cm, and trial processing confirms that the appearance of the car lamp part meets the requirements, so that the laser removes redundant film materials on the premise of not damaging the base material to obtain the required pattern, and as shown in fig. 3(c), the processing time of a single part is 10 s.
Example 3
A vehicle lamp component: the base material of the headlamp shell is PC/ABS alloy, the color is black, and the headlamp shell with a film material with the thickness of 15 mu m is obtained through a spraying process.
Positioning a headlamp shell lamp part with a film material with the thickness of 15 mu m on a laser processing workbench, importing pattern data according to a required lamp part pattern, and setting laser parameters: the laser power is 20%, the laser frequency is 40%, the laser speed is 4000mm/s, the filling distance is 0.02mm, the filling angle is 90 degrees, the focal length is 96cm, and trial processing confirms that the appearance of the car lamp part meets the requirements, so that the laser removes redundant film materials on the premise of not damaging a base material, the required pattern is obtained, and the processing time of a single part is 10 s.
Example 4
A vehicle lamp component: the base material of the headlamp reflector is ABS, the color of the headlamp reflector is natural color ABS, and the headlamp reflector with 60nm thick film material is obtained through vacuum evaporation coating equipment.
Positioning a headlamp reflector car lamp part with a 60nm thick film material on a laser processing workbench, leading in pattern data according to a required car lamp part pattern, and setting laser parameters: the laser power is 10%, the laser frequency is 40%, the laser speed is 5000mm/s, the filling distance is 0.02mm, the filling angle is 90 degrees, the focal length is 96cm, and trial processing confirms that the appearance of the car lamp part meets the requirements, so that the laser removes redundant film materials on the premise of not damaging a base material, the required pattern is obtained, and the processing time of a single part is 11 s.
Example 5
A vehicle lamp component: the base material of the headlamp decorative ring is PC, the color is black, and the headlamp decorative ring with a film material with the thickness of 90nm is obtained through vacuum evaporation coating equipment.
Positioning a headlamp decorative ring car lamp part with a 90nm thick film material on a laser processing workbench, leading in pattern data according to a required car lamp part pattern, and setting laser parameters: the laser power is 20%, the laser frequency is 20%, the laser speed is 6000mm/s, the filling distance is 0.02mm, the filling angle is 90 degrees, the focal length is 96cm, and trial processing confirms that the appearance of the car lamp part meets the requirements, so that the laser removes redundant film materials on the premise of not damaging a base material, the required pattern is obtained, and the processing time of a single part is 12 s.
Claims (7)
1. A processing method of a surface film of a car lamp part is characterized in that the car lamp part with a film material is positioned on a workbench for laser processing, and laser parameters are set according to a required car lamp part pattern; the laser parameters comprise 3W-30W of laser power, 8 KHz-80 KHz of laser frequency, 500 mm/s-7000 mm/s of laser speed, 0.01 mm-2 mm of filling space, 0-90 degrees of filling angle and 96cm of focal length.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating material is formed on the surface of the vehicular lamp part by vacuum coating or spraying.
3. The method for processing the surface film of the car lamp part according to claim 2, wherein the film material is prepared on the surface of the car lamp part by vacuum coating, and the laser parameters comprise 3W-9W of laser power, 16 KHz-40 KHz of laser frequency, 2000-6000 mm/s of laser speed, 0.01 mm-0.05 mm of filling distance, 0-90 degrees of filling angle and 96cm of focal length.
4. The method for processing the surface film of the car lamp part according to claim 2, wherein the film material is prepared on the surface of the car lamp part by a spraying process, and the laser parameters comprise 6W-15W of laser power, 24 KHz-40 KHz of laser frequency, 1000-4000 mm/s of laser speed, 0.01 mm-1 mm of filling space, 0-90 degrees of filling angle and 96cm of focal length.
5. The method for processing a surface film of a vehicular lamp component according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the thickness of the film material is 50nm to 15 μm.
6. The method for treating a surface film of a vehicular lamp part according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the substrate of the vehicular lamp part is one of PC, ABS and PC/ABS alloy.
7. The method for processing a surface film of a vehicular lamp part according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the vehicular lamp part is one of a bezel, a lamp cover, a housing, and a reflector.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910409487.1A CN111945115A (en) | 2019-05-17 | 2019-05-17 | Method for processing surface film of car lamp part |
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| CN201910409487.1A CN111945115A (en) | 2019-05-17 | 2019-05-17 | Method for processing surface film of car lamp part |
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Application publication date: 20201117 |