CN111943461A - Electrolytic capacitor and electrode foil wastewater treatment method and treatment system - Google Patents
Electrolytic capacitor and electrode foil wastewater treatment method and treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
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- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
Abstract
The invention discloses an electrolytic capacitor and an electrode foil wastewater treatment method and a treatment system, belonging to the technical field of sewage treatment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: 1) classifying and sorting the production wastewater according to the indexes and the concentrations of pollutants, and regulating and storing the production wastewater in respective regulating tanks to stabilize the water quality; 2) pre-reacting the high-phosphorus wastewater in a phosphorus removal reaction sedimentation tank to remove phosphorus; 3) carrying out pre-denitrification treatment on the high-nitrogen wastewater; 4) removing partial impurities and organic matters from the low-concentration wastewater; 5) mixing the pretreated wastewater, continuing the comprehensive treatment of the wastewater, and finally clarifying the effluent to discharge after reaching the standard; 7) and (3) discharging sludge generated in the pretreatment process into a sludge concentration tank, performing filter pressing dehydration, and then transporting the sludge to an outside for disposal. The electrolytic capacitor and the electrode foil wastewater treatment system provided by the invention combine the treatment method to successfully solve the problem of treatment of high-phosphorus, high-nitrogen and high-organic matters in electronic wastewater, reduce sludge treatment cost, and have the advantages of low operation cost, stable operation and simple operation and maintenance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to an electrolytic capacitor and an electrode foil wastewater treatment method and system.
Background
In recent years, with the multiplied growth of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor industry in China, the aluminum foil industry for capacitors in China also grows rapidly in a leap-type manner. Annual production and consumption of aluminium foil worldwide has progressed from around 1 ten thousand tons in 1995 to the level of about 10 ten thousand tons at present. The industrial market prospect is wide, but simultaneously along with the continuous increase of the discharged wastewater of the industry, the task of treating the wastewater is heavier and heavier.
The industry is mainly provided with three production lines, namely a low-pressure corrosion production line, a formation production line and a water purifying agent production line. Wherein the corrosion production line is divided into primary corrosion and secondary corrosion, and the used main raw materials comprise: 20% hydrochloric acid, 8% sulfuric acid, 3% phosphoric acid, 3% nitric acid and the like, under the action of alternating current, firstly, primary corrosion is carried out to form initial corrosion holes on the surface of the plain foil, and then, secondary corrosion is carried out to further activate and expand the corrosion holes so as to form more spongy holes and enlarge the effective area of the aluminum foil. Finally, through a plurality of cleaning steps, residual corrosive liquid on the surface of the aluminum foil and impurities in the holes are cleaned, and the step can generate a large amount of cleaning wastewater containing high-concentration nitrate radicals and phosphate radicals.
The formation production line mainly adopts 1-5% of ammonium adipate as a raw material, is matched with 5% of phosphoric acid, adopts a direct current power supply, takes an aluminum foil as a positive electrode and an electrode plate as a negative electrode, generates an aluminum oxide oxidation film medium on the surface of the aluminum foil under the action of an electric field, and controls the thickness of an oxidation film through a five-stage formation step to prepare the formation foil with various voltage resistance (VF) specifications. This procedure produces a high phosphate radical, high organic content rinse effluent.
The main wastewater of the water purifying agent production line is produced into ground washing wastewater, equipment washing wastewater and spray tower wastewater of a water purifying agent workshop.
Besides the three production lines, domestic sewage and canteen wastewater are additionally attached to form various wastewater streams with different types of pollutants, different indexes, different concentrations and different water amounts, a targeted treatment process needs to be found, the wastewater streams are distinguished and sorted, and the treated wastewater reaches the standard and is discharged in a corresponding pretreatment and comprehensive treatment mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electrolytic capacitor and an electrode foil wastewater treatment method and system, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, realizing the thorough degradation of organic matters in the wastewater in the aluminum foil industry and the effective removal of total nitrogen and total phosphorus, and have the advantages of small sludge production amount, capability of digesting most sludge in the system, effective reduction of the sludge treatment investment and operation cost, low operation cost, simple operation and management and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides an electrolytic capacitor and an electrode foil wastewater treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: respectively introducing high-phosphorus wastewater, high-nitrogen wastewater, high-COD wastewater, low-concentration wastewater and domestic sewage into corresponding collecting tanks to homogenize the wastewater quality, and respectively carrying out aeration stirring, wherein the aeration strength is 2-4 m3/(m2·h)；
S2: the high-phosphorus wastewater passes through a phosphorus removal reaction tank, and phosphorus in the wastewater is subjected to flocculation reaction by adding a phosphorus removal agent;
s3: the high-phosphorus wastewater after the flocculation reaction is accessed into a dephosphorization sedimentation tank for sludge-water separation, sludge is discharged into a sludge concentration tank, and supernatant is accessed into an A/O treatment tank of a comprehensive treatment system;
s4: introducing the high-nitrogen wastewater into a denitrification reaction tank and a nitrification tank for denitrification pretreatment, and introducing effluent into an A/O treatment tank of a comprehensive treatment system;
s5: pumping the low-concentration wastewater into an air floatation treatment system, adding a medicament, and scraping suspended particles, oil stains and other fat pollutants in the wastewater in an air floatation tank by a residue scraping system after attaching to microbubbles and floating to the surface of the liquid along with the rising of the microbubbles through the microbubbles released in the water; the effluent is connected into an A/O treatment pool of the comprehensive treatment system;
s6: directly pumping the high COD wastewater and the domestic sewage into an A/O treatment tank of a comprehensive treatment system;
s7: collecting and uniformly mixing the pretreated high-phosphorus wastewater, high-nitrogen wastewater, low-concentration wastewater and high-COD wastewater and low-concentration wastewater in an A/O (anaerobic/oxic) treatment tank;
s8: carrying out blast aeration in the A/O treatment tank to degrade organic pollutants in the wastewater and remove nitrogen and phosphorus;
s9: the effluent of the A/O treatment tank automatically flows into a secondary sedimentation tank, sludge is settled at the bottom, part of the sludge flows back into the A/O treatment tank, part of the sludge is periodically discharged into a sludge concentration tank, and supernatant enters a reaction tank of a physicochemical treatment system;
s10: adding a flocculating agent into the reaction tank to further perform coagulation reaction on organic matters and suspended matters in the wastewater;
s11: after the coagulation reaction, the wastewater enters a physical and chemical sedimentation tank for sludge-water separation, clear water is discharged into a clear water tank to be discharged after reaching the standard, and precipitated sludge is discharged into a sludge concentration tank;
s12: and carrying out filter pressing on the sludge in the sludge concentration tank, and transporting and disposing the sludge cake.
Optionally, in the step S2, adding alkali to adjust the pH value of the wastewater to 9-10, and adding lime and PAM; the addition amount of the lime is 1-3 kg/m3The addition amount of the PAM is 0.005-0.01 kg/m3Waste water
Optionally, in the step S4, part of the high COD wastewater may be introduced into the denitrification reactor to supplement a denitrification carbon source; the denitrification reaction tank is provided with a three-phase separator which can effectively separate gas, liquid and solid phases; the hydraulic retention time of the denitrification reaction tank reactor is 1.5-2.0 d, and the reaction temperature in the reactor is controlled at 35-38 ℃; the nitrification tank is provided with blast aeration with aeration rate of 5-6 m3/(m2·h)。
Optionally, in the step S5, adding an alkali to adjust the pH to 9-10, and then adding a self-produced water purifying agent PAC and a PAM chemical, wherein the self-produced water purifying agent PAC is added in an amount of 0.15-0.3 kg/m3The addition amount of the PAM is 0.005-0.01 kg/m3Waste water; both the scum and the bottom sediment are discharged into a sludge concentration tank.
Optionally, before the aerobic treatment in the step S8, adjusting the pH value to 7.5 to 8.5; in the anoxic and aerobic comprehensive treatment process in the A/O treatment tank, the dissolved oxygen of anoxic treatment is less than or equal to 0.2mg/L, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 4: 1-5: 1, and the aeration rate of the anoxic treatment is 0.5-1.0 m3/(m2H); the dissolved oxygen of the aerobic treatment is 3-5 mg/L, and the aeration rate of the aerobic treatment is 5-6 m3/(m2H); and refluxing the sludge-water mixed solution subjected to aerobic treatment to an anoxic tank of the A/O treatment tank according to the reflux ratio of 330-450%.
Optionally, the precipitated sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank in the step S9 is refluxed to the anoxic treatment and aerobic treatment processes according to a reflux ratio of 150% to 300%.
Optionally, adding self-produced water purifying agents PAC and PAM in the coagulation reaction process in step S10; the addition amount of the self-produced water purifying agent PAC is 0.15-0.3 kg/m3The addition amount of the PAM is 0.005-0.01 kg/m3Waste water; adjusting the pH value to 7-8 in the coagulation reaction process; and (3) obtaining materialized precipitated sludge after the materialized precipitation treatment, and carrying out filter pressing concentration treatment on the materialized precipitated sludge in a sewage and sludge concentration tank.
Optionally, in step S12, the sludge property is adjusted by adding cationic PAM, wherein the addition amount of the cationic PAM is 0.002-0.0005 kg/m3And (4) sludge.
The invention also provides an electrolytic capacitor and electrode foil wastewater treatment system, which comprises a high-phosphorus wastewater collecting tank, a high-nitrogen wastewater collecting tank, a high-COD wastewater collecting tank, a low-concentration wastewater collecting tank and a domestic sewage collecting tank which are sequentially arranged in parallel; the high-phosphorus wastewater collection tank is connected with a comprehensive treatment system through a phosphorus removal reaction tank and a phosphorus removal sedimentation tank which are connected in series, the high-nitrogen wastewater collection tank is connected with the comprehensive treatment system through a denitrification reaction tank and a nitrification tank which are connected in series, the low-concentration wastewater collection tank is connected with the comprehensive treatment system through an air floatation treatment system, the high-COD wastewater collection tank and the domestic sewage collection tank are connected with the comprehensive treatment system through pipelines, and the comprehensive treatment system is connected with a clean water tank; and the dephosphorization sedimentation tank, the air floatation treatment system and the comprehensive treatment system are respectively communicated with the sludge concentration tank.
Optionally, the comprehensive treatment system comprises an a/O treatment tank, a secondary sedimentation tank, a physicochemical reaction tank and a physicochemical sedimentation tank which are sequentially communicated through pipelines; the A/O treatment pool comprises an anoxic pool and an aerobic pool which are communicated; the aerobic tank is communicated with the secondary sedimentation tank; a nitrifying liquid reflux device is arranged between the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank; a sludge reflux device is arranged between the secondary sedimentation tank and the anoxic tank as well as the aerobic tank, and the secondary sedimentation tank is communicated with a sludge concentration tank; and the dephosphorization sedimentation tank, the air floatation treatment system, the secondary sedimentation tank and the materialization sedimentation tank are respectively provided with a sludge discharge pipe and a sludge discharge pump which are communicated with the sludge concentration tank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention aims at the characteristics of high phosphorus, high nitrogen and high organic matter of the electrolytic capacitor and the electrode foil wastewater, carries out classification and arrangement on the wastewater according to the pollutant indexes and the concentration of the wastewater, and takes physicochemical pretreatment as a front-stage treatment process route; the comprehensive treatment process of the A/O treatment tank, the secondary sedimentation tank and the coagulating sedimentation tank is adopted as a core, wherein the anoxic and aerobic comprehensive treatment can synchronously carry out denitrification and dephosphorization, remove COD and reduce chroma, and the problems of difficult treatment of nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater and the like are effectively solved; the invention can reduce COD in the electrolytic capacitor and electrode foil wastewater from 5000mg/L to below 500mg/L, reduce phosphate in the wastewater from 1500mg/L to below 5mg/L, and simultaneously reduce ammonia nitrogen content in the wastewater from 200mg/L to below 25 mg/L. The effluent can reach the C grade standard (COD is less than or equal to 500mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 25mg/L, total nitrogen is less than or equal to 70mg/L, and P is less than or equal to 5mg/L) in the water quality standard for sewage discharge into cities and towns (GB/T31962-2015), the sludge yield of the whole process is small, the investment and the operation cost of sludge treatment are effectively reduced, and the method has the advantages of low power consumption, low operation cost, simple operation and management, stable operation and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the positional connection between an electrolytic capacitor and an electrode foil wastewater treatment system;
wherein, 1 is a high-phosphorus wastewater collection tank, 2 is a high-nitrogen wastewater collection tank, 3 is a high COD wastewater collection tank, 4 is a low-concentration wastewater collection tank, 5 is a domestic sewage collection tank, 6 is a phosphorus removal reaction tank, 7 is a denitrification reaction tank, 8 is a phosphorus removal sedimentation tank, 9 is a nitrification tank, 10 is an air flotation treatment system, 11 is an A/O treatment tank, 12 is a secondary sedimentation tank, 13 is a physicochemical reaction tank, 14 is a physicochemical sedimentation tank, 15 is a clear water tank, and 16 is a sludge concentration tank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide an electrolytic capacitor and an electrode foil wastewater treatment method and system, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, realizing the thorough degradation of organic matters in the wastewater in the aluminum foil industry and the effective removal of total nitrogen and total phosphorus, and have the advantages of small sludge production amount, capability of digesting most sludge in the system, effective reduction of the sludge treatment investment and operation cost, low operation cost, simple operation and management and the like.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and mainly adopts the steps of classifying and finishing various waste water into five types, namely high-phosphorus waste water, high-nitrogen waste water, high-COD waste water, low-concentration waste water and domestic sewage, and then pretreating various waste water. Wherein the high-phosphorus wastewater adopts a physicochemical phosphorus removal process, the high-nitrogen wastewater adopts a denitrification reactor to denitrate in advance, the low-concentration wastewater adopts an air floatation device to remove partial organic matters and impurities, the pretreated high-phosphorus wastewater enters a comprehensive treatment system to be treated continuously, and the high-COD wastewater and the domestic sewage directly enter the comprehensive treatment system. The comprehensive treatment adopts a process route which mainly comprises an A/O treatment tank, a secondary sedimentation tank and a coagulating sedimentation tank.
The method can remove high-concentration pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in advance in a targeted manner, reduce or avoid the influence on a subsequent comprehensive biochemical treatment system as much as possible, and then carry out comprehensive aerobic biochemical treatment. The process can effectively solve the problems of high nitrogen and phosphorus content, high organic matter concentration and difficult treatment in industrial wastewater. The method has the advantages of realizing the thorough degradation of organic matters in the wastewater in the aluminum foil industry and the effective removal of total nitrogen and total phosphorus, along with small sludge production amount of the whole process, capability of digesting most sludge in the system, effective reduction of the investment and the operating cost of sludge treatment, low operating cost, simple operation and management and the like.
The invention provides an electrolytic capacitor and an electrode foil wastewater treatment method, as shown in figure 1, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: respectively feeding high-phosphorus wastewater, high-nitrogen wastewater, high-COD wastewater, low-concentration wastewater and domestic sewage into a high-phosphorus wastewater collecting tank 1, a high-nitrogen wastewater collecting tank 2, a high-COD wastewater collecting tank 3, a low-concentration wastewater collecting tank 4 and a domestic sewage collecting tank 5 which respectively correspond to each other to homogenize the quality of the wastewater;
s2: high-phosphorus wastewater passes through a phosphorus removal reaction tank 6, and phosphorus in the wastewater is subjected to flocculation reaction by adding a phosphorus removal agent;
s3: the high-phosphorus wastewater after the flocculation reaction is accessed into a dephosphorization sedimentation tank 8 for sludge-water separation, sludge is discharged into a sludge concentration tank 16, and supernatant is accessed into an A/O treatment tank 11 of the comprehensive treatment system;
s4: the high-nitrogen wastewater is subjected to denitrification pretreatment, namely a denitrification reaction tank 7(DeTN) and a nitrification tank 9. Under the anoxic condition, the denitrification reaction tank 7 utilizes denitrifying bacteria groups with different gradients, organic matters as electron donors and nitrate radical refluxed from the nitrification tank 9 as electron acceptors to finally convert the nitrate radical into N in the heterotrophic process of the bacteria groups2Discharging the water body and realizing the high-efficiency denitrification of the wastewater. The effluent is connected into an A/O treatment pool 11 of the comprehensive treatment system;
s5: the low concentration wastewater is pumped into the air flotation treatment system 10. By adding the medicament, suspended particles, oil stains and other fat pollutants in the wastewater in the air floatation treatment system 10 are scraped by the residue scraping system after attaching to microbubbles and floating to the liquid surface along with the rising of the microbubbles through the microbubbles released in the water. The effluent is connected into an A/O treatment pool 11 of the comprehensive treatment system;
s6: directly pumping the high COD wastewater and the domestic sewage into a comprehensive treatment system;
s7: collecting and uniformly mixing the pretreated high-phosphorus wastewater, high-nitrogen wastewater, low-concentration wastewater and high-COD wastewater and low-concentration wastewater in an A/O treatment tank 11;
s8: blast aeration is carried out in the A/O treatment tank 11, most organic pollutants in the wastewater are degraded, and nitrogen and phosphorus are removed;
s9: the effluent of the A/O treatment tank 11 automatically flows into a secondary sedimentation tank 12, sludge is settled at the bottom, part of the sludge flows back into the aerobic tank, and part of the sludge is periodically discharged into a sludge concentration tank 16. The supernatant enters a physicochemical reaction tank 13 of a physicochemical treatment system;
s10: adding a flocculating agent into the physicochemical reaction tank 13 to further perform coagulation reaction on organic matters and suspended matters in the wastewater;
s11: after the coagulation reaction, the wastewater enters a physical and chemical sedimentation tank 14 for mud-water separation, clear water is discharged into a clear water tank 15 and discharged out after reaching the standard, and precipitated sludge is discharged into a sludge concentration tank 16;
s12: and (4) carrying out filter pressing on the sludge in the sludge concentration tank 16, and transporting and disposing the sludge cakes.
The comprehensive treatment system comprises A/O aerobic biochemical treatment and physicochemical advanced treatment which are connected in series.
In the step S1, the collecting tanks are all matched with aeration stirring systems, and the aeration intensity is 2-4 m3/(m2H). In the step S2, adding alkali to adjust the pH value of the wastewater to 9-10, and adding lime and PAM; the addition amount of lime is 1-3 kg/m3The addition amount of PAM in the wastewater is 0.005-0.01 kg/m3Waste water; in the step S3, the phosphorus removal sedimentation tank is preferably a radial flow sedimentation tank, the linear speed of the selected mud scraper is 2-3 m/min, and the rotating speed is 1-3 r/h;
in step S4, part of the high COD wastewater can be connected into the denitrification reactor to supplement the denitrification carbon source; the denitrification reaction tank (DeTN) is provided with a three-phase separator for effectively separating gas, liquid and solid phases; reactor thereforThe hydraulic retention time is preferably 4d, and the reaction temperature in the reactor is controlled to be 35-38 ℃; the nitrification tank is provided with blast aeration with aeration rate of 5-6 m3/(m2H), the residence time of the nitrification tank is preferably 4 d; and refluxing the nitrified sludge-water mixed liquid into the denitrification tank according to the reflux ratio of 330-450%.
In the step S5, adding alkali to adjust the pH value to 9-10, and then adding a self-produced water purifying agent PAC and a PAM medicament, wherein the addition amount of the self-produced water purifying agent PAC is 0.15-0.3 kg/m3The addition amount of PAM in the wastewater is 0.005-0.01 kg/m3Waste water; discharging the scum and bottom sludge in the sedimentation tank into a sludge concentration tank; most of oil-containing substances and part of suspended matters are separated through air flotation, so that the influence of floating oil on subsequent treatment is reduced; the parameters of the air floatation are not specially limited, and the conventional air floatation parameters in the field can be adopted.
Before the aerobic treatment in the step S8, adjusting the pH value to 7.5-8.5; in the process of anoxic and aerobic (A/O) comprehensive treatment, the dissolved oxygen of the anoxic treatment is less than or equal to 0.2mg/L, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is (4-5): 1, and the aeration rate of the anoxic treatment is 0.5-1.0 m3/(m2H); the dissolved oxygen of the aerobic treatment is 3-5 mg/L, and the aeration rate of the aerobic treatment is 5-6 m3/(m2H). In the present invention, the total hydraulic retention time of the anoxic and aerobic treatment is preferably 2 days, and the hydraulic retention time of each treatment stage is preferably equal. In the invention, the sludge sedimentation ratio (SV30) of the anoxic and aerobic comprehensive treatment is preferably 70-80%; in the present invention, it is preferable that the nitrified liquid produced in the aerobic treatment is refluxed to the anoxic treatment. In the present invention, the reflux ratio of the nitrified liquid is preferably 330 to 450%, more preferably 350 to 400%. The invention preferably returns the nitrifying liquid to the anoxic treatment process under the condition of the reflux ratio, which is favorable for meeting the requirement of the denitrification of the heterotrophic bacteria on NO under the anoxic condition3-And is beneficial to reducing energy consumption. Refluxing the precipitated sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank in the step S9 to the anoxic treatment and the aerobic treatment according to the reflux ratio of 150-300%; the surface load of the secondary sedimentation tank is preferably 0.7m3/(m2·h)。
The invention is used for treating biochemical waste after biochemical treatmentAnd performing flocculation and sludge-water separation on the treated wastewater to obtain effluent reaching the standard. In the invention, a flocculating agent and a coagulant are preferably added into the wastewater in the flocculation treatment process; the flocculant and the coagulant are not particularly limited in kind, and may be prepared by using a reagent well known to those skilled in the art, and in the examples of the present invention, it is preferable to use polyaluminum chloride (self-produced water purifying agent PAC) flocculant and anionic Polyacrylamide (PAM) coagulant, and Al in the self-produced water purifying agent PAC flocculant2O3The content is preferably 24%, and the molecular weight of the PAM coagulant is preferably 1200 ten thousand. In the invention, the addition amount of the self-produced water purifying agent PAC is 0.15-0.3 kg/m3The addition amount of PAM in the wastewater is 0.005-0.01 kg/m3Waste water; adding alkali to adjust the pH value to 7-8 in the coagulation reaction process; the invention removes suspended matters (SS) in the wastewater through flocculation treatment, further reduces COD and reduces chroma.
In the invention, the purpose of the physical and chemical precipitation treatment is to realize mud-water separation, so that the effluent is clearer and the sludge loss is avoided. The present invention is not particularly limited with respect to the specific operating conditions for the separation of sludge and water, and may be carried out under conditions well known to those skilled in the art. After the physical and chemical precipitation treatment, the obtained effluent reaches the discharge standard and can be directly discharged. And (3) obtaining the materialized precipitated sludge after the materialized precipitation treatment, and carrying out filter pressing concentration treatment on the materialized precipitated sludge in a sewage and sludge concentration tank.
In the step S12, the sludge filter press is preferably plate-and-frame filter pressing, the sludge property is adjusted by adding cationic PAM, and the adding amount of the cationic PAM is 0.002-0.0005 kg/m3And (4) sludge.
The invention also provides an electrolytic capacitor and an electrode foil wastewater treatment system, wherein the structures of each collecting tank, sedimentation tank and treatment tank related in the system are known in the prior art, the invention mainly protects the arrangement and connection mode, and concretely, the connection relation is as shown in figure 1, and the system comprises a high-phosphorus wastewater collecting tank 1, a high-nitrogen wastewater collecting tank 2, a high-COD wastewater collecting tank 3, a low-concentration wastewater collecting tank 4 and a domestic wastewater collecting tank 5 which are sequentially arranged in parallel; the high-phosphorus wastewater collection tank 1 is connected with a dephosphorization reaction tank 6 and a dephosphorization sedimentation tank 8 through serial pipelines and is finally connected with a comprehensive treatment system through pipelines, the high-nitrogen wastewater collection tank 2 is connected with a denitrification reaction tank 7 and a nitrification tank 9 through serial pipelines and is finally connected with the comprehensive treatment system through pipelines, after the low-concentration wastewater collection tank 4 is communicated with an air floatation treatment system 10 through a pipeline, the air floatation treatment system 10 is connected with the comprehensive treatment system through a pipeline, the high-COD wastewater collection tank 3 and the domestic sewage collection tank 5 are connected with the comprehensive treatment system through pipelines, and the comprehensive treatment system is connected with a clean water tank 15 through a pipeline; the dephosphorization sedimentation tank 8, the air floatation treatment system 10 and the comprehensive treatment system are respectively communicated with a sludge concentration tank 16. In fig. 1, arrows above the phosphorus removal reaction tank 6, the air flotation treatment system 10 and the physicochemical reaction tank 13 indicate positions where the corresponding agents are respectively added.
The comprehensive treatment system comprises an A/O treatment tank 11, a secondary sedimentation tank 12, a physicochemical reaction tank 13 and a physicochemical sedimentation tank 14 which are sequentially communicated through pipelines; the A/O treatment tank 11 comprises an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank which are communicated through a pipeline, and the aerobic tank is communicated with the secondary sedimentation tank 12; a nitrifying liquid reflux device is arranged between the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank; a sludge reflux device is arranged between the secondary sedimentation tank 12 and the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank, and the secondary sedimentation tank 12 is communicated with a sludge concentration tank 16. The dephosphorization sedimentation tank 8, the air floatation treatment system 10, the secondary sedimentation tank 12 and the materialization sedimentation tank 14 are all provided with sludge discharge pipes and sludge discharge pumps which are communicated with a sludge concentration tank 16.
The invention aims at the characteristics of high phosphorus, high nitrogen and high organic matter of the electrolytic capacitor and the electrode foil wastewater, carries out classification and arrangement on the wastewater according to the pollutant indexes and the concentration of the wastewater, and takes physicochemical pretreatment as a front-stage treatment process route; the comprehensive treatment process of the A/O treatment tank, the secondary sedimentation tank and the coagulating sedimentation tank is adopted as a core, wherein the anoxic and aerobic comprehensive treatment can synchronously carry out denitrification and dephosphorization, remove COD and reduce chroma, and the problems of difficult treatment of nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater and the like are effectively solved; the invention can reduce COD in the electrolytic capacitor and electrode foil wastewater from 5000mg/L to below 500mg/L, reduce phosphate in the wastewater from 1500mg/L to below 5mg/L, and simultaneously reduce ammonia nitrogen content in the wastewater from 200mg/L to below 25 mg/L. The effluent can reach the C grade standard (COD is less than or equal to 500mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 25mg/L, total nitrogen is less than or equal to 70mg/L, and P is less than or equal to 5mg/L) in the water quality standard for sewage discharge into cities and towns (GB/T31962-2015), the sludge yield of the whole process is small, the investment and the operation cost of sludge treatment are effectively reduced, and the method has the advantages of low power consumption, low operation cost, simple operation and management, stable operation and the like.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In summary, this summary should not be construed to limit the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An electrolytic capacitor and an electrode foil wastewater treatment method are characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: respectively introducing high-phosphorus wastewater, high-nitrogen wastewater, high-COD wastewater, low-concentration wastewater and domestic sewage into corresponding collecting tanks to homogenize the wastewater quality, and respectively carrying out aeration stirring, wherein the aeration strength is 2-4 m3/(m2·h)；
S2: the high-phosphorus wastewater passes through a phosphorus removal reaction tank, and phosphorus in the wastewater is subjected to flocculation reaction by adding a phosphorus removal agent;
s3: the high-phosphorus wastewater after the flocculation reaction is accessed into a dephosphorization sedimentation tank for sludge-water separation, sludge is discharged into a sludge concentration tank, and supernatant is accessed into an A/O treatment tank of a comprehensive treatment system;
s4: introducing the high-nitrogen wastewater into a denitrification reaction tank and a nitrification tank for denitrification pretreatment, and introducing effluent into an A/O treatment tank of a comprehensive treatment system;
s5: pumping the low-concentration wastewater into an air floatation treatment system, adding a medicament, and scraping suspended particles, oil stains and other fat pollutants in the wastewater in an air floatation tank by a residue scraping system after attaching to microbubbles and floating to the surface of the liquid along with the rising of the microbubbles through the microbubbles released in the water; the effluent is connected into an A/O treatment pool of the comprehensive treatment system;
s6: directly pumping the high COD wastewater and the domestic sewage into an A/O treatment tank of a comprehensive treatment system;
s7: collecting and uniformly mixing the pretreated high-phosphorus wastewater, high-nitrogen wastewater, low-concentration wastewater and high-COD wastewater and low-concentration wastewater in an A/O (anaerobic/oxic) treatment tank;
s8: carrying out blast aeration in the A/O treatment tank to degrade organic pollutants in the wastewater and remove nitrogen and phosphorus;
s9: the effluent of the A/O treatment tank automatically flows into a secondary sedimentation tank, sludge is settled at the bottom, part of the sludge flows back into the A/O treatment tank, part of the sludge is periodically discharged into a sludge concentration tank, and supernatant enters a reaction tank of a physicochemical treatment system;
s10: adding a flocculating agent into the reaction tank to further perform coagulation reaction on organic matters and suspended matters in the wastewater;
s11: after the coagulation reaction, the wastewater enters a physical and chemical sedimentation tank for sludge-water separation, clear water is discharged into a clear water tank to be discharged after reaching the standard, and precipitated sludge is discharged into a sludge concentration tank;
s12: and carrying out filter pressing on the sludge in the sludge concentration tank, and transporting and disposing the sludge cake.
2. The electrolytic capacitor and the electrode foil wastewater treatment method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, adding alkali to adjust the pH value of the wastewater to 9-10, and adding lime and PAM; the addition amount of the lime is 1-3 kg/m3The addition amount of the PAM is 0.005-0.01 kg/m3And (4) waste water.
3. The electrolytic capacitor and the electrode foil wastewater treatment method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, part of the high COD wastewater can be introduced into the denitrification reactor to supplement the denitrification carbon source; the denitrification reaction tank is provided with a three-phase separator which can effectively separate gas, liquid and solid phases; the hydraulic retention time of the denitrification reaction tank reactor is 1.5-2.0 d, and the reaction temperature in the reactor is controlled at 35-38 ℃; the nitrification tank is provided with blast aeration with aeration rate of 5-6 m3/(m2·h)。
4. The method of claim 1The electrolytic capacitor and the method for treating electrode foil wastewater are characterized in that: adding alkali to adjust the pH value to 9-10 in the step S5, and then adding a self-produced water purifying agent PAC and a PAM medicament, wherein the addition amount of the self-produced water purifying agent PAC is 0.15-0.3 kg/m3The addition amount of the PAM is 0.005-0.01 kg/m3Waste water; both the scum and the bottom sediment are discharged into a sludge concentration tank.
5. The electrolytic capacitor and the electrode foil wastewater treatment method according to claim 1, wherein: before the aerobic treatment in the step S8, adjusting the pH value to 7.5-8.5; in the anoxic and aerobic comprehensive treatment process in the A/O treatment tank, the dissolved oxygen of anoxic treatment is less than or equal to 0.2mg/L, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 4: 1-5: 1, and the aeration rate of the anoxic treatment is 0.5-1.0 m3/(m2H); the dissolved oxygen of the aerobic treatment is 3-5 mg/L, and the aeration rate of the aerobic treatment is 5-6 m3/(m2H); and refluxing the sludge-water mixed solution subjected to aerobic treatment to an anoxic tank of the A/O treatment tank according to the reflux ratio of 330-450%.
6. The electrolytic capacitor and the electrode foil wastewater treatment method according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) refluxing the precipitated sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank in the step (S9) to the anoxic treatment process and the aerobic treatment process according to the reflux ratio of 150-300%.
7. The electrolytic capacitor and the electrode foil wastewater treatment method according to claim 1, wherein: adding self-produced water purifying agents PAC and PAM in the coagulation reaction process in the step S10; the addition amount of the self-produced water purifying agent PAC is 0.15-0.3 kg/m3The addition amount of the PAM is 0.005-0.01 kg/m3Waste water; adjusting the pH value to 7-8 in the coagulation reaction process; and (3) obtaining materialized precipitated sludge after the materialized precipitation treatment, and carrying out filter pressing concentration treatment on the materialized precipitated sludge in a sewage and sludge concentration tank.
8. The electrolytic capacitor and the electrode foil wastewater treatment method according to claim 1, wherein: step S12, adjusting the sludge property by adding cationic PAM, wherein the adding amount of the cationic PAM is 0.002-0.0005 kg/m3And (4) sludge.
9. An electrolytic capacitor and electrode foil wastewater treatment system is characterized in that: the system comprises a high-phosphorus wastewater collecting tank, a high-nitrogen wastewater collecting tank, a high-COD wastewater collecting tank, a low-concentration wastewater collecting tank and a domestic sewage collecting tank which are sequentially arranged in parallel; the high-phosphorus wastewater collection tank is connected with a comprehensive treatment system through a phosphorus removal reaction tank and a phosphorus removal sedimentation tank which are connected in series, the high-nitrogen wastewater collection tank is connected with the comprehensive treatment system through a denitrification reaction tank and a nitrification tank which are connected in series, the low-concentration wastewater collection tank is connected with the comprehensive treatment system through an air floatation treatment system, the high-COD wastewater collection tank and the domestic sewage collection tank are connected with the comprehensive treatment system through pipelines, and the comprehensive treatment system is connected with a clean water tank; and the dephosphorization sedimentation tank, the air floatation treatment system and the comprehensive treatment system are respectively communicated with the sludge concentration tank.
10. The electrolytic capacitor and electrode foil wastewater treatment system as set forth in claim 9, wherein: the comprehensive treatment system comprises an A/O treatment tank, a secondary sedimentation tank, a physicochemical reaction tank and a physicochemical sedimentation tank which are sequentially communicated through pipelines; the A/O treatment pool comprises an anoxic pool and an aerobic pool which are communicated; the aerobic tank is communicated with the secondary sedimentation tank; a nitrifying liquid reflux device is arranged between the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank; a sludge reflux device is arranged between the secondary sedimentation tank and the anoxic tank as well as the aerobic tank, and the secondary sedimentation tank is communicated with a sludge concentration tank; and the dephosphorization sedimentation tank, the air floatation treatment system, the secondary sedimentation tank and the materialization sedimentation tank are respectively provided with a sludge discharge pipe and a sludge discharge pump which are communicated with the sludge concentration tank.
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