CN111196663A - Biological treatment method and device for printing and dyeing wastewater - Google Patents
Biological treatment method and device for printing and dyeing wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
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- C02F2103/30—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the textile industry
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and discloses a biological treatment method and device for printing and dyeing wastewater. The invention adopts a biological treatment process with the core of 'anaerobic treatment, anoxic treatment, aerobic treatment and sedimentation' to treat the printing and dyeing wastewater; after high-concentration organic matters are biologically removed step by step, the filtered SS is discharged through a clean water tank after flocculation, decoloration and precipitation in a reaction tank, nitrogen and phosphorus removal, COD removal and chroma reduction can be synchronously performed, the problems that nitrogen and phosphorus in printing and dyeing wastewater are difficult to treat, chroma is difficult to degrade and the like are effectively solved, and the discharged water can reach the discharge standard. And biochemical sludge generated in the system operation can be automatically digested in the system, so that the sludge treatment cost is reduced, and only a small amount of materialized sludge is discharged for disposal. The system has the characteristics of low investment cost, simple management, stable operation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a biological treatment method and device for printing and dyeing wastewater.
Background
The printing and dyeing wastewater is a general name of wastewater discharged by various production links such as desizing, scouring, dyeing, bleaching, finishing and the like in the printing and dyeing process. The dyeing wastewater has complex and variable components and high COD, wherein the dyeing wastewater is the difficult point of treatment in the dyeing wastewater. According to incomplete investigation, the inorganic salt used in the dyeing process accounts for 40-70% of the dyeing production process, and the discharged dye accounts for more than 90%. The dyeing wastewater contains various organic dyes (such as disperse dyes, direct dyes, acid dyes, ice dyes, reactive dyes, vat dyes and the like), has extremely high chroma, and nitro and amino compounds and heavy metal elements such as chromium, zinc, arsenic and the like in the dye structure have larger biotoxicity and are difficult to degrade. Meanwhile, a large amount of soda ash, sodium chloride or anhydrous sodium sulphate (sodium sulfate) is required to be added as an accelerating agent and a leveling agent in the dyeing process, so that the salt content of the wastewater is very high, the salt content of the wastewater discharged from a common dye vat can reach 0.8-4%, and the biodegradability of the wastewater is seriously reduced. The dye is a typical substance difficult to be biochemically degraded in the dyeing process, and the high-concentration inorganic salt not only reduces the activity and degradation efficiency of microorganisms in the biochemical process, but also is very unfavorable for settling and separating the activated sludge in the biochemical process. The traditional dyeing wastewater process mixes dyeing wastewater with wastewater from other production links such as rinsing and the like, reduces the chromaticity and salt content of the wastewater by an indirect dilution method, and then carries out end treatment by a conventional biochemical-physicochemical treatment process. Even so, the chroma and COD are still the difficult points of the printing and dyeing wastewater reaching the standard. The difficult degradation of dyes and salts is an important reason for affecting the treatment efficiency of the tail end of the sewage.
The source control of pollutants is the key to environmental remediation. The high-concentration dyeing wastewater discharged from the dye vat in the dyeing process is a key source of the refractory substances in the dyeing wastewater. According to the clean production investigation, the inorganic salt discharged by the high-concentration dyeing wastewater accounts for 50-80% of the dyeing production process, and the discharged dye accounts for more than 90%. Inorganic salts and dyes are important reasons for the difficulty in biochemical treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater.
The evaporation technology is an effective technology for realizing zero discharge of wastewater, but the evaporation process belongs to a phase change process, the steam consumption or the power consumption is extremely high, and the operating cost is high. The cost is difficult to be accepted by enterprises if the printing and dyeing wastewater or the high-concentration wastewater of the dyeing ring section is directly evaporated. Therefore, how to adopt a new technology, reduce the evaporation water amount and reduce the operation cost of zero-discharge treatment of the wastewater is the key of practical application of zero-discharge dyeing wastewater.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a biological treatment method and a device for printing and dyeing wastewater, the method provided by the invention can synchronously carry out denitrification and dephosphorization and remove COD and chroma by carrying out step-by-step biological treatment on the printing and dyeing wastewater, and the effluent can reach the discharge standard; and the operation cost is low, and the operation management is simple.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a biological treatment method of printing and dyeing wastewater, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially carrying out anaerobic treatment and anoxic treatment on the printing and dyeing wastewater to be treated to obtain first effluent and sludge-water mixed liquor, and refluxing the sludge-water mixed liquor to the anaerobic treatment process;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the first effluent to be alkaline, carrying out aerobic treatment to obtain a second effluent and a nitrifying liquid, and refluxing the nitrifying liquid to the anoxic treatment process in the step (1);
(3) performing precipitation treatment on the second effluent in the step (2) to obtain third effluent and precipitated sludge, refluxing 150-300% of the precipitated sludge in a reflux ratio to the anaerobic treatment and anoxic treatment in the step (1) and the aerobic treatment in the step (2), and performing filter-pressing concentration treatment on the residual precipitated sludge;
(4) and sequentially carrying out flocculation decoloration and physical and chemical precipitation treatment on the third effluent, and filtering the effluent after the physical and chemical precipitation treatment to obtain effluent reaching the standard.
Preferably, the printing and dyeing waste to be treated in the step 1) further comprises grid pretreatment before anaerobic treatment.
Preferably, the temperature of the anaerobic treatment in the step 1) is 35-37 ℃, the pH value of the anaerobic treatment is 7.0-8.0, the hydraulic retention time of the anaerobic treatment is 48-50 h, and the sludge settlement ratio of the anaerobic treatment is 30-50%.
Preferably, the dissolved oxygen in the anoxic treatment process is less than or equal to 0.2mg/L, the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the anoxic treatment process is (4-5): 1, and the aeration rate of the anoxic treatment is 0.5-1.0 m3/(m2·h)。
Preferably, the reflux ratio of the mud-water mixed liquid reflux is 150 to 300 percent.
Preferably, the pH value of the first effluent in the step (2) is adjusted to 7.5-8.5; the reflux ratio of the nitrified liquid reflux is 330-450%.
Preferably, the dissolved oxygen of the aerobic treatment is 3-5 mg/L, and the aeration rate of the aerobic treatment is 5-6 m3/(m2H), the total hydraulic retention time of the aerobic treatment is 25-35 h, and the sludge settlement ratio of the aerobic treatment is 70-80%.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the precipitated sludge in the anaerobic treatment and the anoxic treatment in the step (1) and the aerobic treatment in the step (2) after the precipitated sludge flows back is 1 (0.9-1.1) to (7.5-8.5).
The invention also provides a biological treatment device for the dyeing wastewater, which comprises an anaerobic tower, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank, a secondary sedimentation tank, a reaction tank, a physicochemical sedimentation tank and a filtering tank which are sequentially communicated through pipelines;
a sludge-water mixed liquid reflux device is arranged between the anaerobic tower and the anoxic tank, and a nitrifying liquid reflux device is arranged between the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank; sludge reflux devices are respectively arranged among the secondary sedimentation tank, the anaerobic tower, the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank, and the secondary sedimentation tank, the physicochemical sedimentation tank and the sludge concentration tank are communicated.
Preferably, the anaerobic tower comprises an internal circulation system, the internal circulation system comprises a circulation pump, and the circulation pump is used for returning the wastewater before the water outlet of the anaerobic tower to the water distributor of the anaerobic tower;
the printing and dyeing wastewater biological treatment device is also provided with an adjusting tank in front of the anaerobic tower, and an anaerobic lifting pump is arranged between the adjusting tank and the anaerobic tower;
a liftable aerator is arranged in the aerobic tank;
the secondary sedimentation tank is a radial flow sedimentation tank; and a stirrer is arranged in the reaction tank.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device and the method for treating the printing and dyeing wastewater to reach the standard firstly remove floating materials and larger fibers from the printing and dyeing wastewater through a fine grid, then enter an adjusting tank, are homogenized in the adjusting tank, then enter an anaerobic tower, and then are discharged to reach the standard through the anaerobic tower, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank, a reaction tank, a physicochemical sedimentation tank and a filtering tank. The method can reduce COD in the printing and dyeing wastewater from 2000mg/L to below 60mg/L, the removal rate of the COD is above 95%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater is reduced from 30-50 mg/L to below 10mg/L, the removal rate of the ammonia nitrogen is above 75%, the SS in the wastewater is reduced from 500mg/L to below 50mg/L, and the chroma is reduced from 300 to below 40. The invention adopts a biological treatment process with the core of anaerobic treatment, anoxic treatment, aerobic treatment and precipitation treatment, can synchronously carry out denitrification and dephosphorization, remove COD and reduce chroma, effectively solves the problems of difficult treatment of nitrogen and phosphorus in the dyeing and printing wastewater, and the effluent can reach the direct discharge standard (namely COD is less than 60mg/L) in the table 2 in the discharge standard of pollutants for textile dyeing and finishing industrial water (GB 4287-; the method provided by the invention has the advantages of small sludge production in the whole process, capability of eliminating most of sludge in the system, effective reduction of investment and operation cost for sludge treatment, low operation cost, simple operation and management and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a biological treatment device for printing and dyeing wastewater in the invention, which comprises a regulating tank, an anaerobic tower, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank, a secondary sedimentation tank, a reaction tank, a physicochemical sedimentation tank, a filtration tank and a sludge tank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a biological treatment method of printing and dyeing wastewater, which comprises the following steps: (1) sequentially carrying out anaerobic treatment and anoxic treatment on printing and dyeing wastewater to be treated to obtain first effluent and sludge-water mixed liquor, and refluxing the sludge-water mixed liquor to the anaerobic treatment process; (2) adjusting the pH value of the first effluent to be alkaline, then carrying out aerobic treatment to obtain second effluent and nitrified liquid, and refluxing the nitrified liquid to the anoxic treatment process in the step (1); (3) performing precipitation treatment on the second effluent in the step (2) to obtain third effluent and precipitated sludge, refluxing the precipitated sludge to the anaerobic treatment and the anoxic treatment in the step (1) and the aerobic treatment in the step (2) according to the reflux ratio of 150-300%, and performing filter-pressing concentration treatment on the residual precipitated sludge; (4) and (3) sequentially carrying out flocculation decoloration and physical and chemical precipitation treatment on the third effluent, and filtering the effluent after the physical and chemical precipitation treatment to obtain effluent reaching the standard.
The type or source of the printing and dyeing wastewater to be treated is not particularly limited, and the printing and dyeing wastewater to be treated can be any. In the embodiment of the invention, the printing and dyeing wastewater of a printing and dyeing mill is treated, wherein the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of the printing and dyeing wastewater is less than or equal to 2000mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration (NH)3N is less than or equal to 40mg/L, total nitrogen concentration (TN) is less than or equal to 50mg/L, total phosphorus concentration (TP) is less than or equal to 6mg/L, chroma is less than or equal to 300, and SS is less than or equal to 500 mg/L.
Before the anaerobic treatment, the dyeing wastewater to be treated is preferably subjected to grid pretreatment. The method for pretreating the grating is not particularly limited, and the conventional grating pretreatment method in the field can be adopted.
In the invention, the printing and dyeing wastewater to be treated is sequentially subjected to anaerobic treatment. In the invention, the temperature of the anaerobic treatment is preferably 35-37 ℃, the pH value of the anaerobic treatment is preferably 7.0-8.0, and the Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of the anaerobic treatment is preferably 48-50 h, and more preferably 48 h. In the invention, the sludge settlement ratio (SV30) of the anaerobic treatment is preferably 30-50%; the invention preferably controls the sludge sedimentation ratio of anaerobic treatment within the range, and simultaneously cooperates with the sludge sedimentation ratio in the subsequent anoxic treatment and aerobic treatment processes, thereby being beneficial to ensuring that ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the dyeing wastewater are fully removed.
After the anaerobic treatment is finished, the obtained water is subjected to anoxic treatment. In the invention, the Dissolved Oxygen (DO) of the anoxic treatment is preferably less than or equal to 0.2mg/L, and more preferably 0.05-0.15 mg/L; the carbon-nitrogen ratio (abbreviated as C/N, specifically the mass ratio of COD to ammonia nitrogen) of the anoxic treatment is preferably (4-5): 1, more preferably 4.5:1, and the invention can meet the requirement of denitrifying bacteria on a carbon source under an anoxic condition by preferably controlling the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the system, thereby improving the denitrification efficiency. According to the invention, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is preferably met by adding a carbon source, in the invention, the carbon source preferably comprises glucose or sodium acetate, the adding amount is preferably enough to meet the requirement of the carbon-nitrogen ratio, and specifically, 0.8g of glucose or 1.0kg of sodium acetate can be added according to per cubic meter of dyeing wastewater. In the invention, the hydraulic retention time is preferably 9-20 h, and more preferably 14 h. In the invention, the sludge sedimentation ratio (SV30) of the anoxic treatment is preferably 80-90%; the invention preferably controls the sludge sedimentation ratio of the anoxic treatment within the range, and simultaneously cooperates with the sludge sedimentation ratio in the anaerobic treatment and the subsequent aerobic treatment, thereby being beneficial to ensuring that ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the printing and dyeing wastewater are fully removed.
The invention preferably reflows the muddy water mixed solution to the anaerobic treatment process according to the reflow ratio of 150-300%. The invention preferably controls the reflux ratio of the sludge-water mixed liquid within the range, which is beneficial to reducing the operation load of the subsequent aerobic treatment and further influencing the nitrification in the aerobic treatment stage.
The anaerobic treatment and the anoxic treatment are preferably carried out under the conditions, so that heterotrophic bacteria cultured by the anaerobic treatment and the anoxic treatment can fully hydrolyze suspended matters and soluble organic matters in the printing and dyeing wastewater into organic acid, macromolecular organic matters are decomposed into micromolecular organic matters, and insoluble organic matters are converted into soluble organic matters, so that the subsequent anoxic and aerobic treatment is facilitated.
After the anoxic treatment, the pH value of the first effluent is adjusted to be alkaline, aerobic treatment is carried out to obtain second effluent and nitrified liquid, and the nitrified liquid is refluxed to the anoxic treatment process. In the invention, the pH value of the second effluent is preferably adjusted to 7.5-8.5. The invention preferably adjusts the pH value of the first effluent by adding an alkaline reagent into the first effluent, and the invention has no special limitation on the type of the alkaline reagent, and can ensure that the pH value of the first effluent is in a required range, specifically, NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 20%. The pH value of the first effluent is adjusted to be alkaline, so that the requirement of autotrophic bacteria nitrification on alkalinity under the subsequent oxygen supply condition can be met.
In the invention, the dissolved oxygen of the aerobic treatment is preferably 3-5 mg/L, and more preferably 4 mg/L; the aeration rate of the aerobic treatment is preferably 5-6 m3/(m2H). In the present invention, the total hydraulic retention time of the aerobic treatment is preferably 30 h. In the present invention, the sludge sedimentation ratio (SV30) of the aerobic treatment is preferably 70% to 80%.
In the present invention, the reflux ratio of the nitrified liquid obtained after the aerobic treatment is preferably 330 to 450%, more preferably 350 to 400%. The invention preferably reflows the nitrified liquid to the anoxic treatment process under the condition of the reflow ratio, which is favorable for meeting the requirement of the denitrification of the heterotrophic bacteria on NO under the anoxic condition3And to reduce energy consumption. If the reflux ratio of the nitrifying liquid is too low or too high, the denitrification effect in the anoxic treatment stage is not fully ensured, so that the removal rate of nitrogen in the final effluent is low; the reflux ratio of the nitrifying liquid is too high, so that the hydraulic retention time in the anoxic treatment stage is shortened, and the effluent quality is influenced.
In the present invention, after the anaerobic treatment, the dyeing wastewater has high biodegradability in the anoxic treatment stage and the aerobic treatment stage, and in the anoxic treatment stage, heterotrophic bacteria ammoniate (nitrogen in the organic chain or amino group in amino acid) contaminants such as protein and fat to release ammonia (NH)4 +) Then is filled in an aerobic treatment stageUnder the condition of sufficient oxygen supply, NH is nitrified by autotrophic bacteria3-N(NH4 +) Oxidation to NO3 -(ii) a The nitrification liquid flows back to the anoxic treatment process, and NO is treated by the denitrification of the heterotrophic bacteria under the anoxic condition3Reduction to molecular nitrogen (N)2) And the ecological cycle of C, N and O is completed, and the harmless and standard treatment of the printing and dyeing wastewater is realized. In the invention, most of organic matters are degraded after the printing and dyeing wastewater is subjected to the anoxic and aerobic treatment. In the invention, after the anoxic and aerobic treatment, the chemical oxygen demand of the obtained second effluent is less than 150mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is less than 10mg/L, and the total nitrogen concentration is less than 15 mg/L.
In the invention, after the aerobic treatment, the second effluent is subjected to precipitation treatment to obtain a third effluent and precipitated sludge, the precipitated sludge is refluxed to the anaerobic treatment and the anoxic treatment in the step (1) and the aerobic treatment in the step (2) according to the reflux ratio of 150-300%, and the residual precipitated sludge is subjected to filter-pressing concentration treatment. In the invention, the sedimentation treatment mainly realizes sludge-water separation, so that the effluent is clearer and the sludge loss is avoided. The present invention is not particularly limited with respect to specific operating conditions for the precipitation treatment, and those known to those skilled in the art may be used. In the invention, the volume ratio of the precipitated sludge in the processes of the anaerobic treatment, the anoxic treatment and the aerobic treatment after the precipitated sludge flows back is preferably 1 (0.9-1.1) to (7.5-8.5), and more preferably 1:1: 8. The invention preferably adopts the treatment, which is favorable for greatly reducing the excess sludge and is convenient for the subsequent filter pressing concentration treatment. In the invention, after the precipitation treatment, 2-5% of the total amount of the obtained precipitated sludge is preferably used as residual sludge for subsequent filter pressing concentration treatment.
In the invention, the filter-pressing concentration treatment specifically comprises the step of carrying out filter pressing on the precipitated sludge by adopting a plate-and-frame filter press. The specific operation mode of the filter-pressing concentration treatment is not particularly limited in the invention, and a mode known by a person skilled in the art can be adopted. After the filter pressing concentration treatment is finished, the water content of the obtained concentrated sludge is about 70%; in the present invention, the concentrated sludge may be further disposed of specifically as general solid waste.
According to the invention, a third effluent is obtained after the precipitation treatment, and the third effluent is subjected to flocculation treatment and physical and chemical precipitation treatment in sequence to obtain effluent reaching the standard. Preferably, flocculating agent and coagulant are added into the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank to carry out flocculation treatment, and sodium hypochlorite is added to remove chromaticity; the flocculant and the coagulant are not particularly limited in the invention, and reagents well known to those skilled in the art can be used, and in the examples of the invention, polyaluminum chloride (PAC) flocculant and anionic Polyacrylamide (PAM) coagulant are specifically used, wherein Al in the PAC flocculant is2O3The content is preferably 24%, and the molecular weight of the PAM coagulant is preferably 1200 ten thousand; wherein the dosage of the PAC flocculating agent is preferably 0.5-1.0 kg and the dosage of the PAM flocculating agent is preferably 0.005-0.010 kg in terms of the third effluent per cubic meter. According to the invention, through the flocculation and decoloration treatment, suspended matters (SS) of the third effluent are removed and the chromaticity is reduced, so that the chromaticity of the treated sewage is below 40 times.
In the invention, the physical and chemical precipitation treatment mainly realizes mud-water separation, so that the effluent is clearer and the sludge loss is avoided. In the present invention, the specific operating conditions for the physical precipitation treatment are not particularly limited, and those known to those skilled in the art may be used. In the invention, after physical precipitation treatment and subsequent filtration in a filter tank, the obtained effluent reaches the discharge standard and can be directly discharged. In the invention, the materialized precipitated sludge is obtained after the materialized precipitated treatment, and the materialized precipitated sludge is preferably subjected to filter pressing concentration treatment; the filter-pressing concentration treatment is not particularly limited, and the filter-pressing concentration treatment can be performed by referring to the method for performing filter-pressing concentration treatment on the precipitated sludge. In the invention, after the materialized precipitated sludge is subjected to filter pressing concentration treatment, the obtained concentrated sludge has the water content of about 70 percent and can be further treated as common solid waste (about 0.5 ton of concentrated sludge is obtained after the generated materialized precipitated sludge is subjected to filter pressing concentration treatment after 1000 tons of dyeing wastewater is treated, and the investment and the operating cost of sludge treatment are effectively reduced).
In the invention, the concentration of the sludge subjected to anaerobic treatment, anoxic treatment and aerobic treatment is controlled within a proper range, so that the effective denitrification of the printing and dyeing wastewater is ensured, specifically, the sludge settlement ratio (SV30) of the anaerobic treatment is 30-50%, the sludge settlement ratio (SV30) of the anoxic treatment is 80-90%, the sludge settlement ratio of the aerobic treatment is 70-80%, the ammonia nitrogen and the total nitrogen in the effluent obtained after the physicochemical precipitation treatment are respectively reduced to be below 10mg/L and below 15mg/L, and the discharge standard is met;
in the invention, in order to ensure that the sludge concentration of anaerobic treatment, anoxic treatment and aerobic treatment is in a proper range, activated sludge of a sludge concentration tank of an urban sewage treatment plant is preferably adopted when a system is started, so that the sludge in the starting period meets the sludge concentration requirement; the present invention is not limited to the specific operation of the related steps, and can be realized by adopting the methods known to those skilled in the art.
The invention also provides a biological treatment device for the dyeing wastewater, which comprises an anaerobic tower, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank, a secondary sedimentation tank, a reaction tank, a physicochemical sedimentation tank and a filtering tank which are sequentially communicated through pipelines;
a sludge-water mixed liquid reflux device is arranged between the anaerobic tower and the anoxic tank, and a nitrifying liquid reflux device is arranged between the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank; sludge reflux devices are respectively arranged among the secondary sedimentation tank, the anaerobic tower, the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank, and the secondary sedimentation tank, the physicochemical sedimentation tank and the sludge concentration tank are communicated.
In the invention, the anaerobic tower preferably comprises an internal circulation system, the internal circulation system comprises a circulation pump (a pipeline pump or a centrifugal pump is selected), and the circulation pump is used for refluxing the wastewater before the water outlet of the anaerobic tower to the water distributor of the anaerobic tower. The specific structure of the anaerobic tower is not particularly limited, and the anaerobic tower which is conventional in the field can be adopted.
In the invention, the printing and dyeing wastewater biological treatment device is preferably provided with an adjusting tank in front of the anaerobic tower, and an anaerobic lift pump is arranged between the adjusting tank and the anaerobic tower; the effluent of the regulating tank is pumped into an anaerobic tower under the action of the anaerobic lifting pump; the anaerobic lift pump is preferably a stainless steel delivery pump, and the overflowing part of the stainless steel delivery pump is made of 304 stainless steel materials and is corrosion-resistant.
In the invention, a lifting aerator is preferably arranged in the aerobic tank; the structure of the liftable aerator is not particularly limited, and the liftable aerator which is conventional in the field can be adopted; preferably, 4 sets of liftable aerators with diameter phi 67mm and length 750mm are adopted.
In the invention, the secondary sedimentation tank is preferably a radial flow sedimentation tank; the reaction tank is preferably provided with a stirrer.
In the present invention, the shape, size, etc. of each treatment tank in the biological treatment apparatus for textile printing wastewater are not particularly limited, and it is sufficient to ensure that the corresponding treatment process is smoothly performed depending on the amount of water treated.
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The printing and dyeing wastewater of a certain printing and dyeing factory is used as the printing and dyeing wastewater to be treated for treatment, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of the printing and dyeing wastewater of the factory is 2000mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration (NH)3-N) is 40mg/L, total nitrogen concentration (TN) is 50mg/L, chroma is 300 times, SS is 500mg/L, pH is 6-8.
S1: the wastewater is collected and automatically flows into an adjusting tank to adjust the water quality and the water quantity;
s2: lifting the effluent of the regulating tank into an anaerobic tower through an anaerobic lifting pump (specifically a stainless steel delivery pump) for anaerobic treatment; wherein the temperature of anaerobic treatment is controlled to be 35-37 ℃, the pH value is controlled to be 7.0-8.0, the hydraulic retention time is 2 days, the sludge settlement ratio (SV30) is 30-50%, and the hydraulic load is 0.9-1.0 kgCOD/(m 3. d);
s3, enabling the effluent of the anaerobic tower to automatically flow into an anoxic tank, controlling the backflow ratio of sludge-water mixed liquor in the anoxic tank to be 150-300%, refluxing the sludge-water mixed liquor to the anaerobic treatment process, adding glucose into a water inlet of the anoxic tank to enable the carbon-nitrogen ratio of a system in the anoxic tank to be 5:1, and performing anoxic treatment; wherein the dissolved oxygen of the anoxic treatment is less than or equal to 0.2mg/L, the hydraulic retention time is 14h, and the sludge sedimentation ratio (SV30) is 80-90%.
S4: automatically flowing the effluent (second effluent) of the anoxic tank into an aerobic tank, adding an alkali reagent (NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 20%) at the water inlet of the aerobic tank, controlling the pH value of the system to be 7.5-8.5, and carrying out aerobic treatment; the dissolved oxygen in the aerobic treatment stage is 3-5 mg/L, and the aeration amount is 5-6 m3/(m2H), the sludge settlement ratio (SV30) is 70-80 percent; meanwhile, refluxing the nitrified liquid generated by the aerobic tank to the anoxic tank according to the reflux ratio of 350-400%;
s5: automatically flowing the effluent (third effluent) of the aerobic tank to a secondary sedimentation tank for sedimentation treatment, and partially refluxing the obtained precipitated sludge to the anaerobic tank, the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank; discharging the residual precipitated sludge into a sludge concentration tank, performing filter-pressing concentration treatment on the residual precipitated sludge by adopting a plate-and-frame filter press until the water content of the obtained concentrated sludge is about 70%, and then transporting the concentrated sludge out for disposal as common solid waste;
s6: automatically flowing the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank to a reaction tank, and adding a PAC flocculating agent (Al) at the water inlet of the reaction tank2O3The content is 24 percent), a PAM coagulant (the molecular weight is 1200 ten thousand) and sodium hypochlorite are subjected to flocculation treatment; wherein the dosage of the PAC flocculating agent is 1.0kg and the dosage of the PAM coagulating agent is 0.010kg based on the third effluent per cubic meter; the amount of sodium hypochlorite added was 0.5 kg.
S7: enabling the effluent of the reaction tank to flow into a physical and chemical precipitation tank for physical and chemical precipitation treatment to obtain physical and chemical precipitation sludge and final effluent; discharging the materialized precipitated sludge into a sludge concentration tank, performing filter pressing on the materialized precipitated sludge by adopting a plate-and-frame filter press until the water content of the obtained concentrated sludge is about 70%, and then transporting the obtained concentrated sludge out for disposal as common solid waste; and the final effluent overflows to a clean water pool and is discharged through a discharge port of the clean water pool.
In the embodiment, COD of the dyeing wastewater treated by the anoxic and aerobic treatment tank is less than 150 mg/L; the ammonia nitrogen concentration is less than 10 mg/L; the total nitrogen concentration is less than 15 mg/L;
the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 prediction table of removal rate of dyeing wastewater treatment (except pH and chroma, other units are mg/L)
After flocculation treatment, Suspended Substances (SS) in the printing and dyeing wastewater are removed, the chromaticity is reduced, COD (chemical oxygen demand) in final effluent obtained after physical and chemical precipitation treatment is less than 60mg/L, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is less than 10mg/L, and the total nitrogen concentration is less than 15mg/L, so that the final effluent reaches the direct discharge standard (namely COD is less than 60mg/L) in Table 2 in the discharge Standard of pollutants for textile dyeing and finishing industry (GB4287-2012), and can be directly discharged.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A biological treatment method of printing and dyeing wastewater comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially carrying out anaerobic treatment and anoxic treatment on the printing and dyeing wastewater to be treated to obtain first effluent and muddy water mixed liquor, and refluxing the muddy water mixed liquor to the anaerobic treatment process;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the first effluent to be alkaline, then carrying out aerobic treatment to obtain second effluent and nitrified liquid, and refluxing the nitrified liquid to the anoxic treatment process in the step (1);
(3) performing precipitation treatment on the second effluent in the step (2) to obtain third effluent and precipitated sludge, refluxing 150-300% of the precipitated sludge in a reflux ratio to the anaerobic treatment and anoxic treatment in the step (1) and the aerobic treatment in the step (2), and performing filter-pressing concentration treatment on the residual precipitated sludge;
(4) and sequentially carrying out flocculation decoloration and physical and chemical precipitation treatment on the third effluent, and filtering SS (suspended solid) on the effluent after the physical and chemical precipitation treatment to obtain effluent reaching the standard.
2. The biological treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dyeing wastewater to be treated in the step 1) further comprises a grating pretreatment before the anaerobic treatment.
3. The biological treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the anaerobic treatment in the step 1) is 35-37 ℃, the pH value of the anaerobic treatment is 7.0-8.0, the hydraulic retention time of the anaerobic treatment is 48-50 h, and the sludge settlement ratio of the anaerobic treatment is 30-50%.
4. The biological treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the dissolved oxygen in the anoxic treatment process is 0.2mg/L or less, the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the anoxic treatment process is (4-5): 1, and the aeration rate in the anoxic treatment process is 0.5-1.0 m3/(m2·h)。
5. The biological treatment method according to claim 1, wherein a reflux ratio of the muddy water mixed liquor reflux is 150% to 300%.
6. The treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the pH value of the first effluent in the step (2) is adjusted to 7.5-8.5; the reflux ratio of the nitrified liquid reflux is 330-450%.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the dissolved oxygen in the aerobic treatment is 3 to 5mg/L, and the aeration rate in the aerobic treatment is 5 to 6m3/(m2H), the total hydraulic retention time of the aerobic treatment is 25-35 h, and the sludge settlement ratio of the aerobic treatment is 70-80%.
8. The treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the precipitated sludge in the anaerobic treatment, the anoxic treatment and the aerobic treatment in the step (1) is 1 (0.9-1.1) to 7.5-8.5.
9. A biological treatment device for printing and dyeing wastewater is characterized by comprising an anaerobic tower, an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank, a secondary sedimentation tank, a reaction tank, a physicochemical sedimentation tank and a filter tank which are sequentially communicated through pipelines;
a sludge-water mixed liquid reflux device is arranged between the anaerobic tower and the anoxic tank, and a nitrifying liquid reflux device is arranged between the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank; and sludge reflux devices are respectively arranged among the secondary sedimentation tank, the anaerobic tower, the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank, and the secondary sedimentation tank, the physicochemical sedimentation tank and the sludge concentration tank are communicated.
10. The biological treatment device for the printing and dyeing wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that the anaerobic tower comprises an internal circulation system, and the internal circulation system comprises a circulation pump, and the circulation pump is used for returning the wastewater before the effluent of the anaerobic tower to a water distributor of the anaerobic tower;
the printing and dyeing wastewater biological treatment device is also provided with an adjusting tank in front of the anaerobic tower, and an anaerobic lifting pump is arranged between the adjusting tank and the anaerobic tower;
a liftable aerator is arranged in the aerobic tank;
the secondary sedimentation tank is a radial flow sedimentation tank; and a stirrer is arranged in the reaction tank.
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