CN111940889A - Friction stir welding tool head for realizing high-dynamic high-precision measurement of welding interface temperature and friction stir welding device - Google Patents
Friction stir welding tool head for realizing high-dynamic high-precision measurement of welding interface temperature and friction stir welding device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111940889A CN111940889A CN202010597883.4A CN202010597883A CN111940889A CN 111940889 A CN111940889 A CN 111940889A CN 202010597883 A CN202010597883 A CN 202010597883A CN 111940889 A CN111940889 A CN 111940889A
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- temperature
- tool head
- friction stir
- stir welding
- welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a friction stir welding tool head for realizing high-dynamic high-precision measurement of welding interface temperature, which comprises a tool head body consisting of a clamping area, a transition area and a shaft shoulder, wherein a detachable stirring pin is arranged on the end surface of the shaft shoulder, a plurality of array thin-film thermocouples are uniformly distributed on the peripheral surface of the stirring pin and the end surface of the shaft shoulder, and n x n thin-film thermocouples are distributed in the array thin-film thermocouples; the transition area is embedded with a temperature measurement and wireless communication integrated device, the array film thermocouple is electrically connected with the temperature measurement and wireless communication integrated device through a compensation lead, and the temperature measurement and wireless communication integrated device is electrically connected and used for converting the transmitted electric signals into temperature signals and transmitting the temperature signals in a wireless mode. The invention also discloses a friction stir welding device comprising the tool head. The friction stir welding tool head disclosed by the invention can realize high-dynamic high-precision measurement of the temperature of a welding interface, and has the advantages of high real-time performance, non-destructive performance and long service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding equipment, in particular to a friction stir welding tool head for realizing high-dynamic high-precision measurement of welding interface temperature and a friction stir welding device comprising the welding tool head.
Background
With the rapid development of industries such as new energy automobiles, aerospace and the like, higher requirements are provided for a green connection technology of high-performance materials, a friction stir welding technology is an effective means for realizing the connection of the high-performance materials, and the temperature of a welding interface directly influences the fluidity of the welding materials and the final quality of a welding joint in the friction stir welding process, so that how to obtain the temperature distribution of the welding interface through real-time in-situ measurement is the key for ensuring the quality of the welding joint. At present, a mode of embedding a thermocouple in a material is generally adopted to indirectly measure the temperature of a welding area, on one hand, the mode can only realize the instantaneous temperature measurement of a single point, and on the other hand, due to the hysteresis of the thermocouple, a real-time temperature value cannot be obtained, and the real-time distribution of a temperature field cannot be obtained. The dynamic measurement of the temperature is realized by installing a common thermocouple on a welding head, and the dynamic measurement has the main problems that the structure of a cutter is damaged, the thermocouple is worn away along with the welding process, and the temperature measurement cannot be performed on the whole welding process for a long time.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a friction stir welding tool head for realizing in-situ real-time temperature measurement of a welding region, aiming at the problems that in the friction stir welding process, non-real-time measurement, non-in-situ measurement, and temperature measurement structures in the prior art are easy to damage while influencing the welding process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a friction stir welding tool head which can realize high-dynamic high-precision measurement of welding interface temperature and has the advantages of high real-time performance, non-destructive performance and long service life.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a friction stir welding tool head for realizing high-dynamic high-precision measurement of welding interface temperature, which comprises a tool head body consisting of a clamping area, a transition area and a shaft shoulder, wherein a detachable stirring pin is arranged on the end surface of the shaft shoulder, a plurality of array thin-film thermocouples are uniformly distributed on the peripheral surface of the stirring pin and the end surface of the shaft shoulder, and n x n (n is a positive integer) thin-film thermocouples are distributed in the array thin-film thermocouples; the temperature measurement and wireless communication integrated device is embedded in the transition area, the array thin-film thermocouple is electrically connected with the temperature measurement and wireless communication integrated device through a compensation lead, and the temperature measurement and wireless communication integrated device is electrically connected and used for converting transmitted electric signals into temperature signals and transmitting the temperature signals in a wireless mode.
Furthermore, the film thermocouple is composed of a NiCr film, a NiSi film, a hot junction, conductive silver adhesive, protective adhesive and a wire, wherein the NiCr film, the NiSi film, the hot junction, the conductive silver adhesive and the protective adhesive form a closed loop.
Furthermore, an axial hole is formed in the end face of the shaft shoulder, and the stirring pin is partially inserted into the axial hole; the outer peripheral surface of the shaft shoulder is provided with a radial hole, and the stirring needle is fixed through a set screw inserted in the radial hole.
Furthermore, the part of the stirring pin inserted into the axial hole is of a cuboid structure, the exposed part is of a circular truncated cone shape, three uniformly distributed flat sections are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the circular truncated cone, and the array thin film thermocouple is arranged on the flat sections.
Further, three array thin-film thermocouples are equidistantly arranged on the flat section of the stirring pin along the height direction, and 9 flat sections are arranged; 3 array film thermocouples are arranged on the end face of the shaft shoulder along the radial direction at equal intervals, and are repeated once every 90 degrees, and 12 thermocouples are arranged in total.
Furthermore, the compensating lead is attached to the plane part of the stirring pin inserted into the axial hole and extends into the transition region to be electrically connected with the temperature measurement and wireless communication integrated device.
Further, the surface of the stirring pin, which is in contact with the workpiece, and the end face of the shaft shoulder are coated.
Further, the coating is a Ti-Al-N coating or a Cr-Al-N coating.
The temperature measuring and wireless communication integrated device comprises a temperature measuring and wireless communication integrated device, and is characterized by further comprising a coordinator and a computer, wherein the coordinator receives a temperature signal transmitted by the temperature measuring and wireless communication integrated device in a wireless transmission mode and transmits the received temperature signal to the computer in a serial port transmission mode.
The second aspect of the present invention also provides a friction stir welding apparatus comprising the tool bit of the first aspect.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the tool head for friction stir welding, the film thermocouple is arranged on the tool head and serves as a temperature measuring element, compared with the traditional thermocouple, the tool head has the advantages of small size, small heat capacity, high response speed and the like, meanwhile, aiming at the problem that the film thermocouple only has a single hot junction, the design of the array film thermocouple is adopted, and n x n hot junctions are designed according to needs, so that the real-time two-dimensional temperature field distribution of a welding interface can be obtained; secondly, the temperature measurement and wireless communication integrated device is embedded in a transition region of the tool head, so that the influence on a shaft shoulder is small, and the damage to the whole welding tool is small; thirdly, the temperature signal is output in a wireless transmission mode, so that the problem that the temperature information of the welding interface is difficult to transmit in a wired mode under the high-speed rotation of the welding tool is solved; finally, the coating technology can effectively prevent the welding tool from being worn and losing efficacy during welding, and the service life of the welding tool head is prolonged.
2. The friction stir welding tool head provided by the invention can accurately obtain a temperature measurement signal in real time in the welding process, and improves the welding quality through feedback regulation and optimization of process parameters; meanwhile, the design scheme of the stirring tool head can be optimized through temperature field measurement feedback, and the design quality of the stirring tool head is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a friction stir welding tool head of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a thin film thermocouple in a friction stir welding tool head according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an array of thin film thermocouples in a friction stir welding tool head according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a wireless transmission system in a friction stir welding tool head according to the present invention;
description of the reference symbols in the drawings: 1. a NiCr film; 2. a NiSi thin film; 3. hot junction; 4. conductive silver adhesive and protective adhesive; 5. a wire; 6. a stirring pin; 7. a shaft shoulder; 8. a transition zone; 9. a clamping area; 10. tightening the screw; 11. a temperature measurement and wireless communication integrated device; 12. an array thin film thermocouple; 13. a compensation wire; 14. a film thermocouple temperature measuring cutter; 15. a temperature measuring functional bottom plate; 16. a coordinator; 17. a PC machine.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As described in the background art, the conventional temperature measuring device with the friction stir welding tool head generally has the technical problems of destructiveness, poor real-time performance, short measuring service life and the like. In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a friction stir welding tool head for realizing high-dynamic high-precision measurement of welding interface temperature.
Referring to fig. 1, the bonding tool head includes a tool head body comprising a clamping region 9, a transition region 8, and a shoulder 7.
The end face of the shaft shoulder 7 is provided with a detachable stirring pin 6 which is mainly used for the flow of the welded materials. Preferably, an axial hole is opened on the end face of the shaft shoulder 7, and the stirring pin 6 is partially inserted into the axial hole. The outer peripheral surface of the shaft shoulder 7 is provided with a radial hole, and the stirring pin 6 is fixed by a set screw 10 inserted in the radial hole. In this embodiment, the portion of the pin 6 inserted into the axial hole is a rectangular parallelepiped, the exposed portion is a circular truncated cone, and three flat sections are uniformly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the circular truncated cone. During welding, the three flat sections can better promote the flowing of materials, and the welding effect is favorably improved.
A plurality of array film thermocouples 12 are uniformly distributed on the peripheral surface of the stirring pin 6 and the end surface of the shaft shoulder 7, are fixed on the stirring pin 6 and the shaft shoulder 7 in a vapor deposition mode, and are used for measuring the temperature of a welding surface in real time. In this embodiment, three array thin-film thermocouples 12 are equidistantly arranged on the flat section of the stirring pin 6 along the height direction, and 9 flat sections are arranged; 3 array thin-film thermocouples 12 are arranged on the end face of the shaft shoulder 7 along the radial direction at equal intervals, and are repeated once every 90 degrees, and 12 thermocouples are arranged in total.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a thin film thermocouple configuration. The film thermocouple is composed of a NiCr film 1, a NiSi film 2, a hot junction 3, conductive silver adhesive, protective adhesive 4 and a lead 5, wherein the NiCr film 1, the NiSi film 2, the hot junction 3, the conductive silver adhesive and the protective adhesive 4 form a closed loop. The temperature measurement principle is based on the seebeck effect, namely, a closed loop is formed by conductors made of two different materials, and when the temperatures of two contact points are different, current can pass through the closed loop. The electric potential difference is generated by the current, and the high dynamic high-precision measurement of the temperature of the welding interface can be realized by converting the electric signal into a temperature signal and transmitting the temperature signal to the PC terminal.
Referring to fig. 3, n × n (n is a positive integer) thin film thermocouples are arranged in the array thin film thermocouple 12, an electric signal generated by each hot junction 3 is converted into a temperature signal and wirelessly transmitted to a PC, and the temperature signal is stored by a designed software, so that two-dimensional temperature field distribution of a welding interface can be obtained.
The transition region 8 is embedded with a temperature measurement and wireless communication integrated device 11, the array thin film thermocouple 12 is electrically connected with the temperature measurement and wireless communication integrated device 11 through a compensation lead 13, and the temperature measurement and wireless communication integrated device 11 is used for converting the transmitted electric signals into temperature signals and transmitting the temperature signals in a wireless mode. For a better arrangement of the compensation conductor 13, the compensation conductor 13 preferably engages with the planar portion of the pin 6 inserted into the axial bore and extends into the transition region 8 and is electrically connected to the integrated thermometry and wireless communication device 11. Preferably, the surface of the pin 6 that contacts the workpiece and the end surface of the shoulder 7 are coated with a coating, including but not limited to a Ti-Al-N coating and a Cr-Al-N coating. Through coating treatment, the failure of the array film thermocouple 12 due to abrasion during welding can be prevented, and the shaft shoulder 7 and the stirring pin 6 are protected, so that the strength and the wear resistance of the array film thermocouple are improved.
The bonding tool head of the present invention also includes a wireless transmission system. Referring to fig. 4, the wireless transmission system includes a temperature measurement function board 15 (i.e., the integrated temperature measurement and wireless communication device 11), a coordinator 16, and a PC 17 (host computer), wherein the temperature measurement function board 15 is embedded and fixed in the transition area 8 rotating at a high speed, and a wireless transmission module is mounted thereon. The temperature measuring function bottom plate 15 performs analog-to-digital conversion on the output thermoelectric force and sends the converted thermoelectric force to the coordinator 16 point to point, so that the acquisition and wireless transmission of the temperature of the welding interface are realized. The coordinator 16 transmits the wirelessly received temperature signal to the PC 17 through a serial port transmission mode, and displays the welding interface temperature value in a real-time digital and dynamic change curve form, thereby realizing the storage of the welding interface temperature.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A friction stir welding tool head for realizing high-dynamic high-precision measurement of welding interface temperature is characterized by comprising a tool head body consisting of a clamping area, a transition area and a shaft shoulder, wherein a detachable stirring pin is arranged on the end surface of the shaft shoulder, a plurality of array thin-film thermocouples are uniformly distributed on the peripheral surface of the stirring pin and the end surface of the shaft shoulder, and n x n (n is a positive integer) thin-film thermocouples are distributed in the array thin-film thermocouples; the temperature measurement and wireless communication integrated device is embedded in the transition area, the array thin-film thermocouple is electrically connected with the temperature measurement and wireless communication integrated device through a compensation lead, and the temperature measurement and wireless communication integrated device is electrically connected and used for converting transmitted electric signals into temperature signals and transmitting the temperature signals in a wireless mode.
2. The tool head of claim 1, wherein the thin film thermocouple comprises NiCr thin film, NiSi thin film, hot junction, conductive silver paste, protective paste, and wires, wherein the NiCr thin film, NiSi thin film, hot junction, conductive silver paste, and protective paste form a closed loop.
3. The tool head for friction stir welding with high dynamic and high precision measurement of temperature at the welding interface according to claim 1, wherein an axial hole is opened on the end face of the shaft shoulder, and the stirring pin is partially inserted into the axial hole; the outer peripheral surface of the shaft shoulder is provided with a radial hole, and the stirring needle is fixed through a set screw inserted in the radial hole.
4. The friction stir welding tool head of claim 3, wherein the portion of the stir pin inserted into the axial hole has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the exposed portion has a circular truncated cone shape, three uniformly distributed flat cross sections are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the circular truncated cone, and the array thin film thermocouples are disposed on the flat cross sections.
5. The tool head for friction stir welding with high dynamic and high precision measurement of temperature at the welding interface of claim 4, wherein three thin film thermocouples are equidistantly arranged along the height direction on the flat section of the stirring pin, and 9 flat sections are arranged; 3 array film thermocouples are arranged on the end face of the shaft shoulder along the radial direction at equal intervals, and are repeated once every 90 degrees, and 12 thermocouples are arranged in total.
6. The tool head of claim 1, wherein the compensation wire is attached to a planar portion of the pin inserted into the axial hole and extends into the transition region, and is electrically connected to the integrated thermometry and wireless communication device.
7. The tool head of claim 1 wherein the surface of the pin that contacts the workpiece and the end face of the shoulder are coated with a coating.
8. The friction stir welding tool head for achieving high dynamic and high accuracy measurement of weld interface temperature of claim 7 wherein the coating is a Ti-Al-N coating or a Cr-Al-N coating.
9. The tool head for friction stir welding with high dynamic and high precision measurement of temperature of welding interface according to claim 1, further comprising a coordinator and a computer, wherein the coordinator receives the temperature signal transmitted from the integrated device for temperature measurement and wireless communication by wireless transmission, and transmits the received temperature signal to the computer by serial port transmission.
10. A friction stir welding apparatus comprising the tool bit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010597883.4A CN111940889A (en) | 2020-06-28 | 2020-06-28 | Friction stir welding tool head for realizing high-dynamic high-precision measurement of welding interface temperature and friction stir welding device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010597883.4A CN111940889A (en) | 2020-06-28 | 2020-06-28 | Friction stir welding tool head for realizing high-dynamic high-precision measurement of welding interface temperature and friction stir welding device |
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| CN111940889A true CN111940889A (en) | 2020-11-17 |
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| CN110280889A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-09-27 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | A kind of robot stirring friction welding agitator head temperature measurement structure |
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| CN102564628A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-07-11 | 中国计量学院 | Thermocouple temperature sensor based on multiple layers of membranes |
| CN102322972A (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2012-01-18 | 江苏科技大学 | Friction-stir welding head internal temperature detection method and device |
| CN202985257U (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-06-12 | 浙江机电职业技术学院 | Cutting temperature measuring device |
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| CN205958132U (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2017-02-15 | 大连交通大学 | A thin film thermocouple clamping mechanism that goes between for measuring transient state cutting temperature |
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Application publication date: 20201117 |