CN104209648A - Device and method for double-shaft shoulder FSW (Friction Stir Welding) based on temperature feedback of leader region - Google Patents
Device and method for double-shaft shoulder FSW (Friction Stir Welding) based on temperature feedback of leader region Download PDFInfo
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- CN104209648A CN104209648A CN201410449491.8A CN201410449491A CN104209648A CN 104209648 A CN104209648 A CN 104209648A CN 201410449491 A CN201410449491 A CN 201410449491A CN 104209648 A CN104209648 A CN 104209648A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
- B23K20/1235—Controlling or monitoring the welding process with temperature control during joining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for double-shaft shoulder FSW (Friction Stir Welding) based on temperature feedback of a leader region. The device comprises a stirring head, a clamp holder and a handcart, wherein the stirring head is arranged on a machine head in a clamping way through the clamp holder, the machine head is fixedly provided with a semicircular arc magnetic steel piece, the clamp holder is provided with high-speed proximity switches in the circumferential direction at intervals every 90 degrees, the stirring head comprises an upper shaft shoulder, a lower shaft shoulder and a stirring needle which is located between the upper shaft shoulder and the lower shaft shoulder, the upper shaft shoulder is provided with sheathed thermocouples in the circumferential direction at intervals every 90 degrees, the radial directions of end points of the sheathed thermocouples are respectively parallel to the radial direction of a setting point of the corresponding high-speed proximity switch after the stirring head is provided with the clamp holder, and the sheathed thermocouples are connected with a controller through a wireless transmission module. The method is characterized by dynamically adjusting the welding speed and the rotating speed of the stirring head through the sheathed thermocouples and pressure spring type thermocouples. According to the device and the method for the double-shaft shoulder FSW based on the temperature feedback of the leader region, disclosed by the invention, the structure is clever, the detection accuracy is high, the welding speed is dynamically adjusted through dynamically detecting the temperature of a welding workpiece, and the welding accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to relate to metal material processing field, be specifically related to twin shaft shoulder agitating friction welder and method thereof based on temperature feedback.
Background technology
Twin shaft shoulder agitating friction solder technology is a kind of new welding technology, this solder technology utilizes mixing needle to connect mixing needle and upper and lower shaft shoulder synchronous rotary in the upper and lower shaft shoulder and welding process, so twin shaft shoulder stir friction welding process quantity of heat production is large, speed of welding fast, the multiposition that can carry out welding; But also large this feature of quantity of heat production just, has caused welding region metal overheated, has directly affected welding quality, as welding region coarse grains, defect increase, even directly causes surface forming to worsen; If rashly reduce heat input, can reduce welding region temperature again, advance resistance is increased, cause mixing needle fracture.
At present in stir friction welding process, be used for controlling the means of welding heat production mainly: regulate the size of speed of welding, the speed of mainshaft, way is before welding starts conventionally, and welding parameters is set, in welding process, these welding parameters can not be changed; More it is worth mentioning that, to welding process parameter, as welding region temperature shortage real-time feedback control means, when problems of welded quality occurs, operator can not adjust welding parameter timely and effectively.
Does adjustment, by regulating the speed of mainshaft or speed of welding, realize the stability of welding process as how welding region temperature is for feeding back? for this problem, there is no so far clear and definite solution.Want to address this problem, first realize the detection of welding region temperature, after formation temperature feedback, be then only control method targetedly.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of twin shaft shoulder agitating friction welder and method thereof based on temperature feedback, the temperature of detection weld zone that can be real-time, by the real-time adjustment speed of welding of the temperature of weld zone, welding precision is high.
Technical scheme: for solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of twin shaft shoulder agitating friction welder based on temperature feedback of the present invention, comprise stirring-head, be arranged on friction stir welding machine head clamper and with the synchronization-moving dolly of friction stir welding machine head, described stirring-head is clamped on head and both concentrics by clamper, on head, fix the circular arc magnetic links of a semicircle, the circumferencial direction of clamper is installed respectively a high speed approach switch every 90 °, stirring-head comprises the shaft shoulder, the lower shaft shoulder and the mixing needle between the upper shaft shoulder and the lower shaft shoulder, on upper shaft shoulder circumferencial direction, every 90 °, an armoured thermocouple is installed, after stirring-head is arranged on clamper, thermocouple terminal of living in radially respectively with high speed approach switch set-point radial parallel of living in, armoured thermocouple is connected with controller by wireless transport module, described dolly comprises little vehicle main body, spring adjusting device, be arranged on roller and compressed spring type thermocouple in little vehicle main body, described compressed spring type thermocouple has 4, described dolly main body side is provided with several dolly boss, dolly boss is connected with fixed head by spring adjusting device, described compressed spring type thermocouple is connected with dolly main body by thermocouple external member, compressed spring type thermocouple is connected with controller by temperature transmitter.
As preferably, described thermocouple external member comprises hollow step-like the installation of TC bar, buffer spring and cover plate, the installation of TC bar is by passing buffer spring and be connected with cover plate by adjusting nut after cover plate successively on lower, compressed spring type thermocouple is through the inside of the installation of TC bar, the lead-in wire of compressed spring type thermocouple is for external temperature transmitter, and cover plate is connected with dolly main body.
As preferably, dolly boss has four, spring adjusting device has four groups, the symmetrical dolly both sides that are positioned at, spring adjusting device comprises the first pole, the first clamp nut, the second clamp nut, the 3rd clamp nut and little car spring, and the first pole is successively through the first clamp nut, fixed head, the second clamp nut, little car spring, dolly boss and the 3rd clamp nut.
A method of adjustment based on the above-mentioned twin shaft shoulder agitating friction welder based on leader temperature feedback of right, comprises the following steps:
(1) the temperature output of reading four armoured thermocouple points is respectively: T2-1, T2-2, T2-3, T2-4, the temperature of four compressed spring type thermocouple detections is respectively T6-1, T6-2, T6-3, T6-4, if high speed approach switch enters first half zone sequence and is respectively 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, therefore in the process that stirring-head rotates a circle, the every half-twist of stirring-head, the first half temperature T m of the upper shaft shoulder and workpiece contact-making surface is respectively: (T2-4+T2-1)/2, (T2-1+T2-2)/2, (T2-2+T2-3)/2, (T2-3+T2-4)/2, make △ T1=Tm-T6-1, △ T2=Tm-T6-4, △ T3=T6-1-T6-2, △ T4=T6-4-T6-3, then set respectively the minimum of a value Vmin of stirring-head speed of welding and rotary speed, Wmin and maximum Vmax, Wmax, the normal traffic coverage [470 of Tm is set, 520] ℃, rotating speed stepping variable amplitude △ W is set, every step time span 10s, the interval [0.6 of adjustment factor K is set, 2],
(2) keep the constant and metallic region to be welded of slowly nipping of Rotating speed, in this course, metal to be welded and the heat production of stirring-head high-speed friction, leader metal temperature rises gradually;
(3) when △ T1 or △ T2 are less than temperature T 7, with a certain amount of amplification, increase gradually real-time speed of welding, if speed of welding has been increased to and has set welding maximal rate in real time, no longer increase, then stepping increases rotary speed, increase in a stepwise manner rotary speed formula, each step incremental speed is according to formula Δ W (1-e
-k*t) change, k=1 now, t walks time variable for this, its scope is [0, every step time span], and then judges that △ T1 or △ T2 are less than temperature T 7, as otherwise enter step (4);
(4), when △ T1 or △ T2 are more than or equal to temperature T 7, no matter in real time whether speed of welding is increased to speed of welding maximum, as long as △ T3 or △ T4 are greater than 50 ℃, starts to weld with speed of welding maximum;
(5) when △ T3 or △ T4 are less than 50 ℃, if speed of welding is not increased to speed of welding maximum yet in real time, continue to increase real-time speed of welding, if speed of welding has been increased to speed of welding maximum in real time, △ T3 or △ T4 are still less than 50 ℃, keep speed of welding constant, increase in a stepwise manner rotary speed formula, each step incremental speed is according to formula Δ W (1-e
-k*t) change, k=1 now; After each step rotating speed increases, again judge whether △ T3 or △ T4 are more than or equal to 50 ℃, start in this way to weld with speed of welding maximum, enter step (6), as otherwise continue circulation step (5);
(6) after entering the welding stage, keep speed of welding constant, according to leader temperature conditions, adjust the rotary speed of stirring-head, when Tm surpasses design temperature interval, when if △ T1 or △ T2 are less than T10, stepping slowly reduces rotary speed, and each step rotating speed decrement is according to formula Δ W (1-e
-k*t) variation, now 0.6<K<1; When Tm surpasses design temperature when interval, if when △ T1 or △ T2 are more than or equal to T10, fast reducing rotary speed, each step rotating speed decrement is according to formula Δ W (1-e
-k*t) variation, now 1<K<2; When Tm is when design temperature is interval, continue normally welding, and judge whether in the ending stage; When Tm is less than design temperature interval, if △ T1 or △ T2 are less than T10, slowly increase rotary speed, each step incremental speed is according to formula Δ W (1-e
-k*t) variation, now 0.6<K<1; If △ T1 or △ T2 are more than or equal to T10, increasing fast each step incremental speed of rotary speed is △ W, and each step incremental speed is according to formula Δ W (1-e
-k*t) variation, now 1<K<2; Until reach the maximum of rotary speed;
(7) circulation step (6), when Tm is greater than 560 ℃ and △ T1 or △ T2 and is less than 360 ℃ and △ T3 or △ T4 and is less than 40 ℃, weld zone can be judged as overheated, entered the ending stage, now, should reduce rapidly rotary speed to the minimum of a value of rotary speed constant interval, until welding finishes.
As preferably, in order to guarantee welding process stability, need to limit rotary speed constant interval, consider mechanical constant, the variable quantity per second of described speed of welding is not more than 3mm/min, and rotating speed stepping variable △ W is not more than 60rpm.。
As preferably, described T7 is 380 ℃, and T10 is 380 ℃.
The definition of welding leader: along the region to be welded of welding direction, twin shaft shoulder agitating friction head (for simplicity, hereinafter to be referred as stirring-head) central axis the place ahead certain distance.As shown in Figure 1, leader 6 (dash area) comprises half area of the shaft shoulder and workpiece contact-making surface, has also comprised in addition region, one, stirring-head axis the place ahead (not comprising the shared area of stirring-head), and it is trapezoidal that leader is totally.
The definition of the upper shaft shoulder and workpiece contact-making surface: upper shaft shoulder radius with beyond interior, mixing needle radius, on circular region contacting with workpiece of the shaft shoulder.
Beneficial effect: the twin shaft shoulder agitating friction welder based on leader temperature feedback of the present invention is by armoured thermocouple and the real-time detection welding leader temperature of compressed spring type thermocouple, by spring adjusting device, make compressed spring type thermocouple be close to welding work pieces, accuracy of detection is high; This method of adjustment has been considered along welding direction, apart from the regional temperature to be welded of stirring-head certain distance and situation of change relatively thereof comprehensively, by the real-time adjustment speed of welding of the problem of detection and the rotary speed of stirring-head, make welding quality high, Automation of Welding degree is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 welds leader present position schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 twin shaft shoulder agitating friction header structure and armoured thermocouple scheme of installation;
The thermometric terminal position schematic diagram of Fig. 3 armoured thermocouple;
Fig. 4 circular arc magnetic links and high speed approach switch position view;
The output of Fig. 5 armoured thermocouple and phase sequence schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 temperature measuring trolley work schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is positioned at the compressed spring type thermocouple location schematic diagram of temperature measuring trolley bottom;
Fig. 8 twin shaft shoulder agitating friction welding leader temperature regulates flow chart.
In figure: 1-stirring-head, 3-agitating friction head gripper, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4 high speed approach switch, 5-circular arc magnetic links, 6-welds leader, 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4 compressed spring type thermocouple and workpiece contact point, the upper shaft shoulder of 1-1, the shaft shoulder under 1-2, 1-3 mixing needle, 2-armouring thermocouple, 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, the end of 2-4 armoured thermocouple, 7-Metal Contact Rollers, 8-dolly, 9-compressed spring type thermocouple, 10-dolly boss, the little car spring of 11-, 12-fixed head, 13-the first pole, 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4 compressed spring type thermocouple, 14-workpiece.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figures 1 to 7, a kind of twin shaft shoulder agitating friction welder based on leader temperature feedback of the present invention, comprise stirring-head 1, be arranged on friction stir welding machine head clamper 3 and with the synchronization-moving dolly of friction stir welding machine head, stirring-head 1 is clamped on head by clamper 3, on head, fix the circular arc magnetic links 5 of a semicircle, the circumferencial direction of clamper 3 is installed respectively a high speed approach switch every 90 °, stirring-head 1 comprises shaft shoulder 1-1, lower shaft shoulder 1-2 and the mixing needle 1-3 between upper shaft shoulder 1-1 and lower shaft shoulder 1-2, on upper shaft shoulder 1-1 circumferencial direction, every 90 °, an armoured thermocouple 2 is installed, armoured thermocouple 2 is connected with controller by wireless transport module, dolly comprises dolly main body 8, spring adjusting device, be arranged on roller 7 and compressed spring type thermocouple 9 in dolly main body 8, compressed spring type thermocouple 9 has 4, dolly main body 8 sides are provided with several dolly boss 10, dolly boss 10 is connected with fixed head 12 by spring adjusting device, compressed spring type thermocouple 9 is connected with dolly main body 8 by thermocouple external member, compressed spring type thermocouple 9 is connected with controller by temperature transmitter.
In the present invention, thermocouple external member comprises hollow step-like the installation of TC bar, buffer spring and cover plate, the installation of TC bar is by passing buffer spring and be connected with cover plate by adjusting nut after cover plate successively on lower, compressed spring type thermocouple 9 is through the inside of the installation of TC bar, the lead-in wire of compressed spring type thermocouple 9 is for external temperature transmitter, and cover plate is connected with dolly main body 8.
In the present invention, dolly boss 10 has four, spring adjusting device has four groups, symmetrical dolly main body 8 both sides that are positioned at, spring adjusting device comprises the first pole 13, the first clamp nut, the second clamp nut, the 3rd clamp nut and dolly spring 11, the first poles 13 successively through the first clamp nut, fixed head 12, the second clamp nut, dolly spring 11, dolly boss 10 and the 3rd clamp nut.
Below the thick aluminium alloy plate twin shaft shoulder agitating friction welding leader temperature control method of 6mm is elaborated.
First extract upper shaft shoulder 1-1 and workpiece contact-making surface first half temperature T m.As shown in Figure 2, the upper shaft shoulder 1-1 at stirring-head 1 installs 2, four armoured thermocouples 2 of four armoured thermocouples respectively through the inclined via-hole on stirring-head 1, the end face of shaft shoulder 1-1 in arrival every 90 °; As shown in Figure 3, four armoured thermocouples 2 arrive terminal 2-1,2-2,2-3, the 2-4 of the end face of upper shaft shoulder 1-1, and these four terminals and distance of center circle be not from etc.; After stirring-head is arranged on clamper, both deads in line, as shown in Figure 1, be parallel on the radial direction of these four terminals, agitating friction head gripper 3, four high speed approach switch 4-1,4-2,4-2,4-4 are installed respectively, guarantee 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4 of living in radially respectively with a 2-1,2-2,2-3,2-4 radial parallel of living in; As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, on the head of friction stir welding machine, fix especially the circular arc magnetic links 5 of a semicircle, this circular arc magnetic links 5 is non-rotary, head is static relatively, but follows head synchronizing moving in welding direction; This circular arc magnetic links 5 and high speed approach switch 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4 cooperating, in stirring-head 1 High Rotation Speed, when approach switch enters the circular arc region of circular arc magnetic links 5, just have corresponding induced signal, this shows that corresponding armoured thermocouple 2 points for measuring temperature have entered shaft shoulder 1-1 and workpiece 14 contact-making surface first halfs, thereby for system acquisition provides corresponding signal, then system, according to relevant position signal, is extracted the output of corresponding armoured thermocouple 2.
The present invention considers that the extraction method that differs of hysteresis characteristic reads shaft shoulder 1-1 and workpiece contact-making surface first half temperature T m: as shown in Figure 5, if the temperature that armoured thermocouple 2 is ordered at terminal 2-1,2-2,2-3,2-4 output is respectively: T2-1, T2-2, T2-3, T2-4, if when high speed approach switch 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4 approach circular arc magnetic links 5, the signal sending is respectively t4-1, t4-2, t4-3, t4-4; When any one signal is high level in t4-1, t4-2, t4-3, t4-4, illustrate that corresponding armoured thermocouple 2 has entered shaft shoulder 1-1 and workpiece 14 contact-making surface first half regions; In the process that stirring-head 1 rotates a circle, can only there be the stably first half in upper shaft shoulder 1-1 and workpiece 14 contact-making surfaces of two armoured thermocouples 2 in a certain moment.
Consider characteristic time lag of armoured thermocouple 2, if hysteresis constant is td, system should be after often detecting t4-1, t4-2, t4-3, t4-4, time delay td, td is chosen as 0.1 second conventionally, and then corresponding armoured thermocouple 2 output signal T2-1, T2-2, T2-3, T2-4 are read; If high speed approach switch enters first half zone sequence and is respectively 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4, differing is 90 °, so in the process that rotates a circle of stirring-head 1, every half-twist, the first half temperature T m of upper shaft shoulder 1-1 and workpiece 14 contact-making surfaces respectively:
(T2-4+T2-1)/2、(T2-1+T2-2)/2、(T2-2+T2-3)/2、(T2-3+T2-4)/2
Visible, the above-mentioned high speed approach switch that utilizes enters first half zone sequence, selectively read thermocouple output signal and calculate, this method that reads shaft shoulder 1-1 and workpiece 14 contact-making surface first half regional temperatures is simple, affected by rotating speed and armouring thermocouple 2 hysteresis characteristics.
Secondly, detect the characteristic point temperature that welding zone is treated in stirring-head 1 the place ahead.As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, use the dolly with friction stir welding machine head advanced in unison, this dolly bottom is provided with four compressed spring type thermocouple 9-1,9-2,9-3,9-4, when system works, under the effect of dolly spring 11 and installing plate 12, these four compressed spring type thermocouple 9-1,9-2,9-3,9-4 are close to workpiece 14 surfaces, 6-1,6-2,6-3,6-4 in the contact point difference corresponding diagram 1 of compressed spring type thermocouple 9 and workpiece 14; If compressed spring type thermocouple 9-1,9-2,9-3,9-4 are respectively T6-1, T6-2, T6-3, T6-4 in the output at contact point 6-1,6-2,6-3,6-4 place, when system works, the output of compressed spring type thermocouple 9 can connect corresponding transmitter, finally by computer, is read.
The running parameter of extract minutiae temperature.Read Tm, T6-1, T6-2, T6-3, T6-4, and calculate respectively following various:
△T1＝Tm－T6-1
△T2＝Tm－T6-4
△T3＝T6-1－T6-2
△T4＝T6-4－T6-3
As shown in Figure 8, the method for adjustment of the shoulder of the twin shaft based on temperature feedback agitating friction welder comprises the following steps:
Step1: carry out initialization, armoured thermocouple 2 and compressed spring type thermocouple 9 power on, set respectively minimum of a value Vmin, Wmin and maximum Vmax, the Wmax of stirring-head speed of welding and rotary speed, the normal traffic coverage [470,520] ℃ of Tm is set, rotating speed stepping variable amplitude △ W=30 is set, stepping time is 10s, and the interval [0.6,2] of adjustment factor K is set;
Step2: detect △ T1, △ T2, △ T3, △ T4, judge whether △ T1 or △ T2 are less than 380 degrees Celsius, as be less than 380 degrees Celsius, carry out Step3, otherwise, proceed to Step4;
Step3: judge whether real-time speed of welding is increased to setting speed of welding maximum, and in this way, then stepping increases rotary speed, increases in a stepwise manner rotary speed formula, and each step incremental speed is according to formula Δ W (1-e
-k*t) change, then proceed to Step2, as no, continue to increase real-time speed of welding to speed of welding maximum, then proceed to Step2;
Step4: judge that whether △ T3 or △ T4 are greater than 50 degrees Celsius, as no, proceed to Step3; In this way, postpone, after 2 seconds, to enter Step5;
Step5: judge that whether △ T3 or △ T4 are greater than 50 degrees Celsius, as no, proceed to Step4; In this way, proceed to Step6, enter the normal welding stage;
Step6: judge whether that Tm surpasses design temperature interval [470,520] degree Celsius, in this way, proceed to Step7, as no, proceed to Step8;
Step7: judge whether △ T1 or △ T2 are more than or equal to 380 degrees Celsius, in this way, and the slow rotary speed of falling of stepping, each step rotating speed decrement is according to formula Δ W (1-e
-k*t) change, now 0.6<K<1 is as no, and rotary speed falls in stepping soon, and each step rotating speed decrement is according to formula Δ W (1-e
-k*t) change, now 1<K<2, then proceeds to Step6;
Step8: judge that whether Tm is interval in design temperature, in this way, continue to judge whether in the ending stage, if not in the ending stage, proceed to Step6, as in the ending stage, proceed to Step10; As Tm surpasses design temperature interval, proceed to Step9;
Step9: judge whether △ T1 or △ T2 are more than or equal to 380 degrees Celsius, in this way, increase soon rotary speed, each step incremental speed is according to formula Δ W (1-e
-k*t) variation, now 1<K<2; Until reach the maximum of rotary speed, as no, delay and increase rotary speed, each step incremental speed is according to formula Δ W (1-e
-k*t) change, now 0.6<K<1, then proceeds to Step6;
Step10: reduce rotary speed to interval minimum of a value, continue welding;
Step11: agitating friction head shifts out after workpiece, welding finishes.
When Tm is greater than, 560 ℃, △ T1 or △ T2 are less than 360 ℃, △ T3 or △ T4 is less than 40 ℃, weld in the ending stage.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the twin shaft based on leader temperature feedback is takeed on agitating friction welder, it is characterized in that: comprise stirring-head, be arranged on friction stir welding machine head clamper and with the synchronization-moving dolly of friction stir welding machine head, described stirring-head is clamped on head and both concentrics by clamper, on head, fix the circular arc magnetic links of a semicircle, the circumferencial direction of clamper is installed respectively a high speed approach switch every 90 °, described stirring-head comprises the shaft shoulder, the lower shaft shoulder and the mixing needle between the upper shaft shoulder and the lower shaft shoulder, on upper shaft shoulder circumferencial direction, every 90 °, an armoured thermocouple is installed, after stirring-head is arranged on clamper, armoured thermocouple terminal of living in radially respectively with high speed approach switch set-point radial parallel of living in, armoured thermocouple is connected with controller by wireless transport module, described dolly comprises little vehicle main body, spring adjusting device, be arranged on roller and compressed spring type thermocouple in little vehicle main body, described dolly main body side is provided with several dolly boss, dolly boss is connected with fixed head by spring adjusting device, described compressed spring type thermocouple has 4, compressed spring type thermocouple is connected with dolly main body by thermocouple external member, compressed spring type thermocouple is connected with controller by temperature transmitter.
2. the twin shaft based on leader temperature feedback according to claim 1 is takeed on agitating friction welder, it is characterized in that: described thermocouple external member comprises hollow step-like the installation of TC bar, buffer spring and cover plate, the installation of TC bar is by passing buffer spring and be connected with cover plate by adjusting nut after cover plate successively on lower, compressed spring type thermocouple is through the inside of the installation of TC bar, the lead-in wire of compressed spring type thermocouple is for external temperature transmitter, and cover plate is connected with dolly main body.
3. the twin shaft based on leader temperature feedback according to claim 1 is takeed on agitating friction welder, it is characterized in that: described dolly boss has four, spring adjusting device has four groups, the symmetrical dolly both sides that are positioned at, spring adjusting device comprises the first pole, the first clamp nut, the second clamp nut, the 3rd clamp nut and little car spring, and the first pole is successively through the first clamp nut, fixed head, the second clamp nut, little car spring, dolly boss and the 3rd clamp nut.
4. a method of adjustment for the twin shaft shoulder agitating friction welder based on leader temperature feedback based on described in claims 1 to 3 any one, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) the temperature output of reading four armoured thermocouple points is respectively: T2-1, T2-2, T2-3, T2-4, the temperature of four compressed spring type thermocouple detections is respectively T6-1, T6-2, T6-3, T6-4, if high speed approach switch enters first half zone sequence and is respectively 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, therefore in the process that stirring-head rotates a circle, the every half-twist of stirring-head, the first half temperature T m of the upper shaft shoulder and workpiece contact-making surface is respectively: (T2-4+T2-1)/2, (T2-1+T2-2)/2, (T2-2+T2-3)/2, (T2-3+T2-4)/2, make △ T1=Tm-T6-1, △ T2=Tm-T6-4, △ T3=T6-1-T6-2, △ T4=T6-4-T6-3, then set respectively the minimum of a value Vmin of stirring-head speed of welding and rotary speed, Wmin and maximum Vmax, Wmax, the normal traffic coverage [470 of Tm is set, 520] ℃, rotating speed stepping variable amplitude △ W is set, every step time span 10s, the interval [0.6 of adjustment factor K is set, 2],
(2) keep the constant and metallic region to be welded of slowly nipping of Rotating speed, in this course, metal to be welded and the heat production of stirring-head high-speed friction, leader metal temperature rises gradually;
(3) when △ T1 or △ T2 are less than temperature T 7, with a certain amount of amplification, increase gradually real-time speed of welding, if speed of welding has been increased to and has set welding maximal rate in real time, no longer increase, then stepping increases rotary speed, increase in a stepwise manner rotary speed formula, each step incremental speed is according to formula Δ W (1-e
-k*t) change, k=1 now, t walks time variable for this, its scope is [0, every step time span], and then judges that △ T1 or △ T2 are less than temperature T 7, as otherwise enter step (4);
(4), when △ T1 or △ T2 are more than or equal to temperature T 7, no matter in real time whether speed of welding is increased to speed of welding maximum, as long as △ T3 or △ T4 are greater than 50 ℃, starts to weld with speed of welding maximum;
(5) when △ T3 or △ T4 are less than 50 ℃, if speed of welding is not increased to speed of welding maximum yet in real time, continue to increase real-time speed of welding, if speed of welding has been increased to speed of welding maximum in real time, △ T3 or △ T4 are still less than 50 ℃, keep speed of welding constant, increase in a stepwise manner rotary speed formula, each step incremental speed is according to formula Δ W (1-e
-k*t) change, k=1 now; After each step rotating speed increases, again judge whether △ T3 or △ T4 are more than or equal to 50 ℃, start in this way to weld with speed of welding maximum, enter step (6), as otherwise continue circulation step (5);
(6) after entering the welding stage, keep speed of welding constant, according to leader temperature conditions, adjust the rotary speed of stirring-head, when Tm surpasses design temperature interval, when if △ T1 or △ T2 are less than T10, stepping slowly reduces rotary speed, and each step rotating speed decrement is according to formula Δ W (1-e
-k*t) variation, now 0.6<K<1; When Tm surpasses design temperature when interval, if when △ T1 or △ T2 are more than or equal to T10, fast reducing rotary speed, each step rotating speed decrement is according to formula Δ W (1-e
-k*t) variation, now 1<K<2; When Tm is when design temperature is interval, continue normally welding, and judge whether in the ending stage; When Tm is less than design temperature interval, if △ T1 or △ T2 are less than T10, slowly increase rotary speed, each step incremental speed is according to formula Δ W (1-e
-k*t) variation, now 0.6<K<1; If △ T1 or △ T2 are more than or equal to T10, increasing fast each step incremental speed of rotary speed is △ W, and each step incremental speed is according to formula Δ W (1-e
-k*t) variation, now 1<K<2; Until reach the maximum of rotary speed;
(7) circulation step (6), when Tm is greater than 560 ℃ and △ T1 or △ T2 and is less than 360 ℃ and △ T3 or △ T4 and is less than 40 ℃, weld zone can be judged as overheated, entered the ending stage, now, should reduce rapidly rotary speed to the minimum of a value of rotary speed constant interval, until welding finishes.
5. the method for adjustment of the twin shaft shoulder agitating friction welder based on leader temperature feedback according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the variable quantity per second of speed of welding is not more than 3mm/min, and rotating speed stepping variable amplitude △ W is not more than 60rpm.
6. the method for adjustment of the twin shaft shoulder agitating friction welder based on leader temperature feedback according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described T7 is 380 ℃, and T10 is 380 ℃.
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