CN111940865B - Method for quickly manufacturing babbit metal bearing bush - Google Patents

Method for quickly manufacturing babbit metal bearing bush Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111940865B
CN111940865B CN202010835213.1A CN202010835213A CN111940865B CN 111940865 B CN111940865 B CN 111940865B CN 202010835213 A CN202010835213 A CN 202010835213A CN 111940865 B CN111940865 B CN 111940865B
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China
Prior art keywords
electrode
bearing bush
babbitt metal
bearing
metal bearing
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CN202010835213.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111940865A (en
Inventor
董宏伟
钟素娟
张雷
张冠星
王蒙
于新泉
刘付丽
李云月
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Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co Ltd
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Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
    • B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
    • B23K37/053—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work aligning cylindrical work; Clamping devices therefor
    • B23K37/0538—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work aligning cylindrical work; Clamping devices therefor for rotating tubes, e.g. rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bearing bush manufacturing, in particular to equipment and a method for quickly manufacturing a babbitt metal bearing bush. The equipment for rapidly manufacturing the babbitt metal bearing bush comprises a frame, a rotating unit, an electrode unit and a power supply unit; the rotating unit comprises two rotating shafts arranged in parallel in the rack, each rotating shaft is sleeved with at least one roller, and the rollers are tangent to the outer surface of the bearing bush and drive the bearing bush to rotate along the circumferential direction; the electrode unit comprises a first electrode and a second electrode which are electrically connected through the power supply unit; the first electrode is in fit contact with the arc-shaped surface of the outer surface of the bearing bush, and the second electrode is arranged in the inner cavity of the bearing bush and is opposite to the first electrode. According to the Joule law, the contact position of an ingot and the inner surface of a bearing bush is melted to the inner surface of the bearing bush; as the bearing shell rotates circumferentially, the molten babbitt alloy solidifies and welds to the inner surface of the bearing shell.

Description

Method for quickly manufacturing babbit metal bearing bush
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bearing bush manufacturing, in particular to equipment and a method for quickly manufacturing a babbitt metal bearing bush.
Background
Babbitt metal, including tin-base bearing alloy and lead-base bearing alloy, is composed of hard phase and soft phase matrix. The babbit alloy has excellent performance, and is widely applied to bearing bushes, bearings, shaft bushes and shaft sleeves of large-scale mechanical spindles in the fields of petrochemical industry, energy and power, metallurgical mining, automobile and ship, military manufacturing and the like.
At present, most of the slide bearing babbitt metal bearing bushes are manufactured by adopting a centrifugal casting method, and the following steps are required: blank manufacturing → tin enameling → babbit alloy smelting → deslagging and centrifugal casting → cooling → turning and other processes, the process is relatively complex, and the production flow is long. Meanwhile, redundant babbitt metal can be formed by centrifugal casting, so that the babbitt metal is required to be machined and removed in the later period, the material waste is caused, the post-treatment process is added, the process flow is prolonged, and the process cost is increased.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide equipment for quickly manufacturing a babbitt metal bearing bush so as to solve the technical problems of complex manufacturing process of the bearing bush and the like in the prior art.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for rapidly manufacturing babbitt metal bearing shells, which is simple to operate and can save energy.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
the equipment for rapidly manufacturing the babbitt metal bearing bush comprises a frame, a rotating unit, an electrode unit and a power supply unit;
the rotating unit comprises two rotating shafts arranged in parallel in the rack, each rotating shaft is sleeved with at least one roller, and the rollers are tangent to the outer surface of the bearing bush and drive the bearing bush to rotate along the circumferential direction;
the electrode unit comprises a first electrode and a second electrode which are electrically connected through the power supply unit; the first electrode is in fit contact with the arc-shaped surface of the outer surface of the bearing bush, and the second electrode is arranged in the inner cavity of the bearing bush and is opposite to the first electrode.
According to the invention, the babbitt metal ingot is directly arranged in the inner cavity of the bearing bush through the second electrode, a gap exists between the babbitt metal ingot and the inner surface of the bearing bush, the resistance is larger than that of the bearing bush and the babbitt metal ingot, and the temperature at the gap is rapidly increased firstly according to Joule's law, so that the contact position of the ingot and the inner surface of the bearing bush is melted to the inner surface of the bearing bush; meanwhile, along with the circumferential rotation of the bearing bush, the molten babbitt metal is solidified and welded on the inner surface of the bearing bush, so that the babbitt metal of the bearing bush is continuously brazed. And after the bearing bush rotates for a circle, the Babbitt metal layer is completely welded on the inner surface of the bearing bush.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the first electrode is connected to the frame by a connector. The first electrode is fixedly connected to the frame through a connecting piece. Further, the first electrode is arranged below the bearing bush. Specifically, the first electrode can be fixedly connected to the frame through a connecting piece, or detachably connected to the frame.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the clamping unit further comprises a driving cylinder and a clamping arm connected to the driving rod, and the second electrode is disposed at an end of the clamping arm. Further, the second electrode is disposed at a lower end of the clamping arm. So as to be opposed to the first electrode, and the clamping unit applies pressure between the first electrode and the second electrode to clamp the babbitt metal ingot.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the driving cylinder may be a cylinder, and the cylinder is connected to the frame through a bracket. The clamping arm is used for supporting the second electrode, and under the drive of the cylinder, the clamping arm can move up and down to drive the second electrode to be matched with the first electrode to clamp the workpiece.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the device further comprises a solenoid valve and a pressure controller, wherein the solenoid valve is respectively connected with the pressure controller and the air cylinder. Specifically, the pressure controller can adopt the existing pressure controller, and the air cylinder is ensured to drive the clamping arm to apply certain pressure between the first electrode and the second electrode through the pressure controller, after the pressure reaches a preset value, the air cylinder is controlled by the electromagnetic valve to stop increasing the pressure, and after the pressure is smaller than the preset value, the air cylinder is controlled by the electromagnetic valve to increase the pressure until the preset value is reached.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a support pad is disposed between the clamping arm and the second electrode, and the pressure controller may be embedded in the support pad.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second electrode is provided with a clamping groove. The clamping groove is used for clamping a Babbitt metal ingot. Specifically, the size of the clamping groove is matched with that of the babbitt metal ingot, and the babbitt metal ingot is further fixed through the clamping groove.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the length of the first electrode and the second electrode in the axial direction of the bearing shell is greater than or equal to the axial length of the bearing shell. Further, the length of the babbitt metal ingot along the axial direction of the bearing bush is larger than or equal to the axial length of the bearing bush. So as to ensure that the whole inner surface of the bearing bush is coated with the Babbitt metal by brazing.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the rotating unit further includes a driving motor, and the driving motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate. The driving motor is connected to the power supply unit and supplies power to the driving motor, so that the rotation of the rotating shaft is realized, and the bearing bush is driven to rotate through the roller.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the controller is electrically connected to the power supply unit, the driving motor, the solenoid valve, and the pressure controller, respectively. The controller controls the power supply unit to be turned on or turned off, so that the whole equipment runs or stops, the power supply is used for supplying power to the electrode unit, and the current, the voltage and the like of the power supply of the electrode unit are controlled; the controller controls the driving motor to drive the rotating speed, the rotating direction and the like of the rotating shaft; the electromagnetic valve is controlled by the controller to regulate and control the operation of the air cylinder, the air cylinder is controlled to drive the clamping arm to clamp and loosen the Babbitt alloy ingot, pressure information fed back by the pressure controller is received, when the pressure reaches a preset value, the position of the air cylinder is kept, and when the pressure is smaller than the preset value, the pressure is further increased by the air cylinder until the preset value is reached.
The invention also provides a method for rapidly manufacturing the babbitt metal bearing bush by adopting the arrangement, which comprises the following steps:
(a) the babbitt metal cast ingot is arranged in the inner cavity of the bearing bush, and the first electrode, the babbitt metal cast ingot, the bearing bush and the second electrode are matched and attached;
(b) and applying pressure between the first electrode and the second electrode and electrifying direct current, wherein the bearing bush rotates along the circumferential direction.
The two electrodes are clamped and pressurized and electrified, because a gap exists between the bearing bush and the babbitt alloy, the resistance is larger than that of the bearing bush and the babbitt alloy cast ingot, the temperature at the gap can be increased rapidly according to the Joule law, and the contact position of the cast ingot and the inner surface of the bearing bush is melted. And as the bearing bush rotates along the circumferential direction, the molten babbitt metal is cooled, solidified and welded on the inner surface of the bearing bush. The manufacturing method of the invention is fast and efficient, and saves energy consumption.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the first electrode and the second electrode are internally circulated with cooling water. The circulating cooling water ensures that the temperature of the part directly contacted with the electrode does not rise, and only the temperature of the part contacted with the babbitt metal ingot and the bearing bush rises.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the pressure is ≧ 2000N. Preferably, the pressure is less than or equal to 3000N.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the voltage of the direct current is 380 +/-10V, and the current of the direct current is 10-20A.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the bearing shell includes an upper bearing shell and a lower bearing shell, and the upper bearing shell and the lower bearing shell are oppositely disposed to form a sleeve structure having a shaft hole. Furthermore, a high-temperature sealing gasket is arranged at the contact position of the upper bearing bush and the lower bearing bush. The high-temperature sealing gasket mainly plays a role in buffering, and can be selectively arranged according to actual requirements in actual operation.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the inner surface of the bearing shell is provided with a tin layer. Furthermore, the thickness of the tin layer is 0.18-0.22 mm.
In actual operation, a bearing bush blank is pretreated to obtain the bearing bush; the pretreatment comprises the following steps:
(1) processing the bearing bush blank by a lathe and/or a milling machine to remove burrs and flashes;
(2) carrying out heat treatment and cooling treatment on the bearing bush blank treated in the step (1);
(3) polishing the bearing bush blank processed in the step (2) to remove an oxide layer; after polishing, cleaning the bearing bush by adopting a saturated zinc chloride solution;
(4) and (4) carrying out tin coating treatment on the bearing bush treated in the step (3).
Wherein, in the step (2), the heat treatment and cooling treatment method comprises the following steps: heating the bearing bush blank treated in the step (1) to 400 +/-20 ℃, then heating to 700 +/-20 ℃, and preserving heat for 4-8 hours; then naturally cooling to room temperature.
In the step (4), the tin coating treatment method comprises the following steps: preheating the bearing bush treated in the step (3) to 200 +/-20 ℃ for 20-60 min; and then dipping the mixture in molten tin for 6-10 min. Through the tin coating treatment, a thin and uniform tin layer is coated on the surface of the bearing bush.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the equipment, the babbitt metal ingot is directly arranged in the inner cavity of the bearing bush through the second electrode, a gap exists between the babbitt metal ingot and the inner surface of the bearing bush, the temperature at the gap is rapidly increased firstly according to the Joule law, so that the contact position of the ingot and the inner surface of the bearing bush is melted to the inner surface of the bearing bush, and welding is realized after cooling; the energy consumption caused by the traditional integral heating is reduced, and the energy is saved;
(2) the invention can directly use Babbitt alloy cast ingots without making the cast ingots into wires or powder, greatly reduces production flow and is beneficial to quality control;
(3) the manufacturing method of the invention greatly reduces the production flow, reduces the material waste, improves the efficiency, saves the electric energy and reduces the production cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bearing shell according to an embodiment of the present invention; a is a side view, and b is a front view;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for rapidly manufacturing a babbitt metal bearing shell according to an embodiment of the present invention; a is a side view (wherein, a does not show the structure arranged in the inner cavity of the bearing bush), and b is a front view.
Reference numerals:
1-upper bearing bush; 2-lower bearing bush; 3-a tin layer;
4-high-temperature sealing gasket; 5-a frame; 6-a roller;
7-a first electrode; 8-a second electrode; 9-babbitt metal ingot casting.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following described embodiments are some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention, and are only used for illustrating the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bearing shell according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the bearing shell includes an upper bearing shell 1 and a lower bearing shell 2, and the upper bearing shell 1 and the lower bearing shell 2 are oppositely arranged to form a sleeve structure having a shaft hole.
Furthermore, a high-temperature sealing gasket 4 is arranged at the contact position of the upper bearing bush 1 and the lower bearing bush 2. The high-temperature sealing gasket mainly plays a role in buffering, and can be selectively arranged according to actual requirements in actual operation.
Further, the inner surface of the bearing bush is provided with a tin layer 3. The thickness of the tin layer is 0.18-0.22 mm, for example, 0.2 mm.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the apparatus for rapidly manufacturing the babbitt metal bearing shell according to the embodiment of the invention. As shown in figure 2, the equipment for rapidly manufacturing the babbitt metal bush comprises a frame 5, a rotating unit, an electrode unit and a power supply unit.
The rotating unit comprises two rotating shafts arranged in parallel in the rack 5, each rotating shaft is sleeved with at least one roller 6, and the rollers 6 are tangent to the outer surface of the bearing bush and drive the bearing bush to rotate along the circumferential direction. As in the specific embodiment, two rollers 6 are sleeved on each rotating shaft, but the invention is not limited to this.
The electrode unit comprises a first electrode 7 and a second electrode 8, and the first electrode 7 and the second electrode 8 are electrically connected through the power supply unit. The first electrode 7 is in contact with the arc-shaped surface of the outer surface of the bearing bush in an attaching mode, and the second electrode 8 is arranged in the inner cavity of the bearing bush and opposite to the first electrode 7.
The sizes of the first electrode 7 and the second electrode 8 are adjusted and selected according to the size of the actually processed and manufactured bearing bush, so that the first electrode 7 can be attached to and contacted with the arc-shaped surface of the outer surface of the bearing bush, and the second electrode 8 can be arranged in the inner cavity of the bearing bush and is opposite to the first electrode 7. Specifically, the top surface of the first electrode 7 is provided with an arc-shaped concave surface, and the arc-shaped concave surface can be attached to and contacted with the outer surface of the bearing bush.
Further, the first electrode 7 is connected to the frame 5 through a connecting member. Specifically, the first electrode 7 is fixedly connected to the frame 5 through a connecting member, or detachably connected to the frame 5, preferably detachably connected to the frame 5, so as to facilitate replacement of the first electrode 7 according to the type of the bearing bush. The first electrode 7 is arranged below the bearing bush. The second electrode 8 is arranged in an inner cavity of the bearing bush, and in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the bearing bush, the center of the first electrode 7, the center of the second electrode 8 and the center of the bearing bush are collinear.
Further, the apparatus further includes a clamping unit (not shown). The clamping unit comprises a driving cylinder and a clamping arm connected with the driving rod, and the second electrode 8 is arranged at the end part of the clamping arm. Further, the second electrode 8 is arranged at the lower end part of the clamping arm so as to be opposite to the first electrode 7, so that the clamping unit applies pressure between the first electrode 7 and the second electrode 8 to clamp the babbitt metal ingot 9, and the babbitt metal ingot 9 is contacted with and abutted against the inner surface of the bearing bush.
Further, the driving cylinder may be an air cylinder, and the air cylinder is connected to the frame 5 through a bracket. The arm lock is used for supporting second electrode 8, and under the drive of cylinder, the arm lock can reciprocate, drives second electrode 8 cooperation first electrode 7 and presss from both sides tight work piece.
Furthermore, the equipment also comprises an electromagnetic valve and a pressure controller, wherein the electromagnetic valve is respectively connected with the pressure controller and the air cylinder. Specifically, the pressure controller can adopt an existing pressure controller, and the pressure controller ensures that the cylinder drives the clamping arm to apply a certain pressure between the first electrode 7 and the second electrode 8, controls the cylinder to stop increasing the pressure through the electromagnetic valve after the pressure reaches a preset value, and controls the cylinder to increase the pressure through the electromagnetic valve until the pressure reaches the preset value after the pressure is smaller than the preset value.
Further, a supporting pad is arranged between the clamping arm and the second electrode 8, and the pressure controller can be arranged in the supporting pad.
Furthermore, cooling water is circulated inside the first electrode 7 and the second electrode 8. The circulating cooling water ensures that the temperature of the part directly contacted with the electrode does not rise, and only the temperature of the part contacted with the babbitt metal ingot and the bearing bush rises.
Further, the second electrode 8 is provided with a clamping groove. The clamping groove is used for clamping the Babbitt metal cast ingot 9 so as to guarantee the stability of continuous brazing.
Further, the rotating unit further comprises a driving motor, and the driving motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate. The driving motor is connected to the power supply unit and supplies power to the driving motor, so that the rotation of the rotating shaft is realized, and the bearing bush is driven to rotate through the roller.
Further, the equipment also comprises a controller, and the controller is electrically connected with the power supply unit, the driving motor, the electromagnetic valve and the pressure controller respectively. The controller controls the power supply unit to be turned on or turned off, so that the whole equipment runs or stops, the power supply is used for supplying power to the electrode unit, and the current, the voltage and the like of the power supply of the electrode unit are controlled; the controller controls the driving motor to drive the rotating speed, the rotating direction and the like of the rotating shaft; the electromagnetic valve is controlled by the controller to regulate and control the operation of the air cylinder, the air cylinder is controlled to drive the clamping arm to clamp and loosen the Babbitt alloy ingot, pressure information fed back by the pressure controller is received, when the pressure reaches a preset value, the position of the air cylinder is kept, and when the pressure is smaller than the preset value, the pressure is further increased by the air cylinder until the preset value is reached.
Further, the lengths of the first electrode 7 and the second electrode 8 along the axial direction of the bearing bush are greater than or equal to the axial length of the bearing bush. Further, the length of the babbitt metal cast ingot 9 along the axial direction of the bearing bush is larger than or equal to the axial length of the bearing bush. So as to ensure that the whole inner surface of the bearing bush is coated with the Babbitt metal by brazing.
The invention also provides a method for rapidly manufacturing the babbitt metal bearing bush by adopting the equipment, which comprises the following steps:
(a) assembling according to the structural schematic diagram of fig. 2, so that the babbitt metal ingot 9 is arranged in the inner cavity of the bearing bush, and the first electrode 7, the babbitt metal ingot 9, the bearing bush and the second electrode 8 are matched and attached;
(b) pressure is applied between the first electrode 7 and the second electrode 8, direct current is applied, and the bearing bush rotates along the circumferential direction.
The two electrodes are clamped and pressurized and electrified, because a gap exists between the bearing bush and the babbitt metal cast ingot 9, the resistance is larger than that of the bearing bush and the babbitt metal cast ingot, the temperature at the gap can be increased rapidly according to the Joule law, and the contact position of the cast ingot and the inner surface of the bearing bush is melted. And as the bearing bush rotates along the circumferential direction, the molten babbitt metal is cooled, solidified and welded on the inner surface of the bearing bush.
Specifically, the pressure is more than or equal to 2000N. Preferably, the pressure is less than or equal to 3000N.
Specifically, the voltage of the direct current is 380 +/-10V, and the current of the direct current is 10-20A.
In actual operation, a bearing bush blank is pretreated to obtain the bearing bush; the pretreatment comprises the following steps:
(1) processing the bearing bush blank by a lathe and/or a milling machine to remove burrs and flashes;
(2) carrying out heat treatment and cooling treatment on the bearing bush blank treated in the step (1);
(3) polishing the bearing bush blank processed in the step (2) to remove an oxide layer; after polishing, cleaning the bearing bush by adopting a saturated zinc chloride solution;
(4) and (4) carrying out tin coating treatment on the bearing bush treated in the step (3).
Wherein, in the step (2), the heat treatment and cooling treatment method comprises the following steps: heating the bearing bush blank treated in the step (1) to 400 +/-20 ℃, then heating to 700 +/-20 ℃, and preserving heat for 4-8 hours; then naturally cooling to room temperature.
In the step (4), the tin coating treatment method comprises the following steps: preheating the bearing bush treated in the step (3) to 200 +/-20 ℃ for 20-60 min; and then dipping the mixture in molten tin for 6-10 min. Through the tin coating treatment, a thin and uniform tin layer is coated on the surface of the bearing bush.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for quickly manufacturing a babbitt metal bearing shell, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preprocessing a bearing bush blank to obtain a bearing bush
a. Processing a commercially available bearing bush blank with standard size, including an upper bearing bush 1 and a lower bearing bush 2, by a lathe, a milling machine and the like, and removing burrs, flashes and the like;
b. b, placing the blank bearing bush obtained in the step a into a heating furnace, heating to 400 ℃, then heating to 700 ℃, and then preserving heat for 6 hours; taking the bearing bush out of the heating furnace by using an iron clamp, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
c. b, polishing the interior of the bearing bush obtained in the step b by using a polishing machine to remove an oxide layer, and cleaning the bearing bush by using a saturated zinc chloride solution after polishing, namely coating the saturated zinc chloride solution on the interior of the bearing bush;
d. c, preheating the bearing bush blank treated in the step c in a heat preservation furnace, wherein the preheating temperature is 200 ℃, and the preheating time is 40 min; putting the tin block into a melting furnace with the preset temperature of 500 ℃, and heating until the tin block is completely melted; and (3) soaking the preheated casting surface of the bearing bush blank in a tin pot for tin coating, wherein the soaking time is 8min, and a uniform tin layer with the thickness of about 0.2mm is coated.
(2) Preparing a babbitt metal ingot, and assembling according to the structural schematic diagram in fig. 2, wherein the length of the babbitt metal ingot along the axial direction of the bearing bush is consistent with the length of the bearing bush so as to ensure that the inner surface of the bearing bush is completely coated with babbitt metal by brazing;
after assembly, applying 2500N pressure between the first electrode and the second electrode, applying 380V direct current and 15A direct current, rapidly increasing the temperature of the contact part of the babbitt metal ingot and the bearing bush according to Joule's law, and melting the contact part of the babbitt metal ingot and the bearing bush;
meanwhile, the bearing bush rotates along the circumferential direction, and along with the rotation of the bearing bush, the molten babbit metal is cooled and solidified and welded on the inner surface of the bearing bush; wherein the linear speed of rotation of the bearing bush is 0.3 m/min;
(3) welding in the mode of the step (2) until the bearing bush rotates for a circle, so that the babbitt metal is welded and distributed on the inner surface of the whole bearing bush to obtain the babbitt metal bearing bush; and performing final finish machining on the welded babbitt metal bearing bush according to requirements, and performing conventional quality detection to meet the standard.
Example 2
This example refers to the preparation of example 1, with the only difference that:
in the step (2), after assembly, 2000N of pressure is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, and 380V and 10A of direct current are applied;
the linear speed of rotation of the bearing bush is 0.2 m/min.
Example 3
This example refers to the preparation of example 1, with the only difference that:
in the step (2), after assembly, 3000N of pressure is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, and 380V and 20A of direct current are applied;
the linear speed of rotation of the bearing bush is 0.5 m/min.
According to the invention, the babbitt metal ingot is directly arranged in the inner cavity of the bearing bush through the second electrode, a gap exists between the babbitt metal ingot and the inner surface of the bearing bush, the temperature at the gap is rapidly increased firstly according to Joule's law, so that the contact position of the ingot and the inner surface of the bearing bush is melted to the inner surface of the bearing bush, and welding is realized after cooling; the Babbitt metal cast ingot and the like do not need to be pre-melted, so that the energy consumption caused by the traditional integral heating is reduced, and the energy is saved. And the temperature at the gap is increased rapidly, and the manufacturing efficiency of the babbitt metal bearing bush is high.
Examples of the experiments
In order to comparatively illustrate the quality of the weld joint interface of the babbitt metal bearing shell prepared by different embodiments of the invention, the weld joint quality of the babbitt metal bearing shell of different embodiments is tested, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 weld quality test results for different babbitt metal bearing shells
Numbering Bonding strength of babbit metal and bearing bush
Example 1 51MPa
Example 2 40MPa
Example 3 42MPa
The babbitt metal of the babbitt metal bearing bush of the embodiment 1 is well combined with the interface of the bearing bush, and the welding efficiency is high; the interface bonding of the babbitt metal bearing bush of the embodiment 2 is poorer than that of the embodiment 1, and the welding efficiency is low; the babbitt metal of the babbitt metal bearing shell of the embodiment 3 has the problems of oxidation, coarse interface grains and high welding efficiency.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. The method for rapidly manufacturing the babbitt metal bearing bush is characterized in that the equipment for implementing the method comprises a frame, a rotating unit, an electrode unit and a power supply unit;
the rotating unit comprises two rotating shafts arranged in parallel in the rack, each rotating shaft is sleeved with at least one roller, and the rollers are tangent to the outer surface of the bearing bush and drive the bearing bush to rotate along the circumferential direction;
the electrode unit comprises a first electrode and a second electrode which are electrically connected through the power supply unit; the first electrode is in fit contact with the arc-shaped surface of the outer surface of the bearing bush, and the second electrode is arranged in the inner cavity of the bearing bush and is opposite to the first electrode;
the method comprises the following steps:
(a) the babbitt metal cast ingot is arranged in the inner cavity of the bearing bush, and the second electrode, the babbitt metal cast ingot, the bearing bush and the first electrode are matched and attached to enable the babbitt metal cast ingot to contact and abut against the inner surface of the bearing bush; a gap is formed between the babbitt metal cast ingot and the inner surface of the bearing bush;
(b) and applying pressure between the first electrode and the second electrode and electrifying direct current, wherein the bearing bush rotates along the circumferential direction.
2. The method for rapidly manufacturing a babbitt metal bearing shell according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a clamping unit, the clamping unit comprises a driving cylinder and a clamping arm connected with the driving rod, and the second electrode is arranged at the end of the clamping arm.
3. The method for rapidly manufacturing the babbitt metal bearing shell according to claim 2, wherein a support pad is arranged between the clamping arm and the second electrode.
4. The method for rapidly manufacturing babbitt metal bearing shells according to claim 1, wherein said first electrode is connected to said frame by a connecting member.
5. The method for rapidly manufacturing the babbitt metal bearing shell according to claim 1, wherein the second electrode is provided with a clamping groove.
6. The method for rapidly manufacturing babbitt metal bearing shells according to claim 1, wherein the length of the first electrode and the second electrode in the axial direction of the bearing shell is greater than or equal to the axial length of the bearing shell.
7. The method for rapidly manufacturing the babbitt metal bearing shell according to claim 3, wherein the driving cylinder is a cylinder, and the cylinder is connected to the frame through a bracket.
8. The method for rapidly manufacturing babbitt metal bearing shells according to claim 7, wherein the apparatus further comprises a solenoid valve and a pressure controller, wherein the solenoid valve is connected with the pressure controller and the air cylinder respectively.
9. The method for rapid manufacturing of babbitt metal bearing shells according to claim 8, wherein said pressure controller is built into said support pad.
10. The method for rapidly manufacturing babbitt metal bearing shells according to claim 8, wherein said rotating unit further comprises a driving motor, and said driving motor drives said rotating shaft to rotate.
11. The method for rapidly manufacturing babbitt metal bearing shells according to claim 10, wherein the apparatus further comprises a controller electrically connected to the power supply unit, the driving motor, the solenoid valve and the pressure controller, respectively.
12. The method for rapidly manufacturing the babbitt metal bearing shell according to claim 1, wherein the pressure is not less than 2000N.
13. The method for rapidly manufacturing babbitt metal bearing shells according to claim 12, wherein said pressure is less than or equal to 3000N.
14. The method for rapidly manufacturing the babbitt metal bearing shell according to any one of claims 1 or 12 to 13, wherein the voltage of the direct current is 380 ± 10V, and the current of the direct current is 10 to 20A.
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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5573457A (en) * 1978-11-28 1980-06-03 Komatsu Ltd Forming method of bearing material layer of rolling ring
US4435448A (en) * 1983-04-21 1984-03-06 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Method for manufacturing babbitted bearings
JPH0293114A (en) * 1988-09-29 1990-04-03 Toyota Motor Corp Manufacture of connecting rod
CN109202044A (en) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-15 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 A kind of open casting method for centrifugal of large axle bush babbit
CN109759763A (en) * 2019-03-27 2019-05-17 张家港江苏科技大学产业技术研究院 A kind of bearing shell automatic soldering device and method
CN110444981A (en) * 2019-06-18 2019-11-12 宁波海天金属成型设备有限公司 A kind of copper axis connection conductive mechanism
CN111001924A (en) * 2019-12-24 2020-04-14 郑州机械研究所有限公司 Method and equipment for manufacturing babbitt metal bearing bush

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5573457A (en) * 1978-11-28 1980-06-03 Komatsu Ltd Forming method of bearing material layer of rolling ring
US4435448A (en) * 1983-04-21 1984-03-06 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Method for manufacturing babbitted bearings
JPH0293114A (en) * 1988-09-29 1990-04-03 Toyota Motor Corp Manufacture of connecting rod
CN109202044A (en) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-15 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 A kind of open casting method for centrifugal of large axle bush babbit
CN109759763A (en) * 2019-03-27 2019-05-17 张家港江苏科技大学产业技术研究院 A kind of bearing shell automatic soldering device and method
CN110444981A (en) * 2019-06-18 2019-11-12 宁波海天金属成型设备有限公司 A kind of copper axis connection conductive mechanism
CN111001924A (en) * 2019-12-24 2020-04-14 郑州机械研究所有限公司 Method and equipment for manufacturing babbitt metal bearing bush

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