CN105643077B - A kind of spot-welding technology method of Al alloy parts - Google Patents
A kind of spot-welding technology method of Al alloy parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN105643077B CN105643077B CN201610224966.2A CN201610224966A CN105643077B CN 105643077 B CN105643077 B CN 105643077B CN 201610224966 A CN201610224966 A CN 201610224966A CN 105643077 B CN105643077 B CN 105643077B
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- welding
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- welded
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
- B23K11/11—Spot welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/34—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of spot-welding technology methods of Al alloy parts, include the following steps：The Al alloy parts for treating spot welding are pre-processed；Pretreated Al alloy parts are welded under electric current is 15.2KA, pressure is 5.0KN, after welding 120ms；Welding current is adjusted to 25.5KA, welding pressure 4.2KN, workpiece is welded into 430ms under the electric current and pressure；Continue to adjust welding current to 18KA and pressure to 6.7KN, workpiece is welded into 280ms under the electric current and pressure；Soldered workpiece is placed in natural cooling in air.The method of the present invention is in the welding process without splashing, the diameter of nugget can reach 6mm or more after welding, nugget shearing force can reach 0KN~5.4KN, nugget surface hardness can reach 0HV~50HV, there is not obvious impression in welding workpiece surface, and the offset of nugget yet very little (0um~1mm).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of spot-welding technology methods of Al alloy parts, belong to welding technology field.
Background technique
Aluminium element is very active, is easily created oxidation film in aluminum alloy material surface, this layer of oxidation film dense structure,
Fusing point is high, electric conductivity is very poor, is easy to produce splash and splashes, and is easy to damage personnel.Aluminium and copper alloy are easy shape
At low melting point (547 DEG C) eutectic object, and the resistivity ratio of this Low melting point eutectic is larger, biggish quantity of heat production on contact surface
Make to generate local melting on electrode and work piece interface, and more violent eutectic reaction occurs, so that there is electrode and workpiece
Adhesion, be degrading the surface quality of solder joint.2. local melting, splashing and electrode and workpiece on electrode and work piece interface
Adhesion destroys the continuity of electrode surface.The discontinuity of electrode surface has stronger random during series spot welding
Property, this makes the contact condition between electrode and workpiece and between workpiece very unstable.In addition, by workpieces surface condition, electrode pressure,
The influence of the factors such as welding current, nugget size fluctuation is larger in series spot welding.3. the fusing amount of aluminium alloy metal in spot welding
Less, the defect analysis of aluminium alloy resistance spot welding pad surface is again bigger with process optimization thermal coefficient, so the cooling of nugget
Speed is very fast, and defect is also easy to produce inside nugget.4. nugget offset also often occurs in aluminium alloy resistance spot welding, different-thickness
When with different materials spot welding, nugget is not symmetrical with binding face, and to slab or conduction, poor thermal conductivity weldment in deviate,
As a result its size on binding face is made to be less than the nugget size.Therefore a kind of new welding process method of Al alloy parts
It develops necessary.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention：Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of spot-welding technology method of Al alloy parts,
This method is in the welding process without splashing, and nugget size can reach 6mm or more.
Summary of the invention：In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows：
A kind of spot-welding technology method of Al alloy parts, including following operating method：
Step 1, the Al alloy parts for treating spot welding are pre-processed；
Step 2, pretreated Al alloy parts are welded under electric current is 15.2KA, pressure is 5.0KN, is welded
After 120ms；Welding current is adjusted to 25.5KA, welding pressure 4.2KN, workpiece is welded under the electric current and pressure
430ms；Continue to adjust welding current to 18KA and pressure to 6.7KN, workpiece is welded to 280ms under the electric current and pressure is
It can；
Step 3, soldered workpiece is placed in natural cooling in air.
Wherein, in step 1, the specific operating procedure of pretreatment is：Welded workpiece is placed in aqueous slkali first
It impregnates, is cleaned after immersion；Welded workpiece is placed in acid solution again and is impregnated, is cleaned after immersion；Again by welded workpiece finally
It is placed in progress brightening processing in acid solution, being cleaned and dried after brightening processing can be spare.
Wherein, the aqueous slkali is sodium hydroxide solution, the mass percentage concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 5%~
10%.
Wherein, the acid solution is nitric acid solution, and the mass percentage concentration of the nitric acid solution is 15%.
Wherein, the drying temperature is 75 DEG C.
Beneficial effect：Compared with the prior art, Al alloy parts spot-welding technology method of the invention in the welding process without
It splashes, the diameter of nugget can reach 6mm or more after welding, and shearing force can reach 0KN~5.4KN, the hardness (surface of nugget
Hardness) can reach 0HV~50HV, there is not obvious impression in welding workpiece surface, and the offset of nugget also very little (0um~
1mm)。
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the technological parameter figure of Al alloy parts spot-welding technology method of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, technical solution of the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the spot-welding technology method of Al alloy parts of the present invention, including following operating method：
Step 1, the Al alloy parts for treating spot welding are pre-processed：Since there is oxidation film on Al alloy parts surface,
It needs to pre-process Al alloy parts：
First by welded workpiece be placed in mass percentage concentration be 5%~10% sodium hydroxide solution in impregnate 30~
60s is deoiled and is rinsed；Welded workpiece is placed in the nitric acid solution that mass percentage concentration is 15% again and is corroded
2min can also carry out purification process while corrosion, purify to slow down the growth rate of new film and fill new membrane pores
Agent is that potassium bichromate or dichromic acid are received；Finally welded workpiece is placed in the nitric acid solution that mass percentage concentration is 15% and is carried out
Brightening processing carries out cleaning and the drying in the hothouse that temperature is 75 DEG C to workpiece after brightening processing, is dried up with hot-air；In advance
Treated workpiece, should weld in 72 hours；
Step 2, pretreated Al alloy parts are welded under electric current is 15.2KA, pressure is 5.0KN, is welded
After 120ms；Welding current is adjusted to 25.5KA, welding pressure 4.2KN, workpiece is welded under the electric current and pressure
430ms；Continue to adjust welding current to 18KA and pressure to 6.7KN, workpiece is welded to 280ms under the electric current and pressure is
It can；
Step 3, soldered workpiece is placed in natural cooling in air.
After the completion of workpiece pretreatment, workpiece to be welded is placed on fixture and clamping workpiece of ventilating, inspection workpiece are
No clamping in place, clamps in place the robot of starting afterwards and implements welding, open fixture after the completion of welding and remove workpiece.
The spot-welding technology method of Al alloy parts of the present invention is particularly suitable for the Al alloy parts of following three kinds of plate thickness：1.5mm+
1.5mm, 1.5mm+1.5mm+2mm, 1.5mm+1.5mm+1.5mm, Al alloy parts spot-welding technology method of the invention are being welded
In the process without splashing, the diameter of nugget can reach 6mm or more after welding, and shearing force (according to PV-6723-DE standard) can reach
0KN~5.4KN, hardness (nugget surface hardness) can reach 0HV~50HV, and obvious impression does not occur in welding workpiece surface, and
The offset of nugget also very little (0um~1mm).
In welding procedure of the present invention welding gun before welding, electric current and voltage in welding process and after the completion of welding
Setting value is as shown in table 1：
Table 1
Pre-pressing stage：Comprising pre- thermocurrent and preload pressure, the main function of pre- thermocurrent is breakdown aluminum alloy surface
Oxidation film (under workpiece material to be welded and the uniform situation of surface film oxide, can not have to the oxidation film on cleaning aluminum alloy surface
Welded), the effect of preload pressure is to ensure that electrode workpiece pressing, reduces gap between workpiece, makes sufficiently to paste between workpiece
It closes；
The welding stage：Comprising welding current and welding pressure, which is the Main Stage to form nugget, is produced by electric current
Nugget is formed under raw resistance heat and suitable welding pressure collective effect；Welding current is that the energy of this kind of welding method comes
Source, and welding pressure is the necessary condition for guaranteeing workpiece contact resistance；
Forge and press heat treatment stages：The stage includes forge pressure and heat treatment electric current, and wherein the effect of forge pressure is pressure
Real nugget prevents welding defect, such as crackle shrinkage cavity；The effect of heat treatment electric current is to carry out tempering to aluminium alloy,
Joint mechanical property is improved, while making molten bath Slow cooling, prevents the welding defects such as fire check.
Obviously, the above embodiment is merely an example for clearly illustrating the present invention, and is not to of the invention
The restriction of embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the art, it can also be made on the basis of the above description
Its various forms of variation or variation.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And these belong to this hair
The obvious changes or variations that bright spirit is extended out are still in the protection scope of this invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of spot-welding technology method of Al alloy parts, it is characterised in that：Including following operating method：
Step 1, the Al alloy parts for treating spot welding are pre-processed：Welded workpiece is placed in aqueous slkali first and is impregnated, is soaked
It is cleaned after bubble；Welded workpiece is placed in acid solution again and impregnates 2min, is cleaned after immersion；After being rinsed with clear water, then use warm water
It cleans up, welded workpiece is also passivated processing while corrosion；Finally welded workpiece is placed in acid solution again
Brightening processing is carried out, being cleaned and dried after brightening processing can be spare；
Wherein, it is to the Al alloy parts of spot welding：1.5mm+1.5mm, 1.5mm+1.5mm+2mm or 1.5mm+1.5mm+1.5mm；
Step 2, pretreated Al alloy parts are welded under electric current is 15.2KA, pressure is 5.0KN, is welded
After 120ms；Welding current is adjusted to 25.5KA, welding pressure 4.2KN, workpiece is welded into 430ms under the electric current and pressure；
Continue to adjust welding current to 18KA and pressure to 6.7KN, workpiece is welded into 280ms under the electric current and pressure；
Step 3, soldered workpiece is placed in natural cooling in air.
2. the spot-welding technology method of Al alloy parts according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 1, the aqueous slkali
For sodium hydroxide solution, the mass percentage concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 5%~10%.
3. the spot-welding technology method of Al alloy parts according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 1, the acid solution
For nitric acid solution, the mass percentage concentration of the nitric acid solution is 15%.
4. the spot-welding technology method of Al alloy parts according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 1, the passivator
One of received for potassium bichromate or dichromic acid.
5. the spot-welding technology method of Al alloy parts according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 1, the dry temperature
Degree is 75 DEG C.
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| WO2018123350A1 (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-07-05 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Resistance spot welding method |
| CN111230275A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-05 | 南京南方联成汽车零部件有限公司 | Strip electrode spot welding process suitable for aluminum steel dissimilar metal |
| CN112548295B (en) * | 2020-12-05 | 2022-11-29 | 钟丽慧 | Automobile aluminum alloy resistance spot welding method |
| CN113385800A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-14 | 天津七所高科技有限公司 | Projection welding method for aluminum alloy balance sheet |
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| CN101073847A (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2007-11-21 | 天津大学 | Aluminum-powder resistance spot welding method for filling titanium-powder tempering nugget strength |
| CN104209646A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2014-12-17 | 上海宝井钢材加工配送有限公司 | Fixed type projection welder and multi-section projection welding method |
| CN104475952A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-04-01 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Electric resistance welding method of symmetrical rib-skin plate welded light metal structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3343394B2 (en) * | 1993-05-24 | 2002-11-11 | 中央精機株式会社 | Upset butt welding method of aluminum alloy |
| JP3862640B2 (en) * | 2002-09-06 | 2006-12-27 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Resistance spot welding method for aluminum-based materials |
| JP5315207B2 (en) * | 2009-10-23 | 2013-10-16 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Dissimilar material joined body and dissimilar material resistance spot welding method |
| CN103692075B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2016-01-20 | 南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Aluminium alloy part resistance spot welding process |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101073847A (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2007-11-21 | 天津大学 | Aluminum-powder resistance spot welding method for filling titanium-powder tempering nugget strength |
| CN104209646A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2014-12-17 | 上海宝井钢材加工配送有限公司 | Fixed type projection welder and multi-section projection welding method |
| CN104475952A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-04-01 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Electric resistance welding method of symmetrical rib-skin plate welded light metal structure |
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