CN111938878A

CN111938878A - Tibia prosthesis

Info

Publication number: CN111938878A
Application number: CN202010888162.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 毕文志
Original assignee: Chinese PLA General Hospital
Current assignee: Chinese PLA General Hospital
Priority date: 2020-08-28
Filing date: 2020-08-28
Publication date: 2020-11-17

Abstract

The invention provides a tibia prosthesis, which belongs to the technical field of medical instruments; the tibia prosthesis comprises a tibia platform support, a first intramedullary entity is arranged on one side of the tibia platform support, a supporting rod is arranged on the other side of the tibia platform support, an extension ring is sleeved on the supporting rod, the end portion of the supporting rod is connected with one end of a tibia section, and a second intramedullary entity is arranged at the other end of the tibia section. Above-mentioned scheme, tibial component has kept the integrality of patient's tibial plateau and knee joint when recovering shin bone length and function, has increased the chance of a long-term revision for the patient, provides good sclerotin basis for the next revision operation that the patient faces in the future, tibial component cooperation has the extension ring of different specifications, can adjust the osteotomy length in the art in a flexible way, can perfect adaptation patient's affected limb.

Description

Tibia prosthesis

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a tibial prosthesis.

Background

The tibia is an important skeleton of a human body, the tibia platform is more important, and the bending, walking, moving and working of the human body are completed by the knee joint formed by the tibia platform. In the face of proximal tibial bone defects (excluding the situation that a tibial plateau is damaged) caused by tumors, comminuted fractures and the like, knee joint replacement is mostly adopted at present, a knee joint (including a femoral condyle and the tibial plateau) and a necrotic tibial diaphysis are cut together when the knee joint replacement is carried out, and then an artificial knee joint prosthesis is implanted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a tibial prosthesis, which aims to solve the problems that the knee joint replacement is adopted to treat tibial bone defects (except the situation that a tibial plateau is damaged), the knee joint (including a femoral condyle and the tibial plateau) of a patient in a healthy state is not reserved, the patient loses the chance of keeping the proximal end of the tibia intact in the future revision surgery, and the knee joint of the patient is unstable after the surgery.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a tibial prosthesis, includes that the tibial plateau holds in the palm, one side that the tibial plateau held in the palm is equipped with first intramedullary entity, and the opposite side is equipped with the bracing piece, the cover is equipped with the extension ring on the bracing piece, the tip of bracing piece links to each other with the one end of shin bone section, the other end of shin bone section is equipped with second intramedullary entity.

The end face of the tibia section is provided with a mounting groove, and the end portion of the supporting rod is inserted into the mounting groove.

The end of the supporting rod is provided with an external thread, and the mounting groove is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread.

The side face of the tibia section is provided with a locking steel plate, and the locking steel plate is provided with a locking screw used for being connected with the tibia far end.

Wherein the locking steel plate is connected with the tibial section through a screw.

The side of shin bone section vertically the equipartition have a plurality ofly with the screw hole of screw looks adaptation, the equipartition has a plurality ofly to be used for on the locking steel sheet the through-hole that the screw passed, just the spacing distance between the through-hole with the spacing distance between the screw hole is unanimous.

The tibia platform support is provided with a threaded through hole, and a locking screw used for being connected with the proximal tibia end is arranged in the threaded through hole.

The periphery of the extension ring is provided with an extension ring grid, and the extension ring grid is of a bone-like trabecula porous structure.

The surface of the first intramedullary solid is provided with intramedullary grids, the end surface of the tibial platform support is provided with extramedullary grids, and the intramedullary grids and the extramedullary grids are of bone trabecula-like porous structures.

Wherein, the surface of tibial plateau holds in the palm is provided with a plurality of suture holes.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

in the scheme, the tibial prosthesis maintains the integrity of a tibial platform and a knee joint of a patient while restoring the length and the function of a tibia, increases the opportunity of one-time long-term revision for the patient, provides a good bone foundation for the next revision surgery of the patient in the future, is matched with extension rings with different specifications, can flexibly adjust the osteotomy length in the surgery, and can perfectly adapt to the affected limb of the patient.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a tibial prosthesis of the present invention.

[ reference numerals ]

1. A tibial plateau tray; 11. an extramedullary mesh; 12. a suture hole; 13. a threaded through hole;

2. a first intramedullary entity; 21. an intramedullary lattice;

3. a support bar; 31. external thread

4. A tibial segment; 41. mounting grooves; 42. a threaded hole;

5. a second intramedullary entity;

6. an extension ring; 61. extending the ring grid;

7. a proximal tibia end;

8. bone grafting sections;

9. a distal tibia end;

10. and locking the steel plate.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a tibial prosthesis, including a tibial plateau support 1, wherein the end surface shape of the tibial plateau support 1 is adapted to the shape of the osteotomy end surface of the proximal tibia, the upper end surface of the tibial plateau support 1 is provided with a columnar first intramedullary solid 2, the first intramedullary solid 2 is inserted into the proximal tibia 7 of a patient, the lower end surface of the tibial plateau support 1 is provided with a support rod 3, the support rod 3 is sleeved with a bone grafting section 8 and an extension ring 6 adapted to the bone grafting section 8, the bottom end of the support rod 3 is connected to the upper end of the tibial section 4, the lower end of the tibial section 4 is provided with a second intramedullary solid 5, the second intramedullary solid 5 is inserted into the medullary cavity of the distal tibia 9 of the patient, the shape of the second intramedullary solid is adapted to the medullary cavity of the distal tibia 9, the second intramedullary solid 5 is provided with 2 to 4 bone cement grooves, after being coated with bone cement, the artificial limb is inserted into the medullary cavity of the distal tibia end 9 and is firmly fixed, so that the artificial limb can be prevented from rotating radially, and the early-stage stability of the artificial limb is ensured.

In this embodiment, the tibial plateau holder 1, the first intramedullary solid 2 and the support rod 3 are an integrated solid structure made of titanium alloy material, so as to ensure the mechanical strength of the prosthesis. The length of the supporting rod 3 is determined according to the osteotomy size of the patient, so that the height of the affected side of the patient is ensured to be consistent with that of the healthy side. The surface of the support rod 3 is provided with a hydroxyapatite coating which is beneficial to the attachment and the growth of the bone grafting section 8 and the long-term stability of the prosthesis.

As shown in fig. 1, the upper end surface of the tibia section 4 is provided with an installation groove 41, and the bottom end portion of the support rod 3 is inserted into the installation groove 41. Wherein, the bottom end of bracing piece 3 is equipped with external screw thread 31, mounting groove 41 is equipped with the internal thread of external screw thread 31 looks adaptation.

In this embodiment, the length of the tibia section 4 is determined according to the osteotomy size of the patient, so that the length of the affected side of the patient is ensured to be consistent with that of the healthy side, the tibia section 4 and the second intramedullary solid 5 are of an integrated structure formed by machining, the material is forged titanium alloy, and the mechanical strength of the prosthesis is ensured.

As shown in fig. 1, a locking steel plate 10 is provided on the lateral surface of the tibia segment 4, and a locking screw for connecting with the tibia distal end 9 is provided on the locking steel plate 10.

Wherein the locking steel plate 10 is connected with the tibial segment 4 by screws. The side of shin bone section 4 vertically the equipartition have a plurality ofly with screw hole 42 of screw looks adaptation, the equipartition has a plurality ofly to be used for on the locking steel sheet 10 the through-hole that the screw passed, just the spacing distance between the through-hole with the spacing distance between the screw hole 42 is unanimous.

In this embodiment, the shape of the locking steel plate 10 is matched with the shape of the tibia far end 9, one end of the locking steel plate 10 is fixed to the tibia section 2 through a screw, and the other end of the locking steel plate is fixed to the tibia far end 9 through a locking screw, so that the tibia section 2 is fixedly connected with the tibia far end 9, and therefore the early-stage stability of the prosthesis is guaranteed.

As shown in fig. 1, a threaded through hole 13 is formed in the tibial plateau support 1, a locking screw used for being connected with the proximal tibia end 7 is arranged in the threaded through hole 13, a counter bore matched with a screw cap of the locking screw is formed in the threaded through hole 13, the counter bore is in threaded connection with the screw cap of the locking screw, the locking screw can be prevented from being disengaged, and the risk to a human body is reduced.

In this embodiment, extension ring 6 is titanium alloy material, adopts 3D printing technique integrated into one piece, the week side of extension ring 6 is equipped with extension ring net 61, the thickness of extension ring net 61 is 2mm-5mm, for imitative bone trabecula porous structure, does benefit to the bone of bone grafting section 8 and grows into and the bone crawls, does benefit to the long-term stability of prosthesis.

As shown in fig. 1, an intramedullary grid 21 is arranged on the surface of the first intramedullary solid 2, and the intramedullary grid 21 is a 3D printed bone trabecula-like porous structure with a thickness of 1mm-3mm, so as to facilitate bone ingrowth of proximal cancellous bone of tibia. The end face of the tibial platform support 1 is provided with an extramedullary grid 11, the extramedullary grid 11 is of a 3D printing bone trabecula simulating porous structure, and the thickness is 2mm-4 mm. The extramedullary grid 11 on the upper end surface of the tibial plateau support 1 is beneficial to bone ingrowth and bone crawling of the proximal cortex of the tibia, and the extramedullary grid 11 on the lower end surface is beneficial to bone ingrowth and bone crawling of the bone grafting section 8.

As shown in fig. 1, a plurality of suture holes 12 are formed in the surface of the tibial plateau tray 1, so that the suture is conveniently used for fixing soft tissues such as muscles and ligaments in the operation, the joint is stabilized, and the prosthesis is stabilized in the early stage. The diameter of the suture hole 12 is 2.5mm-4mm, which is determined according to the diameter of a curved needle used in an operation, and the radian of the suture hole 12 is a circle with the diameter of 25mm-40mm, which is determined according to the radian of the curved needle used in the operation.

In the scheme, the tibial prosthesis maintains the integrity of a tibial platform and a knee joint of a patient while restoring the length and the function of a tibia, increases the opportunity of one-time long-term revision and provides a good bone foundation for the next revision surgery of the patient in the future; the tibia prosthesis is matched with extension rings with different specifications, so that the osteotomy length can be flexibly adjusted in the operation, and the tibia prosthesis can be perfectly matched with the affected limb of a patient; the tibia platform support and the extension ring of the tibia prosthesis are manufactured based on a 3D printing technology, a bone grafting space is formed between the tibia platform support and the extension ring, a good environment is provided for bone growth by 3D printing of a bone-like trabecular porous structure, and the prosthesis is more stable and firm due to a multi-element reconstruction mode of the prosthesis and a bone grafting section; the tibia prosthesis adopts multiple fixation, and long-term stability of the prosthesis is guaranteed.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a tibial prosthesis, includes that the tibial plateau holds in the palm, its characterized in that, one side that the tibial plateau held in the palm is equipped with first intramedullary entity, and the opposite side is equipped with the bracing piece, the cover is equipped with the extension ring on the bracing piece, the tip of bracing piece links to each other with the one end of shin bone section, the other end of shin bone section is equipped with second intramedullary entity.

2. The tibial prosthesis of claim 1, wherein an installation groove is provided on an end surface of said tibial segment, and an end portion of said strut is inserted in said installation groove.

3. The tibial prosthesis of claim 2, wherein said end of said strut is provided with an external thread and said mounting slot is provided with an internal thread adapted to said external thread.

4. The tibial prosthesis of claim 1, wherein a locking steel plate is provided on a side of said tibial segment, and a locking screw for connection to a distal end of the tibia is provided on said locking steel plate.

5. The tibial prosthesis of claim 4, wherein said locking steel plate is connected to said tibial segment by a screw.

6. The tibial prosthesis of claim 5, wherein the lateral surface of the tibial segment is longitudinally and uniformly provided with a plurality of threaded holes adapted to the screws, the locking steel plate is uniformly provided with a plurality of through holes for the screws to pass through, and the spacing distance between the through holes is consistent with the spacing distance between the threaded holes.

7. The tibial prosthesis of claim 1, wherein said tibial plateau tray has a threaded through-hole therein, said threaded through-hole having a locking screw therein for connection to a proximal end of a tibia.

8. The tibial prosthesis of claim 1, wherein said elongated ring has a lattice of elongated rings disposed around the circumference thereof, said lattice of elongated rings being a trabecular bone-like porous structure.

9. The tibial prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the surface of the first intramedullary solid is provided with an intramedullary grid, the end surface of the tibial plateau is provided with an extramedullary grid, and the intramedullary grid and the extramedullary grid are both trabecular bone-like porous structures.

10. The tibial prosthesis of claim 1, wherein a surface of said tibial plateau tray is provided with a plurality of suture holes.