CN113367846B

CN113367846B - Tibia prosthesis

Info

Publication number: CN113367846B
Application number: CN202110561361.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 于跃
Original assignee: Beijing Lidakang Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Lidakang Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-05-22
Filing date: 2021-05-22
Publication date: 2022-05-27
Anticipated expiration: 2041-05-22
Also published as: CN113367846A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of medical prostheses, in particular to a tibial prosthesis, which has the technical scheme that the tibial prosthesis comprises a near-end prosthesis, an attaching plate arranged on the end face of the near-end prosthesis and a fixing plate arranged on one side of the attaching plate, wherein a first fixing screw is arranged on the outer surface of the fixing plate, and the attaching plate is obliquely arranged relative to the axis of the near-end prosthesis; when the tibia prosthesis is replaced, firstly, a diseased tibia is resected, secondly, the attaching plate is attached to the end face of the reserved bone, and the first fixing screw is screwed into the reserved bone through the fixing plate, so that the connection between the proximal prosthesis and the reserved bone is realized; because the laminating board slope sets up, consequently laminating board is close to the terminal surface that remains the bone and keeps and can produce two kinds of mutually perpendicular's packing force between the terminal surface that the bone is close to laminating board, for simple axial force, the packing force of two kinds of not equidirectionals can further make laminating board produce more calcium deposits, further improves the speed that the tissue engineering bone substitute was constructed promptly to the bone ingrowth has further been promoted.

Description

Tibia prosthesis

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of medical prostheses, in particular to a tibial prosthesis.

Background

The tibia, which is an important weight-bearing bone of the human body, is a main component of the lower limb. The tibialis and subtalar joints serve as important components of the ankle-hindfoot complex and serve the functions of maintaining weight-bearing walking of the lower extremities and maintaining normal ankle mobility.

When the tibia of a human body is subjected to tumor or other lesions, the lesion bone on the tibia is usually removed through an operation, and then the removed lesion bone is replaced by a tibia prosthesis; the tibia prosthesis comprises a near-end prosthesis, an extension section and a medullary cavity extension handle, wherein an attaching plate attached to the end face of the reserved bone is integrally formed on the end face of the near-end prosthesis close to the reserved bone and horizontally arranged, and the attaching plate is made of one of a trabecular bone-like porous structure, a titanium/tantalum spraying coating, a hydroxyapatite coating and the like; a fixing plate which is jointed with the outer surface of the reserved bone is integrally formed on one side of the jointing plate, and the fixing plate and the proximal prosthesis are also integrally formed; when the prosthesis is replaced, the attaching plate is attached to the end face of the reserved bone, the fixing plate is connected with the reserved bone through the fixing screw, the medullary cavity extension handle is inserted into the medullary cavity of the reserved bone, the extension section is placed between the proximal prosthesis and the medullary cavity extension handle, the auxiliary fixing block attached to the outer surface of the reserved bone is arranged on the outer side of the proximal prosthesis, and the fixing screw is used for connecting the auxiliary fixing block with the reserved bone.

In view of the above-mentioned related art solutions, the inventors found that: although the fitting plate adopts a bone trabecula-like porous structure, a titanium/tantalum spraying coating, a hydroxyapatite coating and the like, the fitting plate and the reserved bone are only in a horizontal contact fitting state, and the design leads the problems that the fitting plate and the reserved bone are still subjected to healing failure and bone growth difficulty due to mutual small displacement in the bone healing or interface integration process, and further the postoperative recovery time can be greatly prolonged.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to be used for the lasting pressure that has different directions between the binding plate and the remaining bone, and then promote bone ingrowth, the application provides a tibial prosthesis.

The application provides a shin bone false body adopts following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a tibial prosthesis, includes near-end prosthesis, sets up at the laminating board of near-end prosthesis terminal surface and sets up the fixed plate in laminating board one side, and the fixed plate surface is provided with first set screw, and the laminating board sets up for the axis slope of near-end prosthesis.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the tibia prosthesis is replaced, firstly, the diseased tibia is resected, secondly, the attaching plate is attached to the end face of the reserved bone, and the first fixing screw is screwed into the reserved bone through the fixing plate, so that the connection between the proximal prosthesis and the reserved bone is realized; because the attaching plate is obliquely arranged, two mutually perpendicular pressing forces can be generated between the end face of the attaching plate close to the reserved bone and the end face of the reserved bone close to the attaching plate, and compared with a simple axial force, the pressing forces in two different directions can further enable the attaching plate to generate more calcium deposition, namely, the speed of constructing the tissue engineering bone substitute is further increased, so that the bone growth is further promoted, and meanwhile, the attaching plate and the reserved bone can be connected more firmly at the early stage of the operation, so that the postoperative recovery time is shortened, and the pain of a patient is relieved; meanwhile, as the malignant tumor occurring in the long skeleton of the limbs needs to follow the broad excision principle clinically, in this case, the oblique arrangement of the attaching plate is convenient for keeping as much intact bone as possible, thereby shortening the postoperative recovery time of the patient.

Preferably, a medullary cavity extending handle is arranged at one end of the near-end prosthesis far away from the attaching plate, and an extending section is arranged between the medullary cavity extending handle and the near-end prosthesis; the extension section is detachably connected with the proximal prosthesis; the extension section is detachably connected with the medullary cavity extension handle.

By adopting the technical scheme, after the proximal prosthesis is connected with the reserved bone, the reinforced medullary cavity extension handle is inserted into the medullary cavity of the remaining reserved bone, and then the extension section is connected between the proximal prosthesis and the medullary cavity extension handle, so that the replacement of the tibial prosthesis is realized; the extension section that sets up makes tibial component divide into the three-section, on the one hand for directly placing whole tibial component in the human body, has reduced the injury that the in-process of implanting remains bone and musculature to the human body, and on the other hand because the extension section is the standard component, consequently the extension section has various different specifications, and such design makes tibial component's size can obtain changing to be convenient for to different patients, improved the variety of using greatly.

Preferably, the end surface of the extension section close to the proximal prosthesis is connected with a proximal conical insertion column coaxial with the extension section, and the maximum outer diameter of the proximal conical insertion column is smaller than the outer diameter of the extension section; the end surface of the medullary cavity extending handle close to the extending section is connected with a far-end conical insertion column which is coaxial with the medullary cavity extending handle, and the maximum outer diameter of the far-end conical insertion column is smaller than the outer diameter of the medullary cavity extending handle.

By adopting the technical scheme, the proximal prosthesis is connected with the reserved bone, after the medullary cavity extension handle is inserted into the medullary cavity of the reserved bone, the extension section is driven to move towards the direction close to the conical insertion column at the distal end until the conical insertion column at the distal end is inserted into the conical insertion hole formed in the extension section, and then the proximal conical insertion column is driven to move towards the direction close to the conical insertion hole formed in the proximal prosthesis until the conical insertion column at the proximal end is inserted into the conical insertion hole formed in the proximal prosthesis; the design not only improves the convenience of operation, but also improves the connection strength of the extension section and the proximal prosthesis and the connection strength of the extension section and the medullary cavity extension handle.

Preferably, the end surface of the near-end prosthesis, which is close to the extension section, is connected with a first anti-rotation block, and the end surface of the extension section, which is close to the near-end prosthesis, is provided with a first anti-rotation groove for placing the first anti-rotation block; the end face of the extension section close to the medullary cavity extension handle is connected with a second anti-rotation block, and a second anti-rotation groove for placing the second anti-rotation block is formed in the end face of the medullary cavity extension handle close to the extension section.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, extension section and near-end false body and medullary cavity extension handle realize being connected the back respectively, and first anti-rotation piece will be placed in first anti-rotation groove, and the second is prevented that the piece will be placed in the second anti-rotation groove soon, and such design has reduced near-end false body, extension section and medullary cavity extension handle and has taken place the pivoted possibility, has guaranteed tibial false body's stability, has reduced tibial false body simultaneously to the injury of patient's sclerotin and musculature.

Preferably, the medullary cavity extending handle comprises a first part and a second part which are arranged in sequence along the axis direction of the medullary cavity extending handle; the outer diameter of the second part is gradually reduced along the direction from the approach to the far away from the extension, and the maximum outer diameter of the second part is smaller than that of the first part; the outer peripheral surface of the second part is provided with a cement groove along the axial direction of the second part.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the medullary cavity extension handle is inserted into the medullary cavity of the reserved bone, the insertion hole for inserting the second part is firstly required to be formed in the medullary cavity of the reserved bone, then the second part is driven to be inserted into the insertion hole to be pinched until the end face of the first part close to the second part is attached to the end face of the reserved bone, and then the bone cement is poured into the cement groove, so that the rotation prevention function is realized.

Preferably, the outer circumferential surface of the first portion is provided with an auxiliary groove along the extending direction of the first portion.

By adopting the technical scheme, the auxiliary groove is arranged to play a role in marking, so that the surgical personnel can conveniently obtain the position of the cement groove, and the bone cement can be conveniently poured into the cement groove.

Preferably, the end surface of the medullary cavity extending handle far away from the extending section is provided with an auxiliary positioning hole which is coaxial with the medullary cavity extending handle.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the medullary cavity extending handle is inserted into the medullary cavity of the reserved bone, the middle-placed device is firstly inserted into the end surface of the second part far away from the first part, and then the second part and the middle-placed device are inserted into the medullary cavity of the reserved bone until the end surface of the first part close to the second part is attached to the end surface of the reserved bone; the auxiliary positioning hole is matched with the middle-placed device for use, so that the medullary cavity extension handle can be kept in a centered state in the medullary cavity, and the possibility of inclination of the medullary cavity extension handle in the medullary cavity is reduced.

Preferably, the proximal prosthesis is provided with a first suture through hole.

By adopting the technical scheme, the patellar ligament can be conveniently attached to the proximal prosthesis through the arranged first suture through hole, so that postoperative recovery is facilitated.

Preferably, the proximal prosthesis is provided with a second suture through hole.

By adopting the technical scheme, the provided second suture hole is convenient for attaching the medial collateral ligament to the proximal prosthesis, thereby facilitating postoperative recovery.

Preferably, the end face of the proximal prosthesis is provided with an auxiliary fitting plate; an auxiliary fixing block is integrally formed on one side of the auxiliary attaching plate, and the auxiliary fixing block is provided with a surface corresponding to the outline of the reserved bone; the outer surface of the auxiliary fixing block, which is far away from the proximal prosthesis, is provided with a connecting screw extending into the proximal prosthesis and a second fixing screw penetrating through the auxiliary fixing block.

By adopting the technical scheme, after the extension section is connected with the near-end prosthesis and the medullary cavity extension handle, the auxiliary attaching plate is attached to the end surface of the reserved bone, the connecting screw is screwed into the near-end prosthesis through the auxiliary fixing block, and the second fixing screw is screwed into the reserved bone through the auxiliary fixing block, so that the connecting strength and the stability of the reserved bone and the near-end prosthesis are improved; because the auxiliary fixing block is detachably connected with the reserved bone, the arranged auxiliary fixing block also reduces the possibility of interference when the proximal prosthesis is installed with the reserved bone.

In summary, the present application has the following technical effects:

1. because the attaching plate is obliquely arranged, two mutually perpendicular pressing forces can be generated between the end face of the attaching plate close to the reserved bone and the end face of the reserved bone close to the attaching plate, and compared with a simple axial force, the pressing forces in two different directions can further enable the attaching plate to generate more calcium deposition, namely, the speed of constructing the tissue engineering bone substitute is further increased, so that the bone growth is further promoted, and meanwhile, the attaching plate and the reserved bone can be connected more firmly at the early stage of the operation, so that the postoperative recovery time is shortened, and the pain of a patient is relieved; meanwhile, as the malignant tumor occurring in the long skeleton of the limbs needs to follow the broad excision principle clinically, in this case, the oblique arrangement of the attaching plate is convenient for keeping as much intact bone as possible, thereby shortening the postoperative recovery time of the patient;

2. the extension section is arranged to divide the tibial prosthesis into three sections, so that on one hand, compared with the situation that the whole tibial prosthesis is directly placed in a human body, the damage to reserved bones and muscle tissues of the human body in the implantation process is reduced, on the other hand, the extension section has various specifications because the extension section is a standard part, and the size of the tibial prosthesis can be changed by the design, so that the tibial prosthesis is convenient to aim at different patients, and the use diversity is greatly improved;

3. the proximal prosthesis is connected with the reserved bone, after the medullary cavity extension handle is inserted into the medullary cavity of the reserved bone, the extension section is driven to move towards the direction close to the distal conical insertion column at first until the distal conical insertion column is inserted into the conical insertion hole formed in the extension section, and then the proximal conical insertion column is driven to move towards the direction close to the conical insertion hole formed in the proximal prosthesis until the proximal conical insertion column is inserted into the conical insertion hole formed in the proximal prosthesis; the design not only improves the convenience of operation, but also improves the connection strength of the extension section and the proximal prosthesis and the connection strength of the extension section and the medullary cavity extension handle;

4. after the extension section is connected with the near-end prosthesis and the medullary cavity extension handle, the auxiliary attaching plate is attached to the end face of the reserved bone, the connecting screw is screwed into the near-end prosthesis through the auxiliary fixing block, and the second fixing screw is screwed into the reserved bone through the auxiliary fixing block, so that the connecting strength and the stability of the reserved bone and the near-end prosthesis are improved; because the auxiliary fixing block is detachably connected with the reserved bone, the arranged auxiliary fixing block also reduces the possibility of interference when the proximal prosthesis is installed with the reserved bone.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a tibial prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an auxiliary fixing plate according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a first set screw in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view highlighting a second stitched through hole in an embodiment of the present application;

figure 5 is an exploded view of the embodiment of the present application highlighting the connection of the proximal prosthesis, the extension segment, and the intramedullary canal extension shaft.

In the figures, 1, a proximal prosthesis; 110. a first suture through-hole; 120. a second suture through-hole; 2. an extension section; 21. a first anti-rotation groove; 3. a medullary cavity extension handle; 31. a first portion; 311. a second anti-rotation groove; 312. an auxiliary groove; 32. a second portion; 321. a cement tank; 322. auxiliary positioning holes; 4. attaching a plate; 5. a fixing plate; 6. a first set screw; 61. a first connecting portion; 62. a second connecting portion; 63. fixing a nut; 64. a chip groove; 7. an auxiliary attaching plate; 8. an auxiliary fixing block; 9. a second set screw; 10. a connecting screw; 11. a proximal tapered bayonet post; 12. a distal tapered plug post; 13. a first anti-rotation block; 14. and a second anti-rotation block.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, the present application provides a tibial prosthesis, which includes a proximal prosthesis 1, an extension segment 2 and a medullary cavity extension stem 3, which are sequentially arranged along an extension direction of the tibial prosthesis; the extension section 2 is detachably connected with the proximal prosthesis 1, and the extension section 2 is detachably connected with the medullary cavity extension handle 3; wherein, the end surface of the near-end prosthesis 1 close to the reserved bone is integrally formed with an attaching plate 4 attached to the end surface of the reserved bone, and the material of the attaching plate 4 is one of a trabecular bone-like porous structure, a titanium/tantalum spraying coating, a hydroxyapatite coating and the like; a fixing plate 5 corresponding to the outer surface of the reserved bone is integrally formed on one side of the attaching plate 4, a plurality of first fixing screws 6 penetrating through the fixing plate 5 and screwed into positions where more bone is reserved in the reserved bone are arranged on the outer surface of the fixing plate 5, and in the embodiment of the application, three first fixing screws 6 are arranged; the attachment plate 4 is arranged obliquely relative to the axis of the proximal prosthesis 1; in the embodiment of the present application, the abutting plate 4 is disposed obliquely in a direction from a direction away from the fixing plate 5 to a direction of the fixing plate 5 approaching the end face of the proximal prosthesis 1, but in other examples, the abutting plate 4 may also be disposed obliquely in other directions; the end face, close to the reserved bone, of the proximal prosthesis 1 is provided with an auxiliary attaching plate 7 attached to the end face of the reserved bone, the material of the auxiliary attaching plate 7 is the same as that of the attaching plate 4, and the surface formed by the auxiliary attaching plate 7 and the attaching plate 4 is the same as that of the end face of the reserved bone; one side integrated into one piece of supplementary rigging board 7 has and keeps the corresponding supplementary fixed block 8 of bone surface, supplementary fixed block 8 and supplementary rigging board 7 with keep the bone for dismantling to be connected.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the outer surface of the auxiliary fixing block 8 is provided with a plurality of second fixing screws 9 which penetrate through the auxiliary fixing block 8 and are screwed into positions where more bone is reserved in the bone, and in the embodiment of the present application, two second fixing screws 9 are provided; the outer surface of the auxiliary fixing block 8 is further provided with a plurality of connecting screws 10 which penetrate through the auxiliary fixing block 8 and are screwed into the proximal prosthesis 1, and in the embodiment of the present application, two connecting screws 10 are provided.

When the tibial prosthesis is replaced, firstly, a diseased tibia is removed through an operation, secondly, the attaching plate 4 is attached to the end face of a reserved bone, the first fixing screw 6 is screwed into the reserved bone through the fixing plate 5, then, a jack for inserting the medullary cavity extension handle 3 is formed in the medullary cavity of the reserved bone, the medullary cavity extension handle 3 is inserted into the jack, then, the extension section 2 is connected between the proximal prosthesis 1 and the medullary cavity extension handle 3, finally, the connecting screw 10 is screwed into the proximal prosthesis 1 through the auxiliary fixing block 8, and the second fixing screw 9 is screwed into a position where much bone is reserved in the bone through the auxiliary fixing block 8; because the attaching plate 4 is obliquely arranged, two mutually perpendicular pressing forces can be generated between the end face of the attaching plate 4 close to the reserved bone and the end face of the reserved bone close to the attaching plate 4, and compared with a simple axial force, the pressing forces in two different directions can further enable the attaching plate 4 to generate more calcium deposition, namely, the speed of constructing the tissue engineering bone substitute is further improved, so that the bone growth is further facilitated, and meanwhile, the attaching plate 4 and the reserved bone can be connected more firmly in the early stage after the operation, the recovery time after the operation is further shortened, and the pain of a patient is relieved; meanwhile, as the malignant tumor occurring in the long skeleton of the limbs needs to follow the broad excision principle clinically, in this case, the attaching plate 4 is obliquely arranged, so that as much intact bone as possible can be reserved, and the postoperative recovery time of the patient can be shortened.

Because the attachment plate 4 is obliquely arranged, the attachment plate 4 tends to separate from the remaining bones, and the arranged fixing plate 5 can ensure the stable connection of the remaining bones and the proximal prosthesis 1 and the stable connection of the attachment plate 4 and the remaining bones; the arranged auxiliary fixing block 8 not only can further ensure the stable connection between the reserved bone and the near-end prosthesis 1 and the stable connection between the auxiliary attaching plate 7 and the reserved bone, but also reduces the possibility of interference when the near-end prosthesis 1 and the reserved bone are installed because the auxiliary fixing block 8 is detachably connected with the reserved bone; the arranged connecting screw 10 improves the connecting strength of the auxiliary fixing block 8 and the proximal prosthesis 1, and further improves the connecting strength and stability of the auxiliary fixing block 8 and the reserved bone; extension section 2 that sets up makes tibial component divide into the three-section, on the one hand for directly placing whole tibial component in the human body, has reduced the injury that the in-process remains bone and musculature to the human body of implanting, on the other hand because extension section 2 is the standard component, consequently extension section 2 has various different specifications, and such design makes tibial component's size can obtain changing to be convenient for to different patients, improved the variety of using greatly.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the first set screw 6 and the second set screw 9 are identical; the first fixing screw 6 includes a first connecting portion 61 screwed into the remaining bone, a second connecting portion 62 screwed into the fixing plate 5, and a fixing nut 63 connected with the second connecting portion 62, the first connecting portion 61, the second connecting portion 62, and the fixing nut 63 are integrally formed and coaxial, and the outer diameter of the first connecting portion 61 is smaller than that of the second connecting portion 62; the pitch of the thread provided on the outer surface of the first connection portion 61 is greater than the pitch of the thread provided on the outer surface of the second connection portion 62; the outer peripheral surface of one end of the first connecting portion 61 away from the second connecting portion 62 is provided with a chip groove 64.

When the first fixing screw 6 realizes the connection between the fixing plate 5 and the reserved bone, the first connecting part 61 is screwed into the reserved bone, the second connecting part 62 is screwed into the fixing plate 5, and bone fragments generated in the rotating process are discharged outwards through the chip discharge groove 64, so that the first fixing screw 6 is driven to be screwed into the reserved bone; the outer diameter of the first connecting part 61 is smaller than that of the second connecting part 62, so that the injury to the reserved bone is reduced on the premise that the tibial prosthesis and the reserved bone can be stably connected; meanwhile, the thread pitch of the thread arranged on the outer surface of the first connecting part 61 is greater than that of the thread arranged on the outer surface of the second connecting part 62, so that when the first fixing screw 6 rotates for a circle, the advancing distance of the first connecting part 61 is greater than the advancing distance of the second connecting part 62, namely, relative displacement can be generated between the first connecting part 61 and the second connecting part 62, thereby improving the pretightening force between the first connecting part 61 and the reserved bone and the pretightening force between the second connecting part 62 and the fixing plate 5, and further improving the connection strength and stability of the tibial prosthesis and the reserved bone.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, in order to attach the patellar ligament to the proximal prosthesis 1, thereby facilitating postoperative recovery, the proximal prosthesis 1 is provided with a plurality of first suture through holes 110, in the embodiment of the present application, two first suture through holes 110 are provided; in order to attach the medial collateral ligament to the proximal prosthesis 1, thereby facilitating the post-operative recovery, the proximal prosthesis 1 is provided with a plurality of second suture through holes 120, in the embodiment of the present application, two second suture through holes 120 are provided.

Referring to fig. 5, the end surface of the extension section 2 close to the proximal prosthesis 1 is fixedly connected with a proximal conical insertion column 11 coaxial with the extension section 2, wherein the outer diameter of the proximal conical insertion column 11 is gradually reduced along the direction from close to the end surface far away from the extension section 2, the maximum outer diameter of the proximal conical insertion column 11 is smaller than the outer diameter of the extension section 2, and a conical insertion hole for inserting the proximal conical insertion column 11 is formed in the end surface of the proximal prosthesis 1 close to the extension section 2; the end face of the medullary cavity extension handle 3 close to the extension section 2 is fixedly connected with a far-end conical insertion column 12 coaxial with the medullary cavity extension handle 3, wherein the outer diameter of the far-end conical insertion column 12 is gradually reduced along the direction from close to the end face far away from the medullary cavity extension handle 3, the maximum outer diameter of the far-end conical insertion column 12 is smaller than the outer diameter of the medullary cavity extension handle 3, and a conical insertion hole for inserting the far-end conical insertion column 12 is formed in the end face of the extension section 2 close to the medullary cavity extension handle 3.

The proximal prosthesis 1 is connected with the reserved bone, after the medullary cavity extension handle 3 is inserted into the medullary cavity of the reserved bone, the extension section 2 is driven to move towards the direction close to the distal conical insertion column 12 at first until the distal conical insertion column 12 is inserted into the conical insertion hole formed in the extension section 2, and then the proximal conical insertion column 11 is driven to move towards the direction close to the conical insertion hole formed in the proximal prosthesis 1 until the proximal conical insertion column 11 is inserted into the conical insertion hole formed in the proximal prosthesis 1; the arrangement of the proximal conical insertion column 11 and the distal conical insertion column 12 not only improves the convenience of the operation, but also improves the connection strength between the extension section 2 and the proximal prosthesis 1 and the connection strength between the extension section 2 and the medullary cavity extension handle 3.

Referring to fig. 5, two first anti-rotation blocks 13 are integrally formed on the end surface of the proximal prosthesis 1 close to the extension section 2, the two first anti-rotation blocks 13 are both arranged on the outer edge of the end surface of the proximal prosthesis 1, the two first anti-rotation blocks 13 are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the proximal prosthesis 1, and a first anti-rotation groove 21 for placing the first anti-rotation block 13 is formed on the end surface of the extension section 2 close to the proximal prosthesis 1; the extension segment 2 is close to the terminal surface integrated into one piece of pulp cavity extension handle 3 has two seconds and prevents revolving block 14, and two seconds are prevented revolving block 14 and are all set up the outward flange at extension segment 2 terminal surface, and two seconds are prevented revolving block 14 and are arranged along the axis symmetry of extension segment 2, and pulp cavity extension handle 3 is close to the terminal surface of extension segment 2 and has been offered the second that supplies the second to prevent revolving block 14 and place and prevent revolving groove 311.

After the extension section 2 is connected with the proximal prosthesis 1 and the medullary cavity extension handle 3 respectively, the first anti-rotation block 13 is placed in the first anti-rotation groove 21, and the second anti-rotation block 14 is placed in the second anti-rotation groove 311, so that the possibility of rotation of the proximal prosthesis 1, the extension section 2 and the medullary cavity extension handle 3 is reduced, the stability of the tibial prosthesis is ensured, and the damage of the tibial prosthesis to the bone and muscle tissues of a patient is reduced.

Referring to fig. 5, the intramedullary canal extension shaft 3 comprises a first portion 31 and a second portion 32 arranged in sequence from proximal to distal to the extension 2, wherein the first portion 31 and the second portion 32 are coaxially arranged and the first portion 31 and the second portion 32 are integrally formed; the outer diameter of the second portion 32 decreases progressively in the direction from closer to further from the extension 2, and the maximum outer diameter of the second portion 32 is smaller than the outer diameter of the first portion 31; the junction of the first portion 31 and the second portion 32 is rounded; a cement groove 321 is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the second portion 32 along the axial direction of the second portion 32, a hemispherical end surface coaxial with the second portion 32 is formed at one end, away from the first portion 31, of the second portion 32, and an auxiliary positioning hole 322 coaxial with the second portion 32 is formed; the outer peripheral surface of the first portion 31 is provided with an auxiliary groove 312 along the axial direction of the first portion 31, and the extending direction of the auxiliary groove 312 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the cement groove 321.

When the medullary cavity extending handle 3 is inserted into the medullary cavity of the reserved bone, the middle-placed device is firstly inserted into the end surface of the second part 32 far away from the first part 31, then the second part 32 and the middle-placed device are inserted into the medullary cavity of the reserved bone until the end surface of the first part 31 close to the second part 32 is jointed with the end surface of the reserved bone, and then the bone cement is poured into the cement groove 321, so that the anti-rotation function is realized; finally, the extension section 2 is connected with the proximal prosthesis 1 and the medullary cavity extension handle 3; the auxiliary positioning hole 322 is matched with the middle-placed device for use, so that the medullary cavity extension handle 3 can be kept in a central state in the medullary cavity, and the possibility of inclination of the medullary cavity extension handle 3 in the medullary cavity is reduced; the auxiliary groove 312 has a marking function, so that the surgical personnel can conveniently obtain the position of the cement groove 321, and the bone cement can be conveniently poured into the cement groove 321; the joint of the first part 31 and the second part 32 is rounded, and the end of the second part 32 far away from the first part 31 is formed with a hemispherical end surface which is coaxial with the second part 32, so that the damage of the medullary cavity extending handle 3 to the bone and muscle tissues of a patient is reduced.

To sum up, the application process of this application is: when the tibial prosthesis is replaced, firstly, the diseased tibia is removed through an operation, then the attaching plate 4 is attached to the end surface of the reserved bone, and the first fixing screw 6 is screwed into the reserved bone through the fixing plate 5; then the mid-placement device is inserted into the end surface of the second part 32 far away from the first part 31, and the second part 32 and the mid-placement device are inserted into the medullary cavity of the reserved bone until the end surface of the first part 31 close to the second part 32 is jointed with the end surface of the reserved bone, and simultaneously the bone cement is poured into the cement groove 321; then, the extension section 2 is driven to move towards the direction close to the distal conical insertion column 12 until the distal conical insertion column 12 is inserted into the conical insertion hole formed in the extension section 2, and the proximal conical insertion column 11 is driven to move towards the direction close to the conical insertion hole formed in the proximal prosthesis 1 until the proximal conical insertion column 11 is inserted into the conical insertion hole formed in the proximal prosthesis 1; and finally, the auxiliary attaching plate 7 is attached to the end face of the reserved bone, the connecting screw 10 is screwed into the proximal prosthesis 1 through the auxiliary fixing block 8, and the second fixing screw 9 is screwed into the reserved bone through the auxiliary fixing block 8.

The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a tibial prosthesis, includes near-end prosthesis (1), sets up at attaching plate (4) of near-end prosthesis (1) terminal surface and sets up at fixed plate (5) of attaching plate (4) one side, and fixed plate (5) surface is provided with first set screw (6), its characterized in that: the attaching plate (4) is obliquely arranged along the direction from far away to close to the fixing plate (5) to the direction of the fixing plate (5) close to the end face of the near-end prosthesis (1).

2. The tibial prosthesis of claim 1, wherein: a medullary cavity extending handle (3) is arranged at one end of the near-end prosthesis (1) far away from the attaching plate (4), and an extending section (2) is arranged between the medullary cavity extending handle (3) and the near-end prosthesis (1); the extension section (2) is detachably connected with the proximal prosthesis (1); the extension section (2) is detachably connected with the medullary cavity extension handle (3).

3. The tibial prosthesis of claim 2, wherein: the end surface of the extension section (2) close to the proximal prosthesis (1) is connected with a proximal conical insertion column (11) coaxial with the extension section (2), and the maximum outer diameter of the proximal conical insertion column (11) is smaller than the outer diameter of the extension section (2); the end surface of the medullary cavity extending handle (3) close to the extending section (2) is connected with a far-end conical insertion column (12) which is coaxial with the medullary cavity extending handle (3), and the maximum outer diameter of the far-end conical insertion column (12) is smaller than the outer diameter of the medullary cavity extending handle (3).

4. The tibial prosthesis of claim 2, wherein: the end surface of the near-end prosthesis (1) close to the extension section (2) is connected with a first anti-rotation block (13), and the end surface of the extension section (2) close to the near-end prosthesis (1) is provided with a first anti-rotation groove (21) for placing the first anti-rotation block (13); the end face of the extension section (2) close to the medullary cavity extension handle (3) is connected with a second anti-rotation block (14), and the end face of the medullary cavity extension handle (3) close to the extension section (2) is provided with a second anti-rotation groove (311) for the second anti-rotation block (14) to be placed.

5. The tibial prosthesis of claim 2, wherein: the medullary cavity extending handle (3) comprises a first part (31) and a second part (32) which are sequentially arranged along the axis direction of the medullary cavity extending handle (3); the outer diameter of the second part (32) is gradually reduced along the direction from the approach to the far away from the extension section (2), and the maximum outer diameter of the second part (32) is smaller than that of the first part (31); the outer peripheral surface of the second part (32) is provided with a cement groove (321) along the axial direction of the second part (32).

6. The tibial prosthesis of claim 5, wherein: the outer peripheral surface of the first portion (31) is provided with an auxiliary groove (312) along the extending direction of the first portion (31).

7. The tibial prosthesis of claim 2, wherein: the end surface of the medullary cavity extending handle (3) far away from the extending section (2) is provided with an auxiliary positioning hole (322) which is coaxial with the medullary cavity extending handle (3).

8. The tibial prosthesis of claim 1, wherein: the proximal prosthesis (1) is provided with a first suture through hole (110).

9. The tibial prosthesis of claim 1, wherein: the proximal prosthesis (1) is provided with a second suture through hole (120).

10. The tibial prosthesis of claim 1, wherein: an auxiliary attaching plate (7) is arranged on the end face of the near-end prosthesis (1); an auxiliary fixing block (8) is integrally formed on one side of the auxiliary attaching plate (7), and the auxiliary fixing block (8) is provided with a surface corresponding to the outer contour of the reserved bone; the outer surface of the auxiliary fixing block (8) far away from the near-end prosthesis (1) is provided with a connecting screw (10) extending into the near-end prosthesis (1) and a second fixing screw (9) penetrating through the auxiliary fixing block (8).