CN111937761A - A raise device for studying smoking influences mouse sign - Google Patents
A raise device for studying smoking influences mouse sign Download PDFInfo
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- CN111937761A CN111937761A CN202010918240.5A CN202010918240A CN111937761A CN 111937761 A CN111937761 A CN 111937761A CN 202010918240 A CN202010918240 A CN 202010918240A CN 111937761 A CN111937761 A CN 111937761A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/02—Pigsties; Dog-kennels; Rabbit-hutches or the like
- A01K1/03—Housing for domestic or laboratory animals
- A01K1/031—Cages for laboratory animals; Cages for measuring metabolism of animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/0005—Stable partitions
- A01K1/0017—Gates, doors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/0047—Air-conditioning, e.g. ventilation, of animal housings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical experimental devices, and particularly relates to a feeding device for researching the influence of smoking on the physical signs of a mouse. Through the research on the influence of smoking on the physical signs of the mice, the harm of passive smoking on the life activities of animals and even human bodies can be further known according to the experimental results. Passive smoking can lead to the weakening of the body function of mice and has certain negative effects on the functions of respiratory, nervous, reproductive and other systems. The feeding device is composed of a plurality of repeatedly arranged breeding box monomers, and the structures of the breeding box monomers are the same; the breeding box monomer is in a flat square box shape and is made of transparent materials. The breeding box single body is convenient to control, adjust and expand the breeding scale; the ventilation device can be used for sending smoke and exhausting air into the single body; the water circulation device can control the temperature and the humidity of a mouse room; the isolation door divides the monomer into the operation room and raises the room, makes things convenient for the experimenter to control the mouse process of raising, and two are raised between the single can enough intercommunicate, again can be mutually independent, and maneuverability is strong.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical experimental devices, and particularly relates to a feeding device for researching the influence of smoking on the physical signs of a mouse.
Background
At present, the number of smokers reaches 11 hundred million worldwide, and smoking has been shown to increase the risk of heart failure in people without cardiovascular disease, and about five million people lose life each year are smoking, and passive smokers are not few. The burning location of a cigarette is the cigarette, which contains many chemicals, most notably hay, and many additives, all of which are chemically processed. In active smoking, the cigarette is ignited, releasing an aerosol that consists of four thousand chemicals.
It is emphasized that there are many toxic substances, which are composed of many carcinogenic substances. Tobacco smoke contains 95% of gas and some particles, and is made up of various additives, tobacco, paper and other various organic substances through high-temp. Such smoke contains various toxic components that may or may trigger structural inflammation, cancer and other risks to health. Smoking is harmful to the health of smokers, and nicotine in cigarettes is a main substance for promoting addiction of smokers. Most believe that only active smokers seem to be affected in their physical health, but they ignore the effects that can affect human health in another way: passive smoking.
When a passive smoker smokes a cigarette, the cigarette is in a smoke environment, which mainly refers to a gas, and the composition of the gas is roughly divided into two kinds, which are called mixed gas and dispersed in the air, and the mixed gas can be inhaled into the human body. The mixed gas comprises smoke exhaled by a person and sidestream smoke, and the sidestream smoke is formed by incomplete combustion of tobacco. There are studies that have shown that smoke produced by cigarettes is divided into two types, one being mainstream smoke and one being sidestream smoke. In terms of the inhalation mode, the former is actively inhaled by people, and the latter is passively inhaled by people; in terms of content, the former accounts for 10% of the total smoke amount, and the latter accounts for 90% of the total smoke amount; the former, by its origin, comes directly from the combustion of the chemicals etc. in the cigarette, while the latter comes from the fumes dispersed in the air, which are not inhaled by the person.
When a person smokes, the concentration of the mainstream smoke in the smoke entering the human body is far higher than the sum of the concentration of the smoke exhaled by the person and the concentration of the sidestream smoke, and the property of the mainstream smoke is between the former and the latter. In either case, when smoke is drawn into a person's body, it passes through the small airways and alveoli of their lungs. It is emphasized that some components of the smoke, such as carbon monoxide, enter the circulatory system of the human body and slowly spread throughout the body through various circulatory methods.
In addition, the ingested propineb can directly enter cells of the upper respiratory tract and alveoli of the human body. Because the harmful substances emitted from the smoke can have harmful effects on nervous tissues to cause neuron damage, if the smoke is still in the smoke environment for a long time, the harmful substances in the smoke can cause serious damage to the brain of a human body to accelerate atrophy and degeneration of the brain, and further cause damage to learning and memory functions.
Through the research on the influence of smoking on the physical signs of the mice, the harm of passive smoking on the life activities of animals and even human bodies can be further known according to the experimental results. Passive smoking can lead to the weakening of the body function of mice and has certain negative effects on the functions of respiratory, nervous, reproductive and other systems. The effect of passive smoking on female mouse body function as well as on offspring mouse body function is studied herein. Setting a passive smoking group and an experimental control group, mating female mice of the smoking group with healthy male mice in cages by adopting an in-vivo experiment and egg cell in-vitro culture observation method, and detecting related indexes such as birth number, weight and the like of offspring mice.
The research result shows that the water intake and the food intake of the mice under passive smoking are slightly reduced, the weight of the mice is reduced during passive smoking, the quality and the survival rate of the oocytes and the pregnancy rate of the mice are reduced, and the release rate of the first polar body is also obviously reduced. Passive smoking also presents a non-trivial problem to humans, especially women and children, causing respiratory diseases. Passive smoking of pregnant women will not only harm their health, but may even affect the health of the next generation.
Passive smoking test design
The 13 mice were divided into three groups, each numbered A, B, C. Group A was the experimental group, which included 5 female mice with passive smoking, group B was 4 female mice of the control group, and group C was 4 normal male mice. Mice in group A were treated for passive smoking for one week, during which time three groups of mice had free access to water. 2 cigarettes are taken every day in four days before a week, the cigarettes are manually spitted through a suction pipe every afternoon, and the manufactured smoke environment comprises mixed gas formed by air in the passive smoking box and the manually spitted smoke and lasts for 24 hours all the time. The amount of the smoke is increased from the fourth day to 4 cigarettes each day. All conditions and environments of mice in groups B and C were kept the same as those in the experimental group except that no smoke was introduced.
After one week, the experimental group stops passive smoking treatment, and 5 passive smoking female mice in the group A and 2 non-smoking male mice in the group C are placed in a cage, which is numbered as A + experimental group; then, 4 female mice without smoking in group B and 2 male mice without smoking in group C are placed in a cage, and the number of the female mice is B + control group.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a feeding device for researching the influence of smoking on the physical signs of a mouse, which is provided with an artificial smoke control device, so that the mouse in the feeding device is in a controllable smoke environment, and meanwhile, the feeding device is convenient for experimenters to normally feed and manage the mouse.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a raise device for studying smoking influences mouse sign which characterized in that:
the feeding device is composed of a plurality of repeatedly arranged breeding box monomers, and the structures of the breeding box monomers are the same;
the breeding box monomer is in a flat square box shape and is made of transparent materials;
the box-keeping units comprise two unit side walls, a unit top wall, a unit bottom wall and two unit end walls, the unit side walls, the unit top wall, the unit bottom wall and the unit end walls are spliced and enclosed into a flat square box shape, the unit side walls are located on the spliced contact surface of the two adjacent box-keeping units, and the unit end walls face outwards;
an operation room, a feeding room and an isolation door are arranged in the breeding box unit, and the isolation door is horizontally arranged in the middle of the breeding box unit;
the upper part of the isolation door is an operation room, and the lower part is a feeding room;
the operation room is used for a user to operate the objects in the breeding box monomer;
the feeding room is used for arranging mice for feeding experiments;
the inside of the box-keeping monomer is provided with an isolation portal frame, and two ends of the isolation portal frame are fixed on the two monomer side walls of the box-keeping monomer;
a feeding partition plate is arranged at the bottom of the isolation portal frame, extends downwards, and a gap is reserved between the bottom end of the feeding partition plate and the bottom wall of the single body;
the feeding partition plate divides the feeding room into two feeding single rooms;
the two isolation doors are respectively hinged on two sides of the isolation door frame; when the isolation door is in a horizontal state, a door stop is arranged on the end wall of the single body and at a position corresponding to one side of the isolation door, which is far away from the isolation door frame, and the door stop is used for supporting and limiting the isolation door;
a mouse room is arranged in the breeding single room, a pillar is arranged at the bottom of the mouse room, and two ends of the pillar are respectively fixed at the bottom of the mouse room and the bottom wall of the single body;
a cushion layer is arranged in the rat room and is made of any one of but not limited to wood chips, wood shavings, artificial fibers, vermiculite, cattail and corncobs;
an inverted-angle operating surface is arranged at the intersection joint of at least one side of the top wall of the single body and the end wall of the single body, and an operating opening is formed in the middle of the operating surface;
the breeding box unit is provided with a ventilation device;
the breeding box unit is provided with a water circulation device.
The operation opening is provided with a scroll pipe which is in a horn shape and is made of flexible rubber materials or the like;
the scroll pipe is provided with an opening end, a closed end and a pipe main body;
the open end is assembled and fixed on the operation opening, the closed end is in a flat curled shape, and the pipe main body is gradually reduced, flattened and curled from the open end to the closed end.
The opening end of the worm-shaped pipe is made of hard materials to form a shaping part, the shaping part extends along the pipe main body in the direction of the closed end, and the hardness of the shaping part gradually tends to be the same as that of the pipe main body;
the operation opening is circular, and the distance that the shaping portion extends along the pipe main body to the direction of the closed end is 0.5-1 times of the diameter of the operation opening.
The width of the closed end is 0.8-1.5 times of the diameter of the operation opening.
The isolation door is provided with an elastic sealing strip (not shown in the figure);
the elastic sealing strips are arranged on two sides of the isolating door and one side edge of the isolating door far away from the isolating door frame.
The single top wall is provided with a ventilation frame, the ventilation frame is positioned in the middle of the single top wall and extends downwards along the direction of the isolation door frame, and the distance from the bottom edge of the ventilation frame to the upper edge of the isolation door frame is smaller than the rotation radius of the isolation door.
The ventilation device comprises a ventilation pipe, a switching hose and a wind filtering pipe, wherein the ventilation pipe comprises an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe;
the ventilation pipe extends upwards from the isolation door frame to the top wall of the single body and extends out of the top wall of the single body;
the air filtering pipe is arranged on the lower surface of the isolating door;
the switching hose is made of flexible pipes and communicated with the ventilation pipe and the air filtering pipe;
the air filtering pipe is in a long strip square tube shape, one surface of the air filtering pipe is fixed on the lower surface of the isolation door, and the other surface of the air filtering pipe is provided with round hole-shaped, long hole-shaped or grid-shaped ventilation holes.
The two sets of ventilation devices are arranged and work independently; the two sets of ventilation devices are respectively assembled between the two feeding units and respectively supply air and/or smoke to the two feeding units.
And a magnetic attraction device is arranged on the edge of one side of the door shield and/or the ventilation frame and/or the isolation door, which is far away from the isolation door frame.
The water circulation device comprises a water feeding pipe, a water discharging pipe, a water feeding branch pipe, a water discharging branch pipe and a water distributing valve;
the upper water pipe is arranged in the middle of the outer side of the end wall of each single body, the upper water pipe is provided with a plurality of upper water pipes, each upper water pipe corresponds to one single body of the breeding box, and the upper water pipes extend into the single bodies of the breeding box and are bent downwards;
the lower water pipe is arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the end wall of the single body, the lower water pipe is provided with a plurality of lower water branch pipes, each lower water branch pipe corresponds to one single body of the breeding box, and the lower water branch pipes extend into the single bodies of the breeding box and are close to the bottom wall of the single body;
the water feeding pipe and the water discharging pipe are respectively and oppositely arranged on the end walls of the single bodies at two sides of the box single body;
the upper branched pipe and the lower branched pipe are both provided with a water distribution valve.
The water feeding pipe and/or the water discharging pipe and/or the water feeding branch pipe and/or the water discharging branch pipe are made of hose materials.
The feeding partition plate is provided with a sliding device, the sliding device comprises a sliding chute (not shown in the figure) and an elastic sliding strip (not shown in the figure), the sliding chute is fixed on the side wall of the single body, and the sliding chute extends to the bottom of the side wall of the single body; the elastic sliding strips are fixed on the two side edges and the bottom edge of the feeding clapboard.
Raise baffle and isolation portal looks swing joint, raise the baffle and can go up and down adjusting position to the clearance between baffle and the monomer diapire is raised in the adjustment, the water level in controlling two and raising between the list.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the breeding box is designed in a single body, and each single body has the same structure, so that the breeding scale is convenient to control, adjust and expand;
(2) the breeding device (the single breeding box) is provided with a ventilation device and a water circulation device, and the ventilation device can be used for feeding smoke and discharging smoke into the single breeding box, and can also be used for conveying fresh air and removing polluted air; the water circulation device can convey drinking water to a feeding room on one hand, and can control the temperature and humidity of a mouse room through water circulation on the other hand;
(3) the breeding box single body divides the single body into an operation room and a breeding room through a movable isolation door, so that experimenters can conveniently control the breeding process of the mice, the mice can be isolated in a certain closed space to carry out operations such as sampling, measurement and the like, and the mice in a breeding state and the mice in an experimental state are separated;
(4) two feeding single rooms are arranged in the same breeding box single body, so that the operation, transfer and comparison of mice are facilitated, the two feeding single rooms can be communicated with each other and are mutually independent, and the operability is high.
Drawings
The following are drawings to which the invention relates:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a middle culture box monomer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a nutrient box in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a scroll according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the present invention, showing a schematic structural view of a one-side-mounted ventilation apparatus;
FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged schematic structural view of a water circulation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a partially enlarged schematic structural view of the ventilation device according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention.
In the figure:
1 support case monomer 11 monomer lateral wall 12 monomer roof 13 monomer diapire 14 monomer end wall 15 ventilation frame 16 door shield 17 operation face 18 operation mouth
2 operating room
3 feeding room 31 feeding partition 32 feeding room
4 mouse room 41 cushion 42 support
5 isolation door 51 isolation door frame
6 water circulation device 61 water supply pipe 62 upper water distribution pipe 63 lower water distribution pipe 64 lower water distribution pipe 65 shunt valve
7 air inlet pipe 72 of ventilation device 71, air outlet pipe 73, air filtering pipe 74 and connecting hose
8 the open end 82 of the scroll 81 is closed end 83 and the body 84 is shaped.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
[ example 1 ]
As shown in fig. 1-4, 6 and 7, the feeding device for studying the effect of smoking on the signs of mice in this embodiment is characterized in that: the feeding device is composed of a plurality of repeatedly arranged breeding box monomers, and the structures of the breeding box monomers are the same;
the single bodies are designed by completely same specifications, and the aim is to facilitate the stacking and use of a plurality of single bodies, and further to arrange a fastening device for the stacked single bodies, such as external strapping tapes, clamping groove chain belts, multi-position frames and other forms, so that the plurality of single bodies can be stably and horizontally arranged together or divided into a plurality of groups to meet the experiment requirements;
the breeding box monomer is in a flat square box shape and is made of transparent materials;
the flat square box shape is convenient for stacking, arranging and fixing a plurality of monomers, and the square structure is more stable; the monomer is made of transparent materials, so that the observation and the operation are convenient;
the box-keeping monomer comprises two monomer side walls, a monomer top wall, a monomer bottom wall and two monomer end walls, wherein the monomer side walls, the monomer top wall, the monomer bottom wall and the monomer end walls are mutually spliced and enclosed into a flat square box shape, the monomer side walls are located at the contact surface positions where the two adjacent box-keeping monomers are spliced, and the monomer end walls face outwards.
An operation room, a feeding room and an isolation door are arranged in the feeding box body, the isolation door is horizontally arranged in the middle of the feeding box body, the operation room is arranged above the isolation door, the feeding room is arranged below the isolation door, a user operates objects in the feeding box body, and the feeding room is used for placing experimental mice;
the height of the operation room can be further increased for the convenience of operation, namely the top wall of the single body is raised, the height of the box-keeping single body is increased, but the height of the isolation door is not changed, so that the operation of the operation room is not influenced too much when the isolation door is opened and closed, and when the isolation door is rotated to the upward vertical position, the isolation door supporting device in the middle of the top wall of the single body, namely the ventilation frame can extend downwards further to increase the height, so that the ventilation frame can be in contact with the isolation door and can support and fix the isolation door.
The inside of the box-keeping monomer is provided with an isolation portal frame, and two ends of the isolation portal frame are fixed on the two monomer side walls of the box-keeping monomer; a feeding partition plate is arranged at the bottom of the isolation portal frame, extends downwards, and a gap is reserved between the bottom end of the feeding partition plate and the bottom wall of the single body; the feeding partition plate divides the feeding room into two feeding single rooms; the two isolation doors are respectively hinged on two sides of the isolation door frame; when the isolation door is in a horizontal state, a door stop is arranged on the end wall of the single body and in a position corresponding to one side of the isolation door, which is far away from the isolation door frame, and the door stop is used for supporting and limiting the isolation door.
A mouse room is arranged in the breeding single room, a pillar is arranged at the bottom of the mouse room, and two ends of the pillar are respectively fixed at the bottom of the mouse room and the bottom wall of the single body; a cushion layer is arranged in the rat room and is made of any one of but not limited to wood chips, wood shavings, artificial fibers, vermiculite, cattail and corncobs;
for the material selection design of the cushion layer, reference can be made to the following documents: comparison of physical properties of several experimental animal bedding materials, sunyongmei et al, agricultural science of Anhui, 2009, 37 (2): 616-617, 624;
an inverted-angle operating surface is arranged at the intersection joint of at least one side of the top wall of the single body and the end wall of the single body, and an operating opening is formed in the middle of the operating surface; the operation surface is an inclined surface, namely a chamfer inclined surface formed by cutting off a right-angle included angle between the single body end wall of the single body of the breeding box and the single body top wall; the operation opening in the middle of the operation surface is preferably circular, the radius of the operation opening is slightly larger than that of a fist of an experimenter, and an elastic sealing piece is arranged on the operation opening. The elastic sealing member may be closed and non-penetrable, such as a plastic glove; it is also possible to achieve a semi-closure in a free state by crimping, folding, overlapping, etc., which can be penetrated, i.e. through which the hand and arm of the laboratory person can enter the operating room. The above implementation may adopt any existing known technology, and is not described in detail.
As shown in fig. 5, the breeding box unit is provided with a ventilation device; the ventilation device is connected with an external control device, so that the operations of feeding smoke or discharging smoke to the box-keeping unit or conveying fresh air to the box-keeping unit can be realized; the breeding box unit is provided with a water circulation device which supplies and discharges water into the breeding box unit through a water supply and drainage system, so that the functions of temperature control, humidity control, cleaning and disinfection and the like are realized.
As shown in fig. 4, the operation opening is provided with a scroll pipe, the scroll pipe is in a trumpet shape and is made of flexible rubber materials or the like, the scroll pipe is provided with an opening end, a closed end and a pipe main body, the opening end is assembled and fixed on the operation opening, the closed end is in a flat and curled shape, and the pipe main body gradually shrinks, flattens and curls from the opening end to the closed end and evolves.
This worm-shaped pipe is exactly a concrete form of the elastic sealing piece of assembly on the above-mentioned operation mouth, stretches into hand from the operation mouth when the experimenter, and the hand stretches into along the open end of worm-shaped pipe, pipe main part gradually, because of the worm-shaped pipe adopts flexible rubber material or analog to make, the worm-shaped pipe has deformability, and the worm-shaped pipe closed end is the platykurtic, can stretch out naturally, open when the hand stretches into. When the experimenter draws back the hand, the elastic scroll pipe restores to the natural shape, and the closed end of the scroll pipe is naturally curled and closed, so that the single body of the incubator is sealed.
The opening end of the worm-shaped pipe is made of hard materials to form a shaping part, the shaping part extends along the pipe main body in the direction of the closed end, and the hardness of the shaping part gradually tends to be the same as that of the pipe main body;
the operation opening is circular, and the distance that the shaping portion extends along the pipe main body to the direction of the closed end is 0.5-1 times of the diameter of the operation opening.
The width of the closed end is 0.8-1.5 times of the diameter of the operation opening.
Above-mentioned structure can further improve the return speed and the degree of resumeing of scroll pipe under natural state, and the setting portion of scroll pipe can also make the scroll pipe all the time support the case monomer inside, makes things convenient for next use.
The isolating door is provided with elastic sealing strips (not shown in the figure), and the elastic sealing strips are arranged on two sides of the isolating door and one side edge of the isolating door far away from the isolating door frame. The elastic sealing strip is fixed on the isolation door except the other three edges hinged with the isolation door frame, the effect of blocking gaps between the isolation door and the inner wall of the box-keeping single body can be achieved, and when the isolation door is horizontally placed, the isolation door is tightly attached to the two single body side walls and the single body end walls to form sealing.
And a magnetic attraction device is arranged on the edge of one side of the door shield and/or the ventilation frame and/or the isolation door, which is far away from the isolation door frame.
[ example 2 ]
As shown in fig. 5 and 7, on the basis of the above embodiments, the single top wall of the present embodiment is provided with the ventilation frame, the ventilation frame is located in the middle of the single top wall and extends downwards along the direction of the isolation door frame, and the distance from the bottom edge of the ventilation frame to the upper edge of the isolation door frame is smaller than the rotation radius of the isolation door.
The ventilation device comprises a ventilation pipe, a switching hose and a wind filtering pipe, wherein the ventilation pipe comprises an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe;
the ventilation pipe extends upwards from the isolation door frame to the top wall of the single body and extends out of the top wall of the single body, the air filtering pipe is arranged on the lower surface of the isolation door, and the switching hose is made of flexible pipes and communicated with the ventilation pipe and the air filtering pipe; the air filtering pipe is in a long strip square tube shape, one surface of the air filtering pipe is fixed on the lower surface of the isolation door, and the other surface of the air filtering pipe is provided with round hole-shaped, long hole-shaped or grid-shaped ventilation holes.
The two sets of ventilation devices are arranged and work independently; the two sets of ventilation devices are respectively assembled between the two feeding units and respectively supply air and/or smoke to the two feeding units.
Set up solitary ventilation unit to two independent raising rooms, can realize two independent control of raising the interior mouse room of single room, can be in different environment of raising in making two mouse rooms, do benefit to and carry out experiment, contrast research etc..
[ example 3 ]
As shown in fig. 1 and 6, on the basis of the above embodiments, the water circulation device of the present embodiment includes a water supply pipe, a water drain pipe, a water supply branch pipe, a water drain branch pipe, and a water diversion valve;
the upper water pipe is arranged in the middle of the outer side of the end wall of each single body, the upper water pipe is provided with a plurality of upper water pipes, each upper water pipe corresponds to one single body of the breeding box, and the upper water pipes extend into the single bodies of the breeding box and are bent downwards;
the lower water pipe is arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the end wall of the single body, the lower water pipe is provided with a plurality of lower water branch pipes, each lower water branch pipe corresponds to one single body of the breeding box, and the lower water branch pipes extend into the single bodies of the breeding box and are close to the bottom wall of the single body;
the water feeding pipe and the water discharging pipe are respectively and oppositely arranged on the end walls of the single bodies at two sides of the box single body;
the upper branched pipe and the lower branched pipe are both provided with a water distribution valve.
The water feeding pipe and/or the water discharging pipe and/or the water feeding branch pipe and/or the water discharging branch pipe are made of hose materials.
[ example 4 ]
On the basis of the above embodiments, the feeding partition board of this embodiment is provided with a sliding device, the sliding device includes a sliding groove (not shown in the figure) and an elastic sliding strip (not shown in the figure), the sliding groove is fixed on the side wall of the single body, and the sliding groove extends to the bottom of the side wall of the single body; the elastic sliding strips are fixed on the two side edges and the bottom edge of the feeding clapboard.
Raise baffle and isolation portal looks swing joint, raise the baffle and can go up and down adjusting position to the clearance between baffle and the monomer diapire is raised in the adjustment, the water level in controlling two and raising between the list.
[ Experimental example ]
The following experimental examples are merely illustrative of experiments performed on experimental mice by way of example and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application.
2 materials and methods
2.1 test materials
2.1.1 mice
Experimental mice 13 healthy ICR and C57 hybrid experimental mice of similar body weight between four and six weeks of age, 9 female mice, 4 male mice.
2.1.2 cigarette
The cigarettes used in the experiment were commercially available Honghe brand cigarettes (ex Hongyun Honghe tobacco group).
2.1.3 reagents
HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin), PMSG (pregnant mare serum gonadotropin), Hyaluronidase, DMEM + BSA culture solution, mineral oil and normal saline.
2.2 instruments and devices
2.2.1 Experimental instruments
Microscope (optical magnification of 40X-1000X), dissecting mirror (magnification of 16X-100X), magnification of 16X-100X (precision: 0.001), and CO2An incubator.
2.2.2 Experimental Equipment
The device comprises a glass slide, a cover glass, a culture dish, an injector, scissors, a blade, a dissecting needle and a passive smoking sealed box (a cuboid sealed box which can be transformed into a disposable suction tube to be inserted into an opening in a one-way sealed box, and smoke can be spitted into the box through the opening).
2.3 design of the experiment
2.3.1 Passive smoking treatment
The 13 mice were divided into three groups, each numbered A, B, C. Group A was the experimental group, which included 5 female mice with passive smoking, group B was 4 female mice of the control group, and group C was 4 normal male mice. Mice in group A were treated for passive smoking for one week, during which time three groups of mice had free access to water. 2 cigarettes are taken every day in four days before a week, the cigarettes are manually spitted through a suction pipe every afternoon, and the manufactured smoke environment comprises mixed gas formed by air in the passive smoking box and the manually spitted smoke and lasts for 24 hours all the time. The amount of the smoke is increased from the fourth day to 4 cigarettes each day. All conditions and environments of mice in groups B and C were kept the same as those in the experimental group except that no smoke was introduced.
After one week, the experimental group stops passive smoking treatment, and 5 passive smoking female mice in the group A and 2 non-smoking male mice in the group C are placed in a cage, which is numbered as A + experimental group; then, 4 female mice without smoking in group B and 2 male mice without smoking in group C are placed in a cage, and the number of the female mice is B + control group.
2.3.2 Ullo ovulation test
The experiment adopts two hormones, HCG and PMSG, to promote the mouse to superovulate in a short time, so that a large amount of ova and embryos can be effectively obtained in a limited time to meet the requirements of the experiment. The interval between injections of hormones has a very important influence on the development of oocytes, not only on their developmental synchrony, but also on their number. The amount of injected hormone used in this experiment is the amount commonly used in China.
Superovulation experiments were performed on two groups of mice according to the method of caring Jianjie, Kurong, etc. Mice of different strains have different week ages with optimal superovulation effects, and are generally concentrated at 4-6 weeks, i.e., the initial stage of development[7]. Taking out the total 9 female mice in the A + group and the B + group from the cage, injecting 5IU PMSG into the abdominal cavity of each mouse in an injection mode at 16-17 points, and injecting 5IU HCG into the abdominal cavity of each mouse after 48h interval.
2.3.3 retrieval of oocytes from mice
After two groups of mice are passively smoked and PMSG and HCG are injected into the abdominal cavity, oocytes are obtained in a Lechaojun mode, and after 14-17h, 2 mice are respectively obtained from A + and B + groups to obtain eggs. Preparation work: 1. proper amount of physiological saline is put into the culture dish. 2. A culture medium containing Hyaluronidase was prepared. 3. The mineral oil was dropped onto microdroplets of DMEM + BSA culture. The first step is as follows: the mice were sacrificed, the oviducts were picked out, washed 3 times in a previously prepared petri dish, the transparent enlarged portions were found, and a plurality of egg cells were selected out. The second step is that: transferring the oocytes into Hyaluronidase culture solution, naturally cooling for 15min to show that granular substances fall off from the oocytes, frequently blowing the oocytes with an ovum suction tube, and transferring the oocytes into 50 mu L of DMEM + BSA culture solution microdroplets (the upper layer is covered with mineral oil). Immediately observed under an inverted microscope, the development of each group of oocytes was recorded on paper and compared to each other, with blastocyst disruption (GVBD) as an indicator of meiosis initiation and first polar body release as an indicator of first meiosis completion. The culture was continued at 37 ℃ and the results were observed.
2.3.4 calculating the visceral volume ratio
A total of 4 mice in the group A + and B + from which oocytes were extracted were taken, dissected to view each internal organ in the abdominal and thoracic cavities of the mice, and taken out and weighed.
2.3.5 Observation of offspring fetal rats
The remaining 5 female mice in the a +, B + group were allowed to continue to become pregnant until they gave birth to offspring mice, which were observed for morphological signs.
3 results of the experiment
3.1 Effect of Passive smoking on mouse morphology and locomotor Capacity
3.1.1 Effect of Passive smoking on mouse body weight
The experimental mouse is 4-6 weeks old and is in a rapid growth phase. After passive smoking treatment and comparative test for one week, the male and female mice are in the same cage, and then the female mice are pregnant and born, the week age of the mice reaches 8-10, and the mice enter the slow growth period. According to research, the increase of body mass and body mass is the embodiment of the growth characteristics of the mice, the age of 4-8 weeks is the age stage of the mice with the fastest growth and development after weaning, the mice belong to a fast growth period, and the mice enter a slow growth period after 8 weeks. For mice in the fast growth phase, the influence of passive smoking on the growth is relatively obvious, and for mice in the slow growth phase, the influence of passive smoking on the growth of the mice is small. When evaluating the body weights of two groups of mice, the average body weight of each group was calculated, and mice that were passively smoking were lower than those of the control group. Experiments show that the food intake and water intake of the mice are equivalent to those of normal mice in the initial period of passive smoking, and the food intake and water intake of the mice decrease faster with the increase of passive smoking time and smoke amount. After the cessation of passive smoking, the body weight of the mice in the experimental group is slowly recovered, and the average body weight of the mice in the experimental group is equivalent to that of the mice in the control group without significant difference. This indicates that passive smoking had little effect on the body weight of the mice, provided it was within a short period of time.
3.1.2 Effect of Passive smoking on internal organs of mice
When the mouse is dissected, the observation is directly carried out under naked eyes, and the observation group of the mouse has no abnormal change of each organ. The most significantly changed organ compared to B, C group mice was the lung in group a. B. The lung surface of the mice in the group C is pink, the tube is milky, and the lung surface of the mice in the experimental group is observed to have a slight brownish trend. Therefore, in any smoking mode, the lungs are one of the direct and largest organs of damage to the respiratory system of the human body. In addition, the eyes of the control mice are red and bright, while the vitreous body of one of the experimental mice is slightly turbid, which is presumed to be the atrophy of the eyeball caused by the damage of the optic nerve caused by the smoke, and the blood color in the capillary blood at the bottom of the eyeball cannot be penetrated due to the vitreous body turbidity, so the eyes become lighter and darker from the normal red. After the internal organs of the two groups of mice are observed respectively, the internal organs are taken out and weighed respectively, and the average internal organ volume ratio is calculated.
3.1.3 Effect of Passive smoking on mouse Hair color
The mice had bright white, supple hair before passive smoking. After three days of passive smoking, the hair color of the experimental mice began to darken, changed from white to light, and the glossiness of yellow light decreased. After seven days, the performance was more pronounced. For mental status, the laboratory mice were sleepy and immobile; while the control mice performed well. According to the research, the environment of passive smoking also has certain damage to the acquisition capability of the mouse space information. After passive smoking is stopped, the color and glossiness of the mouse hair are improved to a certain extent.
3.1.4 Effect of Passive smoking on mouse locomotor Capacity
When the mice are smoked on the first day, the mice have obvious excitability and do not jump continuously, and the phenomenon that the mice have enhanced motor ability is supposed to be caused by the stimulation effect of nicotine. After 2-3 minutes, the patient is still and does not move. From the next day to the fourth day, the jumping amplitude is reduced, the time is shortened, the excitation state lasts for about one minute, and obvious resistance behaviors exist when the mouse is caught. The mice had no obvious action and were still and immobile when spitting smoke after the fourth day. When passive smoking is carried out on the mice, the motor ability of the mice is gradually reduced day by day, the response to stimulation is gradually reduced, and the mice have no resistance behavior when the mice are captured by the seventh day. It is speculated that passive smoking may cause hypoxia and decrease the motor ability of mice.
3.2 Effect of Passive smoking on mouse reproductive function
The superovulation experiment is arranged to research the influence of passive smoking on the reproductive function of the mice, and the observation and culture of the egg cells of the female mice of the passive smoking are necessary steps for researching the reproductive function of the mice. If the mouse is relied on to naturally ovulate, the obtained egg cells are small in quantity, the obtained offspring mouse embryos are small in quantity, the consumed time is long, and the effectiveness and the simplicity of the experiment are reduced. It is essential to perform the superovulation test to complete the test. Some specific changes in the uterus and ovary of mouse egg cells can be caused after PMSG and HCG are injected into mice: red and swollen with a little blood. After approximately 12 hours, the ovaries of the mice ovulate. To see that the discharged ovum is surrounded by the egg cells, it is necessary to wait for about four hours to observe the transparent enlarged portion on the oviduct.
Compared with a control group, the GVBD rate (the ratio of the number of the oocytes of the GVBD to the total number of the oocytes) of the experimental group is not obviously different, the first polar body release rate of the oocytes is obviously reduced, P is less than 0.05 in data analysis, the average number of superovulation is obviously reduced, and P is less than 0.05 in difference analysis; the survival rate of the oocytes was less than that of the control group.
3.3 Effect of Passive smoking on offspring mice
After the female mice are treated by passive smoking, the total number of embryos of the A + group and the B + group has no significant difference (P is more than 0.05), the sex ratio of offspring mice generated by the two groups of female mice also has no significant difference (P is more than 0.05), but the absorption fetus and the dead fetus are increased (P is less than 0.05).
The mouse produces offspring mouse about 20 days after pregnancy, and the survival rate of the experimental group mouse is lower than that of the control group mouse. Passive smoking can lead to stillbirth in pregnant mice, possibly resulting in low body weight and slow development and the potential for malformation in newborn mice. It was observed that the female mice after passive smoking had been bred to the normal male mice, the mating time was slightly longer than that of the normal male and female mice, and it was presumed that the sexual function of the passively smoked mice was decreased.
The experimental result shows that the influence of passive smoking on the physical signs of the female mice is researched by arranging the experimental group and the control group in the experiment. Due to the particularity of the body structure of female animals, the influence of smoke on female mice is mainly reflected on the ovary, uterus and offspring of the female mice except for the aspects of movement ability, body organs, learning and memory and the like. By now it could be determined that passive smoking is also a widespread and multifaceted hazard to human and animal health. If the human beings do not smoke in a controlled manner, the health of smokers and passive smokers, next generation and even generations of people is influenced, the human beings have serious scrutiny on the harm of the cigarettes to the human beings, and the smoking prohibition is strengthened.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A raise device for studying smoking influences mouse sign which characterized in that:
the feeding device is composed of a plurality of repeatedly arranged breeding box monomers, and the structures of the breeding box monomers are the same;
the breeding box monomer is in a flat square box shape and is made of transparent materials;
the box-keeping units comprise two unit side walls, a unit top wall, a unit bottom wall and two unit end walls, the unit side walls, the unit top wall, the unit bottom wall and the unit end walls are spliced and enclosed into a flat square box shape, the unit side walls are located on the spliced contact surface of the two adjacent box-keeping units, and the unit end walls face outwards;
an operation room, a feeding room and an isolation door are arranged in the breeding box unit, and the isolation door is horizontally arranged in the middle of the breeding box unit;
the upper part of the isolation door is an operation room, and the lower part is a feeding room; the operation room is used for a user to operate the objects in the breeding box monomer;
the feeding room is used for arranging mice for feeding experiments;
the inside of the box-keeping monomer is provided with an isolation portal frame, and two ends of the isolation portal frame are fixed on the two monomer side walls of the box-keeping monomer;
a feeding partition plate is arranged at the bottom of the isolation portal frame, extends downwards, and a gap is reserved between the bottom end of the feeding partition plate and the bottom wall of the single body;
the feeding partition plate divides the feeding room into two feeding single rooms;
the two isolation doors are respectively hinged on two sides of the isolation door frame; when the isolation door is in a horizontal state, a door stop is arranged on the end wall of the single body and at a position corresponding to one side of the isolation door, which is far away from the isolation door frame, and the door stop is used for supporting and limiting the isolation door;
a mouse room is arranged in the breeding single room, a pillar is arranged at the bottom of the mouse room, and two ends of the pillar are respectively fixed at the bottom of the mouse room and the bottom wall of the single body;
a cushion layer is arranged in the rat room and is made of any one of but not limited to wood chips, wood shavings, artificial fibers, vermiculite, cattail and corncobs;
an inverted-angle operating surface is arranged at the intersection joint of at least one side of the top wall of the single body and the end wall of the single body, and an operating opening is formed in the middle of the operating surface;
the breeding box unit is provided with a ventilation device; the breeding box unit is provided with a water circulation device.
2. The feeding device for studying the effect of smoking on the signs of mice as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the operation opening is provided with a scroll pipe which is in a horn shape and is made of flexible rubber materials or the like;
the scroll pipe is provided with an opening end, a closed end and a pipe main body;
the open end is assembled and fixed on the operation opening, the closed end is in a flat curled shape, and the pipe main body is gradually reduced, flattened and curled from the open end to the closed end.
3. The feeding device for studying the effect of smoking on the signs of mice as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
the opening end of the worm-shaped pipe is made of hard materials to form a shaping part, the shaping part extends along the pipe main body in the direction of the closed end, and the hardness of the shaping part gradually tends to be the same as that of the pipe main body;
the operation opening is circular, and the distance that the shaping portion extends along the pipe main body to the direction of the closed end is 0.5-1 times of the diameter of the operation opening.
4. The feeding device for studying the effect of smoking on the signs of mice as claimed in claim 3, wherein:
the width of the closed end is 0.8-1.5 times of the diameter of the operation opening.
5. The feeding device for studying the effect of smoking on the signs of mice as claimed in claim 4, wherein:
the isolating door is provided with an elastic sealing strip; the elastic sealing strips are arranged on two sides of the isolating door and one side edge of the isolating door far away from the isolating door frame.
6. A feeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, for studying the effect of smoking on the signs of mice, characterized in that:
the single top wall is provided with a ventilation frame, the ventilation frame is positioned in the middle of the single top wall and extends downwards along the direction of the isolation door frame, and the distance from the bottom edge of the ventilation frame to the upper edge of the isolation door frame is smaller than the rotation radius of the isolation door.
7. The feeding device for studying the effect of smoking on the signs of mice as claimed in claim 6, wherein:
the ventilation device comprises a ventilation pipe, a switching hose and a wind filtering pipe, wherein the ventilation pipe comprises an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe;
the ventilation pipe extends upwards from the isolation door frame to the top wall of the single body and extends out of the top wall of the single body;
the air filtering pipe is arranged on the lower surface of the isolating door;
the switching hose is made of flexible pipes and communicated with the ventilation pipe and the air filtering pipe;
the air filtering pipe is in a long strip square tube shape, one surface of the air filtering pipe is fixed on the lower surface of the isolation door, and the other surface of the air filtering pipe is provided with round hole-shaped, long hole-shaped or grid-shaped ventilation holes.
8. The feeding device for studying the effect of smoking on the signs of mice as claimed in claim 7, wherein:
the two sets of ventilation devices are arranged and work independently; the two sets of ventilation devices are respectively assembled between the two feeding units and respectively supply air and/or smoke to the two feeding units.
9. A feeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and 7 to 8, for studying the effect of smoking on the signs of mice, characterized in that: and a magnetic attraction device is arranged on the edge of one side of the door shield and/or the ventilation frame and/or the isolation door, which is far away from the isolation door frame.
10. A feeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and 7 to 8, for studying the effect of smoking on the signs of mice, characterized in that:
the water circulation device comprises a water feeding pipe, a water discharging pipe, a water feeding branch pipe, a water discharging branch pipe and a water distributing valve;
the upper water pipe is arranged in the middle of the outer side of the end wall of each single body, the upper water pipe is provided with a plurality of upper water pipes, each upper water pipe corresponds to one single body of the breeding box, and the upper water pipes extend into the single bodies of the breeding box and are bent downwards;
the lower water pipe is arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the end wall of the single body, the lower water pipe is provided with a plurality of lower water branch pipes, each lower water branch pipe corresponds to one single body of the breeding box, and the lower water branch pipes extend into the single bodies of the breeding box and are close to the bottom wall of the single body;
the water feeding pipe and the water discharging pipe are respectively and oppositely arranged on the end walls of the single bodies at two sides of the box single body;
the upper branched pipe and the lower branched pipe are both provided with a water distribution valve.
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| CN109997782A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-12 | 武汉科技大学 | The automatic breeding method of rats and mice under barrier environment |
| CN110169395A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-27 | 江苏思威博生物科技有限公司 | A kind of full automatic high efficiency fly maggot breeding equipment |
| CN209950078U (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2020-01-17 | 中南大学湘雅二医院 | Airtight storehouse for animal experiments |
| CN211153414U (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-08-04 | 扬州大学 | Unit type termite feeding device convenient for experimental research |
| CN213095455U (en) * | 2020-08-29 | 2021-05-04 | 内蒙古民族大学 | A raise device for studying smoking influences mouse sign |
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2020
- 2020-08-29 CN CN202010918240.5A patent/CN111937761A/en active Pending
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| CN200997817Y (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2008-01-02 | 上海华丰工业控制技术工程有限公司 | Breeding of laboratory animals and operating equipment of the experiment combination |
| CN107410048A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-12-01 | 华中农业大学 | Environment multivariable Control culture experiment case |
| CN109699510A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-03 | 山西医科大学 | The single cage position barrier environment rearging cage of independent air-feeding system |
| CN109997782A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-12 | 武汉科技大学 | The automatic breeding method of rats and mice under barrier environment |
| CN110169395A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-27 | 江苏思威博生物科技有限公司 | A kind of full automatic high efficiency fly maggot breeding equipment |
| CN209950078U (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2020-01-17 | 中南大学湘雅二医院 | Airtight storehouse for animal experiments |
| CN211153414U (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-08-04 | 扬州大学 | Unit type termite feeding device convenient for experimental research |
| CN213095455U (en) * | 2020-08-29 | 2021-05-04 | 内蒙古民族大学 | A raise device for studying smoking influences mouse sign |
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