CN111929891A - Adaptive optical system wave-front tilt composite correction device and control method - Google Patents
Adaptive optical system wave-front tilt composite correction device and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111929891A CN111929891A CN202010823321.7A CN202010823321A CN111929891A CN 111929891 A CN111929891 A CN 111929891A CN 202010823321 A CN202010823321 A CN 202010823321A CN 111929891 A CN111929891 A CN 111929891A
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0025—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration
- G02B27/0068—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration having means for controlling the degree of correction, e.g. using phase modulators, movable elements
Abstract
The invention provides a wave front inclination composite correction device of a self-adaptive optical system and a control method, the device comprises an inclined mirror, a relay optical system, a deformable mirror, a wave front inclination detector, an industrial control computer, an inclined mirror high-voltage amplifier, a deformable mirror high-voltage amplifier and the like, and is characterized in that: wavefront tilt is corrected using a tilting mirror and anamorphic mirror combination. In an adaptive optics system, the driver stroke of a tilting mirror is generally large but the response speed is slow; the actuator stroke of the deformable mirror is small but the response speed is high. Conventional adaptive optics generally use only tilting mirrors for wavefront tilt correction, while deformable mirrors are used only for correction of higher-order aberrations such as defocus, astigmatism, and the like. The invention provides a method for correcting wavefront inclination by combining an inclined mirror and a deformable mirror, and solves the problem of unstable closed loop of a system caused by easy coupling between the inclined mirror and the deformable mirror through a time frequency domain decoupling control method. The invention has the characteristics of large stroke and quick response, and is beneficial to improving the correction precision of the wavefront inclination.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wave front inclination correction device and a control method of an adaptive optical system, in particular to a wave front inclination compound correction device and a control method of an adaptive optical system based on a combination of a tilting mirror and a deformable mirror.
Background
Adaptive optics systems typically include two types of wavefront correctors: a tilting mirror and a distorting mirror. Among them, tilting mirrors are commonly used to correct wavefront tilt; anamorphic mirrors are typically used to correct higher order aberrations, such as defocus, astigmatism, etc., above tilt. When the adaptive optical system works in a closed loop mode, the tilting mirror and the distorting mirror are generally required to carry out strict aberration separation during correction, namely the distorting mirror cannot generate tilting aberration output during correction of high-order aberration, otherwise, the coupling phenomenon between the tilting mirror and the distorting mirror is easily caused (aged ball, Liu Wen jin, Dong Zhi, and the like, "research on constraint technology of the deforming mirror of the closed loop control adaptive optical system", optical science, 35(12), 2015). If severe coupling occurs, the anamorphic and tilted mirrors tend to accumulate static aberration outputs that cancel each other out during the closed loop process, which consumes a significant amount of the anamorphic mirror's actuator travel, resulting in a much limited travel for higher order aberration correction. Therefore, the adaptive optics system usually corrects the tilt aberration only by using the tilt mirror, and the deformable mirror has the capability of correcting the tilt aberration, but is usually prohibited from being used for the correction of the tilt aberration.
Although stable control of the adaptive optics system and capability of ensuring correction of higher-order aberrations by the deformable mirror can be achieved if only the tilting mirror is used for correction of the tilting aberrations, the control bandwidth of the tracking device is susceptible to mechanical resonance of the tilting mirror (Zhang Xiao, Ling et al, "high-speed piezoelectric tilting mirror dynamics analysis", intense laser and particle beam, 15(10), 2003). Although it is possible to suppress the influence of mechanical resonance and improve the stability and control bandwidth of the tilt mirror control by using methods such as biquad network filtering (lei xinyang, "stable control of high-speed tilt mirror in adaptive optics", strong laser and particle beam, 11(1), 1999), this kind of method needs to establish a transfer function model of the tilt mirror first, and the compensation method is complicated. In addition, since the transfer function model of the tilting mirror is not only related to its own characteristics but also related to its adjustment, the application of the mechanical resonance suppression algorithm is not very wide in the practical adaptive optics system, and the control bandwidth of the tilting mirror in the adaptive optics system is also generally lower than that of the deformable mirror. The canadian scholaria placed deformable mirrors on tilting stages in Gemini planetary imagers for joint correction of wavefront tilt (c.coreia, j. -p.veran, l.poyneer, "Gemini Planet Imager mini-variation tip-controllers"), but this method required the entire deformable mirror to be loaded during deflection, which was difficult to control and difficult to guarantee dynamic characteristics. How to further improve the tracking bandwidth of the adaptive optics system without making significant changes to the structural composition of the adaptive optics system is a problem that researchers of adaptive optics technology pay attention to.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the device and the method solve the problem of unstable closed loop of the system caused by easy coupling between the tilting mirror and the deformable mirror through a time frequency domain decoupling control method. The wave-front inclination composite correction device provided by the invention has the characteristics of large stroke and quick response, and is beneficial to improving the correction precision of the wave-front inclination.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a wave front inclination composite correction device of a self-adaptive optical system comprises an inclined mirror 1, a first relay optical system 2, a deformable mirror 3, a second relay optical system 4, a wave front inclination detector 5, an industrial control computer 6, an inclined mirror high-voltage amplifier 7 and a deformable mirror high-voltage amplifier 8; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
incident light is firstly reflected by the inclined mirror 1, enters the first relay optical system 2, is reflected by the deformable mirror 3, enters the second relay optical system 4 and finally enters the wavefront inclined detector 5;
the industrial control computer 6 calculates the wavefront inclination according to the image collected by the wavefront inclination detector 5, calculates the control voltage of the tilting mirror 1 and the deformable mirror 3 according to the wavefront inclination, and respectively sends the control voltage to the tilting mirror high-voltage amplifier 7 and the deformable mirror high-voltage amplifier 8 for respectively controlling the tilting mirror 1 and the deformable mirror 3 to be combined to correct the wavefront inclination.
Further, the first relay optical system 2 makes the clear apertures of the tilting mirror 1 and the deformable mirror 3 match by beam contraction or beam expansion.
Further, the second relay optical system 4 matches the clear aperture of the deformable mirror 3 with the incident aperture of the wavefront tilt detector 5 through beam contraction or beam expansion.
Further, the wave front inclination detector 5 can be a detector with wave front inclination measurement capability made by different technical means such as a tracking camera, a four-quadrant detector, a pyramid wave front sensor, a shack-hartmann wave front sensor and the like.
A control method of an adaptive optics system wavefront tilt composite correction apparatus using the above adaptive optics system wavefront tilt composite correction apparatus, the control method comprising: the control signals of the tilting mirror 1 and the distorting mirror 3 are divided according to the time frequency domain, wherein the tilting mirror 1 is mainly used for correcting the time domain low-frequency part of the wave front inclination, and the distorting mirror 3 is mainly used for correcting the time domain high-frequency part of the wave front inclination.
Further, the time-domain low-frequency part of the wave front tilt can be obtained by low-pass filtering or time-domain averaging the wave front tilt signal measured by the wave front tilt detector 5 by using the industrial computer 6.
Further, the time domain high frequency part of the wave front inclination can be obtained by using the industrial computer 6 to carry out high pass filtering on the wave front inclination signal measured by the wave front inclination detector 5 or subtracting the time domain low frequency part.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention uses the combination of the tilting mirror and the deformable mirror to correct the wavefront tilt, thereby bringing the following advantages:
(1) the deformable mirror has high resonant frequency and high response speed, and the correction time domain high-frequency part can improve the control bandwidth of the wavefront inclination correction device and reduce the requirement on the resonant frequency of the inclined mirror.
(2) The stroke of the tilting mirror is large, and the low-frequency part of the correction time domain can reduce the stroke requirement of a deformable mirror driver when the deformable mirror is used for tilt correction independently.
(3) The conventional adaptive optical system is usually provided with a tilting mirror and a deformable mirror, and the structure of the adaptive optical system does not need to be adjusted greatly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wavefront tilt compound correction device of an adaptive optics system. The system comprises a tilt mirror 1, a first relay optical system 2, a deformable mirror 3, a second relay optical system 4, a tilt detector 5, an industrial control computer 6, a tilt mirror high-voltage amplifier 7 and a deformable mirror high-voltage amplifier 8.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing frequency response curves of the tilting mirror and the anamorphic mirror in the example (wherein the dashed line is the tilting mirror and the solid line is the anamorphic mirror).
FIG. 3 is a graph of the open loop control frequency response of the tilting mirror and the anamorphic mirror in an embodiment (where the dashed line is the tilting mirror and the solid line is the anamorphic mirror).
FIG. 4 is a graph of the open loop control frequency response of the composite correction device in an embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a wavefront tilt error graph (where the upper graph corresponds to the input wavefront tilt error, the middle graph corresponds to the closed loop wavefront tilt error when the tilt mirrors are corrected individually, and the lower graph corresponds to the closed loop wavefront tilt error when corrected by the composite correction device).
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the tilt angle outputs of the tilting mirror and the anamorphic mirror (where the dotted line corresponds to the tilt angle output of the tilting mirror and the solid line corresponds to the tilt angle output of the anamorphic mirror).
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
The schematic diagram of the embodiment is as shown in fig. 1, and the adaptive optical system wavefront inclination composite correction device comprises an inclination mirror 1, a first relay optical system 2, a deformable mirror 3, a second relay optical system 4, a wavefront inclination detector 5, an industrial personal computer 6, an inclination mirror high-voltage amplifier 7 and a deformable mirror high-voltage amplifier 8; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
incident light is firstly reflected by the inclined mirror 1, enters the first relay optical system 2, is reflected by the deformable mirror 3, enters the second relay optical system 4 and finally enters the wavefront inclined detector 5;
the frequency response curves of the tilting mirror 1 and the distorting mirror 3 are shown in fig. 2. Wherein, the first-order resonance frequency of the tilting mirror 1 is 300Hz, and the damping coefficient is 0.1; the primary resonance frequency of the deformable mirror 3 is 2000Hz, and the damping coefficient is 0.5. The wavefront tilt detector 5 operates at a frequency of 2000 Hz.
The industrial control computer 6 calculates the wavefront inclination according to the image collected by the wavefront inclination detector 5, calculates the control voltage of the tilting mirror 1 and the deformable mirror 3 according to the wavefront inclination, and respectively sends the control voltage to the tilting mirror high-voltage amplifier 7 and the deformable mirror high-voltage amplifier 8 for respectively controlling the tilting mirror 1 and the deformable mirror 3 to be combined to correct the wavefront inclination.
The control signals of the tilting mirror 1 and the distorting mirror 3 are divided according to the time frequency domain, wherein the tilting mirror 1 is mainly used for correcting the tilting error below 10Hz, and the distorting mirror 3 is mainly used for correcting the tilting error above 10 Hz.
The controller of the tilting mirror 1 is a first-order low-pass filtering and integral control, and the deflection angle theta of the tilting mirror isTMThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
θTM(k+1)＝1.91θTM(k)-0.91θTM(k-1)+0.0046e(k)+0.0044e(k-1)。
wherein, thetaTM(k+1)、θTM(k) And thetaTM(k-1) are deflection angle outputs of the tilting mirror 1 at the time of k +1, k and k-1, respectively; e (k) and e (k-1) are the wavefront tilt errors measured by the wavefront tilt detector 5 at times k and k-1, respectively.
The controller of the deformable mirror 3 is first-order high-pass filtering and integral control, and the deflection angle theta of the deformable mirror isDMThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
θDM(k+1)＝1.91θDM(k)-0.91θDM(k-1)+0.2863e(k)-0.2863e(k-1)。
wherein, thetaDM(k+1)、θDM(k) And thetaDM(k-1) outputting deflection angles of the deformable mirror 3 at the moments of k +1, k and k-1 respectively; e (k) and e (k-1) are the wavefront tilt errors measured by the wavefront tilt detector 5 at times k and k-1, respectively.
The open loop frequency response characteristic curves of the tilting mirror and the distorting mirror after applying the filter and the integral controller are shown in FIG. 3, wherein the broken line is the open loop frequency response curve of the tilting mirror; the solid line is the open loop frequency response curve of the anamorphic mirror. The open loop bandwidth of the tilt mirror correction loop is about 25 Hz; the open loop bandwidth of the anamorphic mirror correction loop is approximately 91 Hz.
The open loop frequency response characteristic of the composite correction device consisting of the tilting mirror and the distorting mirror is shown in FIG. 4, with an open loop bandwidth of about 94 Hz.
For the wavefront slope signal as shown in the upper graph of FIG. 5, the root mean square error is approximately equal to 0.076 arcsec; the conventional method uses the wavefront tilt closed-loop error curve corrected by the tilt mirror alone as shown in fig. 5, and the root mean square error thereof is approximately equal to 0.04 arcsec; the wavefront tilt closed-loop error curve of the wavefront tilt composite correction device of the adaptive optical system provided by the invention is shown in the lower graph of fig. 5, and the root mean square error of the wavefront tilt closed-loop error curve is approximately equal to 0.021 arcsec. It can be seen that the wavefront tilt correction accuracy of the method provided by the invention is obviously better than that of the traditional correction method only using the tilting mirror.
In the composite correction device, the output angles of the tilting mirror and the deforming mirror are shown as a broken line and a solid line in fig. 6, respectively. It can be seen that the tilting mirror is mainly used for correcting large-amplitude and low-frequency signals in the input wavefront tilt error; the deformable mirror is mainly used for correcting small-amplitude and high-frequency signals in the input wave front tilt error.
The first relay optical system 1 and the second relay optical system 2 can be realized by combining a pair of off-axis reflectors, and the first relay optical system 1 enables the light-passing apertures of the tilting mirror 1 and the deformable mirror 3 to be matched; the second relay optical system 2 matches the light transmission apertures of the anamorphic lens 3 and the wavefront inclination detector 5.
The wave front inclination detector 5 can be a detector with wave front inclination aberration measurement capability made by different technical means such as a tracking camera, a four-quadrant detector, a pyramid wave front sensor, a shack-Hartmann wave front sensor and the like.
Claims (7)
1. A wave front inclination composite correction device of an adaptive optical system is characterized in that: the device comprises an inclined mirror (1), a first relay optical system (2), a deformable mirror (3), a second relay optical system (4), a wavefront inclination detector (5), an industrial personal computer (6), an inclined mirror high-voltage amplifier (7) and a deformable mirror high-voltage amplifier (8); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
incident light is firstly reflected by the inclined mirror (1), enters the first relay optical system (2), is reflected by the deformable mirror (3), enters the second relay optical system (4) and finally enters the wavefront inclination detector (5);
and the industrial control computer (6) calculates the wavefront inclination according to the image collected by the wavefront inclination detector (5), calculates the control voltage of the tilting mirror (1) and the deformable mirror (3) according to the wavefront inclination, and respectively sends the control voltage to the tilting mirror high-voltage amplifier (7) and the deformable mirror high-voltage amplifier (8) for respectively controlling the tilting mirror (1) and the deformable mirror (3) to be combined to correct the wavefront inclination.
2. The adaptive optics system wavefront tilt compound correction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first relay optical system (2) enables the light transmission apertures of the tilting mirror (1) and the deformable mirror (3) to be matched through beam contraction or beam expansion.
3. The adaptive optics system wavefront tilt compound correction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second relay optical system (4) enables the clear aperture of the deformable mirror (3) to be matched with the incident aperture of the wavefront inclination detector (5) through beam contraction or beam expansion.
4. The adaptive optics system wavefront tilt compound correction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wave front inclination detector (5) can be a detector with wave front inclination measurement capability manufactured by different technical means such as a tracking camera, a four-quadrant detector, a pyramid wave front sensor, a shack-Hartmann wave front sensor and the like.
5. A control method of an adaptive optics system wavefront tilt composite correction apparatus using the adaptive optics system wavefront tilt composite correction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control method comprises the following steps: the control signals of the tilting mirror (1) and the deformable mirror (3) are divided according to a time frequency domain, wherein the tilting mirror (1) is mainly used for correcting a time domain low-frequency part of the wave front inclination, and the deformable mirror (3) is mainly used for correcting a time domain high-frequency part of the wave front inclination.
6. The method for controlling an adaptive optics system wavefront tilt composite correction apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: the time-domain low-frequency part of the wave front inclination can be obtained by low-pass filtering or time-domain averaging the wave front inclination signal measured by the wave front inclination detector (5) by using the industrial computer (6).
7. The method for controlling an adaptive optics system wavefront tilt composite correction apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: the time domain high frequency part of the wave front inclination can be obtained by using the industrial computer (6) to carry out high pass filtering on the wave front inclination signal measured by the wave front inclination detector (5) or subtracting the time domain low frequency part of claim 6.
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