CN111928983B - Concrete formwork lateral pressure monitoring device and method - Google Patents
Concrete formwork lateral pressure monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111928983B CN111928983B CN202010998169.6A CN202010998169A CN111928983B CN 111928983 B CN111928983 B CN 111928983B CN 202010998169 A CN202010998169 A CN 202010998169A CN 111928983 B CN111928983 B CN 111928983B
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- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 title claims description 97
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 82
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a concrete template lateral pressure monitoring device and a method. The pressure measuring unit module comprises an elastic membrane stress base, wherein a boss of the elastic membrane stress base is embedded in the through hole of the template, and the front end face of the boss and the front end face of the template are on the same plane. The method comprises the steps of calculating the lateral pressure value of the concrete to a template when the lateral pressure of the concrete during pouring is changed through the change of the wavelength of reflected light after the grating of the pressure measuring unit module is stressed. The invention can accurately monitor the lateral pressure of the concrete to the template in real time, judge whether the supporting state of the concrete template mechanism is safe, and judge whether the concrete filling amount is uniform or not and whether the concrete filling amount leaks, and prevent the template collapse accident. The method has the advantages of high measurement precision, recycling, energy conservation and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering, in particular to a concrete formwork lateral pressure monitoring device and method.
Background
In the technical field of building engineering, cast-in-place concrete is a construction means commonly used in the field, and a template is fixed in advance and then concrete slurry is injected. On a plurality of large-volume concrete pouring sites, the steel templates are different in shape and comprise vertical templates, transverse templates and oblique templates, the height and width ranges of the templates are different, and the bearing capacity of the templates with different specifications is different when concrete is poured; the greater the depth of the formwork, the greater the lateral pressure of the poured concrete against the formwork, and in particular against diagonal and transverse formworks. In addition, under some severe environments, unmanned mechanized concrete pouring construction is more and more, hidden dangers such as whether concrete is leaked during concrete pouring and whether the pressure of a template is larger are unknown, casualty accidents caused by template collapse are frequent every year, and particularly during bridge construction and high-rise building pouring construction, the probability of the template collapse accidents is extremely high. Therefore, a reasonable construction mode is very important for building safety, and most of the template collapse accidents can be avoided if the template compression condition can be mastered in real time.
For a research method for monitoring the side pressure of a template, a pressure box is usually fixedly arranged on the inner side of the template, the pressure box is tightly attached to the inner wall of the template, then concrete is poured, and the side pressure of the concrete to the template is measured through the pressure box. According to the measuring method, the pressure box is arranged in the formwork, the pressure box after concrete pouring is solidified in the concrete and cannot be taken out, the pressure box is not suitable for large-volume concrete pouring engineering application, the pressure box is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the formwork, and when the pressure box is subjected to lateral pressure of the concrete pouring, the lateral pressure is synchronously transmitted to the formwork by the pressure box, so that the formwork deforms. The lateral pressure of the template at the position of the pressure box is different, so that the pressure working condition of the pressure box is not consistent with the pressure working condition of the template, namely the lateral pressure of the template at the position of the pressure box is obviously greater than the lateral pressure of the template at other positions, and the pressure value of the test cannot accurately reflect the pressure condition of the template.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a concrete formwork lateral pressure monitoring device and a concrete formwork lateral pressure monitoring method, so as to solve the problem of monitoring the lateral pressure of a concrete formwork on the premise of less influence on the formwork.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device comprising:
the concrete formwork mechanism comprises a formwork, and through holes are formed in the formwork;
the pressure measuring unit module comprises an elastic membrane stress base, wherein a boss, a first groove and a second groove which are communicated with each other are arranged on the elastic membrane stress base, the first groove is larger than the second groove, the first groove is arranged close to the rear end face of the elastic membrane stress base, the boss is embedded in the through hole of the template, and the front end face of the boss and the front end face of the template are on the same plane; a plurality of gratings are distributed in the second groove, the front end faces of the gratings are arranged in contact with the bottom face of the second groove, the gratings are connected through transmission optical fibers, the gratings and the transmission optical fibers are fixedly arranged in the second groove through structural adhesive, one end of a grating string formed by the gratings connected in series through the transmission optical fibers is connected with an outgoing optical fiber, and the outgoing optical fiber is arranged outside the second groove;
the pressure measuring module sealing mechanism comprises a sealing cylinder sleeve, the sealing cylinder sleeve is at least partially embedded into the first groove, and a through inner cavity is formed in the sealing cylinder sleeve; the template is provided with a cylinder sleeve fixing support frame through a bolt, the cylinder sleeve fixing support frame is arranged away from a through hole in the template, the rear end surface of the cylinder sleeve fixing support frame and the rear end surface of the sealing cylinder sleeve are provided with a cylinder sleeve limiting baffle, the cylinder sleeve limiting baffle is connected to the cylinder sleeve fixing support frame through a bolt thread, and the front end surface of the cylinder sleeve limiting baffle is arranged in contact with the rear end surface of the cylinder sleeve fixing support frame and the rear end surface of the sealing cylinder sleeve;
the pressure measuring module fixing mechanism comprises a pressure measuring module supporting tailstock, the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock is embedded into an inner cavity of a sealing cylinder sleeve of the pressure measuring module sealing mechanism through a through hole formed in a cylinder sleeve limiting baffle, and the rear end face of the grating is in contact with the front end face of the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock; the thickness of the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock is larger than that of the sealing cylinder sleeve, and an optical fiber hole is formed in the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock and used for leading out the leading-out optical fiber; the template is provided with a supporting tailstock fixing support frame through a bolt, the supporting tailstock fixing support frame is far away from a through hole in the template, a supporting tailstock baffle is arranged on the rear end face of the supporting tailstock fixing support frame and the rear end face of the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock, the supporting tailstock baffle is connected to the supporting tailstock fixing support frame through a bolt in a threaded mode, and the front end face of the supporting tailstock baffle is arranged in contact with the rear end face of the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock and the rear end face of the supporting tailstock fixing support frame;
the optical signal processing unit comprises an optical signal acquisition module, the optical signal acquisition module is aligned with the leading-out optical fiber, and the optical signal acquisition module is sequentially connected with a transmission module and an optical signal processing module.
Further, a first sealing ring is arranged between the second end face of the elastic diaphragm stress base and the combining surface of the formwork; and/or a second sealing ring is arranged on a joint surface between the elastic membrane stress base and the sealing cylinder sleeve; and/or a third sealing ring is arranged between the sealing cylinder sleeve and the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock.
Further, according to the lateral pressure monitoring device for the concrete formwork provided by the invention, the pressure measuring module fixing mechanism further comprises a screw rod which is in threaded connection with the inside of a blind threaded hole formed in the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock through a supporting tailstock baffle.
Further, according to the lateral pressure monitoring device for the concrete template provided by the invention, the screw rod is in threaded connection with the locking nut, and the locking nut is positioned on the rear end face of the supporting tailstock baffle.
Further, according to the lateral pressure monitoring device for the concrete formwork provided by the invention, the cylinder sleeve fixing support frames are a pair of oppositely arranged, and the cylinder sleeve fixing support frames are arranged in contact with the side face of the second body of the elastic diaphragm stressed base.
Further, according to the lateral pressure monitoring device for the concrete formwork provided by the invention, the pair of the supporting tailstock fixing support frames is oppositely arranged, and the supporting tailstock fixing support frames and the cylinder sleeve fixing support frames are perpendicularly arranged in a crossed manner or are arranged on the outer sides of the cylinder sleeve fixing support frames.
In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution provided by the present invention is: a concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device comprising:
the concrete formwork mechanism comprises a formwork, and through holes are formed in the formwork;
the pressure measuring unit module comprises an elastic membrane stress base, a boss and a second groove are arranged on the elastic membrane stress base, the boss is embedded in the through hole of the template, and the front end face of the boss and the front end face of the template are on the same plane; a plurality of gratings are distributed in the second groove, the front end faces of the gratings are arranged in contact with the bottom face of the second groove, the gratings are connected through transmission optical fibers, the gratings and the transmission optical fibers are fixedly arranged in the second groove through structural adhesive, one end of a grating string formed by the gratings connected in series through the transmission optical fibers is connected with an outgoing optical fiber, and the outgoing optical fiber is arranged outside the second groove;
the cover plate is positioned at the rear end of the elastic diaphragm stress base, the cover plate penetrates through the elastic diaphragm stress base through a bolt and is connected to the template in a threaded mode, the rear end face of the grating is arranged in contact with the front end face of the cover plate, and an optical fiber hole for leading out an optical fiber is formed in the cover plate;
the optical signal processing unit comprises an optical signal acquisition module, the optical signal acquisition module is aligned to the leading-out optical fiber, and the optical signal acquisition module is sequentially connected with a transmission module and an optical signal processing module.
Further, the concrete formwork lateral pressure monitoring device provided by the invention and/or a first sealing ring is arranged between the joint surfaces of the cover plate and the formwork; and/or a second sealing ring is arranged between the joint surface between the elastic membrane stress base and the cover plate.
In order to solve the above technical problem, another technical solution provided by the present invention is: a concrete formwork lateral pressure monitoring method adopts the concrete formwork lateral pressure monitoring device, when concrete is poured through a concrete formwork mechanism, an optical signal acquisition module is aligned to lead out an optical fiber real-time emission light source, the lateral pressure of the concrete to a formwork is reflected on a grating of a pressure measuring unit module, when the grating of the pressure measuring unit module receives the lateral pressure of the concrete in pouring, a wavelength signal of reflected light of the optical fiber is led out and transmitted to the optical signal acquisition module, the optical signal acquisition module transmits an optical signal to an optical signal processing module through a transmission module, the pressure change of the grating is calculated through the optical signal processing module, and therefore the lateral pressure value of the concrete to the formwork is obtained.
Further, according to the method for monitoring the lateral pressure of the concrete formwork provided by the invention, the calculation formula of the lateral pressure value of the concrete to the formwork is as follows:
σx = Ex ； （1）
wherein:
σxthe lateral pressure value of the concrete to the template is unit (pa);
e represents the modulus of elasticity, in units (pa);
xfor grating strain (mu)
In the above formula (1)xThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
x= K（λ1 -λ0）-B（λt1 -λt0）； （2）
wherein:
k is the grating strain coefficient (mu/nm) and takes a positive value;
b is a temperature correction coefficient;
λ 1 is the current wavelength value (nm) of the strain gate;
λ 0 is the strain-grating initial wavelength value (nm);
λ t1 is the current wavelength value (nm) of the temperature compensation grating;
λ t0 is the initial wavelength value (nm) of the temperature compensation grating;
the calculation formula of B in the above formula (2) is:
b = k x 2.3+ (a-a B) x 108, unit (μ/nm) (3)
Wherein:
k is a gain coefficient;
alpha A is the coefficient of thermal expansion of the measured object;
and alpha B is the thermal expansion coefficient of the sensor structural member.
Further, according to the method for monitoring the lateral pressure of the concrete formwork provided by the invention, the average value of the lateral pressure value of the concrete to the formwork is as follows:
wherein:
σmean value ofThe average value of the lateral pressure value of the concrete to the template is obtained;
σ1，σ2，σ3……σncollecting lateral pressure values of the concrete on the template for the first grating to the nth grating;
n is the number of gratings.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the concrete template side pressure monitoring device provided by the invention, when concrete is poured through the concrete template mechanism, the side pressure of the poured concrete to the template is transmitted to the grating through the elastic membrane stress base, the grating is supported by the cover plate or the pressure measuring module by the tailstock in a counter-force manner to prevent separation, so that the reflected signal of the grating is transmitted to the optical signal processing unit to calculate the side pressure value of the concrete to the template, and the concrete template side pressure monitoring device has the effect of high precision.
According to the concrete formwork lateral pressure monitoring device provided by the invention, as the front end face of the boss of the elastic diaphragm stress base and the front end face of the formwork are on the same plane, the lateral pressure of concrete on the formwork is synchronously transmitted to the grating through the elastic diaphragm stress base of the pressure measuring unit module, so that the lateral pressure of the concrete on the formwork is consistent with the lateral pressure of the concrete on the pressure measuring unit module, therefore, the concrete formwork lateral pressure monitoring device provided by the invention can accurately monitor the lateral pressure of the concrete on the formwork, and whether the supporting state of a concrete formwork mechanism is safe or not is judged according to the monitored lateral pressure value; through set up a plurality of through-holes on the template and when the embedding set up the pressure cell module, can judge whether unanimous the operating mode that concreting in the concrete template mechanism of different positions, can judge whether even, whether reveal of the concrete filling volume in the concrete template mechanism. The lateral pressure of the formwork of the concrete formwork mechanism is monitored in real time, so that the construction quality of cast-in-place concrete is improved, concrete filling in the concrete formwork mechanism is fuller, and when constructors pour concrete, the compression degree of the formwork is used as a reference, so that the occurrence of formwork collapse accidents can be prevented, and the concrete pouring process is more reasonable and orderly.
According to the concrete template lateral pressure monitoring device provided by the invention, after concrete is poured by the concrete template mechanism, the concrete template lateral pressure monitoring device can be conveniently detached and separated relative to the through hole of the template, and the template and the concrete template lateral pressure monitoring device on the template can be integrally detached from a constructed concrete structure, so that the concrete template lateral pressure monitoring device has the effects of recycling, energy saving and environmental protection. Compared with the pressure box arranged on the inner side of the template, the pressure box overcomes the defects that the lateral pressure of the pressure box and the template is inconsistent and the pressure box cannot be detached after pouring.
The method for monitoring the lateral pressure of the concrete template provided by the invention measures the lateral pressure value of the concrete to the template through the optical signal, and has the effect of high measurement precision.
In order to solve the above technical problem, another technical solution provided by the present invention is: a concrete formwork lateral pressure monitoring device comprises a pressure sensor, wherein the pressure sensor is embedded into a through hole formed in a concrete formwork, and the front end face of the pressure sensor and the front end face of the concrete formwork are on the same plane.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects: the pressure sensor can be detached from the template, so that the effects of repeated cyclic utilization, energy conservation and environmental protection are achieved. Compared with the pressure box arranged on the inner side of the template, the pressure box overcomes the defects that the lateral pressure of the pressure box and the template is inconsistent and the pressure box cannot be detached after pouring. Compared with the technical scheme, the novel electric heating furnace has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in assembly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lateral pressure monitoring device assembled on a concrete form according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a concrete form in a lateral pressure monitoring device for a concrete form according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of another perspective view of a lateral pressure monitoring device for a concrete form according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lateral pressure monitoring device for a concrete form according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a force-receiving base of an elastic diaphragm of a pressure measuring unit module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the distribution of gratings in a pressure cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a cylinder sleeve and an optical fiber lead-out according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a pressure measuring module supporting tailstock according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical signal processing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device in another structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
shown in the figure:
100. a pressure measuring unit module; 110. the flexible diaphragm stress base 111, the first end face 112, the first body side face 113, the second end face 114, the second body side face 115, the third end face 116, the first groove 117, the second groove 120, the grating 130, the transmission optical fiber 140, the structural adhesive 150 and the lead-out optical fiber;
200. the pressure measuring module comprises a pressure measuring module sealing mechanism 210, a sealing cylinder sleeve 220, a cylinder sleeve fixing support frame 230 and a cylinder sleeve limiting baffle plate;
300. the pressure measuring module fixing mechanism 310 comprises a pressure measuring module supporting tailstock 311, a column structure 312, a blind threaded hole 320, a supporting tailstock fixing support frame 330, a supporting tailstock baffle 340, a screw rod 350 and a locking nut;
400. a concrete template mechanism 410, a template 411, through holes 420, template trusses 430 and butt bolts;
500. an optical signal processing unit; 510. a power supply module; 520. an optical signal acquisition module; 530. a transmission module; 540. an optical signal processing module; 550. mounting a bracket;
600. a concrete structure;
701. a first seal ring; 702. a second seal ring 703, a third seal ring 704, a bolt;
800. and (7) a cover plate.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
referring to fig. 1 and 5, the front end surface of the embodiment of the present invention refers to a surface close to a concrete pouring or concrete structure, and the rear end surface refers to a surface far from the concrete pouring or concrete structure.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a lateral pressure monitoring device for a concrete form according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the pressure measuring unit module 100, the pressure measuring module sealing mechanism 200, the pressure measuring module fixing mechanism 300, the concrete template mechanism 400 and the optical signal processing unit 500.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the concrete form mechanism 400 mainly includes a form 410, a form truss 420, and a docking bolt 430. Wherein the template 410 is provided with through holes 411. In fig. 3, the shape of the through hole 411 is illustrated as a circular hole, but the shape of the through hole 411 is not limited to a circular hole, and may be a rectangular hole, a square hole, or a regular polygonal hole. Wherein the concrete form mechanism 400 is not limited to the concrete form mechanism 400 of the counter-pulling structure. But may also be a template system of other known techniques in the art. Wherein the concrete form mechanism 400 may be provided on an existing concrete structure 600 or may be provided in a planned area of the concrete structure 600 to be constructed. Referring to fig. 1, the lateral pressure monitoring device for a concrete form according to the embodiment of the present invention may be applied to a concrete structure 600 of a vertical wall, or may be applied to a concrete structure 600 of an inclined wall. The form 410 may be a steel form or a wood form.
Referring to fig. 5 to 7, the pressure measuring unit module 100 mainly includes an elastic membrane force-bearing base 110, a grating 120, a transmission fiber 130, a structural adhesive 140, and an outgoing fiber 150.
Referring to fig. 5 to 7, the elastic membrane force-receiving base 110 may include a first end surface 111, a first body side surface 112, a second end surface 113, a second body side surface 114, a third end surface 115, a first groove 116, and a second groove 117. The first end surface 111, the first body side surface 112 and the second end surface 113 form a boss, the boss is embedded in the through hole 411 of the template 410, the first end surface 111 of the boss is the front end surface of the elastic membrane stress base 110, and the front end surface of the elastic membrane stress base 110 and the front end surface of the template 410 are on the same plane. The second end surface 113 of the boss is in the same plane as the rear end surface of the template 410, i.e., they are in a coincident relationship. The shape of the boss matches with the shape of the through hole 411 of the template 410, and the thickness of the first body side surface 112 between the first end surface 111 and the second end surface 113 is equal to the thickness of the template 410, so that the elastic membrane force-bearing base 110 is embedded in the through hole 411 of the template 410 through the boss. That is, the elastic membrane force-receiving base 110 and the through hole 411 of the template 410 may be in interference fit. The third end face 115 of the elastic membrane stress base 110 is provided with a first groove 116 and a second groove 117 which are mutually communicated towards the first end face 111, wherein the first groove 116 is larger than the second groove 117, the first groove 116 is close to the third end face 115, a plurality of gratings 120 are distributed in the second groove 117, adjacent gratings 120 are connected through a transmission optical fiber 130, the gratings 120 and the transmission optical fiber 130 are fixedly arranged in the second groove 117 through a structural adhesive 140, one end of a grating string formed by the gratings 120 connected in series through the transmission optical fiber 130 is connected with an outgoing optical fiber 150, and the outgoing optical fiber 150 is arranged outside the second groove 117. Wherein the back facet of the grating 120 may or may not be flush with the top surface of the second recess 117. The front end face of the grating 120 contacts the bottom surface of the second groove 117 of the elastic diaphragm force-receiving base 110. The center of the elastic membrane force-bearing base 110 and the center of the through hole 411 on the template 410 are on the same straight line, that is, when the through hole 411 is a circular hole, the boss of the elastic membrane force-bearing base 110 is a cylinder, and at this time, the elastic membrane force-bearing base 110 and the through hole 411 are coaxial.
The first groove 116 and the second groove 117 of the embodiment of the present invention include, but are not limited to, circular grooves, and may also be square grooves, angular grooves, rectangular grooves, quadrangles, and other regular polygonal shapes.
Referring to fig. 5, in order to achieve sealing and prevent external liquid from penetrating from a fit gap to affect a service life or pressure monitoring, a first sealing ring 701 is disposed between the second end surface 113 of the elastic diaphragm stressed base 110 and a joint surface of the formwork 410, where the first sealing ring 701 may be disposed in an annular groove formed in the second end surface 113 extending to the second body side surface 114, and of course, an annular groove may also be formed in the formwork 410, but considering that when concrete is poured, the bearing lateral pressure of the formwork 410 is reduced due to the formation of the annular groove in the formwork 410, and the bearing pressure of the formwork 410 may be affected, the embodiment of the present invention does not consider that the annular groove is formed in the formwork 410 to dispose the first sealing ring 701.
Referring to fig. 4, 5 and 8, the pressure measuring module sealing mechanism 200 mainly includes a sealing cylinder sleeve 210, a cylinder sleeve fixing support frame 220 and a cylinder sleeve limiting baffle 230. Wherein the sealing cylinder sleeve 210 is at least partially embedded within the first recess 116 of the resilient diaphragm force-receiving base 110 of the load cell module 100. The sealing cylinder sleeve 210 is provided with a through inner cavity, and the shape of the inner cavity can be a cuboid, a regular polygon or a cylinder, that is, the cross section of the inner cavity can be a rectangle, a regular polygon or a circle. The cylinder sleeve fixing support frame 220 can be arranged on the template 410 through bolts 704, and the cylinder sleeve fixing support frame 220 is far away from the through holes in the template. The rear end face of cylinder liner fixed bolster 220 and the rear end face of sealed cylinder liner 210 can flush, the rear end face of cylinder liner fixed bolster 220 and the rear end face of sealed cylinder liner 210 set up cylinder liner limit baffle 230, cylinder liner limit baffle 230 passes through bolt 704 threaded connection on cylinder liner fixed bolster 220, just the preceding terminal surface of cylinder liner limit baffle 230 with the rear end face of cylinder liner fixed bolster 220 and the rear end face of sealed cylinder liner 210 contact the setting. The sealing cylinder sleeve 210 is fixedly arranged through the bolt 704, the cylinder sleeve limiting baffle 230 and the cylinder sleeve fixing support frame 220, so that the sealing cylinder sleeve 210 is tightly matched with the elastic diaphragm force-bearing base 110. In order to prevent the sealing cylinder sleeve 210 from being displaced due to vibration during concrete casting, the cylinder sleeve fixing support frame 220 may be disposed in contact with the side surface of the elastic diaphragm force-receiving base 110. For example, when the cylinder liner 210 is a torus, the liner-fixing support 220 may be tangentially arranged to contact the elastic diaphragm force-receiving base 110. The cylinder sleeve limiting baffle 230 may be provided with a through hole having the same size and shape as the cross section of the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder sleeve 210, so as to facilitate assembly. The cylinder sleeve fixing and supporting frames 220 of the embodiment of the invention are a pair of opposite, two. Of course, the cylinder sleeve fixing and supporting frames 220 are not limited to one pair, but may be two pairs, i.e. four pairs, distributed in a rectangular shape; but also circular holders, etc. The cylinder liner limit baffle 230 limits the positional movement of the sealing cylinder liner 210, thereby improving the measurement accuracy.
Referring to fig. 5, in order to achieve sealing and prevent external liquid from permeating through the fit clearance to affect the service life or the pressure monitoring, a second sealing ring 702 is disposed on a joint surface between the sealing cylinder sleeve 210 and the elastic membrane force-receiving base 110, wherein the second sealing ring 702 may be disposed in an annular groove formed in the sealing cylinder sleeve 210, or disposed in an annular groove formed in the elastic membrane force-receiving base 110, or disposed between the two joint surfaces.
Referring to fig. 4 to 5 and 9, the pressure measuring module fixing mechanism 300 mainly includes a pressure measuring module supporting tailstock 310, a supporting tailstock fixing support 320 and a supporting tailstock baffle 330; a threaded rod 340 and a retaining nut 350 may also be included. Wherein the pressure measuring module supports among the through-hole that tailstock 310 set up through cylinder liner limit baffle 230 is embedded into the inner chamber of the sealed cylinder liner 210 of pressure measuring module sealing mechanism 200, the rear end face of grating 120 contacts the setting with the preceding terminal surface that pressure measuring module supported tailstock 310, then both ends are supported tailstock 310 by elastic diaphragm atress base 110 and pressure measuring module respectively around grating 120 and contact the setting to guarantee the reliability and the stability of the connection of grating, in order to realize accurate measurement. The rear end surface of the grating 120, the front end surface of the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock 310, and the front end surface of the sealing cylinder sleeve 210 may or may not be on the same plane, and it is only required to ensure that the front end surface of the grating 120 contacts the bottom surface of the second groove 117 and the rear end surface of the grating contacts the front end surface of the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock 310. The depth of the second groove 117 may extend to between the second end surface 113 and the first end surface 111, so that the thickness between the bottom surface of the second groove 117 and the first end surface 111 is thinner, so that after the cast concrete contacts the first end surface 111, the lateral pressure can be more conveniently and rapidly transmitted to the grating 120, thereby improving the sensitivity of the grating 120. For the convenience of assembly, when the pressure measuring module support tailstock 310 is embedded in the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder sleeve 210, after the lubricating oil is applied to the inner surface of the sealing cylinder sleeve 210 or the outer surface of the pressure measuring module support tailstock 310, the pressure measuring module support tailstock 310 may be installed in the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder sleeve 210. The pressure measuring module support tailstock 310 and the sealing cylinder sleeve 210 are in interference fit, so that the sealing performance of the fit clearance is guaranteed, and external liquid is prevented from permeating into the pressure measuring device from the fit clearance. For example, the shape of the pressure measuring module support tailstock 310 of the embodiment of the present invention matches the shape of the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder sleeve 210, when the pressure measuring module support tailstock 310 is in a cylindrical structure 311 such as a cylinder, and the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder sleeve 210 is in a cylindrical cavity matching the cylindrical structure, the relationship between the sealing cylinder sleeve 210 and the pressure measuring module support tailstock 310 on the same straight line shows the same axis. The thickness of the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock 310 is greater than that of the sealing cylinder sleeve 210, and the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock 310 is provided with a fiber hole for leading out the leading-out fiber 150 of the pressure measuring unit module 100, that is, the leading-out fiber 150 is arranged outside the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock 310. The template 410 is provided with a supporting tailstock fixing support frame 320 through a bolt 704, the supporting tailstock fixing support frame 320 is far away from a through hole 411 on the template 410, a supporting tailstock baffle 330 is arranged on the rear end face of the supporting tailstock fixing support frame 320 and the rear end face of the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock 310, the supporting tailstock baffle 330 is in threaded connection with the supporting tailstock fixing support frame 320 through the bolt 704, and the front end face of the supporting tailstock baffle 330 is in contact with the rear end face of the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock 310 and the rear end face of the supporting tailstock fixing support frame 320. The pressure measuring module supporting tailstock 310 is fixed by the tailstock supporting baffle 330 and the tailstock supporting support 320. The rear end surface of the supporting tailstock fixing support frame 320 and the rear end surface of the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock 310 may be flush, that is, they may or may not be on the same plane. The supporting tailstock fixing support frames 320 in the embodiment of the present invention may be a pair of opposing support tailstock fixing support frames, and the two opposing support tailstock fixing support frames 320 and the cylinder sleeve fixing support frame 220 may be vertically crossed. Of course, the support tailstock fixing support 320 may be disposed outside the cylinder liner fixing support 220.
Referring to fig. 4, the cylinder sleeve fixing support 220 and the tailstock-fixing support 320 according to the embodiment of the present invention may be both i-shaped, or may be in other forms. The bolts 704 threadedly engaged with the cylinder liner fixing support 220 and the tailstock-fixing support 320 may be distributed at the corners of the tailstock-supporting baffle 330 and the cylinder liner-limiting baffle 230. The cylinder sleeve fixing support frame 220 and the support tailstock fixing support frame 320 are vertically distributed on the template 410 in a crossed mode, acting force on the template 410 can be dispersed, and compared with the arrangement on the same side, damage to the template 410 can be reduced.
The sealing cylinder sleeve 210 of the embodiment of the invention can position the pressure measuring module to support the tailstock 310, so as to realize the rapid assembly.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in order to prevent the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock 310 from loosening and increase the connection stability, in the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock 310 is provided with a blind threaded hole 312, and a screw 340 is threaded into the blind threaded hole 312 through a supporting tailstock baffle 330 to reinforce the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock 310. At this time, the support tailstock baffle 330 may be provided with a threaded through hole at a corresponding position to penetrate the support tailstock baffle 330 through the screw 340; in addition, the tailstock supporting baffle 330 may also be provided with a through hole at a corresponding position, and at this time, the screw 340 must be provided with a lock nut 350, and the lock nut 350 is located on the rear end surface of the tailstock supporting baffle 330, so that the tailstock supporting baffle 330 is driven by tightening the screw 340 and the lock nut 350 to apply a reverse pressure to the pressure measuring module tailstock 310, thereby preventing the tailstock supporting baffle 330 from loosening due to vibration during concrete pouring. The through hole or the threaded through hole of the tailstock supporting baffle 330 is coaxial with the blind threaded hole 312 of the pressure measuring module tailstock 310. The screw 340 passes through the tailstock supporting baffle 330 and is in threaded fit with the threaded hole of the pressure measuring module tailstock 310, and the pressure measuring module tailstock 310 is locked on the rear end surface of the tailstock supporting baffle 330 by the lock nut 350.
Referring to fig. 5, in order to achieve sealing and prevent external liquid from penetrating from the fit gap to affect the service life or pressure monitoring, a third sealing ring 703 is disposed between the pressure measuring module tailstock 310 and the sealing cylinder sleeve 210, and in order to increase the sealing effect, the third sealing ring 703 may be distributed at equal intervals over 2. This embodiment shows 3 third seals 703. The third sealing ring 703 may be disposed in an annular groove formed in the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder sleeve 210, an annular groove formed in the outer contour surface of the pressure measuring module tail seat 310, or an annular groove formed therebetween. It should be noted that the shape of the annular groove of the embodiment of the present invention is exemplified by a circle, but is not limited to a circle. The first sealing ring 701, the second sealing ring 702 and the third sealing ring 703 can be rubber rings, and have the effects of good elasticity and good sealing property.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 10, the optical signal processing unit 500 mainly includes a power supply module 510, an optical signal acquisition module 520, a transmission module 530 and an optical signal processing module 540. Wherein the power supply module 510 can provide power supply for the optical signal collection module 520, the transmission module 530 and the optical signal processing module 540. Of course, the optical signal collection module 520, the transmission module 530 and the optical signal processing module 540 may be configured with a separate power supply module 510. The optical signal processing module 540 may be a microprocessor, or a circuit board or a device with a microprocessor, for example, the optical signal processing module 540 may be a computer or a mobile phone. The power supply module 510, the optical signal collection module 520, and the transmission module 530 may be disposed on the mold plate 410 through the mounting bracket 550, or may be disposed outside the mold plate 410. In monitoring pressure, the optical signal collection module 520 needs to be aligned with the outgoing optical fiber 150. The transmission template 530 may be a wired transmission or a wireless transmission.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the working principle of the lateral pressure monitoring device for a concrete formwork according to the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
the pressure measuring unit module 100 is fixedly arranged on the template 410 of the concrete template mechanism 400 through the pressure measuring module sealing mechanism 200 and the pressure measuring module fixing mechanism 300, when concrete is poured through the concrete template mechanism 400, the optical signal acquisition module 520 of the optical signal processing unit 500 is aligned with the lead-out optical fiber 150 to emit a light source in real time, the lateral pressure of the concrete on the template 410 is reflected on a grating of the pressure measuring unit module 100, when the grating 120 of the pressure measuring unit module 100 is subjected to the lateral pressure of the concrete pouring, the reflected light signal is transmitted to the optical signal acquisition module 520 through the lead-out optical fiber 150, the optical signal acquisition module 520 transmits the optical signal to the optical signal processing module 540 through the transmission module 530, the pressure change of the grating 120 is calculated through the optical signal processing module 540, and therefore the lateral pressure value of the concrete on the template 410 is obtained.
According to the concrete formwork lateral pressure monitoring device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the structural strain of the grating 120 is generated by utilizing the change of the reflection wavelength lambda after the grating 120 is stressed, and the pressure borne by the grating 120 is further deduced. The calculation formula of the optical signal processing module 540 is:
σx = Ex ； （1）
wherein:
σxthe stress value is the lateral pressure value of the concrete to the template, unit (pa);
e represents the modulus of elasticity, in units (pa);
xfor grating strain (mu)
In the above formula (1)xThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
x= K（λ1 -λ0）-B（λt1 -λt0）； （2）
wherein:
k is the grating strain coefficient (mu/nm) and takes a positive value;
b is a temperature correction coefficient;
λ 1 is the current wavelength value (nm) of the strain gate;
λ 0 is the strain-grating initial wavelength value (nm);
λ t1 is the current wavelength value (nm) of the temperature compensation grating;
λ t0 is the initial wavelength value (nm) of the temperature compensation grating;
the calculation formula of B in the above formula (2) is:
b = k x 2.3+ (a-a B) x 108, unit (μ/nm) (3)
Wherein:
k is a gain coefficient;
alpha A is the coefficient of thermal expansion of the measured object;
alpha B is the thermal expansion coefficient of the sensor structural member;
to ensure the accuracy of the measured pressure values, the n gratings 120 disposed in the second groove 117 are averaged, and then the average value of the lateral pressure values of the concrete to the formwork 410 is:
wherein:
σmean value ofThe average value of the lateral pressure value of the concrete to the template is obtained;
σ1，σ2，σ3……σnlateral pressure values of the concrete collected for the first through nth gratings on the form 410;
n is the number of gratings and is an integer greater than 1.
The diameter of the through hole 411 on the template 410 of the embodiment of the invention can be a round through hole with the diameter of 10cm, and the round stress surface of the elastic membrane stress base at the through hole 411 is a monitoring point of the lateral pressure value of the concrete to the template 410.
Referring to fig. 11, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device based on the grating 120, which is improved on the basis of fig. 5 and 10, and includes a load cell module 100, a concrete form mechanism 400, an optical signal processing unit 500, and a cover plate 800. The pressure measuring module sealing mechanism 200 and the pressure measuring module fixing mechanism 300 in fig. 5 are removed to achieve the purpose of simplifying the structure, and the measuring principle is the same.
Referring to fig. 11, the pressure measuring unit module 100 includes an elastic membrane force-bearing base 110, a grating 120, a transmission fiber 130, a structural adhesive 140, and an outgoing fiber 150. The cover plate 800 is provided with a fiber hole for leading out the optical fiber 150. The elastic membrane stressed base 110 comprises a boss matched with the through hole 411 of the template 410, the boss is embedded in the through hole 411 of the template 410, the front end face of the boss is the front end face of the elastic membrane stressed base 110, the front end face of the elastic membrane stressed base 110 and the front end face of the template 410 are on the same plane, the rear end face of the elastic membrane stressed base 110 is provided with a second groove along the front end face, a plurality of gratings 120 connected through transmission optical fibers 130 are distributed in the second groove, one end of the gratings 120 connected in series is led out of the led-out optical fibers 150, the gratings 120 are fixed through structural adhesive 140 arranged in the second groove, the rear end face of the gratings 120 and the rear end face of the cover plate 800 are on the same plane, namely the rear end face of the gratings 120 and the rear end face of the cover plate 800 can be overlapped. The bolts 704 penetrate through the cover plate 800 and the elastic membrane force-bearing base 110 to be screwed on the template 410, and correspondingly, the threaded holes on the template 410 can be through holes or blind holes. In order to maintain the flatness and the stability of the front face of the form 410, the holes of the bolts 704 in the form 410 are preferably blind. The elastic membrane force-receiving base 110 may also be identical to the structure shown in fig. 5, in which the cover plate 800 is inserted into the first recess and is screwed by the bolt 704.
Referring to fig. 5 and 11, since the through hole 411 of the die plate 410 is a weak link of the die plate itself, and is a place where the force changes most significantly when the die plate 411 is pressed, in order to reduce damage to the die plate 410 and avoid an increase in force, the bolt 704 screwed on the cover plate 800, the elastic membrane force-receiving base 110 and the die plate 410 is selected to be disposed away from the through hole 411 of the die plate 410. I.e. the threaded holes in the template are located as far away from the through holes 411 as possible.
Referring to fig. 5, the advantage of the concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device with the above structure over fig. 11 is that the lateral pressure of the concrete to the form 410 is large, the impact load to the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock 310 is significant, and the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock 310 is supported by the supporting tailstock baffle 330 in a counterforce. The sealing cylinder sleeve is supported independently through the cylinder sleeve limiting baffle 230, the force distribution effect is better, and the damage to the template 410 can be effectively reduced. That is, when the concrete is poured, the lateral pressure of the concrete on the formwork 410 acts on the pressure measuring module support tailstock 310 and the sealing cylinder sleeve 210, and the sealing cylinder sleeve 210 and the pressure measuring module support tailstock 310 are separable and support, respectively, so that the force distribution effect is better.
In summary, the pressure measuring unit module 100 and the optical signal processing unit 500 according to the embodiment of the invention constitute a pressure sensor with a split structure. Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described grating 120 type of pressure sensor having a split structure. The pressure sensor may be an integral pressure sensor known in the art, the optical signal processing unit 500 may be removed, or the pressure measuring module sealing mechanism 200, the pressure measuring module fixing mechanism 300 and the cover plate 800 may be removed, so that the known pressure sensor is only required to be embedded into the through hole 411 of the template 410, and at this time, the cross-sectional area of the through hole 411 may be the same as that of the integral pressure sensor, and the front end surface of the pressure sensor and the front end surface of the template 410 are ensured to be on the same plane. Or the grating 120 and the transmission optical fiber 130 in fig. 5 and fig. 11 are replaced by a pressure sensor and a connecting wire which are well known in the art, the outgoing optical fiber is replaced by an outgoing line of the pressure sensor which is of an integrated structure, and the lateral pressure value of the concrete on the template 410 is transmitted by the well-known pressure sensor through a wire or a wireless mode. For example, the lateral pressure values collected by known pressure sensors are transmitted directly to a cell phone or a computer for monitoring.
The embodiment of the invention provides a concrete formwork lateral pressure monitoring device which comprises a pressure sensor with an integrated structure, wherein the pressure sensor with the integrated structure is embedded into a through hole 411 arranged in a formwork 410, and the front end surface of the pressure sensor with the integrated structure and the front end surface of the formwork 410 are on the same plane.
According to the concrete template lateral pressure monitoring device provided by the embodiment of the invention, when concrete is poured through the concrete template mechanism 400, the lateral pressure of the concrete on the template 410 is transmitted to the grating 120 through the elastic membrane stress base 110, the grating 120 is supported by the cover plate 800 or the pressure measuring module support tailstock 310 in a counter-force manner to prevent separation, so that the reflected signal of the grating 120 is transmitted to the optical signal processing unit 500 to calculate the lateral pressure value of the concrete on the template, and the concrete template lateral pressure monitoring device has the effect of high precision.
Because the front end surface of the elastic membrane stressed base 110 and the front end surface of the template 410 are on the same plane, the lateral pressure of the elastic membrane stressed base is equal to that of the template 410, namely the lateral pressure of the elastic membrane stressed base is consistent with that of the template, therefore, the lateral pressure monitoring device for the concrete template provided by the invention can accurately monitor the lateral pressure of concrete on the template 410, and judge whether the supporting state of the concrete template mechanism 400 is safe or not according to the monitored lateral pressure value; through set up a plurality of through-holes 411 on template 410 and when setting up the pressure cell module, can judge whether unanimous in the concrete template mechanism 400 concrete placement operating mode of different positions, whether the concrete filling volume in concrete template mechanism 400 is even, whether reveal, carry out real-time supervision through the template 410 lateral pressure to concrete template mechanism 400, thereby cast in situ concrete's construction quality has been improved, concrete filling is fuller in making concrete template mechanism 400, when constructor pours the concrete, with the template pressurized degree as the reference, can prevent the template occurence of failure that collapses, concrete placement technology is more reasonable orderly.
According to the lateral pressure monitoring device for the concrete formwork in the embodiment of the invention, after the through hole 411 is formed in the formwork 410, the formwork 410 is notched, so that the pouring of concrete is influenced, therefore, in the embodiment of the invention, the pressure measuring unit module 110 is embedded into the through hole 411 to fill and supplement the formwork 410, and the pressure measuring unit module 110 and the formwork 410 are on the same plane, so that the notch at the through hole 411 of the formwork 410 is filled, the formwork 410 forms a complete plane, the pouring of concrete is constructed through the concrete formwork mechanism 400, and meanwhile, the lateral pressure of the concrete on the formwork is monitored through the lateral pressure monitoring device for the concrete formwork. In the concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device according to the embodiment of the present invention, after the concrete is poured through the concrete form mechanism 400, the concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device can be detached and separated from the form 410, or the form and the concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device thereon can be integrally detached from the concrete structure 600 after construction, because the concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device is embedded into the through hole 411 of the form 410 from the rear end surface to the front end surface of the form 410, the main body part of the concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device is located on the rear end surface of the form 410, and the inner side surface of the form 410 still maintains a complete plane, that is, the structural part of the concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device is not arranged inside the form 410, so that the construction of the concrete is not affected, and after the concrete structure 600 is formed by the concrete form 400, the concrete formwork lateral pressure monitoring device and the formwork 410 thereof can be detached or detached integrally, so that the concrete formwork lateral pressure monitoring device can be recycled, and the defect that the pressure box cannot be detached due to the fact that the pressure box fixedly arranged on the inner side of the formwork and concrete are poured together in the prior art is overcome. Therefore, the concrete formwork lateral pressure monitoring device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the effects of energy conservation and environmental protection.
The concrete formwork lateral pressure monitoring device can be fixedly arranged on the formwork 410 by adopting fasteners such as bolts, and the through holes 411 of the formwork 410 are weak links of the formwork 410 and are places where the formwork 410 is most remarkably changed by lateral pressure, so that damage to the peripheries of the through holes 411 of the formwork 410 caused by the lateral pressure is reduced, and the stress is prevented from being increased, and when the concrete formwork lateral pressure monitoring device is fixed on the formwork 410 by adopting the fasteners, the fasteners are arranged on the formwork 410 far away from the through holes 411 as possible. The fasteners may be placed in the die plate 410 by providing threaded holes in the die plate 410. In order to make the structural surface of the rear end surface of the formwork 410 more flat for concrete casting and to form the concrete structure 600 having a smooth surface, the end surfaces of the fastening members may coincide with the front end surface of the formwork 410, i.e., on the same plane.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any variations and modifications thereof by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device, comprising:
the concrete formwork mechanism comprises a formwork, and through holes are formed in the formwork;
the pressure measuring unit module comprises an elastic membrane stress base, wherein a boss, a first groove and a second groove which are communicated with each other are arranged on the elastic membrane stress base, the first groove is larger than the second groove, the first groove is arranged close to the rear end face of the elastic membrane stress base, the boss is embedded in the through hole of the template, and the front end face of the boss and the front end face of the template are on the same plane; a plurality of gratings are distributed in the second groove, the front end faces of the gratings are arranged in contact with the bottom face of the second groove, the gratings are connected through transmission optical fibers, the gratings and the transmission optical fibers are fixedly arranged in the second groove through structural adhesive, one end of a grating string formed by the gratings connected in series through the transmission optical fibers is connected with an outgoing optical fiber, and the outgoing optical fiber is arranged outside the second groove;
the pressure measuring module sealing mechanism comprises a sealing cylinder sleeve, the sealing cylinder sleeve is at least partially embedded into the first groove, and a through inner cavity is formed in the sealing cylinder sleeve; the template is provided with a cylinder sleeve fixing support frame through a bolt, the cylinder sleeve fixing support frame is arranged away from a through hole in the template, the rear end surface of the cylinder sleeve fixing support frame and the rear end surface of the sealing cylinder sleeve are provided with a cylinder sleeve limiting baffle, the cylinder sleeve limiting baffle is connected to the cylinder sleeve fixing support frame through a bolt thread, and the front end surface of the cylinder sleeve limiting baffle is arranged in contact with the rear end surface of the cylinder sleeve fixing support frame and the rear end surface of the sealing cylinder sleeve;
the pressure measuring module fixing mechanism comprises a pressure measuring module supporting tailstock, the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock is embedded into an inner cavity of a sealing cylinder sleeve of the pressure measuring module sealing mechanism through a through hole formed in a cylinder sleeve limiting baffle, and the rear end face of the grating is in contact with the front end face of the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock; the thickness of the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock is larger than that of the sealing cylinder sleeve, and an optical fiber hole is formed in the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock and used for leading out the leading-out optical fiber; the template is provided with a supporting tailstock fixing support frame through a bolt, the supporting tailstock fixing support frame is far away from a through hole in the template, a supporting tailstock baffle is arranged on the rear end face of the supporting tailstock fixing support frame and the rear end face of the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock, the supporting tailstock baffle is connected to the supporting tailstock fixing support frame through a bolt in a threaded mode, and the front end face of the supporting tailstock baffle is arranged in contact with the rear end face of the pressure measuring module supporting tailstock and the rear end face of the supporting tailstock fixing support frame;
the optical signal processing unit comprises an optical signal acquisition module, the optical signal acquisition module is aligned with the leading-out optical fiber, and the optical signal acquisition module is sequentially connected with a transmission module and an optical signal processing module.
2. The concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device of claim 1, wherein a first sealing ring is arranged between the second end face of the elastic membrane stress base and the combining surface of the form; a second sealing ring is arranged on a joint surface between the elastic membrane stress base and the sealing cylinder sleeve; and a third sealing ring is arranged between the sealing cylinder sleeve and the pressure measuring module support tailstock.
3. The concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the pressure measuring module fixing mechanism further comprises a screw threaded through a support tailstock baffle within a blind threaded hole provided in the pressure measuring module support tailstock.
4. The concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device of claim 3, wherein a lock nut is threadedly connected to the screw, and the lock nut is located on the rear end face of the support tailstock baffle.
5. The concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the cylinder sleeve fixing support frames are a pair of oppositely arranged cylinder sleeve fixing support frames, and the cylinder sleeve fixing support frames are arranged in contact with the second body side face of the elastic diaphragm stressed base.
6. The concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the pair of supporting tailstock fixing support frames is oppositely arranged, the supporting tailstock fixing support frames and the cylinder sleeve fixing support frames are perpendicularly arranged in a crossed manner, or the supporting tailstock fixing support frames are arranged on the outer sides of the cylinder sleeve fixing support frames.
7. A concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device, comprising:
the concrete formwork mechanism comprises a formwork, and through holes are formed in the formwork;
the pressure measuring unit module comprises an elastic membrane stress base, a boss and a second groove are arranged on the elastic membrane stress base, the boss is embedded in the through hole of the template, and the front end face of the boss and the front end face of the template are on the same plane; a plurality of gratings are distributed in the second groove, the front end faces of the gratings are arranged in contact with the bottom face of the second groove, the gratings are connected through transmission optical fibers, the gratings and the transmission optical fibers are fixedly arranged in the second groove through structural adhesive, one end of a grating string formed by the gratings connected in series through the transmission optical fibers is connected with an outgoing optical fiber, and the outgoing optical fiber is arranged outside the second groove;
the cover plate is positioned at the rear end of the elastic diaphragm stress base, the cover plate penetrates through the elastic diaphragm stress base through a bolt and is connected to the template in a threaded mode, the rear end face of the grating is arranged in contact with the front end face of the cover plate, and an optical fiber hole for leading out an optical fiber is formed in the cover plate;
the optical signal processing unit comprises an optical signal acquisition module, the optical signal acquisition module is aligned with the leading-out optical fiber, and the optical signal acquisition module is sequentially connected with a transmission module and an optical signal processing module.
8. The concrete form lateral pressure monitoring device of claim 7, wherein a first sealing ring is arranged between the joint surfaces of the cover plate and the form; and a second sealing ring is arranged between the joint surface between the elastic membrane stress base and the cover plate.
9. A concrete template lateral pressure monitoring method is characterized in that the concrete template lateral pressure monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-8 is adopted, when concrete is poured through a concrete template mechanism, the optical signal acquisition module is aligned with the lead-out optical fiber to emit a light source in real time, the lateral pressure of the concrete to a template is reflected on a grating of the pressure measuring unit module, when the grating of the pressure measuring unit module is subjected to the lateral pressure change during concrete pouring, a wavelength signal of reflected light of the lead-out optical fiber is transmitted to the optical signal acquisition module, the optical signal acquisition module transmits an optical signal to the optical signal processing module through the transmission module, and the pressure change of the grating is calculated through the optical signal processing module, so that the lateral pressure value of the concrete to the template is obtained.
10. The method for monitoring the lateral pressure of the concrete formwork according to claim 9, wherein the calculation formula of the lateral pressure value of the concrete to the formwork is as follows:
σx＝Ex； (1)
wherein:
σxthe lateral pressure value of the concrete to the template is unit (pa);
e represents the modulus of elasticity, in units (pa);
xfor grating strain (mu)
In the above formula (1)xThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
x＝K(λ1-λ0)-B(λt1-λt0)； (2)
wherein:
k is the grating strain coefficient (mu/nm) and takes a positive value;
b is a temperature correction coefficient;
λ 1 is the current wavelength value (nm) of the strain gate;
λ 0 is the strain-grating initial wavelength value (nm);
λ t1 is the current wavelength value (nm) of the temperature compensation grating;
λ t0 is the initial wavelength value (nm) of the temperature compensation grating;
the calculation formula of B in the above formula (2) is:
b ═ k × 2.3+ (α a- α B) × 108, unit (μ/nm) (3)
Wherein:
k is a gain coefficient;
alpha A is the coefficient of thermal expansion of the measured object;
and alpha B is the thermal expansion coefficient of the sensor structural member.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the average of the lateral pressure values of the concrete against the form is:
wherein:
σmean value ofThe average value of the lateral pressure value of the concrete to the template is obtained;
σ1，σ2，σ3……σncollecting lateral pressure values of the concrete on the template for the first grating to the nth grating;
n is the number of gratings.
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| CN211234793U (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-08-11 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Grating miniature soil pressure sensor |
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