CN111487002A - Force measuring method for bridge spherical support - Google Patents
Force measuring method for bridge spherical support Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0028—Force sensors associated with force applying means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/165—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by means of a grating deformed by the object
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
- G01L1/246—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre using integrated gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于桥梁结构或建筑技术领域,更具体地说,是涉及一种桥梁球型支座的测力方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge structure or construction, and more particularly relates to a method for measuring the force of a spherical bearing of a bridge.
背景技术Background technique
桥梁支座是连接桥梁上部结构(梁体)和下部结构(墩台)的重要部件。它不仅要将上部结构受力和变形如实地传递给下部结构,而且在荷载、温度、混凝土收缩和徐变作用下,要适应上部结构的转角和位移,使上部结构可自由变形而不产生额外附加内力。因此,支座性能好坏,直接关系到整个桥梁能否正常工作及其使用寿命。The bridge bearing is an important part that connects the upper structure (beam body) and the lower structure (pier) of the bridge. It not only transmits the force and deformation of the superstructure to the substructure faithfully, but also adapts to the corners and displacements of the superstructure under the action of load, temperature, concrete shrinkage and creep, so that the superstructure can deform freely without generating additional Additional internal force. Therefore, the performance of the bearing is directly related to whether the entire bridge can work normally and its service life.
随着桥梁通行荷载和环境条件的变化,支座受力存在较大波动,而且长期偏压亦可导致支座受力不足、不均甚至脱空。伴随而来的是主梁内力、横梁内力、支座反力发生变化,改变桥梁结构受力模式,损坏主梁、桥面和墩台,降低支座使用寿命。桥梁支座的诸多病害会导致支座某些功能或全部功能的丧失,若检查不及时,带“病”工作,将给桥梁带来非常严重的危害。同时支座本身又是桥梁结构中易损伤却不易修补的构件,损坏后通常需要重新更换,更换施工会影响或中断交通,易造成经济损失和不良社会影响。With the change of bridge traffic load and environmental conditions, the bearing force fluctuates greatly, and the long-term bias can also lead to insufficient, uneven or even voiding of the bearing force. It is accompanied by changes in the internal force of the main beam, the internal force of the beam, and the reaction force of the bearing, which changes the stress mode of the bridge structure, damages the main beam, the bridge deck and the pier, and reduces the service life of the bearing. Many diseases of the bridge bearing will lead to the loss of some or all functions of the bearing. If the inspection is not timely and the work with "disease", it will bring very serious harm to the bridge. At the same time, the bearing itself is a component in the bridge structure that is easily damaged but not easy to repair. After damage, it usually needs to be replaced. The replacement construction will affect or interrupt the traffic, easily causing economic losses and adverse social impacts.
目前国内外关于桥梁支座受力及位移等测量参数,主要分为三种方法:一是均布式整体测力支座,它通过各种原理获得桥梁支座的整体应力,但这类方法只能有效测量支座整体承压荷载,不能细致地反映支座内部受力分布;二是非均布式整体测力支座,它是通过设立分立型传感器获得支座的整体受力,这些支座通过在传统支座中分别引入压力传感器、伸缩式可变电阻、光纤光栅传感器、应变片等敏感元件以支座非均布受力的形式获得支座的整体承压,不仅不能细致清楚地反应支座的内部受力分布,同时由于敏感元件的引入也对支座结构产生了较大的影响;三是桥梁支座脱空测试方法,但目前的方法存在测试物理量单一,测量位置单一,结构整体测量,对支座结构改变较大影响支座的力学性能等问题。因此,现有的支座监测方法还无法反映支座的分布受力,也不能实现敏感元件与支座的有效融合。At present, the measurement parameters such as force and displacement of the bridge bearing at home and abroad are mainly divided into three methods: one is the uniformly distributed integral force measuring bearing, which obtains the overall stress of the bridge bearing through various principles, but this kind of method It can only effectively measure the overall pressure load of the bearing, and cannot reflect the internal force distribution of the bearing in detail; the second is the non-uniform overall force measuring bearing, which obtains the overall force of the bearing by setting up discrete sensors. By introducing pressure sensors, telescopic variable resistors, fiber grating sensors, strain gauges and other sensitive elements into the traditional supports, the support can obtain the overall pressure of the support in the form of non-uniform force on the support. It reflects the internal force distribution of the bearing, and at the same time, the introduction of sensitive components also has a great impact on the bearing structure; the third is the bridge bearing voiding test method, but the current method has the characteristics of single test physical quantity and single measurement position. The overall measurement of the structure will greatly affect the mechanical properties of the support and other issues. Therefore, the existing support monitoring method cannot reflect the distributed force of the support, nor can it realize the effective integration of the sensitive element and the support.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提供一种桥梁球型支座的测力方法,旨在解决现有技术中存在的无法反应支座的分布受力以及不能实现敏感元件与支座的有效融合的技术问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the force of a bridge spherical bearing, which aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the distributed force of the bearing cannot be reflected and the effective integration of the sensitive element and the bearing cannot be realized.
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:提供一种桥梁球型支座的测力方法,用于测量桥梁球型支座的竖向载荷和竖向位移,包括以下步骤:In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is to provide a force measuring method of a bridge spherical bearing for measuring the vertical load and vertical displacement of the bridge spherical bearing, comprising the following steps:
在上支座板或下支座板上安装第一应变传感器,获取第一应变传感器测量的所述上支座板或所述下支座板的环向应变;Install a first strain sensor on the upper support plate or the lower support plate, and obtain the hoop strain of the upper support plate or the lower support plate measured by the first strain sensor;
根据测量所得的所述环向应变计算所述上支座板或所述下支座板的竖向载荷;Calculate the vertical load of the upper support plate or the lower support plate according to the measured hoop strain;
根据计算所得的所述竖向载荷计算所述上支座板或所述下支座板的竖向位移。The vertical displacement of the upper support plate or the lower support plate is calculated according to the calculated vertical load.
作为本发明的另一个实施例,在所述上支座板的外周壁或下支座板的外周壁上安装第一应变传感器,包括:在所述上支座板的外周壁或所述下支座板的外周壁上设置沿径向向内凹陷的环槽,在所述环槽内安装第一应变传感器,获取所述第一应变传感器测量的所述上支座板或所述下支座板于所述环槽处的环向应变。As another embodiment of the present invention, installing a first strain sensor on the outer peripheral wall of the upper support plate or the outer peripheral wall of the lower support plate includes: installing the first strain sensor on the outer peripheral wall of the upper support plate or the lower support plate An annular groove recessed radially inward is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the support plate, a first strain sensor is installed in the annular groove, and the upper support plate or the lower support measured by the first strain sensor is obtained The hoop strain of the seat plate at the annular groove.
作为本发明的另一个实施例,根据测量所得的所述环向应变计算所述上支座板或所述下支座板的竖向载荷,包括;As another embodiment of the present invention, calculating the vertical load of the upper support plate or the lower support plate according to the measured hoop strain, including;
根据获取所述第一应变传感器测量的所述上支座板或所述下支座板于所述环槽处的环向应变计算所述上支座板或所述下支座板的竖向载荷。Calculate the vertical direction of the upper support plate or the lower support plate according to the hoop strain of the upper support plate or the lower support plate at the annular groove measured by the first strain sensor load.
作为本发明的另一个实施例,所述上支座板或所述下支座板于所述环槽处的环向应变为εx,其中:As another embodiment of the present invention, the hoop strain of the upper support plate or the lower support plate at the annular groove is ε x , wherein:
式中,εx为所述上支座板或所述下支座板于所述环槽处的竖向应力,F为上支座板或所述下支座板的竖向载荷,υ为泊松比,E为所述上支座板或所述下支座板的弹性模量,A为所述上支座板或所述下支座板于所述环槽处的横截面积;In the formula, εx is the vertical stress of the upper support plate or the lower support plate at the ring groove, F is the vertical load of the upper support plate or the lower support plate, υ is Poisson’s ratio, E is the elastic modulus of the upper support plate or the lower support plate, A is the cross-sectional area of the upper support plate or the lower support plate at the ring groove;
根据测量的所述上支座板或所述下支座板于所述环槽处的环向应变计算所述上支座板或所述下支座板的竖向载荷F为,According to the measured hoop strain of the upper support plate or the lower support plate at the annular groove, the vertical load F of the upper support plate or the lower support plate is calculated as,
作为本发明的另一个实施例,所述上支座板或所述下支座板的竖向位移为ΔL,其中:As another embodiment of the present invention, the vertical displacement of the upper support plate or the lower support plate is ΔL, wherein:
式中,L为所述上支座板或所述下支座板的轴向高度。In the formula, L is the axial height of the upper support plate or the lower support plate.
作为本发明的另一个实施例,所述在所述上支座板的外周壁或下支座板的外周壁上安装第一应变传感器,还包括:在所述环槽内安装第二应变传感器,获取所述第二应变传感器测量的所述上支座板或所述下支座板于所述环槽处的环向应变。As another embodiment of the present invention, the installation of a first strain sensor on the outer peripheral wall of the upper support plate or the outer peripheral wall of the lower support plate further includes: installing a second strain sensor in the annular groove , obtain the hoop strain of the upper support plate or the lower support plate at the annular groove measured by the second strain sensor.
作为本发明的另一个实施例,在所述环槽内沿周向等间隔安装多个所述第一应变传感器及多个所述第二应变传感器;所述第一应变传感器与所述第二应变传感器一一对应。As another embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of the first strain sensors and a plurality of the second strain sensors are installed in the annular groove at equal intervals along the circumferential direction; the first strain sensors and the second strain sensors The strain sensors correspond one by one.
作为本发明的另一个实施例,所述环槽的底壁与所述上支座板的外周壁或所述下支座板的外周壁平行设置,且所述环槽的侧壁与所述环槽的底壁垂直设置。As another embodiment of the present invention, the bottom wall of the annular groove is arranged in parallel with the outer peripheral wall of the upper support plate or the outer peripheral wall of the lower support plate, and the side wall of the annular groove is parallel to the outer peripheral wall of the upper support plate or the lower support plate. The bottom wall of the ring groove is arranged vertically.
作为本发明的另一个实施例,所述环槽的底壁与所述环槽的侧壁之间采用圆角过渡。As another embodiment of the present invention, a rounded transition is adopted between the bottom wall of the annular groove and the side wall of the annular groove.
本发明提供的桥梁球型支座的测力方法的有益效果在于:与现有技术相比,本发明桥梁球型支座的测力方法,在不改变桥梁球型支座的结构的前提下,在上支座板或下支座板上安装第一应变传感器,利用第一应变传感器测量的环向应变计算上支座板或下支座板的竖向载荷和竖向位移,以随时发现桥梁球型支座的问题,及时获知桥梁的信息;既可评估施工安全性,又可预测桥梁使用的安全性;同时也为桥梁球型支座更换与维护提供数据基础,减少经济损失和不良社会影响。The beneficial effect of the force measuring method of the bridge spherical bearing provided by the present invention is: compared with the prior art, the force measuring method of the bridge spherical bearing of the present invention does not change the structure of the bridge spherical bearing on the premise of , install the first strain sensor on the upper support plate or the lower support plate, and use the hoop strain measured by the first strain sensor to calculate the vertical load and vertical displacement of the upper support plate or the lower support plate, so as to find out at any time For the problem of bridge spherical bearings, the information of the bridge can be obtained in time; it can not only assess the safety of construction, but also predict the safety of bridge use; at the same time, it can also provide a data basis for the replacement and maintenance of bridge spherical bearings, reducing economic losses and defects. social influence.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例提供的桥梁球型支座的结构示意图一;FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram 1 of a bridge spherical bearing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例提供的桥梁球型支座的结构示意图二;2 is a second structural schematic diagram of a bridge spherical bearing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例提供的桥梁球型支座于环槽处的结构示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a bridge spherical bearing at an annular groove provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
图中:1、上支座板;2、下支座板;3、第一应变传感器;4、球冠衬板;5、环槽;6、第二应变传感器。In the figure: 1. Upper bearing plate; 2. Lower bearing plate; 3. First strain sensor; 4. Spherical crown lining plate; 5. Ring groove; 6. Second strain sensor.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明所要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
现对本发明提供的桥梁球型支座的测力方法进行说明。所述桥梁球型支座的测力方法,用于测量桥梁球型支座的竖向载荷和竖向位移,包括以下步骤:The force measuring method of the bridge spherical bearing provided by the present invention will now be described. The method for measuring the force of the spherical bearing of the bridge, which is used to measure the vertical load and the vertical displacement of the spherical bearing of the bridge, includes the following steps:
在上支座板1或下支座板2上安装第一应变传感器3,获取第一应变传感器3测量的上支座板1或下支座板2的环向应变;Install the
根据测量所得的环向应变计算上支座板1或下支座板2的竖向载荷;Calculate the vertical load of the upper support plate 1 or the lower support plate 2 according to the measured hoop strain;
根据计算所得的竖向载荷计算上支座板1或下支座板2的竖向位移。Calculate the vertical displacement of the upper support plate 1 or the lower support plate 2 according to the calculated vertical load.
本实施例中的桥梁球型支座为现有技术中常见的球型支座结构,包括上支座板1、下支座板2,以及位于上支座板1与下支座板2之间的球冠衬板4。球冠衬板4的上端面与上支座板1的下端面均为平面,且球冠衬板4与上支座板1为平面接触。球冠衬板4的下端面为下凸球面,下支座板2的上端面为上凹球面,球冠衬板4与下支座板2为球面接触,如图1或图2所示。The bridge spherical bearing in this embodiment is a common spherical bearing structure in the prior art, including an upper bearing plate 1 , a lower bearing plate 2 , and a seat between the upper bearing plate 1 and the lower bearing plate 2 between the
本发明提供的桥梁球型支座的测力方法,与现有技术相比,在不改变桥梁球型支座的结构的前提下,在上支座板1或下支座板2上安装第一应变传感器3,利用第一应变传感器3测量的环向应变计算上支座板1或下支座板2的竖向载荷和竖向位移,以随时发现桥梁球型支座的问题,及时获知桥梁的信息;既可评估施工安全性,又可预测桥梁使用的安全性;同时也为桥梁球型支座更换与维护提供数据基础,减少经济损失和不良社会影响。Compared with the prior art, the method for measuring the force of the bridge spherical bearing provided by the present invention, on the premise of not changing the structure of the bridge spherical bearing, installs the first
需要说明的是,无论第一应变传感器3安装在上支座板1上或是安装在下支座板2上,均可计算上支座板1及下支座板2的竖向载荷。若上支座板1承受的竖向载荷为F上,通过力的传递,传递至下支座板2的竖向承载力为F下=αF上。It should be noted that, regardless of whether the
另外,本实施例中的第一应变传感器3可以采用光栅传感器,光栅传感器采用胶封或金属化封装等光栅封装工艺与上支座板1或下支座板2进行安装。第一应变传感器3与数据采集设备连接,数据采集设备直接读取第一应变传感器3的测量数据,并可直接计算显示上支座板1与下支座板2的竖向载荷和竖向位移。In addition, the
请参阅图1或图2,作为本发明提供的桥梁球型支座的测力方法的一种具体实施方式,在上支座板1的外周壁或下支座板2的外周壁上安装第一应变传感器3,包括:在上支座板1的外周壁或下支座板2的外周壁上设置沿径向向内凹陷的环槽5,在环槽5内安装第一应变传感器3,获取第一应变传感器3测量的上支座板1或下支座板2于环槽5处的环向应变。Please refer to FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 , as a specific embodiment of the method for measuring the force of the bridge spherical bearing provided by the present invention, a first
根据获取第一应变传感器3测量的上支座板1或下支座板2于环槽5处的环向应变计算上支座板1或下支座板2的竖向载荷。The vertical load of the upper support plate 1 or the lower support plate 2 is calculated according to the hoop strain of the upper support plate 1 or the lower support plate 2 at the
其中,上支座板1或下支座板2于环槽5处的环向应变为εx,其中:Wherein, the hoop strain of the upper support plate 1 or the lower support plate 2 at the
式中,εx为上支座板1或下支座板2于环槽5处的竖向应力,F为上支座板1或下支座板2的竖向载荷,υ为泊松比,E为上支座板1或下支座板2的弹性模量,A为上支座板1或下支座板2于环槽5处的横截面积。In the formula, εx is the vertical stress of the upper support plate 1 or the lower support plate 2 at the
根据测量的上支座板1或下支座板2于环槽5处的环向应变计算上支座板1或下支座板2的竖向载荷F为,According to the measured hoop strain of the upper support plate 1 or the lower support plate 2 at the
根据计算的上支座板1或下支座板2的竖向载荷F,计算上支座板1或下支座板2的竖向位移ΔL,According to the calculated vertical load F of the upper support plate 1 or the lower support plate 2, calculate the vertical displacement ΔL of the upper support plate 1 or the lower support plate 2,
式中,L为上支座板1或下支座板2的轴向高度。In the formula, L is the axial height of the upper support plate 1 or the lower support plate 2 .
为了实现不改变桥梁球型支座结构,以及第一应变传感器3测量环向应变的目的,第一应变传感器3需要安装在上支座板1的外周壁或下支座板2的外周壁上。由于上支座板1及下支座板2为沿中轴线对称的回转体结构,在受到竖向载荷作用时,环向应变的测量值数据非常小,在第一应变传感器3的测量精度低的情况下,就会出现测量数据不准确,若环向应变的测量数据不准确,那计算得出的竖向载荷和竖向位移的数据也就不准确。In order to achieve the purpose of not changing the spherical bearing structure of the bridge and measuring the circumferential strain of the
而本实施例中,在上支座板1或下支座板2上设置环槽5,上支座板1或下支座板2在环槽5处会产生应力集中,因此环槽5处测量的环向应变要比在上支座板1或下支座板2的其他部位测量的环向应变大,也就是说环槽5处的环向应变相对于上支座板1或下支座板2的其他位置的环向应变会放大。However, in this embodiment, a
测量的环槽5处的环向应变放大,使得测量精度变高,也可以准确计算出上支座板1或下支座板2的竖向载荷和竖向位移。The measured hoop strain at the
本实施例中,环槽5的底壁与上支座板1的外周壁或下支座板2的外周壁平行设置。环槽5的侧壁与环槽5的底壁垂直设置,如图1所示。In this embodiment, the bottom wall of the
优选地,为了避免环槽5底壁与环槽5侧壁的接线处过早出现破坏,环槽5底壁与环槽5侧壁之间采用圆角过渡,如图2所示。Preferably, in order to avoid premature damage at the connection between the bottom wall of the
下面对环槽5处的环向应变相对于上支座板1或下支座板2的其他位置的环向应变会放大的原理进行说明。The principle that the hoop strain at the
首先,为了实现不改变桥梁球型支座结构,以及第一应变传感器3测量环向应变的目的,第一应变传感器3安装在上支座板1的外周壁或下支座板2的外周壁上。First of all, in order to achieve the purpose of not changing the spherical bearing structure of the bridge and measuring the circumferential strain of the
图3为本发明实施例提供的桥梁球型支座于环槽5处的结构示意图,上支座板1的外周壁处或下支座板2的外周壁处的环向应变为ε1,其中:3 is a schematic structural diagram of the bridge spherical bearing provided at the
式中,F为上支座板1或下支座板2的竖向载荷,υ为泊松比,E为上支座板1或下支座板2的弹性模量,d1为上支座板1或下支座板2的直径。In the formula, F is the vertical load of the upper support plate 1 or the lower support plate 2, υ is the Poisson’s ratio, E is the elastic modulus of the upper support plate 1 or the lower support plate 2, and d 1 is the upper support plate Diameter of seat plate 1 or lower seat plate 2.
上支座板1或下支座板2于环槽5处的环向应变为ε2,其中:The hoop strain of the upper support plate 1 or the lower support plate 2 at the
式中,d2为上支座板1或下支座板2在环槽5处的直径。In the formula, d 2 is the diameter of the upper support plate 1 or the lower support plate 2 at the
由此可得出信号放大倍数kFrom this, the signal amplification factor k can be obtained
所述的上支座板1、球冠衬板4和下支座板2可以采用Q345B、Q345C或ZG270-500等材质制成。The upper bearing plate 1, the spherical
下面通过试验对放大的环向应变可以提高测量精度的效果进行说明:The effect of magnified hoop strain on improving measurement accuracy is explained below through experiments:
在下支座板2的外周壁上和环槽5处分别安装第一应变传感器3,下支座板2的外径d1为480mm,下支座板2于环槽5处的外径d2依据压弯组合变形和压应力强度校核可取为267mm,向上支座板1施加额定竖向载荷F上额定,通过力的传递,F上额定传递至下支座板2的竖向承载力为F下额定=αF上额定。A
若竖向承载力F上额定为5000kN,Q345B钢的泊松比为0.25~0.3,取0.3进行计算,E=210GPa,下支座板2的外周壁的环向应变ε1为:If the vertical bearing capacity F is rated at 5000kN, the Poisson’s ratio of Q345B steel is 0.25~0.3, take 0.3 for calculation, E=210GPa, the hoop strain ε1 of the outer peripheral wall of the lower support plate 2 is:
所述用于测量环向应变的第一应变传感器如光纤光栅传感器传感器通常可测精度约为10个微应变,而上述竖向承载力在满载时所引起的环向应变仅约为40个微应变,那么该球型支座在实际应用时所承受的竖向承载力引起的环向应变则很难被光纤光栅传感器检测出来。The first strain sensor for measuring hoop strain, such as a fiber grating sensor, can usually measure about 10 micro-strains with an accuracy, while the hoop strain caused by the above-mentioned vertical bearing force under full load is only about 40 micro-strains. Therefore, the hoop strain caused by the vertical bearing capacity of the spherical bearing in practical application is difficult to be detected by the fiber grating sensor.
下支座板2于环槽5处的环向应变ε2为:The hoop strain ε 2 of the lower support plate 2 at the
此时得到的环向应变远高于光纤光栅传感器的测量精度,测量信号的放大倍数为实现了测量灵敏度的提高。The hoop strain obtained at this time is much higher than the measurement accuracy of the fiber grating sensor, and the amplification factor of the measurement signal is Improved measurement sensitivity is achieved.
请参阅图1或图2,作为本发明提供的桥梁球型支座的测力方法的一种具体实施方式,在上支座板1的外周壁或下支座板2的外周壁上安装第一应变传感器3,还包括:在环槽5内安装第二应变传感器6,获取第二应变传感器6测量的上支座板1或下支座板2于环槽5处的环向应变。Please refer to FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 , as a specific embodiment of the method for measuring the force of the bridge spherical bearing provided by the present invention, a first
具体地,在环槽5内沿周向等间隔安装多个第一应变传感器3及多个第二应变传感器6;第一应变传感器3与第二应变传感器6一一对应。第一应变传感器3横向设置,第二应变传感器6竖向设置。Specifically, a plurality of
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within the range.
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CN113029312A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-25 | 上海兰德公路工程咨询设计有限公司 | Axle load detection method for passing vehicle of bridge based on spherical support |
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