CN111928317A - User side micro energy network energy supply system - Google Patents
User side micro energy network energy supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111928317A CN111928317A CN202010634467.7A CN202010634467A CN111928317A CN 111928317 A CN111928317 A CN 111928317A CN 202010634467 A CN202010634467 A CN 202010634467A CN 111928317 A CN111928317 A CN 111928317A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D10/00—District heating systems
- F24D10/003—Domestic delivery stations having a heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
- F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
- F24D11/0221—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system combined with solar energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
- F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
- F24D11/0235—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system with recuperation of waste energy
- F24D11/0242—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system with recuperation of waste energy contained in exhausted air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/30—Arrangement or mounting of heat-exchangers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/17—District heating
Abstract
The invention discloses a user side micro energy network energy supply system, which comprises a residential community micro energy network, a business park micro energy network, an industrial area micro energy network and an agricultural area micro energy network, wherein the residential community micro energy network, the business park micro energy network, the industrial area micro energy network and the agricultural area micro energy network respectively comprise: an input unit: the system is connected with an external power grid, a municipal heating network and a natural gas network, is also connected with other micro-energy networks, and inputs the electric energy and the heat energy of the other micro-energy networks; intermediate energy production, conversion and storage unit: the system comprises three buses of cold, heat and electricity, energy conversion equipment and energy storage equipment; an output unit: and outputting cold, heat and electricity to supply cold, heat and electricity requirements of users in the micro energy network, and redundant electricity is connected to the network or other micro energy networks, and redundant heat energy is supplied to other micro energy networks. The invention can realize the clean, high-efficiency, energy-saving and environment-friendly cascade utilization, complementary coordination, safety and high quality of the whole process of energy production, transmission and utilization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power grids, and particularly relates to the technical field of micro power grids and comprehensive energy systems.
Background
Under the energy demand of the new era, China urgently needs to take a new technical revolution and an industrial revolution as fulcrums, change the traditional extensive development mode into a more intensive and sustainable development mode, and establish a more efficient, safe and sustainable energy utilization mode. The distributed energy system provides an effective way for commercial or industrial users needing cold, heat and electricity, as well as island power supply and mobile power supply, but the energy utilization mode of the distributed energy system is distributed 'collection on site, storage on site and use on site', and coordination and mutual aid in a certain area range are difficult to realize. On the other hand, in the traditional energy system, different energy industries such as power supply, heat supply, cold supply and the like are relatively closed, the interconnection degree is limited, different systems are separately planned and operated, and the improvement of energy efficiency and the consumption of renewable energy are not facilitated.
The micro-energy network organically combines various energy links such as electric power, gas, heat supply/cold supply and the like with users, and achieves the purposes of high-efficiency energy utilization, cascade utilization of various energy of the users, safe and reliable social energy supply and the like through scientific scheduling among various energy sources in the system; meanwhile, through organic coordination of various energy systems, the bottleneck of a power distribution and supply system is eliminated, and the utilization efficiency of each energy device is improved; when the electric power or gas system is interrupted due to weather or unexpected disasters, the micro-energy grid at the user side can realize uninterrupted energy supply for important users by using local energy and provide power supply support for quick recovery of an energy supply system after a fault. At present, energy interconnection is mainly concentrated on a user side, and how to construct reasonable micro energy network access through a local network and coordinate interconnection of various energy sources becomes a development direction of energy interconnection technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a user-side micro energy network energy supply system, which coordinates the interconnection of various energy sources, realizes the clean, high-efficiency, energy-saving and environment-friendly cascade utilization, complementary coordination, safety and high quality of the whole process of energy production, transmission and utilization.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: user side micro energy net energy supply system, including residential community micro energy net, commercial garden micro energy net, industrial area micro energy net, agricultural area micro energy net, residential community micro energy net, commercial garden micro energy net, industrial area micro energy net, agricultural area micro energy net all include:
an input unit: the micro-energy grid is connected with an external power grid, a municipal heat supply network and a natural gas network, wherein the external power grid is used as a backup power supply of the micro-energy grid, the municipal heat supply network and the natural gas network are respectively used for inputting heat energy and natural gas for the micro-energy grid, and are also connected with other micro-energy grids for inputting electric energy and heat energy of other micro-energy grids;
intermediate energy production, conversion and storage unit: the system comprises three buses of cold, heat and electricity, energy conversion equipment and energy storage equipment, wherein the three buses of cold, heat and electricity collect corresponding energy flows respectively, the mutual conversion among the three energy flows is realized through the corresponding energy conversion equipment, and partial redundant energy is stored through the corresponding energy storage equipment;
an output unit: and outputting cold, heat and electricity to supply cold, heat and electricity requirements of users in the micro energy network, and redundant electricity is connected to the network or other micro energy networks, and redundant heat energy is supplied to other micro energy networks.
Preferably, the residential community micro energy network comprises a gas turbine for power generation and a photovoltaic power generation device; the system comprises a heat pump unit for heating, a solar heat collector and a gas boiler; a hot water type absorption air conditioning unit and an electric refrigerator for refrigeration; and a flue gas-water heat exchanger;
(1) in summer working conditions, high-temperature flue gas generated after power generation of the gas turbine enters a flue gas-water heat exchanger to prepare high-temperature hot water, the high-temperature hot water enters a hot water type absorption air conditioning unit, and chilled water is provided through absorption refrigeration; the heat pump unit transfers heat absorbed by a refrigerant in the air conditioning system to a circulating water path at the side of the buried pipe to achieve the aim of refrigeration; the insufficient cold quantity is supplemented by the electric refrigerator;
(2) in winter working conditions, high-temperature flue gas generated after power generation of the gas turbine directly passes through the flue gas-water heat exchanger to prepare high-temperature hot water and provide a heating heat source; the heat stored in the soil is transferred to the refrigerant by the circulating water path at the buried pipe side of the heat pump unit, and then the heat is transferred to the circulating water path at the air conditioner side through the refrigerant circulation to dissipate heat indoors; the insufficient heat is supplemented by the gas boiler.
Preferably, the micro energy network of the commercial park comprises a combined cooling heating and power generation device of an internal combustion engine, wherein the combined cooling heating and power generation device of the internal combustion engine comprises a gas internal combustion generator, a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger and a lubricating oil cooler; a photovoltaic power generation device for generating electricity; the system comprises a heat pump unit for heating, a solar heat collector and a gas boiler; a hot water type absorption air conditioning unit and an electric refrigerator for refrigeration; and a flue gas-water heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger;
(1) when working conditions are in winter, the gas internal combustion generator generates electricity, and simultaneously, the generated high-temperature smoke passes through the smoke-water heat exchanger to exchange high-temperature hot water, and the high-temperature hot water and the hot water prepared by the cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger and the cooling water of the lubricating oil cooler are supplied to a heat user through the plate heat exchanger; the heat stored in the soil is transferred to the refrigerant by the circulating water path at the buried pipe side of the heat pump unit, and then the heat is transferred to the circulating water path at the air conditioner side through the refrigerant circulation to dissipate heat indoors; the insufficient heat is supplemented by a gas boiler;
(2) in summer working conditions, high-temperature hot water is exchanged by flue gas waste heat generated by power generation of the gas internal combustion generator through the flue gas-water heat exchanger, and enters the hot water type absorption air conditioning unit together with hot water prepared by high-temperature cylinder sleeve water, and chilled water is provided for users through absorption refrigeration; the heat pump unit transfers heat absorbed by a refrigerant in the air conditioning system to a circulating water path at the side of the buried pipe to achieve the aim of refrigeration; the insufficient cold quantity is supplemented by the electric refrigerator;
preferably, the industrial area micro energy network comprises photovoltaic power generation equipment and wind power generation equipment for power generation; a heat pump unit and a gas boiler for heating, and a steam-water heat exchanger for heat exchange; an absorption air conditioning unit and an electric refrigerator for refrigeration; the gas turbine combined cooling heating and power equipment comprises a gas turbine, a waste heat boiler, a steam turbine, a steam engine and a steam distributing cylinder;
(1) in winter working conditions, high-temperature flue gas of a gas turbine firstly produces steam through a waste heat boiler, the steam is discharged after pushing the steam turbine to generate electricity, and the steam is collected by a branch cylinder and then respectively sent to an absorption air conditioning unit to be refrigerated and a steam-water heat exchanger to provide hot water, or directly sent to a steam point to supply industrial heat load; the heat stored in the soil is transferred to the refrigerant by the circulating water path at the buried pipe side of the heat pump unit, and then the heat is transferred to the circulating water path at the air conditioner side through the refrigerant circulation to dissipate heat indoors; the insufficient heat is supplemented by a gas boiler;
(2) in summer, waste heat steam generated by the combined power generation of the gas turbine and the steam turbine is collected by the branch air cylinder and then enters the absorption type air conditioning unit, and chilled water is provided for users through absorption refrigeration; the heat pump unit transfers heat absorbed by a refrigerant in the air conditioning system to a circulating water path at the side of the buried pipe to achieve the aim of refrigeration; the insufficient cold quantity is supplemented by the electric refrigerator.
Preferably, the agricultural area micro energy network comprises a gas turbine for power generation, a photovoltaic power generation device, a wind power generation device and a biomass power generation device; the waste heat direct-fired machine, the heat pump unit, the solar thermal collector and the gas boiler are used for heating; an electric refrigerator for refrigeration;
(1) in winter working conditions, high-temperature waste heat generated by power generation of the gas turbine is subjected to absorption heating through the waste heat direct-fired machine, so that the heat requirement of agricultural production is met; the heat pump unit transfers the heat in the soil to the indoor space to achieve the purpose of heating; when the heat pump unit and the waste heat direct-fired machine cannot meet the heat energy requirement of a user, a gas boiler is started to supplement the insufficient part;
(2) in summer, the high-temperature waste heat generated by the power generation of the gas turbine is subjected to absorption refrigeration through a waste heat direct-fired machine; the heat pump unit transfers indoor heat to soil to realize refrigeration; when the heat pump unit and the waste heat direct-combustion engine can not meet the cold energy requirement of a user, the electric refrigerator is started to supplement the insufficient part.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is a small energy system which takes conventional energy and various distributed renewable energy sources into consideration, takes an energy network as a carrier, and meets various energy requirements of users by relying on an information communication technology, and can realize clean, high-efficiency, energy-saving, environment-friendly and cascade utilization, complementary coordination, safety and high quality of the whole process of energy production, transmission and utilization.
Specifically, the method has the following beneficial effects:
at the source end, the micro energy network can remarkably improve the consumption level of renewable energy sources and stabilize the fluctuation of the renewable energy sources by utilizing the conversion among various energy forms and the technologies of heat storage with lower cost and large capacity and the like;
at a user side, the multi-grade energy requirements of the user can be met in a targeted manner, and the comprehensive energy utilization rate is effectively improved on the premise of taking the user as the center;
on the transmission network side, the multi-energy open internet can reduce network construction and improve the safety and reliability level of the system.
The following detailed description of the present invention will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description below:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical structural configuration of a micro-energy network.
FIG. 2 is a residential community micro-energy network energy supply mode.
Fig. 3 is a commercial area micro-grid power mode.
Figure 4 is an industrial park microgrid power mode.
FIG. 5 is an agricultural park microgrid power mode.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that features from the examples and embodiments described below may be combined with each other without conflict.
A user side micro energy network energy supply system. The typical structural form of the micro energy network comprises five types of energy units for energy production, conversion, storage, transmission and utilization.
1) An energy production unit. Which includes various primary energy sources and equipment to convert the energy sources into the cold/heat/electrical load required by the user. The energy sources comprise traditional energy sources such as coal, petroleum, natural gas, water energy, wood and the like; and distributed renewable energy sources such as non-fossil energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy, hydroenergy, biomass energy, geothermal energy and the like. The equipment for energy conversion comprises a fan, a photovoltaic, a gas turbine, a boiler and the like;
2) an energy conversion unit. The energy conversion unit generally follows the conversion from high-grade energy to low-grade energy, and the energy tastes of electricity, heat and cold are sequentially reduced, so the input of the unit is generally electricity and heat, the output is generally heat and cold, and the equipment capable of realizing the conversion between cold/heat/electricity comprises a lithium bromide absorption refrigerator, a heat exchanger, a heat pump, an electric refrigerator and the like;
3) an energy storage unit. The energy storage unit realizes energy transfer across time periods and coordinates imbalance between sources and loads in the network, has the functions of peak clipping and valley filling and inhibiting fluctuation of renewable energy sources, promotes economic and efficient operation of an energy supply system, and comprises electricity storage, heat storage and cold storage, including an electrochemical energy storage and water storage tank and the like;
4) an energy transmission unit. The energy transmission unit is divided into a power grid, a heat supply network and a natural gas network. And establishing an interconnection, cooperation and reliable energy transmission network among each energy station, distributed energy sources and users through a power grid, a heat supply network, a natural gas network and the like.
5) An energy utilization unit. The system comprises three loads of cold, heat and electricity. The electric load change has strong randomness, the electric energy is difficult to store in large quantity by the prior art, and the electric power in the system must be kept balanced in real time; the cold and heat energy is supplied to users in the form of high-temperature steam, air-conditioning hot water, air-conditioning cold water, domestic hot water and other energy, certain hysteresis exists in the process of coordinating and satisfying the change of cold and heat loads, and the balance of total supply and demand in the stage is only required to be ensured when the cold and heat energy is supplied to the users.
In the current stage of power planning and power industry statistics, power loads are often divided into four types of typical loads such as industrial, agricultural, commercial and municipal lives; depending on the nature, the thermal load can be divided into two major categories, residential and industrial. The standard is divided to the current power load heat load of reference, based on the structural morphology and the operation mechanism of little energy network, combine the user to use can the characteristics, classify according to energy demand, energy supply condition, load kind, user side little energy network mainly divide into four kinds of energy supply modes, resident community little energy network energy supply mode promptly, commercial garden little energy network energy supply mode, industry garden little energy network energy supply mode and agricultural garden little energy network energy supply mode.
Aiming at the phenomena of repeated energy waste and low comprehensive efficiency caused by the fact that the load diversity of a user side, the energy supply forms are various and the forms cannot be communicated, the invention provides a typical structural form and an energy supply mode of a micro energy network of the user side: the micro energy network system is configured at a user side, and is beneficial to the access and the efficient utilization of local renewable distributed energy sources, when a renewable energy power generation access power system has the problem of system operation constraint, compared with a wind and light abandoning strategy, redundant electric energy can be converted into forms of heat energy, hydrogen and the like to be directly utilized or stored, renewable resources are utilized to the maximum extent, and the cleanness and the environment protection of the energy production process are realized; the micro-energy network has the advantages that multiple energy sources such as electricity, gas and heat in the micro-energy network have complementarity, electric energy is easy to transmit and difficult to store, heat energy is easy to store and difficult to transmit, development and utilization of energy resources and mutual coordination between a resource transportation network and an energy transmission network are realized through multiple energy conversion technologies and information flow and energy flow interaction technologies, the flexibility and the reliability of the system can be greatly improved, and safe and high-quality energy services are provided for users.
As shown in fig. 1, a typical micro-energy grid consists of three parts, an input side, an output side and an intermediate energy production, conversion and storage link. On the input side, the energy station fully utilizes distributed renewable resources such as local wind energy, solar energy, biomass energy, geothermal energy and the like according to local conditions, on the other hand, the energy station can be connected with a public power grid, a municipal heat supply network and a natural gas network, an external power grid is used as a backup power supply of a micro-energy grid system, and in addition, the input side also comprises electric energy and heat energy transmitted from other energy stations; on the output side, the energy station can supply the cold, heat and electricity requirements of peripheral users, redundant electricity can be connected to the internet or transmitted to other energy stations, and redundant heat energy can also be supplied to the peripheral energy stations.
In the middle link, the cold bus, the hot bus and the electricity bus respectively collect corresponding energy flows, mutual conversion among the three energy flows can be achieved through corresponding energy conversion equipment, meanwhile, each bus is also provided with a corresponding energy storage unit, wind power and biomass are converted into electric energy through a fan and a combustion engine respectively and are connected into the electricity bus, the heat pump unit consumes electric energy, heat supply in winter and refrigeration in summer are achieved by utilizing heat sources such as soil, air and water sources, input solar energy can be converted into heat through a solar thermal collector and can be converted into electric energy through photovoltaic, input natural gas can be converted into heat through a boiler and can be used as fuel of a coupled unit combined cooling heating and power generation system (CCHP) to produce cold energy, electric energy and heat energy.
The load of spring and autumn in the micro-energy network is mainly electric energy, the micro-energy network only provides electric energy, energy production, storage and transmission units related to the electric energy normally work, and the system under the working condition is simple to operate. The invention provides four typical energy supply modes of a user-side micro-energy network, namely residential communities, commercial parks, industrial parks and agricultural parks, by comprehensively considering the characteristics of energy requirements, energy supply conditions and load types, and the operation characteristics of the system mainly focus on summer working conditions and winter working conditions.
1. Typical residential community micro-energy network
The energy supply unit of a typical residential community comprises: the system comprises a power grid for power supply, a gas turbine for combined cooling, heating and power generation, a heat pump, a solar heat collector, photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation and the like. The system architecture is shown in fig. 2.
(1) In summer working conditions, high-temperature flue gas generated after power generation of the gas turbine enters a flue gas-water heat exchanger to prepare high-temperature hot water, the high-temperature hot water enters a hot water type absorption air conditioning unit, and chilled water is provided through absorption refrigeration; the heat pump unit transfers heat absorbed by a refrigerant in the air conditioning system to a circulating water path at the side of the buried pipe to achieve the aim of refrigeration; the insufficient cold quantity is supplemented by the electric refrigerator. If there is a domestic hot water demand, a branch can be divided to be used as a domestic hot water heat source.
(2) In winter, the high-temperature flue gas directly passes through a flue gas-water heat exchanger to prepare high-temperature hot water and provide a heating heat source; the heat stored in the soil is transferred to the refrigerant by the circulating water path at the buried pipe side of the heat pump unit, and then the heat is transferred to the circulating water path at the air conditioner side through the refrigerant circulation to dissipate heat indoors; the insufficient heat is supplemented by the gas boiler.
2. Commercial park micro-energy network
The demand of the commercial park on heat and cold load is general, the demand on electric power is high, the price of electricity is high, and the commercial park is suitable for adopting a co-production system taking an internal combustion engine as a core. In combination with the above features, a typical commercial park energy supply unit includes: the system process diagram of the system is shown in figure 3.
(1) When working conditions are in winter, the gas internal combustion generator generates electricity, and simultaneously, the generated high-temperature smoke passes through the smoke-water heat exchanger to exchange high-temperature hot water, and the high-temperature hot water, the high-temperature cylinder sleeve water and the lubricating oil cooling water are supplied to a heat user together through hot water prepared by the plate heat exchanger; the heat stored in the soil is transferred to the refrigerant by the circulating water path at the buried pipe side of the heat pump unit, and then the heat is transferred to the circulating water path at the air conditioner side through the refrigerant circulation to dissipate heat indoors; insufficient heat is supplemented by a gas boiler.
(2) In summer working conditions, high-temperature hot water is exchanged by flue gas waste heat generated by power generation of the gas internal combustion generator through the flue gas-water heat exchanger, and enters the hot water type absorption air conditioning unit together with hot water prepared by high-temperature cylinder sleeve water, and chilled water is provided for users through absorption refrigeration; the heat pump unit transfers heat absorbed by a refrigerant in the air conditioning system to a circulating water path at the side of the buried pipe to achieve the aim of refrigeration; the insufficient cold quantity is supplemented by the electric refrigerator.
Since the COP of the hot water type absorption air conditioning unit is generally about 0.8, it is preferable to reduce the rate of absorption refrigeration by hot water if the hot water prepared by waste heat can be directly supplied to a user.
3. Micro-energy net for industrial park
The industrial area is located at the edge of a city, the occupied area is large, the surrounding is spacious, the land price is low, and the solar photovoltaic generator is suitable for installing a fan and a photovoltaic. At present, an internal combustion engine has certain advantages in a gas cooling, heating and power distributed energy system with small capacity, a gas turbine has attraction in a system with large scale, and the power range of the gas turbine is generally 1000-50000 kW and is widely applied to the fields of power industry, ships, locomotives, vehicles and the like. The combined cycle power generation of the gas turbine and the steam turbine greatly improves the power generation efficiency of the system, is very suitable for industrial parks with higher requirements on electricity and steam, and meets the requirements on domestic hot water load and cold consumption in the parks through the steam-water heat exchanger and the steam type absorption refrigerator.
In combination with the above features, a typical industrial zone power supply unit comprises: the system comprises power supply of a power grid, a gas boiler, combined cooling, heating and power generation of a gas turbine (combined power generation with a steam turbine), photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation and the like. The system process diagram is shown in fig. 4.
(1) In winter working conditions, high-temperature flue gas of a gas turbine firstly produces steam through a waste heat boiler, the steam pushes a steam turbine (an extraction condenser or a back pressure machine) to generate electricity, the steam is discharged, and the steam is collected by a branch cylinder and then respectively sent to an absorption air conditioning unit to perform refrigeration and a steam-water heat exchange device to provide hot water, or directly sent to a steam using point to supply industrial heat load; the heat stored in the soil is transferred to the refrigerant by the circulating water path at the buried pipe side of the heat pump unit, and then the heat is transferred to the circulating water path at the air conditioner side through the refrigerant circulation to dissipate heat indoors; insufficient heat is supplemented by a gas boiler.
(2) In summer, waste heat steam generated by the combined power generation of the gas turbine and the steam turbine is collected by the branch air cylinder and then enters the steam type lithium bromide absorption air conditioning unit, and chilled water is provided for users through absorption refrigeration; the heat pump unit transfers heat absorbed by a refrigerant in the air conditioning system to a circulating water path at the side of the buried pipe to achieve the aim of refrigeration; the insufficient cold quantity is supplemented by the electric refrigerator.
4. Micro-energy net for agricultural park
Compared with other parks, natural power sources in the agricultural park are richer, the occupied area is larger, the periphery is spacious, the land price is lower, the energy supply by adopting distributed resources is more feasible, and the renewable resources which can be utilized comprise photovoltaic, wind power, waterpower, biomass energy (methane, firewood) and the like.
The load of agricultural park can be divided into planting agriculture and cultivation agriculture. The cultivation agriculture comprises aquaculture and poultry cultivation, electrical equipment for aquaculture mainly comprises a circulating water system and the like, electrical equipment for poultry cultivation mainly comprises disinfection equipment and the like, and electrical equipment for planting agriculture mainly comprises an irrigation water pump and the like, is mainly used for field irrigation and harvesting engineering and mainly uses electricity in daytime. In addition to electrical loads, greenhouse farming and other farming and indoor poultry farming, there is also a need for thermal energy because the temperature is usually maintained within a certain range, which is a requirement.
The waste heat absorption type air conditioning unit has the efficiency basically equivalent to or slightly lower than that of a gas boiler or a steam-water heat exchanger, basically about 90 percent, and the COP can reach more than 1.3 under the cooling working condition. Because the power generation efficiency of the gas turbine is lower than that of a gas internal combustion engine, but the waste heat quality is higher (only high-temperature smoke is one form), the thermoelectric power is higher, and when single-cycle power generation is adopted and the waste heat is used for absorption type refrigeration and heat supply, the gas turbine is mainly suitable for places with more stable cold and hot loads, such as greenhouses and livestock pens for planting vegetables in agricultural parks, the full-load operation time of the unit is ensured, and the waste heat can be fully utilized.
In combination with the above features, a typical agricultural district power unit comprises: the system comprises a power grid for power supply, a gas turbine for combined cooling heating and power generation, photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, biomass power generation, a solar heat collector and the like. The system process diagram is shown in fig. 5.
(1) In winter working condition, high-temperature waste heat generated by power generation of the gas turbine is subjected to absorption heating through a waste heat direct-fired machine (waste heat lithium bromide absorption type air conditioning unit); the heat pump unit transfers the heat in the soil to the indoor space to achieve the purpose of heating; when the heat pump unit and the waste heat direct-fired machine cannot meet the heat energy requirement of a user, the gas-fired boiler is started to supplement the insufficient part.
(2) In summer, the high-temperature waste heat generated by the power generation of the gas turbine is subjected to absorption refrigeration through a waste heat direct-fired machine; the heat pump unit transfers indoor heat to soil to realize refrigeration; when the heat pump unit and the waste heat direct-combustion engine can not meet the cold energy requirement of a user, the electric refrigerator is started to supplement the insufficient part.
The typical structure form of the user-side micro energy network provided by the invention provides the composition elements and system characteristics of the user-side micro energy network from the aspects of energy generation, energy transmission network, energy utilization and the like; through analysis of four typical energy supply modes of the micro-energy network, the micro-energy network can be proved to be capable of effectively improving the energy utilization efficiency of terminal users, relieving the contradiction of regional energy supply and demand, promoting the local consumption of distributed renewable energy, ensuring the stability and reliability of energy supply and achieving the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited thereto, and may be embodied in other forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. Any modification which does not depart from the functional and structural principles of the present invention is intended to be included within the scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. User side micro energy net energy supply system, including residential community micro energy net, commercial garden micro energy net, industrial area micro energy net, agricultural district micro energy net, its characterized in that: residential community microgrid, commercial park microgrid, industrial area microgrid and agricultural area microgrid all include:
an input unit: the micro-energy grid is connected with an external power grid, a municipal heat supply network and a natural gas network, wherein the external power grid is used as a backup power supply of the micro-energy grid, the municipal heat supply network and the natural gas network are respectively used for inputting heat energy and natural gas for the micro-energy grid, and are also connected with other micro-energy grids for inputting electric energy and heat energy of other micro-energy grids;
intermediate energy production, conversion and storage unit: the system comprises three buses of cold, heat and electricity, energy conversion equipment and energy storage equipment, wherein the three buses of cold, heat and electricity collect corresponding energy flows respectively, the mutual conversion among the three energy flows is realized through the corresponding energy conversion equipment, and partial redundant energy is stored through the corresponding energy storage equipment;
an output unit: and outputting cold, heat and electricity to supply cold, heat and electricity requirements of users in the micro energy network, and redundant electricity is connected to the network or other micro energy networks, and redundant heat energy is supplied to other micro energy networks.
2. The user-side micro energy grid powering system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the residential community micro-energy grid is internally provided with a gas turbine and photovoltaic power generation equipment for power generation; the system comprises a heat pump unit for heating, a solar heat collector and a gas boiler; a hot water type absorption air conditioning unit and an electric refrigerator for refrigeration; and
a flue gas-water heat exchanger;
(1) in summer working conditions, high-temperature flue gas generated after power generation of the gas turbine enters a flue gas-water heat exchanger to prepare high-temperature hot water, the high-temperature hot water enters a hot water type absorption air conditioning unit, and chilled water is provided through absorption refrigeration; the heat pump unit transfers heat absorbed by a refrigerant in the air conditioning system to a circulating water path at the side of the buried pipe to achieve the aim of refrigeration; the insufficient cold quantity is supplemented by the electric refrigerator;
(2) in winter working conditions, high-temperature flue gas generated after power generation of the gas turbine directly passes through the flue gas-water heat exchanger to prepare high-temperature hot water and provide a heating heat source; the heat stored in the soil is transferred to the refrigerant by the circulating water path at the buried pipe side of the heat pump unit, and then the heat is transferred to the circulating water path at the air conditioner side through the refrigerant circulation to dissipate heat indoors; the insufficient heat is supplemented by the gas boiler.
3. The user-side micro energy grid powering system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the micro energy network of the commercial park is internally provided with an internal combustion engine combined cooling heating and power device; a photovoltaic power generation device for generating electricity; the system comprises a heat pump unit for heating, a solar heat collector and a gas boiler; a hot water type absorption air conditioning unit and an electric refrigerator for refrigeration; the gas-water heat exchanger and the plate heat exchanger are arranged on the gas-water heat exchanger, and the internal combustion engine combined cooling heating and power equipment comprises a gas internal combustion generator, a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger and a lubricating oil cooler;
(1) when working conditions are in winter, the gas internal combustion generator generates electricity, and simultaneously, the generated high-temperature smoke passes through the smoke-water heat exchanger to exchange high-temperature hot water, and the high-temperature hot water and the hot water prepared by the cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger and the cooling water of the lubricating oil cooler are supplied to a heat user through the plate heat exchanger; the heat stored in the soil is transferred to the refrigerant by the circulating water path at the buried pipe side of the heat pump unit, and then the heat is transferred to the circulating water path at the air conditioner side through the refrigerant circulation to dissipate heat indoors; the insufficient heat is supplemented by a gas boiler;
(2) in summer working conditions, high-temperature hot water is exchanged by flue gas waste heat generated by power generation of the gas internal combustion generator through the flue gas-water heat exchanger, and enters the hot water type absorption air conditioning unit together with hot water prepared by the high-temperature cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger, and chilled water is provided for users through absorption refrigeration; the heat pump unit transfers heat absorbed by a refrigerant in the air conditioning system to a circulating water path at the side of the buried pipe to achieve the aim of refrigeration; the insufficient cold quantity is supplemented by the electric refrigerator.
4. The user-side micro energy grid powering system according to claim 1, characterized in that: photovoltaic power generation equipment and wind power generation equipment for power generation are arranged in the industrial area micro-energy network; a heat pump unit and a gas boiler for heating, and a steam-water heat exchanger for heat exchange; an absorption air conditioning unit and an electric refrigerator for refrigeration; the gas turbine combined cooling heating and power equipment comprises a gas turbine, a waste heat boiler, a steam turbine, a steam engine and a steam distributing cylinder;
(1) in winter working conditions, high-temperature flue gas of a gas turbine firstly produces steam through a waste heat boiler, the steam is discharged after pushing the steam turbine to generate electricity, and the steam is collected by a branch cylinder and then respectively sent to an absorption air conditioning unit to be refrigerated and a steam-water heat exchanger to provide hot water, or directly sent to a steam point to supply industrial heat load; the heat stored in the soil is transferred to the refrigerant by the circulating water path at the buried pipe side of the heat pump unit, and then the heat is transferred to the circulating water path at the air conditioner side through the refrigerant circulation to dissipate heat indoors; the insufficient heat is supplemented by a gas boiler;
(2) in summer, waste heat steam generated by the combined power generation of the gas turbine and the steam turbine is collected by the branch air cylinder and then enters the absorption type air conditioning unit, and chilled water is provided for users through absorption refrigeration; the heat pump unit transfers heat absorbed by a refrigerant in the air conditioning system to a circulating water path at the side of the buried pipe to achieve the aim of refrigeration; the insufficient cold quantity is supplemented by the electric refrigerator.
5. The user-side micro energy grid powering system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the agricultural area micro energy network comprises a gas turbine for power generation, photovoltaic power generation equipment, wind power generation equipment and biomass power generation equipment; the waste heat direct-fired machine, the heat pump unit, the solar thermal collector and the gas boiler are used for heating; an electric refrigerator for refrigeration;
(1) in winter working conditions, high-temperature waste heat generated by power generation of the gas turbine is subjected to absorption heating through the waste heat direct-fired machine, so that the heat requirement of agricultural production is met; the heat pump unit transfers the heat in the soil to the indoor space to achieve the purpose of heating; when the heat pump unit and the waste heat direct-fired machine cannot meet the heat energy requirement of a user, a gas boiler is started to supplement the insufficient part;
(2) in summer, the high-temperature waste heat generated by the power generation of the gas turbine is subjected to absorption refrigeration through a waste heat direct-fired machine; the heat pump unit transfers indoor heat to soil to realize refrigeration; when the heat pump unit and the waste heat direct-combustion engine can not meet the cold energy requirement of a user, the electric refrigerator is started to supplement the insufficient part.
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