CN111922727A - Vertical in-situ machining method for thin-wall revolving body - Google Patents
Vertical in-situ machining method for thin-wall revolving body Download PDFInfo
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- CN111922727A CN111922727A CN202010751649.2A CN202010751649A CN111922727A CN 111922727 A CN111922727 A CN 111922727A CN 202010751649 A CN202010751649 A CN 202010751649A CN 111922727 A CN111922727 A CN 111922727A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C9/00—Details or accessories so far as specially adapted to milling machines or cutter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/126—Workpiece support, i.e. backing or clamping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
Abstract
The invention provides a method comprising the following steps: hoisting the front bottom; moving into the barrel section; moving the front bottom to a machining position and milling the lower end face of the front bottom; moving the cylinder section upwards to a machining position and milling the upper end face of the cylinder section; seaming and welding the cylinder sections; moving the cylinder section to a machining position and milling the lower end face of the cylinder section; moving a new barrel section in, moving the barrel section to a processing position, and repeating the steps: milling the upper end surface of the cylinder section, welding the cylinder section and milling the lower end surface of the cylinder section until all the cylinder sections are welded; moving the rear bottom; moving the rear bottom to a machining position and milling the upper end face of the rear bottom; and sewing and welding the back bottom. So set up, process under vertical state, area is little, and the solid of revolution remains the state of erectting throughout in the welding process moreover, and gravity is less to the circularity influence of the solid of revolution, can not appear the problem that the horizontal placement led to the barrel section warp and be difficult to butt weld to all can accomplish in a station department milling terminal surface and welding etc. to preceding end, barrel section and back end, need not to change the station, operate simple more swiftly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining of thin-wall revolved bodies, in particular to a vertical in-situ machining system for a thin-wall revolved body.
Background
Most of fuel storage tanks of aerospace vehicles are large thin-wall revolved body structures, and are mainly composed of a front bottom 1, a rear bottom 3 and a plurality of cylinder sections 2, wherein the front bottom 1 and the rear bottom 3 can be spherical structures, ellipsoidal structures or conical structures, and the cylinder sections 2 are cylindrical structures, as shown in fig. 1. Two adjacent cylinder sections 2 and cylinder sections 2 are connected with the front bottom 1 or the rear bottom 3 in a welding mode. In the prior art, a large-sized thin-wall revolving body mechanism usually adopts a horizontal multi-station welding method, and equipment adopted in the horizontal welding method needs to be horizontally arranged, the length of the equipment mostly exceeds 60m, and the occupied area is large; moreover, as the storage tank is of a thin-wall cylindrical structure, the storage tank is easy to deform under the action of gravity when placed horizontally, so that the problems of high butt joint difficulty, low welding precision, poor welding quality and the like are easily caused; in addition, when a horizontal welding method is adopted for processing, different stations are required to be replaced to mill and weld the end face of the cylinder section, so that multiple clamping and dismounting are required, and the process is complicated. Therefore, how to solve the problems that the occupied area of the horizontal multi-station welding method in the prior art is large, the storage tank is easy to deform and multi-station machining is needed is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vertical in-situ machining method for a thin-wall revolving body, which can solve the technical problem.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a vertical in-situ machining method of a thin-wall revolving body, which comprises the following steps: hoisting a front bottom, fixing and hoisting the front bottom in a vertical state to enable the front bottom to be capable of lifting; moving the cylinder section to be welded into the cylinder section, and moving the cylinder section to be welded to the lower part of the front bottom; milling the lower end face of the front bottom, tightly supporting the inner wall of the front bottom and pressing the outer wall of the front bottom, and milling the lower end face of the front bottom; milling the upper end surface of the barrel section, tightly supporting the inner wall of the barrel section and pressing the outer wall of the barrel section, and milling the upper end surface of the barrel section; welding a barrel section, butting the lower end of the front bottom with the upper end of the barrel section, tightly supporting the joint of the front bottom and the barrel section, and performing friction stir welding on the joint of the front bottom and the barrel section; milling the lower end face of the barrel section, tightly supporting the inner wall of the barrel section and pressing the outer wall of the barrel section, and milling the lower end face of the barrel section; moving in a new barrel section and repeating the steps: milling the upper end surface of the cylinder section, welding the cylinder section and milling the lower end surface of the cylinder section until all the cylinder sections are welded; moving the rear bottom into the welding position, and moving the rear bottom to the position below the welded cylinder section; milling the upper end face of the rear bottom, tightly supporting the inner wall of the rear bottom and pressing the outer wall of the rear bottom, and milling the upper end face of the rear bottom; and welding a rear bottom, butting the lower end of the cylinder section with the rear bottom, tightly supporting a joint of the cylinder section and the rear bottom, and performing friction stir welding on the cylinder section and the rear bottom.
Preferably, a welding seam detection step is included in the barrel section welding step and the rear bottom welding step, so that the welding seam is detected, and the position with the welding defect is recorded.
Preferably, a repair welding step is included after each weld inspection step to repair weld the position having the welding defect.
Preferably, a weld joint detection step is further provided after the repair welding step to detect the welding position of the repair welding, and if the defect exists, the repair welding step is performed again, and if the defect does not exist, the next step is performed.
Preferably, the method further comprises a shape measuring step after the welding back bottom step, wherein polar coordinate space discrete points are established on the outer surface of the revolving body by using a laser range finder and are fitted into a revolving body shape mathematical model in a computer to complete shape measurement.
Preferably, the step of measuring the external shape further comprises a step of spraying a mark to spray a mounting mark on the attachment mounting position on the external surface of the rotator.
Preferably, a weighing step is further included after the spraying and marking step to acquire the weight of the revolving body.
Preferably, the welded revolving body is hung down by a crane after the welding back bottom step.
Preferably, the front bottom is fixed on the hoisting fixture, the hoisting fixture is detachably connected to a first platform of the frame body, the first platform can be lifted along the frame body, and the first platform is provided with a avoiding hole for the revolving body to pass through.
Preferably, the hoisting fixture comprises a hoisting frame, a connecting ring used for being connected with the end frame of the front bottom is arranged at the bottom of the hoisting frame, the connecting ring is used for being connected with the end frame of the front bottom through a fastener, a connecting rod is arranged at the top of the hoisting frame, and the connecting rod is used for being detachably connected with the first platform through the fastener.
In the technical scheme provided by the invention, the vertical in-situ machining method for the thin-wall revolving body comprises the following steps of: hoisting the front bottom, fixing and hoisting the front bottom in a vertical state to enable the front bottom to be capable of lifting; moving the cylinder section to be welded into the cylinder section and moving the cylinder section to be welded to the lower part of the front bottom; milling the lower end face of the front bottom, tightly supporting the inner wall of the front bottom and tightly pressing the outer wall of the front bottom, and milling the lower end face of the front bottom; milling the upper end surface of the barrel section, tightly supporting the inner wall of the barrel section and tightly pressing the outer wall of the barrel section, and milling the upper end surface of the barrel section; welding the cylinder section, butting the lower end of the front bottom with the upper end of the cylinder section, tightly supporting the joint of the front bottom and the cylinder section, and performing friction stir welding on the joint of the front bottom and the cylinder section; milling the lower end face of the barrel section, tightly supporting the inner wall of the barrel section and tightly pressing the outer wall of the barrel section, and milling the lower end face of the barrel section; moving in a new barrel section and repeating the steps: milling the upper end surface of the cylinder section, welding the cylinder section and milling the lower end surface of the cylinder section until all the cylinder sections are welded; moving the rear bottom into the welding position, and moving the rear bottom to the position below the welded cylinder section; milling the upper end face of the rear bottom, tightly supporting the inner wall of the rear bottom and tightly pressing the outer wall of the rear bottom, and milling the upper end face of the rear bottom; and welding the rear bottom, butting the lower end of the cylinder section with the rear bottom, tightly supporting the joint of the cylinder section and the rear bottom, and performing friction stir welding on the cylinder section and the rear bottom.
So set up, process under vertical state, area is little, and the solid of revolution remains the state of erectting throughout in the welding process moreover, and gravity is less to the circularity influence of the solid of revolution, can not appear the problem that the horizontal placement led to the barrel section warp and be difficult to butt weld to all can accomplish in a station department milling terminal surface and welding etc. to preceding end, barrel section and back end, need not to change the station, operate simple more swiftly. In addition, when the cylinder section, the front bottom, the rear bottom and the like are welded, the cylinder section, the front bottom, the rear bottom and the like are fixed in an inner supporting and outer pressing mode, so that the welding deformation of the revolving body can be effectively reduced, and the welding precision is ensured. And the production of the revolving body structure with any length can be realized by the way of welding section by section.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a large thin-wall rotator;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical in-situ thin-wall rotary body machining system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a frame body of the thin-wall revolving body vertical in-situ processing system in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting fixture of the thin-wall revolving body vertical in-situ machining system in FIG. 2;
fig. 5 is a mounting state of an external pressure clamp on a second platform and a third platform of the thin-wall revolving body vertical in-situ processing system in fig. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a barrel section inner support fixture of the thin-wall revolving body vertical in-situ processing system in FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is a view of part I of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an external pressure jig according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a box bottom internal bracing fixture in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the case bottom internal stay clamp of FIG. 9 engaged with the rear bottom;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a welding process for two parts to be welded;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of an end frame support mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of an arcuate block in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the operation of the weld detecting apparatus and the electric resistance welding apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 1-14:
1. a front bottom; 2. a barrel section; 3. a rear bottom; 4. a frame body; 5. a first platform; 6. a second platform; 7. a third platform; 8. a machine head; 9. a connecting ring; 10. a connecting rod; 11. a support; 12. swinging arms; 13. a pressure head; 14. a first base; 15. a support plate; 16. a top block; 17. a tensioning ring; 18. ejecting the head; 19. a second base; 20. a center frame; 21. a stay bar; 22. a connecting rod; 23. a drive mechanism; 24. an arc-shaped block; 25. a fifth linear drive; 26. milling cutters; 27. welding a stirring head; 29. a guide bar; 30. a guide block; 31. a swing rod; 32. a housing; 33. a jacking mechanism; 34. positioning pins; 35. a detection head; 36. an electric resistance welding head.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below do not limit the contents of the invention recited in the claims. The entire contents of the configurations shown in the following embodiments are not limited to those required as solutions of the inventions described in the claims.
The embodiment of the invention provides a vertical in-situ machining method for a thin-wall revolving body, which comprises the following steps:
and (3) hoisting the front bottom, fixing and hoisting the front bottom 1 in a vertical state, so that the front bottom 1 can be lifted. For example, the front sole 1 may be fixed on a lifting fixture, the lifting fixture may be detachably connected to the first platform 5 of the frame body 4, the first platform 5 may be lifted along the frame body 4, and the first platform 5 is provided with an avoiding hole for the revolving body to pass through. For example, the first platform 5 may be an annular structure, and the central annular space constitutes the avoiding hole. Referring to fig. 3, the frame body 4 may be a truss structure formed by welding, a guide rail arranged in a vertical direction is provided on the frame body 4, and the first platform 5 is slidably arranged on the guide rail of the frame body 4 through a sliding block. Be equipped with rotatable lead screw on support body 4, the lead screw is driven by servo motor, be equipped with on first platform 5 be used for with this lead screw thread fit's nut, can control first platform 5's lift through control servo motor. After the front bottom is hoisted, the front bottom is lowered to a processing position through the lowering of the first platform.
Moving into the cylinder section, and moving the cylinder section 2 to be welded to the lower part of the front bottom 1. Referring to fig. 2, for example, the barrel section 2 to be welded may be fixed on a barrel section internal bracing fixture, the barrel section internal bracing fixture is used for bracing the barrel section 2 from inside, and then the barrel section internal bracing fixture is moved to below the front bottom 1 through a guide rail arranged below the frame body 4. Can promote barrel section 2 to the processing position through barrel section supporting jig, the height of processing position should be convenient for the operator to observe.
Milling the lower end surface of the front sole, and referring to the first picture from the left in fig. 11, tightening the inner wall of the front sole 1 and pressing the outer wall of the front sole 1, and milling the lower end surface of the front sole 1. For example, the barrel section internal support fixture in the barrel section 2 can be loosened, and the barrel section internal support fixture extends into the front bottom 1 and tightly supports the inner wall of the front bottom 1. In addition, a second platform 6 and a third platform 7 are further provided on the frame body 4 below the first platform 5. The second platform 6 and the third platform 7 can both lift along the frame body 4 and are respectively provided with an avoiding hole for the revolving body to pass through, and the specific arrangement form of the second platform 6 and the third platform can refer to the arrangement form of the first platform 5. Referring to fig. 5, the second platform 6 and the third platform 7 are provided with external pressure clamps for pressing the outer side walls of the revolving bodies, and the outer wall of the front bottom 1 is pressed by the external pressure clamps of the second platform 6. And a processing device is arranged on the second platform 6 or the third platform 7, the processing device is used for milling the end surface of the barrel section 2, the end surface of the front bottom 1 and the end surface of the rear bottom 3, and is used for welding seams between the front bottom 1 and the barrel section 2, between the barrel section 2 and between the barrel section 2 and the rear bottom 3, and the processing device can feed in the circumferential direction and the radial direction around the revolving body. The lower end face of the front sole 1 is milled by a machining device.
And (3) milling the upper end surface of the barrel section, and referring to the second picture from the left in fig. 11, tightly supporting the inner wall of the barrel section 2 and tightly pressing the outer wall of the barrel section 2, and milling the upper end surface of the barrel section 2. For example, the barrel section internal bracing fixture in the front bottom 1 can be loosened, the barrel section internal bracing fixture is made to extend into the barrel section 2 to tightly brace the inner wall of the barrel section 2, the outer wall of the barrel section 2 is pressed by the outer pressure fixture on the third platform 7, and finally the upper end face of the barrel section 2 is milled by the machining device.
And (3) welding the cylinder section, referring to the third and fourth pictures from the left in fig. 11, butting the lower end surface of the front bottom 1 with the upper end surface of the cylinder section 2, namely, firstly, performing parallel sewing on the lower end of the front bottom 1 and the upper end of the cylinder section 2, then, tightly supporting the joint of the front bottom 1 and the cylinder section 2, and then, performing friction stir welding on the joint of the front bottom 1 and the cylinder section 2. For example, the barrel section internal supporting fixture in the barrel section 2 is loosened, the lower end of the front bottom 1 is butted with the barrel section 2, then the barrel section internal supporting fixture is used for supporting the joint of the front bottom 1 and the barrel section 2, the external pressing fixtures on the second platform 6 and the third platform 7 are used for pressing the periphery of the contact position, and finally the processing device is used for welding the joint of the front bottom 1 and the barrel section 2.
Milling barrel section lower end face, propping up 2 inner walls of barrel section and compressing tightly 2 outer walls of barrel section, milling barrel section 2's lower end face. Promote first platform 5, so that first platform 5 drives section of thick bamboo 2 and rises, so, on the one hand, can make 2 lower extremes of section of thick bamboo section relative with section of thick bamboo internal stay anchor clamps, utilize section of thick bamboo internal stay anchor clamps to prop up 2 lower extreme inner walls of section of thick bamboo section, utilize processingequipment to mill the lower terminal surface of section of thick bamboo 2 at last, on the other hand, promote a height at this section of thick bamboo lower extreme welding new section of thick bamboo at once with the section of thick bamboo that the upper end welding was accomplished, this kind of promotion formula welding manufacturing's mode can make preceding end and section of thick bamboo, section of thick bamboo and the welding position of back end be in same suitable height all the time, the operator of being.
Moving in a new barrel section and repeating the steps: milling the upper end surface of the cylinder section, welding the cylinder section and milling the lower end surface of the cylinder section until all the cylinder sections 2 are welded.
And moving the rear bottom into the rear bottom, and moving the rear bottom 3 to the position below the welded cylinder section 2. For example, the barrel section internal bracing fixture is moved out first, the back sole 3 is fixed on the box bottom internal bracing fixture, the box bottom internal bracing fixture is used for bracing the back sole 3 from the inside, and the box bottom internal bracing fixture is moved to be right below the barrel section 2 along the guide rail below the frame body 4. The rear bottom 3 can be lifted to a processing position by the box bottom internal support clamp.
Milling the upper end face of the rear bottom, tightly supporting the inner wall of the rear bottom 3 and tightly pressing the outer wall of the rear bottom 3, and milling the upper end face of the rear bottom 3. Similarly, as shown in the second picture from the left in fig. 11, the outer wall of the back bottom 3 is pressed by the external pressing fixture on the third platform 7, and the upper end surface of the back bottom 3 is milled by the machining device.
And (3) welding the rear bottom, butting the lower end of the cylinder section 2 with the upper end of the rear bottom 3, namely, firstly performing parallel sewing on the lower end of the cylinder section 2 and the upper end of the rear bottom 3, then tightly supporting the joint of the cylinder section 2 and the rear bottom 3, and then performing friction stir welding on the cylinder section 2 and the rear bottom 3. Referring to the third and fourth pictures from the left in fig. 11, for example, the inner bottom bracing fixture inside the back bottom 3 is loosened, the inner bottom bracing fixture is moved to the joint between the cylinder section 2 and the back bottom 3 and braced, then the outer pressing fixtures on the second platform 6 and the third platform 7 are pressed near the joint, and finally the joint between the cylinder section 2 and the back bottom 3 is welded by the processing device. And after the welding is finished, the revolving body is hung down by using a crane.
So set up, support body 4 keeps vertical setting area little, saves space, and the solid of revolution remains the state of erectting throughout among the welding process moreover, and gravity is less to the circularity influence of the solid of revolution, and the problem that the section of thick bamboo 2 that leads to warp when the level is placed is difficult to butt weld can not appear. Milling end faces, friction stir welding and the like of the front bottom 1, the barrel section 2 and the rear bottom 3 can be finished at one station without replacing the station, the operation is simpler and faster, and the problem that assembly errors are easily generated due to repeated clamping is avoided. In addition, when the cylinder section 2, the front bottom 1, the rear bottom 3 and the like are welded, the cylinder section, the front bottom and the rear bottom are fixed in an inner supporting and outer pressing mode, welding deformation of a revolving body can be effectively reduced, and welding precision is guaranteed. And through the mode of welding section by section, can realize the production of the solid of revolution structure of arbitrary length in the range of support body 4 height for the vertical normal position system of processing of thin wall solid of revolution can process the product of multiple specification, and application scope is wider.
In some embodiments, a weld detection step is included in both the barrel section welding step and the back bottom welding step to detect the weld and record the location with the weld defect. Referring to the first drawing from the left in fig. 14, a prior art weld seam detection apparatus may be used, and the weld seam detection apparatus generally includes a detection head 35, and the weld seam can be detected by the detection head 35. Optionally, each weld detection step is followed by a repair welding step to repair weld the position with the welding defect, for example, a resistance welding device may be used, and the resistance welding head 36 on the resistance welding device can repair the defect weld. By the arrangement, welding defects of the welding seam can be eliminated. Of course, in order to completely eliminate the welding defects, in some embodiments, a weld seam detection step is further provided after the repair welding step to detect the welding position of the repair welding, and if there is a defect, the repair welding step is performed again, and if there is no defect, the next step is performed.
In some embodiments, the step of welding the back bottom further comprises a step of measuring the shape, wherein discrete points in polar coordinate space are established on the outer surface of the revolving body by using a laser range finder and are fitted into a mathematical model of the shape of the revolving body in a computer to complete the shape measurement. And the step of spraying marks is also included after the step of measuring the shape, so that the mounting marks are sprayed on the accessory mounting positions on the outer surface of the revolving body, and the accessories on the revolving body can be mounted in the subsequent process.
In some embodiments, the spraying and marking step is followed by a weighing step to obtain the weight of the revolving body. For example, the crane can hoist the revolving body through the tension sensor, and the quality of the revolving body can be obtained through the tension sensor.
In some embodiments, the machining device includes a head 8, a milling cutter 26, and a welding agitator head 27. Either the milling cutter 26 or the welding stirring head 27 is selectively mounted on the head 8, and the head 8 is used for driving the milling cutter 26 or the welding stirring head 27 to rotate. For example, the machine head 8 is provided with a rotatable spindle and a driving motor in transmission connection with the spindle, and the driving motor may be in transmission connection with the spindle through a coupler or a reducer to drive the spindle to rotate. While the milling cutter 26 or welding head 27 may be mounted to the spindle by a tool shank of the prior art for rotation therewith. The milling cutter 26 is rotated to perform milling, and the welding pin 27 is rotated to perform friction stir welding. One of the end surfaces of the third platform 7 opposite to the second platform 6 is provided with an annular guide rail, and the annular guide rail is arranged coaxially with the revolving body. Referring to fig. 2, the ring rail is provided on the third stage 7. The head 8 is slidably arranged on the annular guide rail. The thin-wall revolving body vertical in-situ machining system further comprises a driving device for driving the machine head 8 to move around the annular guide rail. For example, the driving device may include a circular rack coaxially disposed with the annular guide rail, a gear in meshing transmission with the circular rack, and a motor in driving connection with the gear, wherein the rack is also fixedly disposed on the third platform 7, the motor may be fixed to the handpiece 8, the gear may be in key connection with an output shaft of the motor, and the motor drives the gear to mesh with the rack, thereby driving the handpiece 8 to displace along the annular guide rail.
In some embodiments, the head 8 is slidably coupled to the ring rail via a head mount. The machine head is arranged on the machine head seat, the machine head seat is arranged on the annular guide rail, the motor for driving the gear is arranged on the machine head seat, and the motor can drive the machine head seat to slide along the annular guide rail when the motor drives the gear to rotate. The head seat is provided with a fourth guide mechanism which extends along the radial direction of the cylinder section 2, and the head 8 can be arranged on the fourth guide mechanism in a sliding way. For example, the fourth guiding mechanism is a guide rail, and the head 8 is provided with a guide groove in sliding fit with the guide rail. And a sixth linear driving device for driving the machine head 8 to displace along the fourth guide mechanism. For example, the sixth linear driving device includes a servo motor, a lead screw in transmission connection with the servo motor, and a nut in threaded engagement with the lead screw. The servo motor is fixed on the machine head seat, the nut is connected with the machine head 8, and the machine head 8 can be driven to move along the fourth guide mechanism by rotating the lead screw. By the arrangement, the machine head 8 can feed along the radial direction of the revolving body, so that the thin-wall revolving body vertical in-situ processing system can process the revolving bodies with different diameters, and the application range of the thin-wall revolving body vertical in-situ processing system is enlarged.
The welding seam detection device and the resistance welding device are arranged on the annular guide rail in a sliding mode, the welding seam detection device and the resistance welding device can be connected with the machine head 8 together, and accordingly can move along the annular guide rail together with the machine head 8, and the welding seam detection device and the resistance welding device can also be respectively provided with a driving device which is the same as the machine head 8 and can independently operate.
Referring to fig. 4, in some embodiments, the lifting clamp includes a lifting frame, which may be formed by welding profiles or the like. The bottom of the hoisting frame is provided with a connecting ring 9 used for being connected with the end frame of the front bottom 1, the connecting ring 9 can be connected with the end frame of the front bottom 1 through a fastener, as shown in the reference of figure 1, the end frame of the front bottom 1 is also in an annular structure, and the end frame of the front bottom 1 is provided with a through hole. When the front bottom 1 needs to be fixed on a hoisting clamp, firstly, the connecting ring 9 of the hoisting frame is opposite to the end frame of the front bottom 1, and then the connecting ring 9 and the end frame of the front bottom 1 are fixed by bolts, so that the hoisting clamp is simple and convenient and is stable in connection. The top of the hoisting frame is provided with a connecting rod 10, and the connecting rod 10 is detachably connected with the first platform 5 through a fastener. Referring to fig. 2, the connecting rod 10 may be lapped on the first platform 5, and the connecting rod 10 may be connected and fixed with the first platform 5 by a screw. When in use, the front bottom 1 is fixed on the connecting ring 9, and the hoisting clamp is hung on the first platform 5 by a crane for installation.
Referring to fig. 5 and 8, in some embodiments, each external pressure jig includes a support 11, a swing arm 12, a ram 13, and a first linear driving device. Each external pressure jig includes a plurality of seats 11, and the plurality of seats 11 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the barrel section 2. The swing arms 12, the pressure heads 13 and the first linear driving devices are the same in number as the supports 11 and correspond to the supports one by one. Swing arm 12 is articulated with support 11, and pressure head 13 sets up in swing arm 12 first end in order to be used for compressing tightly the outer wall of section of thick bamboo 2. One end of the first linear driving device is hinged with the second end of the swing arm 12, and the other end of the first linear driving device is hinged with the support 11. When the first linear driving device stretches, the swing arm 12 can be driven to rotate around the hinged point of the swing arm 12 and the support 11. For example, when the first linear driving device is extended, the swing arm 12 can drive the pressing head 13 to press against the outer wall of the revolving body, and when the first linear driving device is shortened, the swing arm 12 can drive the pressing head 13 to move away from the outer wall of the revolving body. Alternatively, the first linear drive means may be a pneumatic cylinder or an electric cylinder.
Referring to fig. 6-7, in some embodiments, the cartridge section internal support fixture includes a first base 14, a support plate 15, a top block 16, a second linear drive, and a third linear drive. The first base 14 is height adjustable. Referring to fig. 6, the first base 14 includes an upper portion and a lower portion connected by a plurality of vertical rods, and optionally, the vertical rods are fixedly connected to the lower portion of the first base 14 and slidably connected to the upper portion of the first base 14, so that the upper portion of the first base 14 can be displaced up and down. The lower part of the first base 14 can be provided with a motor and a lead screw in transmission connection with the motor, and the upper part of the first base 14 is provided with a nut in threaded fit with the lead screw, so that the upper part of the first base 14 is driven to lift in a lead screw nut mode, and the effect of adjusting the height of the first base 14 is achieved.
The number of the supporting plates 15 is plural, and the plural supporting plates 15 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the first chassis to support the lower end face of the barrel section 2. First guide mechanisms arranged in the vertical direction are arranged on the first base 14, the number of the first guide mechanisms is the same as that of the support plates 15, the first guide mechanisms correspond to the support plates 15 one by one, and the support plates 15 are slidably arranged on the corresponding first guide mechanisms. For example, the first guide mechanism may be a guide rail on which the support plate 15 is slidably mounted by a slider. The second linear driving device is used for driving the support plate 15 to displace, and for example, the second linear driving device may be an air cylinder or an electric cylinder. Alternatively, the number of the second linear driving devices is the same as the number of the support plates 15 and corresponds to one. The supporting plate 15 can support the cylinder section 2; on the other hand, referring to fig. 11, during the welding process of the two barrel sections 2 or the front bottom 1 and the barrel section 2, the adjusting support plate 15 is lowered, the pressing block of the supporting fixture in the barrel section can protrude out of the upper end face of the barrel section 2 below, then the first support 11 is raised, and the pressing block can enter the barrel section 2 above or the front bottom 1 to be tightly supported, so as to mill the lower end face of the barrel section 2 above or the lower end face of the front bottom 1.
Referring to fig. 7, the number of the top blocks 16 is multiple, and the first base 14 is further provided with second guiding mechanisms, the number of which is the same as that of the top blocks 16 and the second guiding mechanisms correspond to one another. A plurality of second guiding mechanisms are distributed along the circumference of the barrel section 2 and respectively extend along the radial direction of the barrel section 2, the top block 16 is slidably disposed on the second guiding mechanisms, for example, the second guiding mechanisms are guide rails, and a guide groove slidably engaged with the guide rails is disposed on the top block 16. The third linear drive is used for driving the top block 16 to displace. The third linear drive may be a pneumatic cylinder or an electric cylinder. Referring to fig. 7, the housing of the third linear actuator is hinged to the first base 14, and the movable part of the third linear actuator is hinged to the top block 16 to push the top block 16 to displace along the second guide mechanism.
In order to ensure the roundness of the tightened cylinder section 2, in some embodiments, the cylinder section internal bracing fixture further comprises a bracing ring 17 in an annular structure, and each top block 16 abuts against the inner wall of the bracing ring 17. So set up, prop tight in-process, third linear drive device promotes kicking block 16, each kicking block 16 top tightly with prop tight ring 17's inner wall for prop tight ring 17 tight section of thick bamboo section 2 that rises, utilize the deformation of propping tight ring 17 to prop tightly from section of thick bamboo section 2 inside promptly, so can avoid because the poor problem of circularity when each third linear drive device operation is asynchronous or installation error etc. leads to section of thick bamboo section 2 to be propped tightly, guarantee to be propped tight section of thick bamboo section 2's circularity.
Optionally, a plug 18 is disposed at a front end of each of the top blocks 16, a third guide mechanism extending in the vertical direction is disposed on the top block 16, and the plug 18 is slidably disposed on the third guide mechanism. For example, the third guiding mechanism is a vertically arranged guide rail, and the plug 18 is provided with a guide groove which is in sliding fit with the guide rail. Each of the top blocks 16 is connected to the tightening ring 17 via a corresponding head 18. And each top 18 can move up and down along the top block 16, so that the supporting position of the cylinder section 2 can be adjusted along the vertical direction by the cylinder section internal supporting clamp.
Referring to fig. 9-10, in some embodiments, the bottom internal bracing fixture includes a second base 19, a center frame 20, and a bracing mechanism. The height of the second base 19 is adjustable, and the specific arrangement form of the second base 19 can refer to the first base 14, and the structures of the two are the same, and are not described again.
Referring to fig. 10, the center frame 20 is provided with a fourth linear driving means extending in an axial direction thereof. The number of the tightening mechanisms is plural, and the plural tightening mechanisms are distributed along the circumferential direction of the center frame 20. Each tightening mechanism comprises a stay bar 21, a connecting rod 22 and a correcting block. The connecting rods 22 and the shape correcting blocks are in one-to-one correspondence with the support rods 21. The first section of the strut is retractable relative to the second section of the strut. For example, the first section of the stay bar is slidably connected with the second section of the stay bar, and the first section of the stay bar is provided with an air cylinder, and a piston rod of the air cylinder is connected with the second section of the stay bar so as to drive the second section of the stay bar to displace relative to the first section of the stay bar. The first section of the stay bar 21 is hinged with the center frame 20, one end of the connecting rod 22 is hinged with the moving part of the fourth linear driving device, and the other end of the connecting rod 22 is hinged with the first section of the stay bar 21, so that the fourth linear driving device drives the stay bar 21 to rotate around the hinged point of the stay bar 21 and the center frame 20 through the connecting rod 22. For example, the fourth linear drive may be a screw lift, an electric cylinder, or an air cylinder. The push rod or piston rod thereof constitutes the moving part of the fourth linear driving device. When the fourth linear driving device extends and retracts, the connecting rod 22 can drive the support rod 21 to rotate around a hinge point between the support rod 21 and the center frame 20. For example, when the fourth linear driving device is extended, the stay bar 21 is in a horizontal state, and then the stay bar is controlled to extend to tightly support the inner wall of the rear sole 3; when the fourth linear driving device retracts, the support rod 21 is in a vertical state so as to reduce the radial size of the box bottom internal support clamp, and the box bottom internal support clamp can be conveniently taken out from the welded revolving body structure.
Referring to fig. 13, the calibration blocks are disposed at an end of the second section of the stay 21 away from the center frame, and each calibration block includes two arc-shaped blocks 24. The two arc blocks 24 are respectively arranged at two sides of the stay bar 21 and are respectively hinged with the stay bar 21. The tightening mechanism further comprises a driving mechanism 23 for driving the arc-shaped blocks to rotate. The number of the driving mechanisms 23 is the same as the number of the arc-shaped blocks and corresponds to one. For example, the driving mechanism 23 may be an air cylinder or an electric cylinder. The arc blocks are provided with sliding grooves, one end of each driving mechanism 23 is hinged to the second section of the support rod, and the other end of each driving mechanism is slidably arranged in the sliding groove of the corresponding arc block through a pin shaft. Referring to fig. 13, when the driving mechanism 23 is extended, the arc blocks can be opened to tighten the inner wall of the rear bottom; when the driving mechanism is shortened, the arc-shaped blocks are folded, so that when the support rod can rotate to a vertical folding state, the adjacent arc-shaped blocks cannot interfere.
Referring to fig. 10, in order to increase the rigidity of the tightening mechanism, in some embodiments, the tightening mechanism further includes a fifth linear driving device 25, and the fifth linear driving device 25 is hinged to the center frame 20 at one end and is hinged to a sliding seat at the other end, and the sliding seat is slidably disposed in a slide way axially disposed along the stay 21. The fifth linear driving device can be an air cylinder, the fifth linear driving device can keep a follow-up state in the rotation process of the support rod, and when the support rod is in a horizontal state, the fifth linear driving device is cut off and locked, so that the fifth linear driving device can provide supporting force for the support rod, the rigidity of the support rod is improved, and the stability of the support rod during tightening is improved.
In some embodiments, the box bottom internal support fixture further comprises an end frame support mechanism for supporting the end frame of the back bottom 3. The number of the end frame supporting mechanisms is multiple, and the end frame supporting mechanisms are distributed along the circumferential direction of the rear bottom 3. Alternatively, the end frame supporting mechanism may adopt the same structure as the supporting plate 15 in the barrel section internal support jig to support and adjust the height of the rear sole 3. Of course, the end frame supporting mechanism may also adopt the structure as shown in fig. 12, which may include a housing 32, a guide rod 29 rotatably connected to the housing 32, a guide block 30 in threaded fit with the guide rod 29, a swing link 31 rotatably connected to the housing 32 at the middle portion, a positioning pin 34 and a tightening mechanism 33. The housing 32 further has a guide groove slidably engaged with the guide block 30 and preventing the guide block 30 from rotating, and the guide bar 29 can drive the guide block 30 to move along the guide groove when rotating. The guide block 30 is provided with a groove for the lower end of the swing rod 31 to extend into, the upper end of the swing rod 31 is used for supporting the end frame of the rear bottom 3, and the guide block 30 can drive the lower end of the swing rod 31 to move when moving, so that the swing rod 31 rotates, and the upper end of the swing rod 31 jacks up or puts down the end frame of the rear bottom 3. The housing 32 is further provided with positioning pins 34 for engaging with the through holes in the end frame of the rear sole 3 to position the rear sole 3 in the circumferential direction. The tightening mechanism 33 is used for tightening from the outside of the end frame of the rear sole 3.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A vertical in-situ machining method for a thin-wall revolving body is characterized by comprising the following steps:
hoisting the front bottom, namely fixing and hoisting the front bottom (1) in a vertical state so as to enable the front bottom (1) to be capable of lifting;
moving the cylinder section to be welded into the cylinder section, and moving the cylinder section (2) to be welded to the position below the front bottom (1);
milling the lower end face of the front bottom, tightly supporting the inner wall of the front bottom (1), pressing the outer wall of the front bottom (1), and milling the lower end face of the front bottom (1);
milling the upper end face of the barrel section, tightly supporting the inner wall of the barrel section (2), pressing the outer wall of the barrel section (2), and milling the upper end face of the barrel section (2);
welding a cylinder section, butting the lower end of the front bottom (1) with the upper end of the cylinder section (2), tightly supporting the joint of the front bottom (1) and the cylinder section (2), and performing friction stir welding on the joint of the front bottom (1) and the cylinder section (2);
milling the lower end face of the barrel section, tightly supporting the inner wall of the barrel section (2), pressing the outer wall of the barrel section (2), and milling the lower end face of the barrel section (2);
moving in a new barrel section and repeating the steps: milling the upper end surface of the cylinder section (2), welding the cylinder section (2) and the lower end surface of the cylinder section (2) until all the cylinder sections (2) are welded;
moving the rear bottom into the welding position, and moving the rear bottom (3) to the position below the welded cylinder section (2);
milling the upper end face of the rear bottom, tightly supporting the inner wall of the rear bottom (3), pressing the outer wall of the rear bottom (3), and milling the upper end face of the rear bottom (3);
and welding the rear bottom, butting the lower end of the cylinder section (2) with the upper end of the rear bottom (3), tightly supporting the joint of the cylinder section (2) and the rear bottom (3), and performing friction stir welding on the cylinder section (2) and the rear bottom (3).
2. The vertical in-situ machining method for the thin-wall revolving body according to claim 1, characterized in that a weld joint detection step is included in both the barrel section welding step and the bottom-after-welding step to detect a weld joint and record the position with a welding defect.
3. The vertical in-situ machining method for the thin-wall revolving body according to claim 2, characterized in that a repair welding step is included after each weld detection step to perform repair welding on a position having a welding defect.
4. The vertical in-situ machining method for the thin-wall revolving body according to claim 3, characterized in that a weld joint detection step is further provided after the repair welding step to detect the welding position of the repair welding, and if the defect exists, the repair welding step is performed again, and if the defect does not exist, the next step is performed.
5. The vertical in-situ machining method for the thin-wall revolving body according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a shape measurement step after the welding back bottom step, wherein discrete points in polar coordinate space are established on the outer surface of the revolving body by using a laser range finder and are fitted into a mathematical model of the revolving body shape in a computer to complete the shape measurement.
6. The vertical in-situ machining method for the thin-wall revolving body according to claim 5, further comprising a step of spraying a mark after the step of measuring the outer shape, so as to spray a mounting mark on an attachment mounting position on the outer surface of the revolving body.
7. The vertical in-situ machining method for the thin-wall revolving body according to claim 6, characterized by further comprising a weighing step after the spraying and marking step to obtain the weight of the revolving body.
8. The vertical in-situ machining method for the thin-wall revolving body according to claim 1, wherein the welded revolving body is hoisted down by a crane after the welding back bottom step.
9. The vertical in-situ machining method for the thin-wall revolving body according to claim 1, characterized in that the front bottom (1) is fixed on a hoisting fixture, the hoisting fixture is detachably connected to a first platform (5) of a frame body (4), the first platform (5) can be lifted along the frame body (4), and an avoiding hole for the revolving body to pass through is formed in the first platform (5).
10. The vertical in-situ machining method for the thin-wall revolving body according to claim 9 is characterized in that the hoisting clamp comprises a hoisting frame, a connecting ring for connecting with the end frame of the front bottom (1) is arranged at the bottom of the hoisting frame, the connecting ring is used for connecting with the end frame of the front bottom (1) through a fastener, and a connecting rod is arranged at the top of the hoisting frame and is used for detachably connecting with the first platform (5) through a fastener.
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