CN111917440A - Wave beam selection and limited feedback method for offshore over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array - Google Patents

Wave beam selection and limited feedback method for offshore over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN111917440A
CN111917440A CN201911182833.3A CN201911182833A CN111917440A CN 111917440 A CN111917440 A CN 111917440A CN 201911182833 A CN201911182833 A CN 201911182833A CN 111917440 A CN111917440 A CN 111917440A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
base station
angle
feedback value
horizon
shore
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201911182833.3A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN111917440B (en
Inventor
孙强
朱晏民
王珏
苏厉
冯伟
杨永杰
葛宁
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nantong University
Nantong Research Institute for Advanced Communication Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nantong University
Nantong Research Institute for Advanced Communication Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nantong University, Nantong Research Institute for Advanced Communication Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Nantong University
Priority to CN201911182833.3A priority Critical patent/CN111917440B/en
Publication of CN111917440A publication Critical patent/CN111917440A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN111917440B publication Critical patent/CN111917440B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0408—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0621—Feedback content
    • H04B7/0632—Channel quality parameters, e.g. channel quality indicator [CQI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0636—Feedback format
    • H04B7/0639—Using selective indices, e.g. of a codebook, e.g. pre-distortion matrix index [PMI] or for beam selection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0658—Feedback reduction

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for selecting and feeding back a wave beam of an over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array on the sea, which comprises the steps of determining the angle range of the wave beam in the horizontal direction by utilizing base station position information, a ship navigation line and ship AIS information; calculating to obtain the range of the vertical trapping angle by utilizing the heights of the base station and the ship antenna, the height of the waveguide layer and the corrected refraction slope parameter of the waveguide; obtaining theoretical coarse beam angle information by using the information; and (3) performing fine beam training within the range of the theoretical angle value, searching for more accurate angles in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, reducing feedback overhead by a limited feedback method, and finding out the optimal code word more quickly. The invention has the characteristics of reduced beam searching range, high searching speed, small required signaling overhead, small feedback overhead and low algorithm complexity.

Description

Wave beam selection and limited feedback method for offshore over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array
Technical Field
The invention relates to an over-the-horizon communication technology, in particular to an over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array communication technology on the sea.
Background
In an beyond visual range scene, the earth curvature causes the shielding of a received signal, and a direct path component does not exist, at the moment, an ultra-long distance communication link can be formed by utilizing the trapping effect of the marine atmospheric waveguide on electromagnetic waves, and a channel model of the ultra-long distance communication link is obviously different from a visual range channel model. In the sea area beyond visual range channel, in the vertical direction, according to parameters such as the height of an antenna, the height of a waveguide layer, the waveguide correction refraction slope and the like, a vertical direction trapping angle is calculated by a trapping angle formula; in the aspect of horizontal direction beam design, the design can be assisted through the position information of the ship terminal. Since the trapping angle is very narrow in the angular domain, a very precise beam design is required to achieve the trapping effect. However, in practical situations, because the height of the ship antenna changes under the influence of sea waves and the distribution of the waveguide layer is not uniform, the influence of the deviation between the actual value and the theoretical value on the accurate acquisition of the vertical trapping angle cannot be avoided. Under the condition that a large-scale antenna planar array is configured at a base station end and a ship terminal, how to quickly and accurately find horizontal and vertical beams from a codebook is a difficult point of over-the-horizon communication at sea.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a method for selecting and feeding back a beam of an over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array on the sea, which determines the angle range of the beam in the horizontal direction by utilizing the position information of a base station, a ship navigation line and ship AIS information; calculating to obtain the range of the vertical trapping angle by utilizing the heights of the base station and the ship antenna, the height of the waveguide layer and the corrected refraction slope parameter of the waveguide; obtaining theoretical preliminary beam angle information by using the information; and (3) performing the fine beam training within the range of the theoretical angle value, searching for more accurate angles in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, reducing the feedback overhead by a limited feedback method, and finding out the optimal code word more quickly.
The technical scheme is as follows: a method for wave beam selection and limited feedback of an offshore over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array comprises the following steps:
step 11: the shore-based base station determines the horizontal direction angle of a beam pointing to the ship terminal according to the ship navigation line and the position information provided by AIS equipment equipped for the ship; the ship terminal equipment determines the horizontal direction of a wave beam pointing to the shore-based base station according to the position of the base station and the self route and position information;
step 12: the shore-based base station calculates to obtain a vertical trapping angle according to the height of the antenna, the height of the waveguide layer and the corrected refraction slope parameter of the waveguide; the ship terminal equipment calculates to obtain a vertical trapping angle according to the antenna height, the waveguide layer height and the corrected refraction slope parameter of the waveguide;
step S13: designing a first-level coarse beam by the shore-based base station large-scale antenna array according to the horizontal and vertical beam angle ranges calculated in the steps S11 and S12;
step 14: if the beam angle range is not changed, go to step 16; otherwise, turning to step 15;
step 15: performing beam training in the range of the coarse beam angle value and determining a second-stage finer beam by using a limited feedback mode;
step 16: the cycle wait ends, step 11.
Preferably, in step S15, the specific steps of beam training and determining the second-stage finer beam by using the limited feedback method are as follows:
step 201: the shore-based base station sets the initial beam channel quality feedback value and the corresponding optimal code word serial number to be 0;
step 202: fixing the vertical coarse wave beam by the shore-based base station and the ship terminal, and obtaining the horizontal direction range by the shore-based base station according to the step 13
Figure BDA0002291725570000021
Subdividing the obtained horizontal angle range into N equal divisions;
step 203: the shore-based base stations are offset in sequence
Figure BDA0002291725570000022
Angle switching is carried out to send training beamlets, and waiting time is set;
step 204: the ship terminal searches the optimal code word of the horizontal angle from the discrete Fourier transform codebook; feeding the code word serial number and the current beam channel quality back to the shore-based base station;
step 205: judging whether feedback is received or not in a waiting period;
step 206: if the base station receives the feedback value, comparing the feedback value of the received channel quality with the last stored feedback value;
step S207: if the received feedback value is large, saving the feedback value received this time and the corresponding optimal code word serial number, and turning to step S203;
step 208: if the received feedback value is small, deleting the feedback value received this time, and reserving the last stored feedback value and the corresponding optimal code word serial number; turning to step 210;
step 209: if the feedback value is not received, retaining the last stored feedback value and the corresponding optimal code word serial number; turning to step 203;
step 210: obtaining the fixed horizontal thin beam from step 203 to step 209, and the shore-based base station obtaining the vertical direction range according to step 13
Figure BDA0002291725570000031
Subdividing the obtained horizontal angle range into N equal divisions;
step S211: the shore-based base stations are offset in sequence
Figure BDA0002291725570000032
Switching and sending the training beamlets, and setting waiting time;
step 212: the ship terminal searches for the optimal code word of the vertical angle from the discrete Fourier transform codebook; feeding the code word serial number and the current beam channel quality back to the shore-based base station;
step 213: judging whether feedback is received or not in a waiting period;
step 214: if the base station receives the feedback value, comparing the received feedback value with the last stored feedback value;
step 215: if the received feedback value is large, updating and storing the current feedback value and the corresponding optimal code word serial number, and turning to step 211;
step 216: if the received feedback value is small, deleting the feedback value received this time, and keeping the last stored feedback value;
step 217: if the feedback value is not received, retaining the last stored feedback value; go to step 211.
Preferably, the periodic waiting in step 16 includes periodic waiting in the horizontal direction and periodic waiting in the vertical direction, which are different in time, and the change of the trapping angle in the vertical direction is slow due to the influence of climate change, and the period is set to be per hour; the moving speed of the ship is not fast to change in the beam horizontal angle domain, and the set period is every minute.
Preferably, the system model of over-the-horizon marine transmission is as follows:
Figure BDA0002291725570000041
wherein y is a signal vector received by the ship terminal, x is a signal vector sent by the offshore base station, n is a Gaussian white noise signal vector, H is an offshore over-the-horizon channel matrix, U and V are first-stage coarse beams of the base station and the ship terminal, and W is a coarse beam of the ship terminal and a coarse beam of the ship terminalBAnd FBSecond order beamlets of the base station and ship terminals,
Figure BDA0002291725570000042
the channel is an over-the-horizon angular domain equivalent channel, where M rows correspond to M different horizontal beam directions and N columns correspond to N different vertical direction beams.
Preferably, in step S11, the coordinates of the base station BS and the user MS are known to be (x) respectivelyMS，yMS)，(xBS，yBS) According to the coordinate relationSo as to obtain the arrival angle of the user in the horizontal direction and the departure angle of the base station as
Figure BDA0002291725570000043
Figure BDA0002291725570000044
Preferably, in step S12, the waveguide layer trapping angle range is calculated by ray tracing:
Figure BDA0002291725570000045
wherein h istIs the transmitting end antenna height, heHeight of the waveguide layer (evaporative waveguide generally not exceeding 40 m), R0Is the earth's radius (about 6370 meters), n (0) is the surface index of refraction (about 1.00035),
Figure BDA0002291725570000046
is the modified refractive slope of the waveguide. To satisfy the trapping condition, h is generallyt＜heTherefore, the shore-based base station can realize over-the-horizon transmission at a lower height.
Preferably, in step 204, since it is difficult to obtain the instantaneous CSI for the second-stage beamlets in the beyond-line-of-sight scene, the codeword with the best horizontal angle is first found from the codebook in a limited feedback manner:
Figure BDA0002291725570000047
wherein W and F are discrete Fourier transform codebooks at both ends of the horizontal direction transmission and reception,
Figure BDA0002291725570000048
is any code word of a horizontal direction discrete Fourier transform codebook,
Figure BDA0002291725570000049
is the best codeword determined in the horizontal direction.
Preferably, in step 212, after determining the horizontal angle best codeword, the vertical best trapping angle is found in the codebook:
Figure BDA0002291725570000051
wherein L and K are discrete Fourier transform codebooks at the two ends of the vertical transmitting and receiving,
Figure BDA0002291725570000052
is the best codeword determined in the horizontal direction,
Figure BDA0002291725570000053
is any code word of a vertical direction discrete Fourier transform codebook,
Figure BDA0002291725570000054
is the best codeword determined in the vertical direction.
Has the advantages that: the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention realizes the wave beam design scheme of the marine over-the-horizon communication, the wave beam searching range is reduced, and the searching speed is high;
2. according to the invention, the time information such as a ship navigation route, ship position information, shore-based base station position information, antenna height information, waveguide layer height and waveguide correction refraction slope and the like needs to be known, the required signaling overhead is low, and the optimal beam switching period is long;
3. the invention utilizes the limited feedback based on the codebook, the required feedback overhead is small, and the algorithm complexity is low.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a beam selection and finite feedback method for an over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array on the sea according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a secondary beam determination method based on limited feedback according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below so that those skilled in the art can better understand the advantages and features of the present invention, and thus the scope of the present invention will be more clearly defined. The embodiments described herein are only a few embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty based on the embodiments described herein are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Examples
The system model of the marine over-the-horizon transmission comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002291725570000061
wherein y is a signal vector received by the ship terminal, x is a signal vector sent by the offshore base station, n is a Gaussian white noise signal vector, H is an offshore over-the-horizon channel matrix, U and V are first-stage coarse beams of the base station and the ship terminal, and W is a coarse beam of the ship terminal and a coarse beam of the ship terminalBAnd FBSecond order beamlets of the base station and ship terminals,
Figure BDA0002291725570000062
the channel is an over-the-horizon angular domain equivalent channel, where M rows correspond to M different horizontal beam directions and N columns correspond to N different vertical direction beams. The shore-based base station and the ship terminal know the same discrete fourier transform codebook.
Step 11: the shore-based base station determines the horizontal direction angle of a beam pointing to the ship terminal according to the ship navigation line and the position information provided by AIS equipment equipped for the ship; the ship terminal equipment determines the horizontal direction of a wave beam pointing to the shore-based base station according to the position of the base station and the self route and position information;
the coordinates of the known base station BS and the user MS are respectively (x)MS，yMS)，(xBS，yBS) According to the coordinate relationship, the arrival angle of the user in the horizontal direction and the departure angle of the base station are respectively obtained
Figure BDA0002291725570000063
Figure BDA0002291725570000064
Step 12: the shore-based base station calculates to obtain a vertical trapping angle according to the height of the antenna, the height of the waveguide layer and the corrected refraction slope parameter of the waveguide; the ship terminal equipment calculates to obtain a vertical trapping angle according to the antenna height, the waveguide layer height and the corrected refraction slope parameter of the waveguide;
calculating the trapping angle range of the waveguide layer by using a ray tracing method:
Figure BDA0002291725570000065
wherein h istIs the transmitting end antenna height, heHeight of the waveguide layer (evaporative waveguide generally not exceeding 40 m), R0Is the earth's radius (about 6370 meters), n (0) is the surface index of refraction (about 1.00035),
Figure BDA0002291725570000066
is the modified refractive slope of the waveguide. To satisfy the trapping condition, h is generallyt＜heTherefore, the shore-based base station can realize over-the-horizon transmission at a lower height.
Step 13: designing first-level coarse wave beams U and V by the shore-based base station and the ship terminal according to the wave beam angle ranges calculated in the steps 11 and 12;
step 14: if the beam angle range is not changed, go to step 16; otherwise, turning to step 15;
step 15: performing beam training in the range of the coarse beam angle value and determining a second-stage finer beam by using a limited feedback mode;
step 16: the cycle wait ends, step 11.
The beams are trained and the second stage finer beams are determined using a limited feedback approach. The method mainly comprises the following steps:
step 201: the shore-based base station sets the initial beam channel quality feedback value and the corresponding optimal code word serial number to be 0;
step 202: fixing the vertical coarse wave beam by the shore-based base station and the ship terminal, and obtaining the horizontal direction range by the shore-based base station according to the step 13
Figure BDA0002291725570000071
Subdividing the obtained horizontal angle range into N equal divisions;
step 203: the shore-based base stations are offset in sequence
Figure BDA0002291725570000072
Angle switching is carried out to send training beamlets, and waiting time is set;
step 204: the ship terminal searches the optimal code word of the horizontal angle from the discrete Fourier transform codebook; feeding the code word serial number and the current beam channel quality back to the shore-based base station;
because the instantaneous CSI is difficult to obtain by the second-stage beamlets in the beyond-line-of-sight scene, the code word with the best horizontal angle can be searched from the codebook in a limited feedback mode:
Figure BDA0002291725570000073
wherein W and F are discrete Fourier transform codebooks at both ends of the horizontal direction transmission and reception,
Figure BDA0002291725570000074
is any code word of a horizontal direction discrete Fourier transform codebook,
Figure BDA0002291725570000075
is the best codeword determined in the horizontal direction.
Step 205: judging whether feedback is received or not in a waiting period;
step 206: if the base station receives the feedback value, comparing the feedback value of the received channel quality with the last stored feedback value;
step S207: if the received feedback value is large, saving the feedback value received this time and the corresponding optimal code word serial number, and turning to step S203;
step 208: if the received feedback value is small, deleting the feedback value received this time, and reserving the last stored feedback value and the corresponding optimal code word serial number; turning to step 210;
step 209: if the feedback value is not received, retaining the last stored feedback value and the corresponding optimal code word serial number; turning to step 203;
step 210: obtaining the fixed horizontal thin beam from step 203 to step 209, and the shore-based base station obtaining the vertical direction range according to step 13
Figure BDA0002291725570000081
Subdividing the obtained horizontal angle range into N equal divisions;
step S211: the shore-based base stations are offset in sequence
Figure BDA0002291725570000082
Switching and sending the training beamlets, and setting waiting time;
step 212: the ship terminal searches for the optimal code word of the vertical angle from the discrete Fourier transform codebook; feeding the code word serial number and the current beam channel quality back to the shore-based base station;
after determining the horizontal angle best codeword, the vertical best trapping angle is found in the codebook:
Figure BDA0002291725570000083
wherein L and K are discrete Fourier transform codebooks at the two ends of the vertical transmitting and receiving,
Figure BDA0002291725570000084
is confirmed in the horizontal directionThe best code word is determined and the best code word is selected,
Figure BDA0002291725570000085
is any code word of a vertical direction discrete Fourier transform codebook,
Figure BDA0002291725570000086
is the best codeword determined in the vertical direction. The search process refers to a theoretical calculation value under ideal conditions so as to reduce a search space.
Step 213: judging whether feedback is received or not in a waiting period;
step 214: if the base station receives the feedback value, comparing the received feedback value with the last stored feedback value;
step 215: if the received feedback value is large, updating and storing the current feedback value and the corresponding optimal code word serial number; turning to step 211;
step 216: if the received feedback value is small, deleting the feedback value received this time, and keeping the last stored feedback value;
step 217: if the feedback value is not received, retaining the last stored feedback value; go to step 211.
The invention realizes the wave beam design scheme of the marine over-the-horizon communication, the wave beam searching range is reduced, and the searching speed is high; the navigation route of the ship, ship position information, shore-based base station position information, antenna height information, waveguide layer height, waveguide correction refraction slope and other long-time information need to be known, the required signaling overhead is low, and the optimal beam switching period is long; the invention utilizes the limited feedback based on the codebook, the required feedback overhead is small, and the algorithm complexity is low.

Claims (8)

1. A method for over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array beam selection and limited feedback on the sea is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S11: the shore-based base station determines the horizontal direction angle of a beam pointing to the ship terminal according to the ship navigation line and the position information provided by AIS equipment equipped for the ship; the ship terminal equipment determines the horizontal direction of a wave beam pointing to the shore-based base station according to the position of the base station and the self route and position information;
step S12: the shore-based base station calculates to obtain a vertical trapping angle according to the height of the antenna, the height of the waveguide layer and the corrected refraction slope parameter of the waveguide; the ship terminal equipment calculates to obtain a vertical trapping angle according to the antenna height, the waveguide layer height and the corrected refraction slope parameter of the waveguide;
step S13: designing a first-level coarse beam by the shore-based base station large-scale antenna array according to the horizontal and vertical beam angle ranges calculated in the steps S11 and S12;
step S14: if the beam angle range is not changed, go to step S16; otherwise, go to step S15;
step S15: performing beam training in the range of the coarse beam angle value and determining a second-stage finer beam by using a limited feedback mode;
step S16: the cycle wait ends, and the process goes to step S11.
2. The offshore over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array beam selection and limited feedback method of claim 1, wherein: in step S15, the specific steps of beam training and determining the second-stage finer beam by using the limited feedback method are as follows:
step S201: the shore-based base station sets the initial beam channel quality feedback value and the corresponding optimal code word serial number to be 0;
step S202: fixing the vertical coarse wave beam by the shore-based base station and the ship terminal, wherein the shore-based base station obtains the horizontal direction range according to the step S13
Figure FDA0002291725560000011
Subdividing the obtained horizontal angle range into N equal divisions;
step S203: the shore-based base stations are offset in sequence
Figure FDA0002291725560000012
Angle switching is carried out to send training beamlets, and waiting time is set;
step S204: the ship terminal searches the optimal code word of the horizontal angle from the discrete Fourier transform codebook; feeding the code word serial number and the current beam channel quality back to the shore-based base station;
step S205: in the waiting period, the base station judges whether feedback is received;
step S206: if the base station receives the feedback value, comparing the feedback value of the received channel quality with the last stored feedback value;
step S207: if the received feedback value is large, saving the feedback value received this time and the corresponding optimal code word serial number, and turning to step S203;
step S208: if the received feedback value is small, deleting the feedback value received this time, and reserving the last stored feedback value and the corresponding optimal code word serial number; go to step S210;
step S209: if the feedback value is not received, retaining the last stored feedback value and the corresponding optimal code word serial number; turning to step S203;
step S210: obtaining the fixed horizontal thin beam from step S203 to step S209, the shore-based base station obtains the vertical direction range according to step S13
Figure FDA0002291725560000021
Subdividing the obtained horizontal angle range into N equal divisions;
step S211: the shore-based base stations are offset in sequence
Figure FDA0002291725560000022
Switching and sending the training beamlets, and setting waiting time;
step S212: the ship terminal searches for the optimal code word of the vertical angle from the discrete Fourier transform codebook; feeding the code word serial number and the current beam channel quality back to the shore-based base station;
step S213: judging whether feedback is received or not in a waiting period;
step S214: if the base station receives the feedback value, comparing the received feedback value with the last stored feedback value;
step S215: if the received feedback value is large, updating and storing the current feedback value and the corresponding optimal code word serial number, and turning to step S211;
step S216: if the received feedback value is small, deleting the feedback value received this time, and keeping the last stored feedback value;
step S217: if the feedback value is not received, retaining the last stored feedback value; go to step S211.
3. The offshore over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array beam selection and limited feedback method of claim 1, wherein: the periodic waiting in the step S16 includes periodic waiting in the horizontal direction and periodic waiting in the vertical direction, which are different in time, and the change of the trapping angle in the vertical direction is influenced by climate change, so that the change is slow, and the period is set to be per hour; the moving speed of the ship is not fast to change in the beam horizontal angle domain, and the set period is every minute.
4. The offshore over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array beam selection and limited feedback method of claim 1, wherein: the system model of the marine over-the-horizon transmission is as follows:
Figure FDA0002291725560000031
wherein y is a signal vector received by the ship terminal, x is a signal vector sent by the offshore base station, n is a Gaussian white noise signal vector, H is an offshore over-the-horizon channel matrix, U and V are first-stage coarse beams of the base station and the ship terminal, and W is a coarse beam of the ship terminal and a coarse beam of the ship terminalBAnd FBSecond order beamlets of the base station and ship terminals,
Figure FDA0002291725560000036
the channel is an over-the-horizon angular domain equivalent channel, where M rows correspond to M different horizontal beam directions and N columns correspond to N different vertical direction beams.
5. The offshore over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array beam selection and limited feedback method of claim 1, whichIs characterized in that: in step S11, the coordinates of the base station BS and the user MS are known as (x)MS，yMS)，(xBS，yBS) According to the coordinate relationship, the arrival angle of the user in the horizontal direction and the departure angle of the base station are respectively obtained
Figure FDA0002291725560000032
Figure FDA0002291725560000033
6. The offshore over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array beam selection and limited feedback method of claim 1, wherein: in step S12, the range of the trapping angle of the waveguide layer is calculated by ray tracing:
Figure FDA0002291725560000034
wherein h istIs the transmitting end antenna height, heHeight of the waveguide layer (evaporative waveguide generally not exceeding 40 m), R0Is the earth's radius (about 6370 meters), n (0) is the surface index of refraction (about 1.00035),
Figure FDA0002291725560000035
is the modified refractive slope of the waveguide. To satisfy the trapping condition, h is generallyt＜heTherefore, the shore-based base station can realize over-the-horizon transmission at a lower height.
7. The offshore over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array beam selection and limited feedback method of claim 1, wherein: in step 204, because the second-stage beamlets in the beyond-the-horizon scene are difficult to obtain the instantaneous CSI, the codeword with the best horizontal angle is first searched from the codebook in a limited feedback manner:
Figure FDA0002291725560000041
wherein W and F are discrete Fourier transform codebooks at both ends of the horizontal direction transmission and reception,
Figure FDA0002291725560000042
is any code word of a horizontal direction discrete Fourier transform codebook,
Figure FDA0002291725560000043
is the best codeword determined in the horizontal direction.
8. The offshore over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array beam selection and limited feedback method of claim 1, wherein: in step 212, after determining the horizontal angle best codeword, the vertical best trapping angle is found in the codebook:
Figure FDA0002291725560000044
wherein L and K are discrete Fourier transform codebooks at the two ends of the vertical transmitting and receiving,
Figure FDA0002291725560000045
is the best codeword determined in the horizontal direction,
Figure FDA0002291725560000046
is any code word of a vertical direction discrete Fourier transform codebook,
Figure FDA0002291725560000047
is the best codeword determined in the vertical direction.
CN201911182833.3A 2019-11-27 2019-11-27 Wave beam selection and limited feedback method for offshore over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array Active CN111917440B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911182833.3A CN111917440B (en) 2019-11-27 2019-11-27 Wave beam selection and limited feedback method for offshore over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911182833.3A CN111917440B (en) 2019-11-27 2019-11-27 Wave beam selection and limited feedback method for offshore over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111917440A true CN111917440A (en) 2020-11-10
CN111917440B CN111917440B (en) 2022-03-15

Family

ID=73242425

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201911182833.3A Active CN111917440B (en) 2019-11-27 2019-11-27 Wave beam selection and limited feedback method for offshore over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111917440B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114844548A (en) * 2022-03-26 2022-08-02 西北工业大学 Communication method and system

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110235728A1 (en) * 2010-03-29 2011-09-29 Eices Research, Inc. Increased capacity communications for ofdm-based wireless communications systems/methods/devices
CN107276649A (en) * 2017-06-08 2017-10-20 东南大学 The feedback-less wave beam training method that low precision analog-to-digital conversion is combined with mixing precoding
CN108781233A (en) * 2015-04-09 2018-11-09 康福斯技术公司 Beacon for range-measurement system and associated component
CN108777842A (en) * 2018-06-01 2018-11-09 东南大学 Mobile terminal locating method, apparatus and system based on wave beam training
CN108964729A (en) * 2018-09-20 2018-12-07 南通大学 The extensive antenna plane array beam selection in sea area and user scheduling method
CN109408919A (en) * 2018-10-11 2019-03-01 南通先进通信技术研究院有限公司 A kind of sea area evaporation waveguide channel generation method

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110235728A1 (en) * 2010-03-29 2011-09-29 Eices Research, Inc. Increased capacity communications for ofdm-based wireless communications systems/methods/devices
CN108781233A (en) * 2015-04-09 2018-11-09 康福斯技术公司 Beacon for range-measurement system and associated component
CN107276649A (en) * 2017-06-08 2017-10-20 东南大学 The feedback-less wave beam training method that low precision analog-to-digital conversion is combined with mixing precoding
CN108777842A (en) * 2018-06-01 2018-11-09 东南大学 Mobile terminal locating method, apparatus and system based on wave beam training
CN108964729A (en) * 2018-09-20 2018-12-07 南通大学 The extensive antenna plane array beam selection in sea area and user scheduling method
CN109408919A (en) * 2018-10-11 2019-03-01 南通先进通信技术研究院有限公司 A kind of sea area evaporation waveguide channel generation method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
孙强 等: "基于凸优化的小蜂窝网络最小功耗方法", 《计算机工程》 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114844548A (en) * 2022-03-26 2022-08-02 西北工业大学 Communication method and system
CN114844548B (en) * 2022-03-26 2024-02-23 西北工业大学 Communication method and system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN111917440B (en) 2022-03-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN102868029B (en) Antenna alignment method used for communication scattering in motion
CN102480678A (en) Fingerprint positioning method and system
CN109742542B (en) Rapid automatic alignment method for narrow beam antenna with static intermediate pass
CN109143275A (en) A kind of miniaturization array antenna anti-interference realization method based on population
CN115066012B (en) Multi-user anchor-free positioning method based on UWB
CN111917440B (en) Wave beam selection and limited feedback method for offshore over-the-horizon large-scale antenna array
CN102036253B (en) Method and device for estimating interference probability between base stations
JP2024504784A (en) Intelligent reflective surface communication beam selection method based on beam index map
CN110133588B (en) Antenna positioning method, device and equipment
CN112013833B (en) VICTS antenna satellite-to-satellite tracking method based on deep neural network
CN108712227A (en) A kind of atmospheric duct precise positioning and automatic optimization method
JP3854252B2 (en) Reception characteristic estimation apparatus and reception characteristic estimation method
CN112560295A (en) Satellite equivalent velocity calculation method for passive synthetic aperture positioning
KR20190001386A (en) Indoor Positioning Method and Apparatus Based on Bluetooth Low Energy
CN104267419A (en) Sensor node rapid positioning method based on Beidou satellites
CN107994940B (en) A kind of visible light localization method based on TABU search
CN109884583A (en) The convex optimization method of target three-dimensional coordinate is determined using one-dimensional direction finding
CN111225253B (en) Sea area video source acquisition method based on communication-in-moving antenna
CN109508024B (en) Rapid high-precision attitude compensation method for shipborne electronic reconnaissance equipment
CN115392117B (en) High-frame-rate fuzzy-free acoustic navigation method for underwater high-speed maneuvering platform
CN105353643A (en) Method of quick positioning of moving object in complex environment
CN111162832B (en) Method for realizing marine microwave directional communication based on Beidou system
Mukhtar et al. Satellite image and received signal-based outdoor localization using deep neural networks
CN111757242A (en) Sea area communication beam control method and device based on AIS information calculation
CN109041214A (en) A kind of mobile location method and system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant