CN111917150A - Control circuit of bidirectional converter, bidirectional converter and power supply module - Google Patents
Control circuit of bidirectional converter, bidirectional converter and power supply module Download PDFInfo
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- CN111917150A CN111917150A CN202010500647.6A CN202010500647A CN111917150A CN 111917150 A CN111917150 A CN 111917150A CN 202010500647 A CN202010500647 A CN 202010500647A CN 111917150 A CN111917150 A CN 111917150A
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 201
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
- H02J7/007186—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage obtained with the battery disconnected from the charge or discharge circuit
Abstract
The invention provides a control circuit of a bidirectional converter, which comprises a current control circuit, a voltage control circuit, a direction mode control circuit, a PWM circuit, a drive circuit, a voltage reference source VREF and an auxiliary power supply circuit. When the bidirectional converter works in the forward direction, the current control circuit does not work, and the voltage at the forward output side of the bidirectional converter is controlled through a feedback signal of the voltage control circuit; when the bidirectional converter works reversely, the voltage control circuit does not work, and the current at the reverse output side of the bidirectional converter is controlled by a feedback signal of the current control circuit; when the voltage on the reverse output side reaches the upper limit value of the normal voltage of the battery pack C1, the drive circuit does not output any more drive signals, and the bidirectional converter stops operating. The bidirectional converter control circuit realizes the control of the voltage of the forward output side during the forward operation of the bidirectional converter, controls the current of the reverse output side during the reverse operation, and stops the operation of the bidirectional converter after the voltage of the reverse output side reaches a certain threshold value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic circuits of power modules, and relates to a control circuit for a bidirectional DC-DC converter, the bidirectional converter and the power module.
Background
A typical DC-DC converter is unidirectional, and can only transfer the energy of a power source from one direction to another, and a bidirectional DC-DC converter can realize bidirectional transfer of energy. For example, a charger with a bidirectional function is used to charge the storage battery when the power supply network is normal, and can return the storage battery power to the power grid to supply emergency power to the power grid for a short time once the power supply network is interrupted. Since the bidirectional DC-DC converter can operate in a forward direction or a reverse direction, its control method is more complicated than that of the unidirectional DC-DC converter.
To control the output of the converter, the following common control methods are used in the prior art: peak current mode control, average current mode control, voltage mode control. The peak current mode control and the average current mode control can control the peak current and the average current respectively, but when the bidirectional converter is applied, because the current directions of the bidirectional converter in different working directions are different, the control of the two working directions is difficult to be compatible. The voltage type control can stabilize the voltage at the output side of the converter at a set value, but when the output side is provided with a large capacitor or battery pack, the voltage of the capacitor or battery pack is almost constant in a short time and cannot reach the set voltage value, so that an operational amplifier of the voltage loop enters a saturation region, and the current cannot be controlled. In the application of a standby power supply and the like, when a large capacitor or a battery pack is charged, the bidirectional converter needs to control the current of the output side of the converter and stops charging when the voltage of the capacitor or the battery pack reaches a certain threshold value; when a load is supplied with power, the voltage of an output side needs to be controlled, and the prior art cannot give consideration to the voltage and current control of different working methods of the bidirectional converter.
In summary, the existing method is difficult to be applied to the control of the bidirectional converter, so that the application range is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the existing method, and to provide a control circuit of a bidirectional converter, which realizes the charge and discharge control of a power module of the bidirectional converter.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a control circuit for a bidirectional converter, comprising: a current control circuit for controlling a charging current when charging the battery pack C1; a voltage control circuit for controlling an output voltage when discharging the battery pack C1; the direction mode control circuit comprises a forward working mode control circuit, a reverse working mode control circuit and a reverse stop mode control circuit and is used for controlling the energy transmission direction of the bidirectional converter; the PWM circuit is used for converting feedback signals of the current control circuit and the voltage control circuit into PWM signals; the driving circuit is used for outputting a driving signal according to the received PWM signal so as to drive a switching tube in the bidirectional converter; the voltage reference source VREF is used for providing reference voltage for the current control circuit and the voltage control circuit; the auxiliary power supply circuit is used for providing pull-up voltage for the current control circuit and the voltage control circuit; when the bidirectional converter works in the forward direction, the current control circuit does not work, and the voltage at the forward output side of the bidirectional converter is controlled through a feedback signal of the voltage control circuit; when the bidirectional converter works reversely, the voltage control circuit does not work, and the current at the reverse output side of the bidirectional converter is controlled by a feedback signal of the current control circuit; when the voltage on the reverse output side reaches the upper limit value of the normal voltage of the battery pack C1, the drive circuit does not output any more drive signals, and the bidirectional converter stops operating.
Preferably, the forward working mode control circuit and the voltage control circuit form a forward control module, and the forward working mode control circuit comprises a buffer B2 and a switch S2; the voltage control circuit comprises a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a capacitor C7, a capacitor C8, an operational amplifier OP2 and a diode D4, wherein an input end of a buffer B2 serves as a control end of the forward control module and is used for being connected with an input end EN of the bidirectional converter, an output end of the buffer B2 is connected with a grid electrode of a switch S2, a source electrode of the switch S2 is grounded, a drain electrode of the switch S2 is connected with one end of the capacitor C7, the other end of the capacitor C7 is respectively connected with a cathode of the diode D4 and an output end of the operational amplifier OP2, and an anode of the diode D4 is led out to serve as an output end of the forward control module and is used for providing a voltage feedback; the negative input end of the operational amplifier OP2 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R9, one end of a resistor R10, one end of a resistor R11 and the drain electrode of a switch S2, the other end of the resistor R10 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with one end of a capacitor C8, the other end of the capacitor C8 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier OP2, and the positive input end of the operational amplifier OP2 is led out to serve as the first input end of a positive control module and is used for being connected with a voltage reference source VREF; the other end of the resistor R9 is led out to serve as a second input end of the forward control module and is used for being connected with the output positive end Vo + of the bidirectional converter.
Preferably, the reverse operation mode control circuit and the current control circuit form a reverse control module, and the reverse operation mode control circuit comprises an inverter U2 and a switch S1; the current control circuit comprises a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, an operational amplifier OP1 and a diode D3, wherein a control end serving as an inversion control module is led out from an input end of the inverter U2 and used for being connected with an input end EN of a bidirectional converter, an output end of the inverter U2 is connected with a grid electrode of the switch S1, a source electrode of the switch S1 is grounded, a drain electrode of the switch S1 is connected with one end of the capacitor C5, the other end of the capacitor C5 is respectively connected with a cathode of the diode D3 and an output end of the operational amplifier OP1, and an anode of the diode D3 is led out as an output end of the inversion control module and used; the negative input end of the operational amplifier OP1 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R5, one end of a resistor R6, one end of a resistor R7 and the drain of a switch S1, the other end of the resistor R6 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with one end of a capacitor C6, the other end of the capacitor C6 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier OP1, the positive input end of the operational amplifier OP1 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R2, one end of the resistor R3 and one end of a resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the other end of the resistor R5 and then leads out to be used as a first input end of an inversion control; the other end of the resistor R2 is led out to serve as a second input end of the reverse control module and is used for being connected with the negative input end Vin-of the bidirectional converter.
Preferably, the reverse stop control circuit comprises a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a comparator CP2, a diode D5 and a diode D6, wherein a positive input terminal of the comparator CP2 is led out as a first input terminal of the reverse stop control circuit, and is used for being connected with a voltage reference source VREF; the negative input end of the comparator CP2 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R12 and one end of the resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R13 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R12 is led out to serve as the control end of the reverse stop control circuit and is used for being connected with the input positive end Vin + of the bidirectional converter; the output end of the comparator CP2 is connected to the cathode of the diode D5 and the cathode of the diode D6, respectively; the anode of the diode D5 is led out to be used as a first output end of the reverse stop control circuit and is used for being connected with the PWM circuit; the anode of the diode D6 is led out as a second output terminal of the reverse stop control circuit for connection with the PWM circuit.
Preferably, the PWM circuit includes a comparator CP1, a buffer B1, an inverter U1, a resistor R14, a resistor R15 and a sawtooth wave generating circuit, wherein a positive input terminal of the comparator CP1 is led out to serve as an input terminal of the PWM circuit and is used for being connected with an output terminal of the forward control module and an output terminal of the reverse control module, a negative input terminal of the comparator CP1 is connected with the sawtooth wave generating circuit, an output terminal of the comparator CP1 is respectively connected with an input terminal of the buffer B1 and an input terminal of the inverter U1, an output terminal of the buffer B1 is connected with one end of the resistor R14, and the other end of the resistor R14 is led out to serve as a first output terminal of the PWM circuit and is used for being connected with the driving circuit; the output end of the inverter U1 is connected with one end of the resistor R15, and the other end of the resistor R15 is led out to be used as a second output end of the PWM circuit and is connected with the driving circuit.
Preferably, the auxiliary power supply circuit comprises an auxiliary power supply VCC and a resistor R8, one end of the auxiliary power supply VCC is grounded, the other end of the auxiliary power supply VCC is connected with one end of a resistor R8, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with the input end of the PWM circuit.
Preferably, the control circuit of the bidirectional converter further includes a diode D1 and a capacitor C3, and an anode of the diode D1 is led out to serve as a first input end of the control circuit of the bidirectional converter and is used for connecting a synonym end of a secondary winding of a transformer of the flyback power module; the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with one end of the capacitor C3, and the cathode of the diode D1 is also led out to be used as a working state signal end EN for providing a working state signal of the power supply module for the bidirectional converter; the other end of the capacitor C3 is led out to be used as a second input end of a control circuit of the bidirectional converter and is used for being connected with the homonymous end of a secondary winding of a transformer of the flyback power module.
The present invention also provides a control circuit of a bidirectional converter, characterized in that: the bidirectional converter comprises a current control circuit, a voltage control circuit, a mode control circuit, a PWM circuit, a driving circuit, a voltage reference circuit and an auxiliary power circuit, wherein the auxiliary power circuit is respectively connected with the current control circuit, the voltage control circuit and the PWM circuit; the current control circuit is also led out of a first input end thereof and is used for being connected with an input negative end Vin-of the bidirectional converter; the voltage control circuit is also led out of a first input end thereof and is used for connecting an output positive end Vo + of the bidirectional converter; the driving circuit is further led out of a first output end and a second output end thereof, and is connected with a switching tube Q1 of the bidirectional converter through the first output end thereof, and the second output end thereof is connected with a switching tube Q2 of the bidirectional converter.
Preferably, when the bidirectional converter works in the forward direction, the current control circuit does not work, and the voltage at the forward output side of the bidirectional converter is controlled by a feedback signal of the voltage control circuit; when the bidirectional converter works reversely, the voltage control circuit does not work, and the current at the reverse output side of the bidirectional converter is controlled by a feedback signal of the current control circuit; when the voltage on the reverse output side reaches the upper limit value of the normal voltage of the battery pack C1, the drive circuit does not output any more drive signals, and the bidirectional converter stops operating.
The invention further provides a bidirectional converter, which comprises the control circuit of the bidirectional converter, and further comprises a battery pack C1, an inductor L, a switch tube Q1, a switch tube Q2, a capacitor C2 and a current sampling resistor R1, wherein the positive electrode of the battery pack C1 is connected with one end of the inductor L, the positive electrode of the battery pack C1 is led out to be used as the input positive end of the bidirectional converter, the other end of the inductor L is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the switch tube Q1 and the source electrode of the switch tube Q2, the drain electrode of the switch tube Q2 is led out to be used as the output positive end of the bidirectional converter, the negative electrode of the battery pack C1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1, the negative electrode of the battery pack C1 is led out to be used as the input negative end of the bidirectional converter, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the source electrode of the switch tube Q1, the resistor R1 is also led out to be used as the output negative end of the bidirectional converter, the capacitor C2 is connected between, the input negative end of the bidirectional converter is connected with the current control circuit of the bidirectional converter, the output positive end of the bidirectional converter is connected with the voltage control circuit of the bidirectional converter, and the output negative end of the bidirectional converter is grounded.
The invention further provides a power module, which comprises the bidirectional converter, a transformer T and a diode D2, wherein the synonym end of a secondary winding of the transformer T is connected with the anode of a diode D2, the cathode of the diode D2 is led out to serve as the output positive end of the power module, and the synonym end of the secondary winding of the transformer T is led out to serve as the output negative end of the power module; when the voltage on the reverse output side reaches the charging voltage of the battery pack C1, the driving circuit does not output a driving signal any more, and the bidirectional converter stops working; when the power module is abnormally powered off, the operation mode of the bidirectional converter is a forward operation direction, namely, the energy stored in the battery pack C1 is output to a load through the forward transmission of the bidirectional converter to supply power, and the voltage on the forward output side of the bidirectional converter is controlled through a feedback signal of the voltage control circuit.
As described above, the control circuit of a bidirectional converter according to the present invention includes:
the current control circuit is used for controlling the charging current when the energy is used for charging the battery pack C1 through the bidirectional converter;
the voltage control circuit is used for controlling the output voltage of the converter when the battery pack is discharged by the bidirectional converter;
the mode control circuit is used for controlling the working direction of the bidirectional converter;
the PWM circuit is used for converting feedback signals of the current control circuit and the voltage control circuit into PWM signals;
the driving circuit is used for driving a switching tube Q1 and a switching tube Q2 in the bidirectional converter according to the received PWM signal;
the voltage reference circuit is used for providing reference voltage for the current control circuit and the voltage control circuit;
and the auxiliary power supply circuit is used for providing pull-up voltage for the current control circuit and the voltage control circuit.
The invention has the advantages that the defects of the converter control technology in the prior art are overcome, the voltage of the forward output side can be controlled during the forward operation of the bidirectional converter, the current of the reverse output side can be controlled during the reverse operation, and the operation of the bidirectional converter is stopped after the voltage of the reverse output side reaches a certain threshold value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an overall implementation of the present invention as a bi-directional converter for use in a power module;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control circuit of the bidirectional converter of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit schematic of the control circuit of the bidirectional converter of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an overall implementation circuit of the present invention as a bi-directional converter for use in a power module. A power module for a bidirectional converter, comprising: the flyback converter comprises a flyback circuit and a bidirectional converter connected to the output side of the flyback circuit, wherein the flyback circuit comprises a primary flyback circuit, a transformer T, a diode D2 and an output capacitor C4. The bidirectional converter includes: the circuit comprises a diode D1, a capacitor C3, a battery pack C1, an inductor L, a switching tube Q1, a switching tube Q2, a capacitor C2, a current sampling resistor R1 and a control circuit of the bidirectional converter. A control circuit for a bidirectional converter, for: when the power supply module works normally, the output energy of the power supply module is supplied to the battery pack C1 for charging through the reverse transmission of the bidirectional converter; in the event of an abnormal power outage of the power module, the energy stored in battery pack C1 is delivered to the load via the forward output of the bi-directional converter.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a control circuit of a bidirectional converter according to the present invention, the control circuit of the bidirectional converter including: the device comprises a current control circuit, a voltage control circuit, a direction mode control circuit, a PWM circuit, a driving circuit, a voltage reference circuit and an auxiliary power supply circuit, wherein the current control circuit is used for controlling the charging current when the energy of a power supply is used for charging the battery pack C1 through a bidirectional converter; the voltage control circuit is used for controlling the output voltage of the converter when the battery pack is discharged by the bidirectional converter; the direction mode control circuit is used for controlling the current control circuit and the voltage control circuit according to the energy transmission direction of the bidirectional converter; the PWM circuit is used for converting feedback signals of the current control circuit during charging and the voltage control circuit during discharging into PWM signals; the driving circuit is used for driving a switching tube Q1 and a switching tube Q2 in the bidirectional converter according to the received PWM signal; the voltage reference circuit VREF is used for providing reference voltage for the current control circuit and the voltage control circuit; and the auxiliary power supply circuit is used for providing pull-up voltage for the current control circuit and the voltage control circuit.
The connection relation of the control circuit of the bidirectional converter is that the auxiliary power supply circuit is respectively connected with the current control circuit, the voltage control circuit and the PWM circuit, the voltage reference circuit is respectively connected with the current control circuit, the voltage control circuit and the direction mode control circuit, the direction mode control circuit is also connected with the current control circuit, the voltage control circuit, the PWM circuit and the drive circuit, the direction mode control circuit is also led out of a first input end and a second input end of the direction mode control circuit and is used for being connected with an input positive end Vin + of the bidirectional converter through the first input end and being connected with an input end EN of the bidirectional converter through the second input end; the current control circuit is also led out of a first input end thereof and is used for being connected with an input negative end Vin-of the bidirectional converter; the voltage control circuit is also led out of a first input end thereof and is used for connecting an output positive end Vo + of the bidirectional converter; the driving circuit is further led out of a first output end and a second output end thereof, and is connected with a switching tube Q1 of the bidirectional converter through the first output end thereof, and the second output end thereof is connected with a switching tube Q2 of the bidirectional converter.
The working principle of the control circuit of the bidirectional converter of the invention is that the bidirectional converter collects working state signals of a power supply module at two ends of a secondary winding of a transformer T as enabling signals, the enabling signals are provided to the bidirectional converter through an input end EN of the bidirectional converter,
when the working state signal of the power supply module is normal, the working mode of the bidirectional converter is a reverse working direction, namely the output energy of the power supply module is supplied to the battery pack C1 for charging through the reverse transmission of the bidirectional converter, and the current at the reverse output side of the bidirectional converter is controlled through the feedback signal of the current control circuit; when the voltage on the reverse output side reaches the charging voltage of the battery pack C1, the driving circuit does not output a driving signal any more, and the bidirectional converter stops working;
when the power module operating state signal is abnormal, the operating mode of the bidirectional converter is a forward operating direction, that is, the energy stored in the battery pack C1 is output to the load through the forward transmission of the bidirectional converter to supply power, and the voltage at the forward output side of the bidirectional converter is controlled by the feedback signal of the voltage control circuit.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit of a bidirectional converter to which the control circuit of the preferred embodiment of the control circuit of the bidirectional converter of the present invention is applied. The control circuit of the bidirectional converter in this embodiment is specifically:
the current control circuit comprises a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, an operational amplifier OP1 and a diode D3.
The voltage control circuit comprises a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a capacitor C7, a capacitor C8, an operational amplifier OP2 and a diode D4.
A mode control circuit including a forward, reverse and reverse stop operation mode control circuit, wherein the forward operation mode control circuit includes a buffer B2 and a switch S2; the reverse operation mode control circuit comprises an inverter U2 and a switch S1; the reverse stop operation mode control circuit includes a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a comparator CP2, a diode D5, and a diode D6.
The PWM circuit comprises a comparator CP1, a buffer B1, an inverter U1, a resistor R14, a resistor R15 and a sawtooth wave generating circuit.
And the voltage reference circuit comprises a voltage reference source VREF.
And an auxiliary power supply circuit comprising an auxiliary power supply VCC and a resistor R8.
The control circuit of the bidirectional converter of the present invention is connected in such a manner that,
the forward working mode control circuit and the voltage control circuit form a forward control module, wherein the input end of a buffer B2 is used as the control end of the forward control module and is connected with the input end EN of the bidirectional converter, the output end of a buffer B2 is connected with the grid of a switch S2, the source of the switch S2 is grounded, the drain of the switch S2 is connected with one end of a capacitor C7, the other end of the capacitor C7 is respectively connected with the cathode of a diode D4 and the output end of an operational amplifier OP2, and the anode of a diode D4 is led out to be used as the output end of the forward control module and is used for providing a voltage feedback signal to the PWM circuit; the negative input end of the operational amplifier OP2 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R9, one end of a resistor R10, one end of a resistor R11 and the drain electrode of a switch S2, the other end of the resistor R10 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with one end of a capacitor C8, the other end of the capacitor C8 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier OP2, and the positive input end of the operational amplifier OP2 is led out to serve as the first input end of a positive control module and is used for being connected with a voltage reference source VREF; the other end of the resistor R9 is led out to serve as a second input end of the forward control module and is used for being connected with the output positive end Vo + of the bidirectional converter.
The reverse working mode control circuit and the current control circuit form a reverse control module, wherein the input end of the inverter U2 is led out to serve as the control end of the reverse control module and is used for being connected with the input end EN of the bidirectional converter, the output end of the inverter U2 is connected with the grid of the switch S1, the source of the switch S1 is grounded, the drain of the switch S1 is connected with one end of the capacitor C5, the other end of the capacitor C5 is respectively connected with the cathode of the diode D3 and the output end of the operational amplifier OP1, and the anode of the diode D3 is led out to serve as the output end of the reverse control module and is used for providing a current feedback; the negative input end of the operational amplifier OP1 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R5, one end of a resistor R6, one end of a resistor R7 and the drain of a switch S1, the other end of the resistor R6 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with one end of a capacitor C6, the other end of the capacitor C6 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier OP1, the positive input end of the operational amplifier OP1 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R2, one end of the resistor R3 and one end of a resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the other end of the resistor R5 and then leads out to be used as a first input end of an inversion control; the other end of the resistor R2 is led out to serve as a second input end of the reverse control module and is used for being connected with the negative input end Vin-of the bidirectional converter.
The reverse stop control circuit, wherein the positive input end of the comparator CP2 is led out as the first input end of the reverse stop control circuit, and is used for being connected with the voltage reference source VREF; the negative input end of the comparator CP2 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R12 and one end of the resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R13 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R12 is led out to serve as the control end of the reverse stop control circuit and is used for being connected with the input positive end Vin + of the bidirectional converter; the output end of the comparator CP2 is connected to the cathode of the diode D5 and the cathode of the diode D6, respectively; the anode of the diode D5 is led out to be used as a first output end of the reverse stop control circuit and is used for being connected with the PWM circuit; the anode of the diode D6 is led out as a second output terminal of the reverse stop control circuit for connection with the PWM circuit.
The PWM circuit comprises a positive input end of a comparator CP1, an output end of the comparator CP1 is led out to serve as an input end of the PWM circuit and is used for being connected with an output end of a forward control module and an output end of a reverse control module, a negative input end of a comparator CP1 is connected with a sawtooth wave generating circuit, an output end of a comparator CP1 is respectively connected with an input end of a buffer B1 and an input end of an inverter U1, an output end of a buffer B1 is connected with one end of a resistor R14, and the other end of the resistor R14 is led out to serve as a first output end of the PWM circuit and is; the output end of the inverter U1 is connected with one end of the resistor R15, and the other end of the resistor R15 is led out to be used as a second output end of the PWM circuit and is connected with the driving circuit.
And the auxiliary power supply circuit comprises an auxiliary power supply VCC and a resistor R8, wherein one end of the auxiliary power supply VCC is grounded, the other end of the auxiliary power supply VCC is connected with one end of a resistor R8, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with the input end of the PWM circuit.
The control circuit of the bidirectional converter further comprises a diode D1 and a capacitor C3, wherein the anode of the diode D1 is led out to be used as a first input end of the control circuit of the bidirectional converter and is used for being connected with a synonym end of a secondary winding of a transformer of a flyback power module; the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with one end of the capacitor C3, and the cathode of the diode D1 is led out to serve as an input end EN for providing a working state signal of the power supply module to the bidirectional converter; the other end of the capacitor C3 is led out to be used as a second input end of a control circuit of the bidirectional converter and is used for being connected with the homonymous end of a secondary winding of a transformer of the flyback power module.
The operating direction of the bidirectional converter is defined as follows: the energy is transmitted from the side of the battery pack C1 to the side of the capacitor C2 in the forward working direction, and vice versa. The working principle of the control circuit of the bidirectional converter in the embodiment is as follows:
when the primary side flyback circuit is powered off, the current of the diode D1 disappears, the voltage of the input end EN of the directional mode control circuit gradually drops to zero, the directional mode control circuit enables the bidirectional converter to work in the forward direction, and the battery pack C1 supplies power to a load through the bidirectional converter; when the primary side flyback circuit normally works, the diode D1 is conducted, the voltage of the input end EN of the direction mode control circuit rises to a high level, the direction mode control circuit enables the bidirectional converter to work reversely, and the bidirectional converter charges the battery pack C1.
When the voltage of the input end EN is low level, the buffer B2 outputs low level, the switch S2 is turned off, the resistor R9 divides the voltage from the output voltage after sampling with the resistor R10, the divided voltage is used as the inverted input of the operational amplifier OP2, the values of R9, R10, R11, C7 and C8 are reasonably set, the operational amplifier OP2 works in a linear amplification area after the circuit works stably, the output voltage of the operational amplifier OP2 decreases with the increase of the voltage on the forward output side of the bidirectional converter (the voltage of the output end Vo +), the diode D4 is turned on, the voltage control circuit works normally, the PWM generates a PWM signal according to the voltage output by the voltage control circuit, the lower the voltage output by the operational amplifier OP2, the smaller the duty ratio of the PWM signal output by the comparator CP1, the smaller the duty ratio of the PWM signal output by the comparator CP1 decreases so that the duty ratio output by the buffer B1 decreases, the on-on duty ratio of the switching tube Q1 decreases, the voltage at the forward output Vo + of the bi-directional converter drops. Meanwhile, because the voltage at the input end EN is low, the inverter U2 outputs high level, the switch S1 is turned on, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier OP1 is equivalent to short-circuited to ground, the operational amplifier OP1 operates in a saturation region, the diode D3 is turned off, and the current control circuit does not operate, so that the current control circuit can be prevented from influencing the PWM circuit. Therefore, the voltage of the positive output side can be controlled when the bidirectional converter works in the positive direction, and the process is as follows: during the forward operation of the bidirectional converter, the voltage on the forward output side rises → the voltage output by the operational amplifier OP2 falls → the duty ratio of the PWM signal output by the comparator CP1 decreases → the duty ratio output by the buffer B1 decreases → the on duty ratio of the switching tube Q1 decreases → the voltage on the forward output side falls during the forward operation of the bidirectional converter, otherwise, when the voltage control circuit detects that the voltage on the forward output side falls during the forward operation of the bidirectional converter, the voltage on the forward output side rises through feedback regulation, and the voltage on the forward output side during the forward operation of the bidirectional converter can be controlled through the feedback control process.
When the voltage of the input end EN is high level, the inverter U2 outputs low level, the switch S1 is turned off, the voltage output of the current sampling resistor R1 passes through R2 and then is used as the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier OP1, the values of R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, C5 and C6 are reasonably set, after the circuit works stably, the operational amplifier OP1 will work in the linear amplification region, the output voltage of the operational amplifier OP1 rises with the rise of the current (with the positive direction being Vin + → Vin-) on the inverting output side of the bidirectional converter, the diode D3 is turned on, the current control circuit works normally, the PWM generates a PWM signal according to the voltage output by the current control circuit, the duty ratio of the PWM signal output by the comparator CP1 is higher the voltage output by the operational amplifier OP1, the duty ratio of the PWM signal output by the comparator CP1 is increased, so that the duty ratio of the PWM signal output by the comparator CP1 is decreased, the duty ratio of the, the current on the inverting output side of the bi-directional converter drops. Meanwhile, because the voltage at the input end EN is at a high level, the buffer B2 outputs a high level, the switch S2 is turned on, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier OP2 is equivalently short-circuited to ground, the operational amplifier OP2 operates in a saturation region, the diode D4 is turned off, and the voltage control circuit does not operate, so that the voltage control circuit can be prevented from influencing the PWM circuit. Therefore, when the bidirectional converter works reversely, the current on the reverse output side can be controlled, and the process is as follows: the current rise at the reverse output side during the reverse operation of the bidirectional converter → the voltage rise output by the operational amplifier OP1 → the duty ratio of the PWM signal output by the comparator CP1 is increased → the duty ratio output by the inverter U1 is decreased → the on duty ratio of the switching tube Q2 is decreased → the current at the reverse output side during the reverse operation of the bidirectional converter is decreased, otherwise, the current control circuit detects that the current decrease at the reverse output side during the reverse operation of the bidirectional converter causes the current at the reverse output side to increase through feedback regulation, and such a feedback control process causes the current at the reverse output side during the reverse operation of the bidirectional converter to be controlled.
When the bidirectional converter operates in the reverse direction, the bidirectional converter charges the battery pack C1, the voltage on the reverse output side of the bidirectional converter gradually rises, and the reverse-phase input voltage of the comparator CP2 also gradually rises, so when the battery pack C1 is full, that is, the voltage on the reverse output side of the bidirectional converter reaches a certain threshold (that is, the upper limit of the normal voltage of the battery pack C1), the reverse-phase input voltage of the comparator CP2 is greater than the normal-phase input voltage, the comparator CP2 outputs a low level, the diode D5 and the diode D6 are turned on, the input end of the driving circuit is clamped at the low level, the driving circuit does not output any driving signal any more, the switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q2 are turned off, and the bidirectional converter stops operating.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above-described preferred embodiment should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, several modifications and refinements may be made, such as using a current transformer to sample current instead of a resistor, using a MOS transistor or a triode to replace a switch in the text, and using a primary side flyback circuit instead of a forward circuit, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and further description of the embodiments is omitted herein, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. In addition, all the connection/connection relations referred to in the patent do not mean that the components are directly connected, but mean that a better connection structure can be formed by adding or reducing connection auxiliary components according to specific implementation conditions. All technical characteristics in the invention can be interactively combined on the premise of not conflicting with each other.
Claims (11)
1. A control circuit for a bidirectional converter, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
a current control circuit for controlling a charging current when charging the battery pack C1;
a voltage control circuit for controlling an output voltage when discharging the battery pack C1;
the direction mode control circuit comprises a forward working mode control circuit, a reverse working mode control circuit and a reverse stopping direction mode control circuit and is used for controlling the current control circuit and the voltage control circuit according to the energy transmission direction of the bidirectional converter;
the PWM circuit is used for converting feedback signals of the current control circuit and the voltage control circuit into PWM signals;
the driving circuit is used for outputting a driving signal according to the received PWM signal so as to drive a switching tube in the bidirectional converter;
the voltage reference source VREF is used for providing reference voltage for the current control circuit and the voltage control circuit;
the auxiliary power supply circuit is used for providing pull-up voltage for the current control circuit and the voltage control circuit;
when the bidirectional converter works in the forward direction, the current control circuit does not work, and the voltage at the forward output side of the bidirectional converter is controlled through a feedback signal of the voltage control circuit;
when the bidirectional converter works reversely, the voltage control circuit does not work, and the current at the reverse output side of the bidirectional converter is controlled by a feedback signal of the current control circuit; when the voltage on the reverse output side reaches the upper limit value of the normal voltage of the battery pack C1, the drive circuit does not output any more drive signals, and the bidirectional converter stops operating.
2. The control circuit of a bidirectional converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the forward working mode control circuit and the voltage control circuit form a forward control module, and the forward working mode control circuit comprises a buffer B2 and a switch S2; the voltage control circuit comprises a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a capacitor C7, a capacitor C8, an operational amplifier OP2 and a diode D4, wherein an input end of a buffer B2 serves as a control end of the forward control module and is used for being connected with an input end EN of the bidirectional converter, an output end of the buffer B2 is connected with a grid electrode of a switch S2, a source electrode of the switch S2 is grounded, a drain electrode of the switch S2 is connected with one end of the capacitor C7, the other end of the capacitor C7 is respectively connected with a cathode of the diode D4 and an output end of the operational amplifier OP2, and an anode of the diode D4 is led out to serve as an output end of the forward control module and is used for providing a voltage feedback; the negative input end of the operational amplifier OP2 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R9, one end of a resistor R10, one end of a resistor R11 and the drain electrode of a switch S2, the other end of the resistor R10 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with one end of a capacitor C8, the other end of the capacitor C8 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier OP2, and the positive input end of the operational amplifier OP2 is led out to serve as the first input end of a positive control module and is used for being connected with a voltage reference source VREF; the other end of the resistor R9 is led out to serve as a second input end of the forward control module and is used for being connected with the output positive end Vo + of the bidirectional converter.
3. The control circuit of a bidirectional converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reverse working mode control circuit and the current control circuit form a reverse control module, and the reverse working mode control circuit comprises an inverter U2 and a switch S1; the current control circuit comprises a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, an operational amplifier OP1 and a diode D3, wherein a control end serving as an inversion control module is led out from an input end of the inverter U2 and used for being connected with an input end EN of a bidirectional converter, an output end of the inverter U2 is connected with a grid electrode of the switch S1, a source electrode of the switch S1 is grounded, a drain electrode of the switch S1 is connected with one end of the capacitor C5, the other end of the capacitor C5 is respectively connected with a cathode of the diode D3 and an output end of the operational amplifier OP1, and an anode of the diode D3 is led out as an output end of the inversion control module and used; the negative input end of the operational amplifier OP1 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R5, one end of a resistor R6, one end of a resistor R7 and the drain of a switch S1, the other end of the resistor R6 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with one end of a capacitor C6, the other end of the capacitor C6 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier OP1, the positive input end of the operational amplifier OP1 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R2, one end of the resistor R3 and one end of a resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the other end of the resistor R5 and then leads out to be used as a first input end of an inversion control; the other end of the resistor R2 is led out to serve as a second input end of the reverse control module and is used for being connected with the negative input end Vin-of the bidirectional converter.
4. The control circuit of a bidirectional converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reverse stop control circuit comprises a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a comparator CP2, a diode D5 and a diode D6, wherein a positive input end of the comparator CP2 is led out to serve as a first input end of the reverse stop control circuit and is used for being connected with a voltage reference source VREF; the negative input end of the comparator CP2 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R12 and one end of the resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R13 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R12 is led out to serve as the control end of the reverse stop control circuit and is used for being connected with the input positive end Vin + of the bidirectional converter; the output end of the comparator CP2 is connected to the cathode of the diode D5 and the cathode of the diode D6, respectively; the anode of the diode D5 is led out to be used as a first output end of the reverse stop control circuit and is used for being connected with the PWM circuit; the anode of the diode D6 is led out as a second output terminal of the reverse stop control circuit for connection with the PWM circuit.
5. The control circuit of a bidirectional converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the PWM circuit comprises a comparator CP1, a buffer B1, an inverter U1, a resistor R14, a resistor R15 and a sawtooth wave generating circuit, wherein the positive input end of the comparator CP1 is led out to be used as the input end of the PWM circuit and is used for being connected with the output end of a forward control module and the output end of a reverse control module, the negative input end of the comparator CP1 is connected with the sawtooth wave generating circuit, the output end of the comparator CP1 is respectively connected with the input end of the buffer B1 and the input end of the inverter U1, the output end of the buffer B1 is connected with one end of the resistor R14, and the other end of the resistor R14 is led out to be used as the first output end of the PWM circuit and is connected with a driving circuit; the output end of the inverter U1 is connected with one end of the resistor R15, and the other end of the resistor R15 is led out to be used as a second output end of the PWM circuit and is connected with the driving circuit.
6. The control circuit of a bidirectional converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: auxiliary power supply circuit, including auxiliary power supply VCC and resistance R8, auxiliary power supply VCC's one end ground connection, auxiliary power supply VCC's the other end connecting resistance R8's one end, the input of PWM circuit is connected to resistance R8's the other end.
7. The control circuit of a bidirectional converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power supply further comprises a diode D1 and a capacitor C3, wherein the anode of the diode D1 is led out to be used as a first input end of a control circuit of the bidirectional converter and is used for being connected with a synonym end of a secondary winding of a transformer of the flyback power supply module; the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with one end of the capacitor C3, and the cathode of the diode D1 is also led out to be used as a working state signal end EN for providing a working state signal of the power supply module for the bidirectional converter; the other end of the capacitor C3 is led out to be used as a second input end of a control circuit of the bidirectional converter and is used for being connected with the homonymous end of a secondary winding of a transformer of the flyback power module.
8. A control circuit for a bidirectional converter, characterized by: comprises a current control circuit, a voltage control circuit, a direction mode control circuit, a PWM circuit, a drive circuit, a voltage reference circuit and an auxiliary power supply circuit,
the auxiliary power supply circuit is respectively connected with the current control circuit, the voltage control circuit and the PWM circuit, the voltage reference circuit is respectively connected with the current control circuit, the voltage control circuit and the direction mode control circuit, the direction mode control circuit is also connected with the current control circuit, the voltage control circuit, the PWM circuit and the drive circuit, and the direction mode control circuit is also led out of a first input end and a second input end thereof and is used for connecting an input positive terminal Vin + of the bidirectional converter through the first input end thereof and connecting an input end EN of the bidirectional converter through the second input end thereof; the PWM circuit is also connected with the current control circuit and the voltage control circuit; the current control circuit is also led out of a first input end thereof and is used for being connected with an input negative end Vin-of the bidirectional converter; the voltage control circuit is also led out of a first input end thereof and is used for connecting an output positive end Vo + of the bidirectional converter; the driving circuit is further led out of a first output end and a second output end thereof, and is connected with a switching tube Q1 of the bidirectional converter through the first output end thereof, and the second output end thereof is connected with a switching tube Q2 of the bidirectional converter.
9. The control circuit of a bidirectional converter according to claim 8, characterized in that: when the bidirectional converter works in the forward direction, the current control circuit does not work, and the voltage at the forward output side of the bidirectional converter is controlled through a feedback signal of the voltage control circuit;
when the bidirectional converter works reversely, the voltage control circuit does not work, and the current at the reverse output side of the bidirectional converter is controlled by a feedback signal of the current control circuit; when the voltage on the reverse output side reaches the upper limit value of the normal voltage of the battery pack C1, the drive circuit does not output any more drive signals, and the bidirectional converter stops operating.
10. A bidirectional converter comprising the control circuit of the bidirectional converter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a battery C1, an inductor L, a switch Q1, a switch Q2, a capacitor C2, and a current sampling resistor R1, wherein the positive electrode of the battery C1 is connected to one end of the inductor L, the positive electrode of the battery C1 is further led out as the positive input terminal of the bidirectional converter, the other end of the inductor L is respectively connected to the drain of the switch Q1 and the source of the switch Q2, the drain of the switch Q2 is led out as the positive output terminal of the bidirectional converter, the negative electrode of the battery C1 is connected to one end of a resistor R1, the negative electrode of the battery C1 is further led out as the negative input terminal of the bidirectional converter, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the source of the switch Q1, the resistor R1 is further led out as the negative output terminal of the bidirectional converter, the capacitor C2 is connected in parallel between the positive output terminal and, the method is characterized in that:
the input positive end of the bidirectional converter is connected with a direction mode control circuit of a control circuit of the bidirectional converter, the input negative end of the bidirectional converter is connected with a current control circuit of the bidirectional converter, the output positive end of the bidirectional converter is connected with a voltage control circuit of the bidirectional converter, and the output negative end of the bidirectional converter is grounded.
11. A power supply module including the bidirectional converter as claimed in claim 10, further comprising a transformer T and a diode D2, wherein the synonym terminal of the secondary winding of the transformer T is connected to the anode of the diode D2, the cathode of the diode D2 is led out as the positive output terminal of the power supply module, and the synonym terminal of the secondary winding of the transformer T is led out as the negative output terminal of the power supply module, characterized in that:
the two-way converter collects working state signals of the power supply module at two ends of a secondary winding of the transformer T and provides the working state signals as enabling signals to the two-way converter,
when the power module normally works, the working mode of the bidirectional converter is a reverse working direction, namely the output energy of the power module is supplied to the battery pack C1 for charging through reverse transmission of the bidirectional converter, and the current at the reverse output side of the bidirectional converter is controlled through a feedback signal of the current control circuit; when the voltage on the reverse output side reaches the charging voltage of the battery pack C1, the driving circuit does not output a driving signal any more, and the bidirectional converter stops working;
when the power module is abnormally powered off, the operation mode of the bidirectional converter is a forward operation direction, namely, the energy stored in the battery pack C1 is output to a load through the forward transmission of the bidirectional converter to supply power, and the voltage on the forward output side of the bidirectional converter is controlled through a feedback signal of the voltage control circuit.
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| CN202010500647.6A CN111917150A (en) | 2020-06-04 | 2020-06-04 | Control circuit of bidirectional converter, bidirectional converter and power supply module |
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| CN202010500647.6A CN111917150A (en) | 2020-06-04 | 2020-06-04 | Control circuit of bidirectional converter, bidirectional converter and power supply module |
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| JP2014236525A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2014-12-15 | 日本リライアンス株式会社 | Battery charge/discharge device, charge/discharge method, and program |
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| JP2007097252A (en) * | 2005-09-27 | 2007-04-12 | Nayuta:Kk | Power unit and its bidirectional step-up/step-down converter |
| CN101026316A (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2007-08-29 | 新电源系统株式会社 | Charging apparatus for capacitor storage type power source and discharging apparatus for capacitor storage type power source |
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