CN111916789A - Molten carbonate fuel cell and biomass gasification coupling power generation system and method - Google Patents
Molten carbonate fuel cell and biomass gasification coupling power generation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111916789A CN111916789A CN202010689804.2A CN202010689804A CN111916789A CN 111916789 A CN111916789 A CN 111916789A CN 202010689804 A CN202010689804 A CN 202010689804A CN 111916789 A CN111916789 A CN 111916789A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0625—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
- H01M8/0631—Reactor construction specially adapted for combination reactor/fuel cell
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
- H01M8/0681—Reactant purification by the use of electrochemical cells
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- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
- H01M8/0687—Reactant purification by the use of membranes or filters
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Abstract
A system and a method for generating power by gasifying and coupling a molten carbonate fuel cell and biomass. The hydrogen used by the existing fuel cell distributed power station is supplied by natural gas, and a large amount of non-renewable energy is consumed. The invention comprises the following components: a stock bin (1) which is connected with a drier (2) through a transport device, the drier is respectively connected with a gasification furnace (3) and a heat exchanger (12), the gasification furnace is connected with a cyclone separator (4) through a pipeline, the cyclone separator is connected with an electrostatic cyclone separator (5), the electrostatic cyclone separator is connected with a naphthalene washing tower (6), the naphthalene washing tower is connected with a temperature swing adsorption device (7),the temperature swing adsorption device is connected with the pressure swing adsorption device (8), the pressure swing adsorption device is connected with the desulfurizing tower (9), the desulfurizing tower is connected with the hydrogen drier (10), the hydrogen drier is connected with the anode of the fuel cell stack (13), and the anode of the fuel cell stack is connected with CO2The collecting device (15) is connected. The invention is used for the power generation system of the gasification coupling of the molten carbonate fuel cell and the biomass.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of thermal power generation, in particular to a system and a method for generating power by gasifying and coupling a molten carbonate fuel cell and biomass.
Background art:
for the thermal power generation industry, although supercritical and ultra-supercritical units are developed at the present stage, the power generation efficiency is continuously improved, the coal consumption is continuously reduced, the unit scale is huge, the ultra-high voltage long-distance power transmission is realized, the investment is increased, the comprehensive energy efficiency of users is still only about 35 percent, the large-scale pollution is still not fundamentally solved,
the hydrogen used by the existing fuel cell distributed power station is mainly supplied by reforming natural gas, so a large amount of non-renewable energy sources need to be consumed, a biomass gasification and molten carbonate fuel cell coupling system is not available at present, the biomass gas at the present stage is introduced into a boiler to replace a part of fossil fuel for combustion, the biomass gas contains 15% -25% of hydrogen, the hydrogen is 70-80 yuan/kg at the present price, and the economy of combustion is poor when the hydrogen is directly introduced into the boiler.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a system and a method for generating power by gasifying and coupling a molten carbonate fuel cell and biomass.
The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:
a system for generating power by coupling molten carbonate fuel cells and biomass gasification comprises: the storage bin is connected with a drier through a conveying device, and the drier is respectively connected with a gasifierThe gasifier is connected with a cyclone separator through a pipeline, the cyclone separator is connected with an electrostatic cyclone separator, the electrostatic cyclone separator is connected with a naphthalene washing tower, the naphthalene washing tower is connected with a temperature swing adsorption device, the temperature swing adsorption device is connected with a pressure swing adsorption device, the pressure swing adsorption device is connected with a desulfurization tower, the desulfurization tower is connected with a hydrogen drier, the hydrogen drier is connected with the anode of a fuel cell stack, and the anode of the fuel cell stack is connected with CO2The collecting device is connected, and the cathode of the collecting device is respectively connected with the combustion chamber, the heat exchanger and the CO2The storage tank is connected, the direct current generated by the fuel cell stack is introduced into a DC/AC converter, and the alternating current of the DC/AC converter is merged into a power grid.
The molten carbonate fuel cell and biomass gasification coupling power generation system, and the CO2A trapping device respectively connected with the combustion chamber and the CO2The storage tank is connected, the combustion chamber is respectively connected with the heat exchanger and the cooling water pump, and the heat exchanger is respectively connected with the compressor and the dryer.
A system and a method for generating power by coupling molten carbonate fuel cells and biomass gasification comprise the following steps:
firstly, conveying biomass from a bin to a dryer for drying, then conveying the dried biomass into a gasification furnace for gasification, deashing biomass gasified gas through a cyclone separator, removing tar from the deashed biomass gas by adopting an electrostatic cyclone tar removal method, removing naphthalene from the gas after tar removal by adopting an oil naphthalene washing method, removing ammonia from the gas after naphthalene removal by adopting a TSA method, purifying hydrogen from the gas after ammonia removal by adopting a PSA method, finely desulfurizing the purified hydrogen, and drying the desulfurized hydrogen;
then introducing the purified hydrogen into the anode of the fuel cell for electrochemical reaction, introducing air for reaction into an air compressor for boosting, introducing the boosted air into a heat exchanger for preheating, introducing the preheated air into the cathode of the fuel cell for electrochemical reaction, and introducing CO2CO stored in storage tank2Introducing fuelThe cathode of the cell performs electrochemical reaction, and the anode of the fuel cell performs electrochemical reaction to generate CO2Capture, CO captured2Feeding CO2The storage tank stores the hydrogen left by the electrochemical reaction of the anode of the fuel cell, and the air left by the electrochemical reaction of the cathode of the fuel cell is led into the combustion chamber;
the cooling water through the cooling water pump gets into the combustion chamber and absorbs the heat that surplus hydrogen burning was given off, and the cooling water after the heat absorption lets in the heat exchanger and preheats participating in the reaction air, and the cooling water after the heat transfer lets in the desiccator and dries the biomass, and the cooling water that the desiccator flows directly is discharged, and the direct current that fuel cell produced lets in DC/AC converter, and the alternating current after the conversion is incorporated into the electric wire netting.
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention relates to a power generation system and a power generation method by coupling molten carbonate fuel cell and biomass gasification, in particular to a power generation system and a power generation method thereof, which adopt renewable energy biomass as a raw material, gasify the raw material into biomass gas through a biomass gasification furnace, and obtain pure hydrogen as a hydrogen gas source of a molten carbonate fuel cell system through a series of purification working procedures, wherein the molten carbonate fuel cell adopts excessive H2Air and CO2Carry out electrochemical reaction, remaining hydrogen after the reaction and air burn in the combustion chamber and emit a large amount of heats, adopt coil tubular structure in the combustion chamber, the intraductal cooling water that lets in, the cooling water absorbs a large amount of heats through convection heat transfer and radiation heat transfer, the cooling water after the heat absorption at first gets into the heat exchanger, preheat the air of participating in electrochemical reaction, then the rethread is in the biomass dryer, dry the great living beings of moisture, realize thermal echelon utilization, biomass resources distributes the dispersion in china simultaneously, accord with the location of melting carbonate fuel cell distributed power station, the electricity generation of non-carbonization can really be realized to coupling power generation system between them.
The invention solves the defect that hydrogen used by a fuel cell distributed power station in the prior art is mainly supplied by reforming natural gas and consumes a large amount of non-renewable energy, effectively utilizes the characteristics of straws which can be supplied by China and are about 4 hundred million tons per year and rich biomass resources, and reduces the consumption of the non-renewable energy by producing hydrogen through biomass gasification.
The invention adopts the molten carbonate fuel cell and the biomass gasification coupling power generation system, the power transmission and heat transmission loss is extremely low, the comprehensive energy efficiency can reach 85 to 90 percent, and the reaction products of the system are pure water and carbon dioxide, wherein the carbon dioxide can be recycled after being captured, so that no pollutants such as waste water, waste gas, waste residue and the like are generated, and the environmental pollution is avoided.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a storage bin, 2, a dryer, 3, a gasification furnace, 4, a cyclone separator, 5, an electrostatic cyclone separator, 6, a naphthalene washing tower, 7, a temperature swing adsorption device, 8, a pressure swing adsorption device, 9, a desulfurization tower, 10, a hydrogen dryer, 11, a compressor, 12, a heat exchanger, 13, a fuel cell stack, 14, CO2Storage tank, 15, CO2A trapping device, 16, a cooling water pump, 17, a combustion chamber, 18, a DC/AC converter, 19 and a power grid.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
example 1:
a system for generating power by coupling molten carbonate fuel cells and biomass gasification comprises: feed bin 1, the feed bin pass through transportation equipment and be connected with desiccator 2, the desiccator connect gasifier 3, heat exchanger 12 respectively, the gasifier pass through tube coupling cyclone 4, cyclone 5 be connected with electrostatic cyclone, electrostatic cyclone be connected with wash naphthalene tower 6, wash naphthalene tower and be connected with temperature swing adsorption device 7, temperature swing adsorption device be connected with pressure swing adsorption device 8, pressure swing adsorption device be connected with desulfurizing tower 9, desulfurizing tower be connected with hydrogen desicator 10, hydrogen desicator and fuel cell pile 13's positive pole be connected, fuel cell pile's positive pole and CO2The collector 15 is connected to the combustor 17, the heat exchanger, and the CO at its cathode2The storage tank 14 is connected, and the direct current generated by the fuel cell stack is passed to a DC/AC converter 18, and the alternating current of the DC/AC converter is merged into a power grid 19.
Example 2:
the molten carbonate fuel cell and biomass gasification coupled power generation system of example 1, said CO2A trapping device respectively connected with the combustion chamber and the CO2The storage tank is connected, the combustion chamber is respectively connected with the heat exchanger and the cooling water pump 16, and the heat exchanger is respectively connected with the compressor 11 and the dryer.
Example 3:
a method of coupling a molten carbonate fuel cell with a biomass gasification power generation system according to embodiment 1 or 2, the method comprising the steps of:
firstly, conveying biomass from a bin to a dryer for drying, then conveying the dried biomass into a gasification furnace for gasification, deashing biomass gasified gas through a cyclone separator, removing tar from the deashed biomass gas by adopting an electrostatic cyclone tar removal method, removing naphthalene from the gas after tar removal by adopting an oil naphthalene washing method, removing ammonia from the gas after naphthalene removal by adopting a TSA method, purifying hydrogen from the gas after ammonia removal by adopting a PSA method, finely desulfurizing the purified hydrogen, and drying the desulfurized hydrogen;
then introducing the purified hydrogen into the anode of the fuel cell for electrochemical reaction, introducing air for reaction into an air compressor for boosting, introducing the boosted air into a heat exchanger for preheating, introducing the preheated air into the cathode of the fuel cell for electrochemical reaction, and introducing CO2CO stored in storage tank2Introducing the carbon dioxide into the cathode of the fuel cell to perform electrochemical reaction, and generating CO by the electrochemical reaction of the anode of the fuel cell2Capture, CO captured2Feeding CO2The storage tank stores the hydrogen left by the electrochemical reaction of the anode of the fuel cell, and the air left by the electrochemical reaction of the cathode of the fuel cell is led into the combustion chamber;
the cooling water through the cooling water pump gets into the combustion chamber and absorbs the heat that the burning of excess air was given off, and the cooling water after the heat absorption lets in the heat exchanger and preheats participating in the reaction air, and the cooling water after the heat transfer lets in the desiccator and dries the biomass, and the cooling water that the desiccator flows out directly is discharged, and the direct current that fuel cell produced lets in DC/AC converter, and the alternating current after the conversion is incorporated into the electric wire netting.
Claims (3)
1. A system for generating power by coupling molten carbonate fuel cells and biomass gasification comprises: feed bin, characterized by: the feed bin pass through transportation equipment and be connected with the desiccator, the desiccator connect gasifier, heat exchanger respectively, the gasifier pass through pipe connection cyclone, cyclone be connected with electrostatic cyclone, electrostatic cyclone be connected with wash the naphthalene tower, wash the naphthalene tower and be connected with the temperature swing adsorption device, the temperature swing adsorption device be connected with the pressure swing adsorption device, the pressure swing adsorption device be connected with the desulfurizing tower, the desulfurizing tower be connected with the hydrogen desicator, the hydrogen desicator be connected with the positive pole of fuel cell pile, the positive pole of fuel cell pile and CO2The collecting device is connected, and the cathode of the collecting device is respectively connected with the combustion chamber, the heat exchanger and the CO2The storage tank is connected, the direct current generated by the fuel cell stack is introduced into a DC/AC converter, and the alternating current of the DC/AC converter is merged into a power grid.
2. The molten carbonate fuel cell and biomass gasification coupled power generation system of claim 1, wherein: said CO2A trapping device respectively connected with the combustion chamber and the CO2The storage tank is connected, the combustion chamber is respectively connected with the heat exchanger and the cooling water pump, and the heat exchanger is respectively connected with the compressor and the dryer.
3. The method of coupling a molten carbonate fuel cell with a biomass gasification power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, conveying biomass from a bin to a dryer for drying, then conveying the dried biomass into a gasification furnace for gasification, deashing biomass gasified gas through a cyclone separator, removing tar from the deashed biomass gas by adopting an electrostatic cyclone tar removal method, removing naphthalene from the gas after tar removal by adopting an oil naphthalene washing method, removing ammonia from the gas after naphthalene removal by adopting a TSA method, purifying hydrogen from the gas after ammonia removal by adopting a PSA method, finely desulfurizing the purified hydrogen, and drying the desulfurized hydrogen;
then introducing the purified hydrogen into the anode of the fuel cell for electrochemical reaction, introducing air for reaction into an air compressor for boosting, introducing the boosted air into a heat exchanger for preheating, introducing the preheated air into the cathode of the fuel cell for electrochemical reaction, and introducing CO2CO stored in storage tank2Introducing the carbon dioxide into the cathode of the fuel cell to perform electrochemical reaction, and generating CO by the electrochemical reaction of the anode of the fuel cell2Capture, CO captured2Feeding CO2The storage tank stores the hydrogen left by the electrochemical reaction of the anode of the fuel cell, and the air left by the electrochemical reaction of the cathode of the fuel cell is led into the combustion chamber;
the cooling water through the cooling water pump gets into the combustion chamber and absorbs the heat that surplus hydrogen burning was given off, and the cooling water after the heat absorption lets in the heat exchanger and preheats the air of participating in the reaction, and the cooling water after the heat transfer lets in the desiccator and dries the biomass, and the cooling water that the desiccator flows directly is discharged, and the direct current that fuel cell produced lets in DC/AC converter, and the alternating current after the conversion is incorporated into the electric wire netting.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113224363A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-06 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | Power generation system of molten carbonate fuel cell and working method thereof |
| CN113224359A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-06 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | Molten carbonate fuel cell system based on hydrogen adsorption circulation and working method thereof |
| CN114883616A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-09 | 湖南博忆源机电设备有限公司 | Carbon dioxide capture system based on fuel cell and capture method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-07-17 CN CN202010689804.2A patent/CN111916789A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113224363A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-06 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | Power generation system of molten carbonate fuel cell and working method thereof |
| CN113224359A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-06 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | Molten carbonate fuel cell system based on hydrogen adsorption circulation and working method thereof |
| CN114883616A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-09 | 湖南博忆源机电设备有限公司 | Carbon dioxide capture system based on fuel cell and capture method thereof |
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