CN111913211A - Intelligent TRT test seismic source excitation device and method - Google Patents
Intelligent TRT test seismic source excitation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111913211A CN111913211A CN202010723328.1A CN202010723328A CN111913211A CN 111913211 A CN111913211 A CN 111913211A CN 202010723328 A CN202010723328 A CN 202010723328A CN 111913211 A CN111913211 A CN 111913211A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/02—Generating seismic energy
- G01V1/143—Generating seismic energy using mechanical driving means, e.g. motor driven shaft
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/20—Arrangements of receiving elements, e.g. geophone pattern
Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent TRT test seismic source excitation device and method, which comprises a rock wall hammering device, wherein the rock wall hammering device comprises a hammering mechanism used for hammering a tunnel wall, the hammering mechanism comprises a hammering shell, an elastic hammer is horizontally arranged in the hammering shell, one end of the elastic hammer is fixedly connected with a movable impact baffle, the impact baffle is arranged at an interval with a fixed electromagnet, an elastic element is arranged between the impact baffle and the electromagnet, and the impact baffle can horizontally reciprocate under the action of the electromagnetic adsorption force of the electromagnet and the resilience force of the elastic element so as to drive the elastic hammer to hammer the tunnel wall.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering monitoring, and particularly relates to an intelligent TRT test seismic source excitation device and method.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
TRT is the short term for the reflection tomography technology of tunnel seismic waves, and the basic principle of the technology lies in that when a seismic wave encounters an acoustic impedance difference (the product of density and wave velocity), a part of signals are reflected back, and a part of signals are transmitted into a front medium. Changes in acoustic impedance typically occur at geologic formation interfaces or at discrete interfaces within the rock mass. The reflected seismic signals are received by highly sensitive seismic signal sensors and analyzed to understand the properties (soft zone, rag zone, fault, water cut, etc.), location and scale of the geologic volume in front of the tunnel face.
In the advanced forecasting operation of the tunnel, in general, the detector fixing block is bonded on the tunnel wall by the leakage stopping king, the leakage stopping king is mixed with water for use, if the proportion of the water is small, the final mixture is too dry, the proportion of the water is too large, the mixture is too thin, the proportion is difficult to master, and time is wasted. Even after the completion of the stirring of the plugging king, the tunnel wall is not good in adhesion and easy to fall off due to the fact that the tunnel wall is uneven or wet and wet, but the tunnel is troublesome to implement due to insufficient illumination brightness, the detector falls off to the ground and is difficult to find, and time is wasted.
Although TRT is simpler and easier to implement than other methods, the present implementation of the technology uses manual hammering of the tunnel wall to obtain seismic waves, and the inventor finds that this method is very labor-consuming, and generally, a man who is an adult hammers a hammering point of a hole is very laborious, which wastes a lot of time, brings extra workload to monitoring work, and reduces engineering efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the intelligent TRT test seismic source excitation device and the intelligent TRT test seismic source excitation method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the invention provides an intelligent TRT test seismic source excitation device, which includes a rock wall hammering device, where the rock wall hammering device includes a hammering mechanism for hammering a tunnel wall, the hammering mechanism includes a hammering housing, a percussion hammer is horizontally disposed in the hammering housing, one end of the percussion hammer is fixedly connected to a movable percussion baffle, the percussion baffle is spaced from a fixed electromagnet, an elastic element is disposed between the percussion baffle and the electromagnet, and the percussion baffle can horizontally reciprocate under the action of electromagnetic adsorption force of the electromagnet and resilience force of the elastic element, so as to drive the percussion hammer to hammer the tunnel wall.
In the device, the electro-magnet is used for providing power for the impact hammer, and the electro-magnet circular telegram back produces the electromagnetism adsorption affinity, adsorbs striking baffle and removes to the electro-magnet direction, then cuts off the power supply for the electro-magnet, and striking baffle is replied under the effect of spring restoring force, and then makes the impact hammer hammering tunnel wall.
As a further technical scheme, the electromagnet is fixedly connected with a central shaft, and the central shaft extends from the electromagnet to the impact baffle; the elastic hammer and the impact baffle are provided with horizontal central holes, and the end part of the central shaft is arranged in the central hole.
As a further technical scheme, a plurality of sliding blocks are fixedly arranged in the hammering shell, the elastic hammer is supported on the sliding blocks, and the elastic hammer can freely slide along the sliding blocks.
As a further technical scheme, the electromagnet is connected with a battery, the battery is provided with a contact switch, and the contact switch is communicated with the wireless module.
As a further technical scheme, a trigger is arranged on the outer side of the elastic hammer, the trigger is connected with a base station, and the base station is connected with an upper computer.
As a further technical scheme, a flexible gasket is arranged at the contact part of the elastic hammer and the impact baffle.
As a further technical scheme, the rock wall hammering device further comprises a travelling mechanism and a height adjusting mechanism, wherein the height adjusting mechanism is fixed on the travelling mechanism, and the hammering mechanism is fixed at the top of the height adjusting mechanism; the walking mechanism comprises a base, wheels are arranged at the bottom of the base, and a hydraulic system is arranged in the base; the height adjusting mechanism comprises a sleeve, a telescopic pipe is arranged in the sleeve, the lower portion of the telescopic pipe is connected with a hydraulic system, and the upper portion of the telescopic pipe is connected with the hammering shell.
As a further technical scheme, the device further comprises a connecting device used for fixing the detector on the tunnel wall, the connecting device comprises a detector connecting block, one end of the detector connecting block is connected with the wall nailing device, and the other end of the detector connecting block is connected with the detector so as to detect the vibration wave generated after the hammering mechanism hammers the tunnel wall.
As a further technical scheme, the wall nailing device comprises a base and a nail body, wherein the nail body is vertically connected with the base, the periphery of the nail body is provided with threads, and the end head of the nail body is provided with a nail head.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an operating method of the intelligent TRT test seismic source excitation device, which includes the following steps:
marking a point to be measured and a point to be hammered on the tunnel wall;
fixing a connecting device on a point to be hammered, moving a rock wall hammering device to the point to be hammered, electrifying an electromagnet, adsorbing an impact baffle plate by the electromagnet, moving the impact baffle plate to the direction of the electromagnet, powering off the electromagnet, restoring the impact baffle plate under the action of resilience force of an elastic element, and enabling an elastic hammer to hammer the point to be hammered for multiple times and acquire data;
moving to the next hammering point, repeating the operation and collecting data;
and analyzing the obtained data to obtain a tunnel seismic wave velocity model.
The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention are as follows:
according to the device, the rock wall hammering device can be moved and is adjustable in height, the device can be suitable for hammering tunnel walls at different positions and at different heights, the hammering mechanism can hammer the tunnel walls, hammering at different heights can be achieved, TRT testing is more convenient, labor intensity of testing personnel is reduced, and testing results are more accurate.
According to the device, the connecting device can firmly fix the detector on the point to be measured on the tunnel wall, so that the vibration wave of the tunnel wall in the hammering process can be monitored, and the device can be suitable for monitoring advanced prediction of the tunnel.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rock wall hammering apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a nailing wall device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a connection device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-base, 2-nail body, 3-thread, 4-nail head, 5-nail wall device, 6-detector connecting block, 7-detector, 8-detector connecting head, 9-data line, 10-wireless module, 11-elastic hammer, 12-sliding block, 13-trigger, 14-flexible gasket, 15-impact baffle, 16-return spring, 17-central shaft, 18-electromagnet, 19-contact switch, 20-lithium battery, 21-telescopic pipe, 22-sleeve, 23-handle, 24-console, 25-base, 26-wheel, 27-base station, 28-notebook computer, and 29-hammer shell.
The spacing or dimensions between each other are exaggerated to show the location of the various parts, and the illustration is for illustrative purposes only.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the invention expressly state otherwise, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
for convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in the present invention, if any, merely indicate correspondence with up, down, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, rather than indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The terms "mounted", "connected", "fixed", and the like in the present invention should be understood broadly, and for example, the terms "mounted", "connected", "fixed", and the like may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; the two components can be connected mechanically or electrically, directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or connected internally or in an interaction relationship, and the terms used in the present invention should be understood as having specific meanings to those skilled in the art.
As described in the background of the invention, the prior art has disadvantages, and in order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an intelligent TRT test seismic source excitation apparatus and method.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent TRT test seismic source excitation apparatus is provided, including: the device comprises a connecting device used for fixing the detector at a set position on the tunnel wall and a rock wall hammering device.
The connecting device comprises a detector connecting block 6 as shown in fig. 3, the detector connecting block 6 can be a concrete test block, one end of the detector connecting block 6 is connected with the wall nailing device 5, and the other end of the detector connecting block 6 is connected with the detector 7.
The wall nailing device is shown in figure 2 and comprises a base 1 and a nail body 2, wherein the nail body 2 and the base 1 are mutually perpendicular and connected, and the periphery of the nail body 2 is provided with threads 3, so that the friction force with a tunnel wall is increased, and the firmness is improved; the nail body 2 is provided with a nail head 4 at the end, and can be hammered into the tunnel wall.
The magnet thin sheet is fixedly arranged on the end face of the base 1 and can be used for being connected with the detector connecting block 6, and the detector connecting block 6 and the detector 7 can also be connected through the magnet thin sheet.
In this embodiment, nail body 5cm is long, can fix, can not influence the detection too much again.
The end side of the detector 7 is provided with a detector connector 8, and the detector connector 8 is connected with a wireless module 10 through a data line 9.
The base 1 of the wall nailing device 5 is tightly attached to the detector connecting block 6, the detector 7 is tightly attached to the detector connecting block 6, one end of the data line is connected with the detector connecting head 8, the other end of the data line is connected with the wireless module 10, and as shown in fig. 3, a set of connecting devices are assembled.
Lightly pounding 11 wall nailing devices 5 into the point to be tested which is marked by red spray paint in advance, then opening the switch of the wireless module 10, and then hammering the point by the rock wall hammering device.
The rock wall hammering device comprises a travelling mechanism used for moving to different hammering measuring points, a height adjusting mechanism used for adjusting the height and a hammering mechanism used for hammering a tunnel wall to obtain seismic waves, wherein the rock wall hammering device is shown in fig. 1.
The travelling mechanism comprises a base 25, four wheels 26 are arranged at the bottom of the base 25, a hydraulic system is arranged in the base, a control console 24 is installed on the upper portion of the base, and a handle 23 is arranged on one side of the base 25 and used for pushing equipment and assisting in fixing the equipment during working.
In this embodiment, the wheels are made of natural rubber, and the wheels can be universal wheels, which can be 360%0And (4) free movement.
The height adjusting mechanism comprises a sleeve 22 for protecting an internal structure, the sleeve 22 is arranged on a control console 24, the sleeve 22 is vertically arranged, an extension tube 21 is arranged inside the sleeve 22, the extension tube 21 is also vertically arranged, the lower portion of the extension tube 21 is connected with a hydraulic system arranged inside a base 25, and the upper portion of the extension tube 21 is connected with a hammering mechanism. The telescopic pipe can be driven by a hydraulic system to be telescopic up and down.
The hydraulic system is communicated with the control console 24, and the control console 24 is communicated with the wireless module, so that remote operation can be realized, and labor is saved. The wireless module is provided with a wireless remote control button I, and the work of the hydraulic system can be controlled through the wireless remote control button I.
The hammering mechanism comprises an elastic hammer 11, sliding blocks 12, a flexible gasket 14, an impact baffle 15, a return spring 16, a central shaft 17, an electromagnet 18, a contact switch 19, a lithium battery 20 and a hammering shell 29, wherein the elastic hammer 11, the impact baffle 15, the return spring 16 and the central shaft 17 are all arranged inside the hammering shell 29, the hammering shell 29 is fixed at the top of a telescopic pipe 21, the elastic hammer 11 is horizontally arranged, two sliding blocks 12 are arranged in the hammering shell 29 corresponding to the bottom of the elastic hammer 11, the elastic hammer 11 is supported on the sliding blocks, the elastic hammer 11 can freely slide along the sliding blocks, and the sliding blocks play a role in supporting and lifting the elastic hammer 11;
the utility model discloses a striking baffle, including striking baffle 15, center pin 17, return spring 16, striking baffle, electromagnet 18, the fixed back of hammering casing, electro-magnet 18, contact switch 19 and lithium cell 20, can change the lithium cell at any time, striking hammer 11 one end links to each other with striking baffle 15 is fixed, striking hammer 11 and striking baffle 15 center department have a footpath to be a bit more than the hole of center pin 17, center pin 17 level sets up, center pin 17 one end fixed connection electro-magnet 18, the hole is arranged in to the other end, return spring 16 twines in center pin 17 periphery, striking baffle and fixed electro-magnet interval set up, return spring 16 sets up between striking baffle. The electromagnet is connected with a lithium battery, and the lithium battery 20 supplies power to the electromagnet 18, so that the hammering detection device can still be used under the condition that a power socket is not available.
The center pin passes through threaded connection in electro-magnet one side, plays fixed return spring's effect.
The lithium battery is provided with a contact switch, the contact switch is communicated with the wireless module, the wireless module is provided with a wireless remote control button, and the opening and closing of the contact switch can be controlled through the wireless remote control button.
The trigger 13 is arranged outside the elastic hammer 11, the trigger 13 is connected with the base station 27, and the base station 27 is connected with the notebook computer 28.
Because the instantaneous dynamics that the elastic hammer 11 popped out and reset each time is all great, elastic hammer 11 can produce great reaction force when hammering the tunnel wall, elastic hammer 11 links to each other with striking baffle 15, center pin 17 and electro-magnet 18 again, and electro-magnet 18 is accurate part, for avoiding it to produce the destruction to electro-magnet 18, elastic hammer 11 and striking baffle 15 should install flexible packing ring 14 at the contact site, for elastic hammer 11 provides the buffering, alleviate the impact force that elastic hammer striking tunnel wall produced.
When the wireless remote control device is used specifically, an operator aligns the hammering mechanism to a point to be measured, clicks the wireless remote control button II, the contact switch 19 is switched on, the lithium battery supplies power to the electromagnet through a wire, the electromagnet is started to adsorb the impact baffle 15, further the return spring 16 is compressed, the impact hammer 11 is driven to slide backwards, then the wireless remote control button II is clicked, the contact switch 19 is switched off, the lithium battery 20 stops supplying power to the electromagnet 18, the return spring 16 resets, further the impact baffle 15 and the impact hammer 11 are driven to move forwards instantly, and the point is hammered. The up-and-down movement of the telescopic pipe is controlled through a wireless remote control button, so that the hammering of the next detection point is carried out. The whole detection process can be completed by only one person, and meanwhile, the time and the labor are saved, and the cost is saved.
The rock wall hammering device can be movably arranged and adjustable in height, the hammering device can hammer rock surfaces, the monitoring of advanced prediction of tunnels can be suitable, hammering at different heights can be achieved, TRT testing is more convenient, labor intensity of testing personnel is reduced, and testing results are more accurate.
The working method of the intelligent TRT test seismic source excitation device comprises the following specific operation steps:
S1: marking a point to be measured and a point to be hammered of the tunnel by using spray paint according to the standard;
S2: firstly, the wall nailing devices 5 are arranged in sequenceThe detector connecting block 6 is stuck on the wall nailing device 5 by the hammer, the detector 7 is stuck on the other side of the detector connecting block 6 and then connected to the wireless module 10 by the data line 9, the operations are repeated, and 11 connecting devices are assembled.
Moving the rock wall hammering device to a point to be hammered, pasting a trigger 13 on the hammer, connecting the trigger with a base station through a data line, and connecting the base station with a computer and a wireless module 10;
S3: an operator opens computer software;
S4: an operator clicks the wireless remote control button II, the contact switch, the lithium battery and the electromagnet form a passage, the impact baffle is moved towards the electromagnet by the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet, then the return spring is compressed, then the wireless remote control button II is clicked, the contact switch, the lithium battery and the electromagnet are disconnected, in the process, the return spring is reset to drive the impact baffle to move forwards instantly away from the electromagnet, and then the elastic impact hammer is pushed to be in contact with the detected surface. Completing one-time hammering work, hammering each hammering point for three times, and acquiring seismic wave data by using a notebook computer;
S5: after the first hammering point finishes hammering, clicking a wireless remote control button I, controlling a hydraulic system through a console to push a telescopic pipe to move up and down, and moving a hammering mechanism to a second hammering point for hammering;
S6: repeating the above operations, hammering the next hammering point.
S7: and analyzing the obtained data to obtain a tunnel seismic wave velocity model.
The data acquisition and analysis processing work is completed by O-RV3D software. The post-processing software data analysis is carried out according to the following working procedures: downloading seismic wave data and a seismic source and sensor position coordinates → setting a stratum imaging area and optimal precision → designing a filter, extracting direct waves → calculating average wave velocity → constructing a seismic wave velocity model → setting data processing and filtering parameters → setting the proportion and color codes of a background → displaying a result → analyzing a stereogram of an abnormal body detected in a rock stratum → forming a report → outputting a detection result.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an intelligence TRT test focus excitation device, characterized by, includes the cliff hammering device, the cliff hammering device is including the hammering mechanism that is used for hammering tunnel wall, and hammering mechanism includes the hammering casing, and the level sets up the impact hammer in the hammering casing, and impact hammer one end and mobilizable striking baffle rigid coupling, and the striking baffle sets up with fixed electro-magnet interval, and sets up elastic element between striking baffle and the electro-magnet, and the striking baffle can be at the electromagnetic adsorption power of electro-magnet and elastic element's resilience effect horizontal reciprocating motion, and then drives the impact hammer hammering tunnel wall.
2. The intelligent TRT testing source excitation device of claim 1, wherein the electromagnet is further fixedly connected to a central shaft, the central shaft extending from the electromagnet to the impact baffle; the elastic hammer and the impact baffle are provided with horizontal central holes, and the end part of the central shaft is arranged in the central hole.
3. The intelligent TRT testing seismic source excitation device of claim 1, wherein a plurality of sliders are fixedly arranged in the hammering housing, the impact hammer is supported on the sliders, and the impact hammer can freely slide along the sliders.
4. The intelligent TRT testing seismic source excitation device of claim 1, wherein the electromagnet is connected to a battery, the battery having a contact switch, the contact switch in communication with the wireless module.
5. The intelligent TRT seismic source excitation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a trigger is arranged outside the impact hammer, the trigger is connected with a base station, and the base station is connected with an upper computer.
6. The intelligent TRT testing seismic source excitation device of claim 1, wherein the impact hammer and the impact baffle are provided with a flexible gasket at the contact portion.
7. The intelligent TRT testing seismic source excitation device of claim 1, wherein the rock wall hammering device further comprises a traveling mechanism and a height adjustment mechanism, the height adjustment mechanism is fixed to the traveling mechanism, and the hammering mechanism is fixed to the top of the height adjustment mechanism; the walking mechanism comprises a base, wheels are arranged at the bottom of the base, and a hydraulic system is arranged in the base; the height adjusting mechanism comprises a sleeve, a telescopic pipe is arranged in the sleeve, the lower portion of the telescopic pipe is connected with a hydraulic system, and the upper portion of the telescopic pipe is connected with the hammering shell.
8. The intelligent TRT testing source excitation device of claim 1, further comprising a connector for securing the geophone to the tunnel wall, the connector comprising a geophone connector block, one end of the geophone connector block being connected to the nailing wall device and the other end of the geophone connector block being connected to the geophone to detect the shock wave after the hammering mechanism hammers the tunnel wall.
9. The intelligent TRT seismic source excitation device according to claim 8, wherein the nailing wall device comprises a base and a nail body, the nail body and the base are connected perpendicularly, the periphery of the nail body is provided with threads, and the end of the nail body is provided with a nail head.
10. The method of operating the intelligent TRT seismic source excitation unit of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
marking a point to be measured and a point to be hammered on the tunnel wall;
fixing a connecting device on a point to be hammered, moving a rock wall hammering device to the point to be hammered, electrifying an electromagnet, adsorbing an impact baffle plate by the electromagnet, moving the impact baffle plate to the direction of the electromagnet, powering off the electromagnet, restoring the impact baffle plate under the action of resilience force of an elastic element, and enabling an elastic hammer to hammer the point to be hammered for multiple times and acquire data;
moving to the next hammering point, repeating the operation and collecting data;
and analyzing the obtained data to obtain a tunnel seismic wave velocity model.
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| CN202010723328.1A CN111913211A (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | Intelligent TRT test seismic source excitation device and method |
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| CN114137602B (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2023-08-11 | 南京工业大学 | Transverse wave excitation source device and transverse wave excitation method |
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